Introductory Studies

1

Arabella Jones

Graphic Design Level 4Introductory Studies

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My Journey Home pages 6-11

Life & Death pages 14-19

Through the letterbox22-37

Lectures & SeminarsPages 40-49

Workshop Perfect BookbindingPages 52-53

Software Demonstrationsessions

Pages 56-59

Gallery Visits62-65

BibliographyPages 68-69

Contents

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Project 1My Journey Home

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My Journey Home

BriefUsing the idea of a map you are required to visually represent your journey from college to home or visa versa. Consider means of exploring this that you would not usually notice e.g. the flora you pass by, street signs, sounds, bus routes etc. Also consider less tangible ways of tracking your journey home e.g. thoughts and song titles.Consider incorporating elements associated with maps such as acompass and/or a legend. You may use collage, typography, photography and/or drawing or a combination of them.

The use of google as a research/reference tool is banned.

My ThoughtsMy initial thoughts on the project was to do my journey from

home, due to the fact that it is more interesting than my way back to halls. On my journey to university I walk to the bus stop and often wait a long time until the bus comes; this made me

think of the time I spend waiting, the people I see and the total time taken getting to university.

In order to generate some ideas I decided to do a mind map of my journey.

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My Journey Home

Design IdeasI did some initial sketches and design ideas to show in my tutorial. Most of the sketches were about how long it takes catching the bus and how I can record and show it in an info graphic style. Some of them also looked at the two different universities who get the bus however in my tutorial the advise given was to calculate how long I wait to get the bus, and if it affects the time I get into university.

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My Journey Home

Developed IdeasFor my next tutorial I went with some more sketches for designs based on the feedback given. Some of the design included photography of where I catch the bus in a ‘David Hockney’ photo montage style. I had by then recorded how long you wait until you get on the bus depend-ing on which 4 points on the road you stand on.

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My Journey Home

Initial DesignFor my pin up critique, I showed my final design of how I get to university. However some of the feedback was quite negative as people were unsure where the bus stop was or where it was going. Some other comments suggested I should show where I live and when I get to uni, the timing is also not that necessary.

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My Journey Home

Design DevelopmentDue to the feedback I tailored the design to fit the comments and advise; I removed the timings and didn’t add an arrow to either side of the line due to the fact that my journey is the same either way you follow the line. I included a start and ending point, my halls of residence being at the top and the graphic design building at the bottom. I also created the design in Illustrator following the computer workshops. If I were to do the project again I think I would look at people watching on the bus, as I feel my design Idea is quite simple and now more weeks have passed, the course has taught me to look at more creative approaches to design.

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Project 2:Life & Death

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Life & Death

BriefChoosing the right time to overtake a lorry on a

busy road can mean the difference between life and death. With this in mind visually reinterpret two

images to appear on two rear panels of a lorry’s doors. The left side must represent life, while the

right represents death. The objective is to visualise a clear and meaningful graphic statement

about life and death.

Use Adobe Illustrator to complete the final visual.

My ThoughtsMy initial thoughts on the brief was to think about imagery that contrasts each other, such as a life flower and one that has wilted. I used the Visual Thesaurus by Goveia & Hatmaker (Picture to left), to brainstorm ideas and thoughts that could help me think of imagery.From the book my thoughts differed from plants and animals, to birth, health and catastrophes which have caused death.I found the tool really helpful in generating ideas so I decided to go on to create mind maps and sketches.

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Life & Death

Mind MapI used a mind map to brainstorm ideas that could be visualised on the back of a lorry, writing down notes that could be on either side such as before and after pictures of events such as Chernobyl.Writing down my ideas also helped me think of other branches I could explore for example hospitals gave me the idea to look at diseases and illnesses which could link to current issues such as the Ebola outbreak.I then chose my favourite ideas and created some initial sketches to show.

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Life & Death

Tutorial AdviseThe advise and feedback given in my tutorial was to start to think about how to develop the ideas and make it more symbolic. For example on the sketch with the heart beat the feedback was to think about medical equipment and hospitals, also the idea of injections: jabs can save your life whereas people on death row have lethal injections. The idea of the cigarettes and grave was liked however the group told me I could relate it to current issues and the new E-cigarette on the market.

