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Introducing the Internet
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What is the Internet?
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Internet
Is a collection ofmillions of
computernetworks linkedto differentcomputersaround theworld.
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Computer Network
Is a group ofconnected
computers thatexchangeinformation.
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Uses of Internet
It used for conducting business.
It is used for doing research.
It is used for reading news. It is used for downloading software
and files.
It can also be used for shopping online.
It is also used for playing computer games.
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How does the Internet Work?
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How does the Internet Work?
In order to connect to an InternetWeb site, you have to connect
to
something that is called a Server.These servers work all night
and
all day, unless there is a problem.
Servers send information and databack and forth.
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How does the Internet Work?
Internet users whorequest informationfrom these servers
are called Clients. The computer that
somebody is usingright now is a clientthat has
requestedinformation fromthe server.
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Computers talk to one another.
All of the servers and clients communicate
with one another through a language calledprotocol.
When you are surfing the internet from onewebsite to another
website, you will noticethat every single Web site address starts
with
http://. This stands for hypertext transferprotocolwhich is how
the World Wide Webworks.
http://./http://./http://./http://./
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IP address
On the Internet, computer information is sentfrom computer to
computer by usingnumerical addresses called IP addresses.
The IP address tells each computer where theinformation came
from or where it needs togo.
An IP address is a series of four numbers
connected by dots.For example the server could read
something
like this: 123.56.245.3
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Modem
Modem is a device that lets computer talk to each othervia
telephone lines.
It serves a s translator between the computer and
thetelephone.
The computer produces digital signals to transmit
images,documents, program, etc. Telephones were designed totransfer
voice, or analog signals.
The modems job is to convert the digital signal to analogin a
process called modulation; and the analog signal todigital signal,
which is called demodulation.
This is where the Modulator-Demodulator, or modem, is
derived from.
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Modem
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Internet Browser enables to see/read information
Once the computer is connected to the Internet,one can use it
for his or her own purpose.
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Internet Browser enables to see/read information
In order for a client to see and view theinformation/data that a
server sends,an Internet browseris needed.
The leading Internet browsers such as :
Internet Explorer
Netscape
Opera
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How did it all start?History of Internet
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History of Internet
1960s the US Defense Department made an experimentthat led them
to the creation of a collection of connectedcomputer networks that
worked as a coordinated whole.
Cold War existed, networks were vulnerable to enemy attack.
Whenever a server failed, the entire network failed. Bombproof
network was needed, one that can still operate
even if one part of the network shuts down.
1969 -ARPANET ( Advanced Research Projects AgencyNetwork)- it
was an experimental network based on
packet-switchingtechniques.
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