Upload
natalie-sandall
View
225
Download
2
Tags:
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
Introduction to Introduction to Occupational Safety & Health: Occupational Safety & Health:
HazHazardous ardous WWaste aste OpOperations and erations and EEmergency mergency RResponse esponse
((HAZWOPERHAZWOPER))
Introduction to Introduction to Occupational Safety & Health: Occupational Safety & Health:
HazHazardous ardous WWaste aste OpOperations and erations and EEmergency mergency RResponse esponse
((HAZWOPERHAZWOPER))
Andrew Burgie, M.S.Andrew Burgie, M.S.
Center for Occupational & Environmental HealthCenter for Occupational & Environmental Healthat Hunter Collegeat Hunter College
Presentation OverviewPresentation OverviewPresentation OverviewPresentation Overview
Basic Concepts in Protecting Worker Health Basic Concepts in Protecting Worker Health & Safety & Safety
Hazardous Waste LegislationHazardous Waste Legislation HAZWOPER CoursesHAZWOPER Courses Questions and CommentsQuestions and Comments
Basic Concepts in Protecting Basic Concepts in Protecting Worker Health & SafetyWorker Health & Safety
Basic Concepts in Protecting Basic Concepts in Protecting Worker Health & SafetyWorker Health & Safety
Health & Safety Standards & TerminologyHealth & Safety Standards & Terminology OSHA Regulation “General Duty Clause”OSHA Regulation “General Duty Clause”
Occupational Safety and Health Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA) - Act (OSHA) - LaborLabor
Occupational Safety and Health Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA) - Act (OSHA) - LaborLabor
Covers only Covers only privateprivate employers employers State may have public employee version of State may have public employee version of
OSHA standard as long as it isOSHA standard as long as it is “at least as “at least as stringent” stringent” as the federal standardas the federal standard
OSHA’s facility inspection program can be OSHA’s facility inspection program can be random, planned, complaint-driven, by random, planned, complaint-driven, by referral, or accident-drivenreferral, or accident-driven
Permissible Exposure Limits (PELs) Permissible Exposure Limits (PELs) are the are the legally enforceable exposure limits usedlegally enforceable exposure limits used
Standard DefinitionsStandard DefinitionsStandard DefinitionsStandard Definitions
OSHA PELsOSHA PELs : : OOccupational ccupational SSafety and afety and HHealth ealth AAdministration dministration PPermissible ermissible EExposure xposure LLimitsimits
Employee exposed for 8 hours/day; 40 Employee exposed for 8 hours/day; 40 hours/week; until retirement hours/week; until retirement withoutwithout experiencing adverse health effectsexperiencing adverse health effects
Legally enforceable Legally enforceable exposure limitsexposure limits
OSHA General Duty ClauseOSHA General Duty ClauseOSHA General Duty ClauseOSHA General Duty Clause
““Employee has right to safe and healthy Employee has right to safe and healthy workplaceworkplace””
EmployerEmployer must provide safe & healthy must provide safe & healthy workplaceworkplace
EmployeeEmployee must abide by rules and must abide by rules and regulations insuring a safe & healthy regulations insuring a safe & healthy workplaceworkplace
Material Safety Data Sheets Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)(MSDS)
Material Safety Data Sheets Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)(MSDS)
Important document that explains how to Important document that explains how to protectprotect a a worker worker againstagainst the the physicalphysical and and chemicalchemical properties of a substance used at work.properties of a substance used at work.