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Life & DeathTruck TemplateWe were given a truck template that was photocopied to draw on illustrator because the original was lob sided and unclear. As this was my first time using illustrator outside Eden’s workshops I found it a struggle to complete but I finally finished it and pleased with the results.I decided to fill in the lights and metal bars with colour to brighten up the white space and compliment the coloured panels.The task really helped me get my head around the tools on illustrator and begin to learn where everything was placed.

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Life & DeathInitial Design & DevelopmentFrom my feedback on my design ideas I began to look down the hospital route and thought of the birth and death tags you are given to identify your-self. Instead of showing the whole body which would be unnecessary I decid-ed to crop the image and just show the import parts. When I went to the pin-up crit the feedback on my final piece was positive however I was advise to change the colour and hues slightly on the right pan-el and also make the backgrounds stronger on the panels as it was hard to see the heartbeats.

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Project 3Through the Letterbox

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Through the Letterbox

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Article 3- SummaryRichest 1% of people own nearly half of global wealth, says report

China has the most people in the top 10% of global wealth holders than any other country. The richest 1% of the worlds population are getting wealthier, owning 48% of global wealth, growing inequal-ity can trigger recessions. You only need $3,650-including the value of equity in your home to be among the richest half of the population. However, more than $77,000 is required to be a member of the top 10% of global wealth holders, and $798,000 to belong to the top 1%. The bottom half of the global population own less than 1% of the total wealth, in contrast, the richest hold 87% of the worlds wealth. The UK was the only

country in the G7 to have recorded rising inequality in the 21st century.

Anti-poverty campaigners

Oxfam published

research that the richest 85

people across the globe share

a combined wealth of £1tn.

As much as the poorest 3.5

billion of the worlds

population.

In poor countries rising inequality means the difference between children getting the chance to go to school and sick people getting life saving medicines. The pattern of wealth distribution in the UK is typical for a deveoped economy. Almost 60% of the population has wealth exceeding $100,000 and there are two million US dollar millionaires. China now has more people in the top 10% of global wealth holders than any other country except for the US and Japan, having moved into third place in the rankings by overtaking France, Germany, Italy and the UK.

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BriefThis assignment encourages you to start to think like a Graphic Designer.This way of thinking requires that you constantly observe, question, explore and form opinions about the environment in which you live. It also means that you understand that your opinions may differ from others.The essence is that if you want to effectively visually communicate to anaudience it is vital that you are clear as to what you want to say, who youwant to say it to and how you want to say it.

Select from one of the three newspaper articles provided you. Summarise the key points. Research the background to the story and form an opinion about it. Produce a visual message that expresses your opinion to a chosen target audience.

Your final piece must be able to be posted. It must accommodate roomfor an address, stamp and postal mark. It must also be able to fit througha letterbox measuring 250mm x 50mm. Consider though that your workmight be bigger (paper folding). You must also demonstrate that you havein some way used Adobe Illustrator and/or InDesign.

My OpinionMy first thoughts on the articles was between either RIPA or Global Weath. I

finally decided to go with the Global wealth article as after doing mind maps for both I generated more ideas for the latter.

My favourite ideas that I thought I could work with best was child poverty and wealth inequality.

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Mind MapIn my mind map I wrote down my thoughts, ideas and facts mainly about wealth inequality and poverty in the UK.I decided to think about what sort of audience my project would be aimed at in order to decide which websites and articles would be most relevant for me to read.

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ResearchFrom my research I found many articles often had videos of info-graphics simplifying the key facts of wealth inequality, I found some of the facts shocking and was very unaware myself at the vast differences of wealth in this country.I really wanted to focus my project on the UK as people are more likely to be bothered about a leaflet on our country than somewhere oversees.The video was also created in may 2014 therefore the information can be assumed to be up to date and reliable. The website which it is posted on is also an academic website and the sources are unbiased and informative.