The document shall identify:The document shall identify: Substance Name and Hazardous IngredientsSubstance Name and Hazardous Ingredients Physical Properties and Fire and Explosion DataPhysical Properties and Fire and Explosion Data Substance StabilitySubstance Stability Short and Long Term Health Hazard DataShort and Long Term Health Hazard Data Proper Use and Handling of SubstanceProper Use and Handling of Substance Proper Protective Clothing to be Worn by WorkerProper Protective Clothing to be Worn by Worker
Hazardous Waste LegislationHazardous Waste LegislationHazardous Waste LegislationHazardous Waste Legislation
Environmental Protection Agency Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) - (EPA) - Controlled WasteControlled Waste
Environmental Protection Agency Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) - (EPA) - Controlled WasteControlled Waste
RCRARCRA - Resource Conservation & - Resource Conservation & Recovery Act (1976) Recovery Act (1976)
Waste treatment was addressed from “Waste treatment was addressed from “cradle cradle to graveto grave” (waste creation to final disposal)” (waste creation to final disposal)
Only applies to Only applies to active facilities and future active facilities and future facilities facilities and does not address abandoned or and does not address abandoned or historical waste sites historical waste sites
Environmental Protection Agency Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) - (EPA) - Uncontrolled WasteUncontrolled Waste
Environmental Protection Agency Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) - (EPA) - Uncontrolled WasteUncontrolled Waste
CERCLACERCLA – Comprehensive – Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act (1980)and Liability Act (1980)
Chemical companies were taxed and that money Chemical companies were taxed and that money was put into a “was put into a “SuperfundSuperfund” to clean up abandoned ” to clean up abandoned waste siteswaste sites
““Hazard Ranking System (HRS)”Hazard Ranking System (HRS)” was developed to was developed to rank abandoned waste sites from “most dangerous rank abandoned waste sites from “most dangerous to least dangerous” to least dangerous”
““HRS” resulted in HRS” resulted in National Priorities ListNational Priorities List
Environmental Protection Agency Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) - (EPA) - Uncontrolled WasteUncontrolled Waste
Environmental Protection Agency Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) - (EPA) - Uncontrolled WasteUncontrolled Waste
SARASARA – Superfund Amendments & – Superfund Amendments & Reauthorization Act (1985)Reauthorization Act (1985)
Extended CERCLA’s authority to address wasteExtended CERCLA’s authority to address waste Community Right-to-KnowCommunity Right-to-Know enabled public to enabled public to
identify neighborhood industrial properties that identify neighborhood industrial properties that generate hazardous materialsgenerate hazardous materials
Toxic Release InventoriesToxic Release Inventories enabled public to identify enabled public to identify neighborhood industrial properties that released neighborhood industrial properties that released hazardous materials into air, soil and waterhazardous materials into air, soil and water www.epa.gov/triwww.epa.gov/tri
Occupational Safety and Health Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA) - Act (OSHA) - LaborLabor
Occupational Safety and Health Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA) - Act (OSHA) - LaborLabor
““HAZWOPER”HAZWOPER” – Hazardous Waste Operations – Hazardous Waste Operations and Emergency Response (1989)and Emergency Response (1989)
Requires health and safety training for Requires health and safety training for persons managing hazardous materialspersons managing hazardous materials
HAZWOPER Course ExamplesHAZWOPER Course ExamplesHAZWOPER Course ExamplesHAZWOPER Course Examples
HAZWOPER Training CoursesHAZWOPER Training CoursesHAZWOPER Training CoursesHAZWOPER Training Courses
HAZWOPER Worker – 40 Hours HAZWOPER Worker – 40 Hours (initial training)(initial training) Additional 3 days on-site training after courseAdditional 3 days on-site training after course
HAZWOPER Refresher – 8 Hours HAZWOPER Refresher – 8 Hours (annual training)(annual training)
HAZWOPER Supervisor – 8 HoursHAZWOPER Supervisor – 8 Hours Specialized Sites (RCRA TSD) – 24 HoursSpecialized Sites (RCRA TSD) – 24 Hours Emergency Response (Specialized Trainings)Emergency Response (Specialized Trainings)
AwarenessAwareness - 8 Hours- 8 Hours OperationsOperations - 8 Hours- 8 Hours TechnicianTechnician - 24 Hours- 24 Hours SpecialistSpecialist - 24 Hours- 24 Hours On-Scene Incident CommandOn-Scene Incident Command - 8 Hours- 8 Hours
HAZWOPER – Training HighlightsHAZWOPER – Training HighlightsHAZWOPER – Training HighlightsHAZWOPER – Training Highlights
Hazard Hazard RecognitionRecognition, , EvaluationEvaluation, & , & ControlControl Site Characterization & AnalysisSite Characterization & Analysis Site ControlSite Control Engineering Controls, Work Practices, etc.Engineering Controls, Work Practices, etc. Monitoring of Site and PersonnelMonitoring of Site and Personnel Handling of Hazardous Waste ContainersHandling of Hazardous Waste Containers Decontamination ProceduresDecontamination Procedures Emergency ResponseEmergency Response
HAZWOPER – HAZWOPER – Hazard Hazard RecognitionRecognitionHAZWOPER – HAZWOPER – Hazard Hazard RecognitionRecognition
How can you recognize hazards?How can you recognize hazards? What Types of Hazards Exist?What Types of Hazards Exist? What Threats are Posed by Careless What Threats are Posed by Careless
Disposal?Disposal? When Is It Hazardous Waste?When Is It Hazardous Waste? DOT Emergency Response GuidebookDOT Emergency Response Guidebook
What Types of Hazards Exist?What Types of Hazards Exist?What Types of Hazards Exist?What Types of Hazards Exist?
Chemical HazardsChemical Hazards (corrosive, ignitable, (corrosive, ignitable, toxic, reactive, etc.)toxic, reactive, etc.)
Biological Hazards Biological Hazards (bacteria, viruses, fungi)(bacteria, viruses, fungi) Physical Hazards Physical Hazards (heat, noise, radiation)(heat, noise, radiation) Safety Hazards (slips, trips, falls)Safety Hazards (slips, trips, falls) ErgonomicErgonomic Hazards (repetitive stress Hazards (repetitive stress
injuries)injuries)
Threats Posed by Careless DisposalThreats Posed by Careless DisposalThreats Posed by Careless DisposalThreats Posed by Careless Disposal
Direct ContactDirect Contact Hazardous chemical spill on skinHazardous chemical spill on skin
Fire and/or ExplosionsFire and/or Explosions Oil tanker on fire on highway Oil tanker on fire on highway
Poison via the Food ChainPoison via the Food Chain Eating fish contaminated with mercuryEating fish contaminated with mercury
Threats Posed by Careless DisposalThreats Posed by Careless DisposalThreats Posed by Careless DisposalThreats Posed by Careless Disposal
Air PollutionAir Pollution Breathing in vehicle fumes or smogBreathing in vehicle fumes or smog
Surface Water ContaminationSurface Water Contamination A factory dumpling chemicals in a river (PCBs)A factory dumpling chemicals in a river (PCBs)
Groundwater ContaminationGroundwater Contamination A large dry cleaner spilling chemicals into the A large dry cleaner spilling chemicals into the
groundground
Hazardous Materials Spill /LeakHazardous Materials Spill /LeakHazardous Materials Spill /LeakHazardous Materials Spill /Leak
Spill/leak ground penetration analysis of vehicle fuel Spill/leak ground penetration analysis of vehicle fuel
““Superfund” SiteSuperfund” Site““Superfund” SiteSuperfund” Site
A.L. TAYLOR SITE (VALLEY OF DRUMS), BROOKS, KYA.L. TAYLOR SITE (VALLEY OF DRUMS), BROOKS, KY
Record of Decision (liability) 06/18/1986 – Famous Superfund SiteRecord of Decision (liability) 06/18/1986 – Famous Superfund Site
When Is It Hazardous Waste?When Is It Hazardous Waste?When Is It Hazardous Waste?When Is It Hazardous Waste?