Key Facts• The average wage in the UK is £12 an hour• The richest 1% of the UK have the same amount of income as 55% of the bottom earners• Wages for top bosses nearly doubled over the past decade while the wages of ordinary workers remained the same

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Key Facts• The top 1% of earners – now pocket 10p in every pound of income paid in Britain• The poorest half of the population take home only 18p of every pound between them• According to a report published this week by the Resolution Foundation thinktank

Key Facts• People in the bottom 10% of the population have on average a net income of £8,628 where-as The top 10% have net incomes almost ten times that (£80,240)• In 2011, the top 1% had an average income of £248,480 and the top 0.1% had an average income of £922,433

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Through the LetterboxTitle: How the Rich Get RicherChannel Name: Channel 4Date: Monday 17 Nov 2014 at 20:00Description: Channel 4 Dispatches: Spectator Editor Fraser Nelson exposes a growing inequality in British society, exploring new gulfs in earnings, education, prospects and life expectancy. [S]

Research: How the Rich Get RicherThe video was broadcast on the 17th November 2014, on channel 4’s renowned programme ‘Dispatches’, therefore the content will be reliable and current.The programme was very interesting and picked up on some key problems with wealth inequality, such as the fact you can be better off living on benefits than working on minimum wage. It was also interesting to discover how education can influence where you are on the income scale, for example people at the top of the scale and in more powerful jobs have in fact attended private schools and boarding schools, such as the majority of cabinet members. Another topic picked up on was Zero hour contracts, these types of contracts are unreliable and workers can often be told that they aren’t needed anymore making them unable to provide food and support their families.

Box of Broadcast

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Title: How Rich Are You?Channel Name: Channel 4Date: Monday 10 Nov 2014 at 20:00Description: In an age polarised between the rich and poor, this one-off special hosted by Richard Bacon illustrates where each of us stands on the great money map of Britain. [S]

Box of Broadcast

Research: How Rich Are You?The programme used an audience of adults from mixed working back-grounds to participate in discussions about pay, wealth and taxes. One of the experts on the show Doctor Faiza Shaheen, a researcher for New Economics Foundation, explained to the audience through info graphics and facts how the economy works and why their is such a wide pay gap. It was interesting to discover that the average person on minimum wage is actually above the top 25% of earners and the average income of a GP is around £100,000 a year. The history of the pay gap in Britain from 1810 was shown through a number of clips and showed that in 1910 the richest 10% in Britain owned 92% of the wealth, until the war came where the country got poorer and the gap became smaller reaching the most equal it has ever been in 1970. It wasn’t until 1980 when Margaret Thatcher replaced workers with machines that the pay gap rose again and the richest owned 72% of wealth.

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Design IdeasI did a few sketches on ways to inform people through the letterbox, most of my designs focused on using shocking facts to grab the homeowners attention. The designs used a mixture of photography, illustration and info graphics.

Crit FeedbackMy feedback from my

peers and tutors was to explore the idea of all

the men holding hands as that was the most

creative and interesting.

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Developed IdeaI decided to do a mock up of how the piece would look as I wanted to see how long it would be and what size to use. The dimensions for the design I used were 5cm x 10cm, however when I folded it, it didn’t line up straight therefore in my design I would have to amend it and consider folding space of around 1mm.As my fact was the top 1% of the UK with the highest income earn as much as... 55% of the bot-tom earners, I decided to cut out 55 men and use the last person as the other half of the fact. The total length of the chain came to 275cm, the sheer length of the piece really makes an impact.

Crit FeedbackThe feedback was

positive for the design however I was told to

think about a use for the piece and what I

wanted the audience to do.

Another comment was to perhaps make a

jigsaw out of the men and attach them

together.

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Through the LetterboxFinal IdeaFrom my tutorial advise I decided to develop the paper chain and use it to persuade the home owners to take it to protest at parliament, where the paper chains can be linked together and wrapped around the Houses of parliament to campaign about raising minimum wage.

Computer DesignsFirstly I drew out my design on illustrator using the line tool, and adding an extra millimetre between the people for fold allowance; however when it came to try and colour it I didn’t know how due to being a beginner on Illustrator. I then went onto Lynda.com where I watched a tutorial on how to fill in the drawing, where I learnt I had in fact used the wrong tool and was meant to have used the pen tool to draw paths. I then took the illustration into Photoshop where I filled in all the people with the bucket tool, however when I zoomed out I realised that the image had become pixilated and didn’t look very professional. Therefore I decided to go back onto illustrator and draw the paths out.