IfIf & & WhenWhen hazardous substances (defined as hazardous substances (defined as ignitable, corrosive, reactive, or toxicignitable, corrosive, reactive, or toxic materials) are materials) are discardeddiscarded or or intended to be intended to be discardeddiscarded such as: such as:
Non-usable commercial chemical productsNon-usable commercial chemical products Used oil from car repair shopUsed oil from car repair shop
Contaminated soil, water, or other debris Contaminated soil, water, or other debris from chemical spill cleanupfrom chemical spill cleanup Oil spill in ocean from oil tankerOil spill in ocean from oil tanker
2004 Emergency Response 2004 Emergency Response Guidebook – Hazard IDGuidebook – Hazard ID
2004 Emergency Response 2004 Emergency Response Guidebook – Hazard IDGuidebook – Hazard ID
Department of Transportation Department of Transportation Vehicle Placards – Hazard IDVehicle Placards – Hazard IDDepartment of Transportation Department of Transportation Vehicle Placards – Hazard IDVehicle Placards – Hazard ID
HAZWOPER – HAZWOPER – Hazard Hazard EvaluationEvaluationHAZWOPER – HAZWOPER – Hazard Hazard EvaluationEvaluation
How can you evaluate hazards?How can you evaluate hazards? Monitoring of Site and PersonnelMonitoring of Site and Personnel
Air, soil, and water monitoringAir, soil, and water monitoring Worker exposure monitoringWorker exposure monitoring
Direct-Reading Devices for AirDirect-Reading Devices for AirDirect-Reading Devices for AirDirect-Reading Devices for Air
Four Gas Meter / PID comboFour Gas Meter / PID combo – – explosive gas, oxygen, hydrogen explosive gas, oxygen, hydrogen
sulfide, carbon monoxide / sulfide, carbon monoxide / VOCsVOCs
Colorimetric tubesColorimetric tubes – – gases, fumes, vapors, mists gases, fumes, vapors, mists (tube medium changes (tube medium changes
color)color)
Photo Ionization Detector (PID)Photo Ionization Detector (PID) – volatile organic – volatile organic
compounds (counts number of compounds (counts number of ions in air)ions in air)
Direct-Reading Devices for AirDirect-Reading Devices for AirDirect-Reading Devices for AirDirect-Reading Devices for Air
Colorimetric tubesColorimetric tubes – Contaminated air pumped – Contaminated air pumped through tubes by air pumping device – tubes change through tubes by air pumping device – tubes change
color, if contaminant is present in significant quantitycolor, if contaminant is present in significant quantity
PIDPID – Contaminated air pumped through – Contaminated air pumped through tubes by air pumping device – display tubes by air pumping device – display
number increases, if contaminant is present number increases, if contaminant is present in significant quantityin significant quantity
HAZWOPER – Hazard HAZWOPER – Hazard ControlControlHAZWOPER – Hazard HAZWOPER – Hazard ControlControl
How can you control hazards?How can you control hazards? Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
Protective Clothing (suits, gloves, boots, etc.)Protective Clothing (suits, gloves, boots, etc.) Respiratory Protective EquipmentRespiratory Protective Equipment
Remediation Technologies (site-specific)Remediation Technologies (site-specific)
Protective Clothing - SuitsProtective Clothing - SuitsProtective Clothing - SuitsProtective Clothing - Suits
LEVEL “A”LEVEL “A” LEVEL “B”LEVEL “B” LEVEL “C”LEVEL “C”
Protective Equipment - Protective Equipment - RespiratoryRespiratory
Protective Equipment - Protective Equipment - RespiratoryRespiratory
““half-face”half-face”
““full-face”full-face”
Air tank
Remediation TechnologiesRemediation Technologies ChemicalChemical
Neutralization, PrecipitationNeutralization, Precipitation Oxidation ReductionOxidation Reduction Ion ExchangeIon Exchange DisinfectionDisinfection
PhysicalPhysical Screening, SedimentationScreening, Sedimentation FiltrationFiltration Stripping, Air and SteamStripping, Air and Steam
BiologicalBiological AerobicAerobic AnaerobicAnaerobic
Remediation TechnologiesRemediation TechnologiesRemediation TechnologiesRemediation Technologies
““Capped” landfillCapped” landfill
Remediation TechnologiesRemediation Technologies
Removing Chemical Vapor from SoilRemoving Chemical Vapor from Soil
Hazardous Site ConversionHazardous Site ConversionHazardous Site ConversionHazardous Site Conversion
http://www.epa.gov/superfund/action/process/mgmtrpt.htmhttp://www.epa.gov/superfund/action/process/mgmtrpt.htm
Luminous ProcessorsLuminous ProcessorsAthens, GeorgiaAthens, Georgia
CONCLUSIONCONCLUSIONCONCLUSIONCONCLUSION
QUESTIONS & DISCUSSIONQUESTIONS & DISCUSSION
__________________________________________________________________________
ANDREW BURGIE, M.S.ANDREW BURGIE, M.S.
Center for Occupational and Environmental Center for Occupational and Environmental Health at Hunter CollegeHealth at Hunter College