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POLICE POLICE

Final DesignMy final design used the outline of the people in the middle of the chain and coloured people on the first and last two men, I felt as though this emphasised where the facts were and drew the eye to the coloured people. I drew and coloured the chain on Illustrator going over the lines I had already drawn with the pen tool as I had previously been using the line tool.

Feedback & DevelopmentAfter receiving feedback on peoples thoughts on the design the comments

were to fill in all the people with colour. As I had used the wrong tool on Illustrator to begin with I began a long and tedious task drawing out

everybody over again however it was worth the extra effort and time as I was really happy with the finished result.

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CommentsThe purpose of the design would be for a campaign to higher minimum wage and everybody who received the leaflet through the letterbox to meet at the houses of parliament and join together wrapping the chain around the building.If the design were to be produce, in theory the leaflet would have to be printed on a lightweight plastic such as cellophane to avoid rips and rain damage.

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POLICE POLICETHE

RICHEST 1% OF THE UK

EARN AS MUCH AS...

55% OF THE UK

JOIN THE PROTEST

RAISE MINIMUM

WAGEBRING YOUR

LEAFLET TO THE HOUSES OF

PARLIAMEMT ON 21.11.14

FIND OUT MORE AT

WWW.HOLDHANDS.ORG.UK

POLICE POLICETHE


EARN AS MUCH AS...

55% OF THE UK

JOIN THE PROTEST

RAISE MINIMUM

WAGEBRING YOUR



FIND OUT MORE AT


POLICE POLICETHE


EARN AS MUCH AS...

55% OF THE UK

JOIN THE PROTEST

RAISE MINIMUM

WAGEBRING YOUR



FIND OUT MORE AT


POLICE POLICETHE


EARN AS MUCH AS...

55% OF THE UK

JOIN THE PROTEST

RAISE MINIMUM

WAGEBRING YOUR



FIND OUT MORE AT


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POLICE POLICETHE


EARN AS MUCH AS...

55% OF THE UK

JOIN THE PROTEST

RAISE MINIMUM

WAGEBRING YOUR



FIND OUT MORE AT


POLICE POLICETHE


EARN AS MUCH AS...

55% OF THE UK

JOIN THE PROTEST

RAISE MINIMUM

WAGEBRING YOUR



FIND OUT MORE AT


POLICE POLICETHE


EARN AS MUCH AS...

55% OF THE UK

JOIN THE PROTEST

RAISE MINIMUM

WAGEBRING YOUR



FIND OUT MORE AT


Developed DesignThese are the final illustrations of the paper chain, they were all created on illustrator. The first and last two on the chain hold the typography with the fact ‘The richest 1% of the UK earn as much as.../ 55% of the UK’. I also included a secondary part which had the information of what to do with the chain. I used bold typography in black and white for it to stand out against the coloured background, I am really pleased with the final design.

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39Lectures & Seminars

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Week 1 - Non-verbal Communication

Key words• Interpersonal skills- skills we use to communicate and interact with people• Culture- the ideas, customs, and social behaviour of a particular people or society• Visual Literacy- to read an image• Totemism- relations between objects are made to represent the relations between people to a group of people

TheoriesSigmund Freud- Sexual nature

Auteur Theory- When someone’s style comes through in their workPhenomenological- the study of the development of human consciousness

and self-awareness as a preface to or a part of philosophyHermeneutic- the theory of interpretation

Production, distribution, consumption- the social science that studies economic activity to gain an understanding of the processes

Task- Research the Apple logo• DESIGNER: Rob Janoff, Silicon Valley• BORN: Los Angeles, California• FACTS: The original version of the logo was split into 6 colours because it represented the ability for Apple computers to show images in colour • Janoff’s design has been adapted into 6 different designs• Designed based on real dimensions of an ap-ple, the logo has a bite in it to show scale and to differentiate it from a cherry

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Week 2 - Decoding Culture

Key Words and Notes• Semiotics- The theory of signs• Syntagm- relations of signs• Paradigm- relationship of signs• Patterns and structures of signs in the media texts conditioned. Sauccer concerned with communication of language

TheoriesDavid Crow-Visible signs

Russell Bestley- Visual ResearchRoland Barthes 1977- The rhetoric of the image, mythologies, signs and their

connotations of shapes and their messagesUmberto Eco- process of 4 elements

Stuart Hall- 4 stage theory of communicationLaura Mulvey 1975- spectacular, scopophilia (to look or examine), voyeurism

(sexual interest in or practice of spying on people engaged in ntimate behaviours)

Charles S. Pierce (1839-1914) - American philosopher, visual signs, icon, index, symbol

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Week 3 - Advertising

Key words and notes• Colours• Imagery• Commercial propaganda- a message to persuade the reader to act in a certain way• False needs- persuading consumers to buy things they don’t need• Creativity• Commercial culture- products popular in culture• Public perceptions• Infomercials- television commercials which advertise phone numbers or websites• Online advertising

Theorists & WebsitesMediawatch UK- a campaign in the UK which protests against the publication

and broadcast of offensive and harmful content in the mediaShots.net- advertisement form around the world

Vance Packard- the waste makers, the hidden persuadersNaomi Klein- NO LOGO

Greg Myers- “Ads only make sense in the culture around us”Guy Debord- “We live in a spectacular commodity society”

Advertising standards AuthorityP.T. Barnum- ‘Godfather of Advertising”

Edward Bernays- The manipulation of peoples habbitswww.museumofbrands.com

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Week 3 - Advertising

NRS Social Class A- Upper middle class- Higher managerial, administrative` or professional B- Middle class- Immediate managerial, admin or professionalC1- Lower middle class- supervisory, clerical and junior management, administrative and professionalC2- Skilled working class- skilled manual

D- Working class- semi-skilled and unskilled manualE- Non-working- Lowest levels of subsistence, widows, casual workers, unemployed

Task- Research Star Magazine• NAME: Star• PUBLISHER: American Media Inc. (Rupert Murdoch)• FREQUENCY OF PUBLICATION: Weekly• COST: 40P• TARGET AUDIENCE: female Teens/ young adults• FIRST PUBLISHED: 1974• CONTENT TYPE: Celebrity News• ADVERTISING CONTENT: Fashion and beauty• PERSONALITY: Gossip• VALUE FOR MONEY?: Yes• INFORMATION VALUE?: Informative• DESIGN AND QUALITY: Feminine colours, picture ratio, minimalistic style, advertisements of food and beauty are stereotypical

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Week 4 - Creativity & Packaging Design

Key Words and Notes• Cognitive Processes in creativity-Selecting-Relating-combining-Evaluating-Selectively retaining-Communicating• Cognitive approach to creativity-Expertise- knowledge of field but does not always mean creativity-Problem solving-Creativity in problem solving• Considerations for design-Ephemeral-Recycled-Rubbish-Collected-Social, cultural artefact-historical document-Physical-Our relationship with the packaging-contexts of use

“Higher Education has widely been regarded as in-different or even hostile to creativity”- Cropley 2001:139 Creativity in education and learning

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Theorists “Packaging design is the silent salesman”- James Pilditch 1961“In an average day you can expect to have con-tact with around 15,000 trademarked products, if you go to a supermarket rack that up to 35,0000”- Kevin Roberts• www.thedieline.com – packaging design website• Japanese packaging is often modern and current• Stanley Sacharow- writes books on packaging design

Binary oppositionsElite/individual/genius or democratic/sociable/collaborative

Original/from nothing or generic transformativeArts-specific or residing in all human endeavour

Spontaneous or taught and learntUbiquitous or special

Universal or culture-specific

Imaginative and intuitive or knowledge and skills-basedProcess-based or product-led

Ineffable and instinctive or quantifiable and testableEmotional or rational

Banaji (2006) review of literature on creativity in educations

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Group TaskWrite down what you

think some inhibitors and Enablers of creativity

could be

Create a mind map of what you think creativity

is

Make an origami animal

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Week 5 - Photojournalism

Key facts and notes• Black and white photos or coloured images can provoke different emotions• Photojournalism emerged as a form in the late 1920’s early 1930’s• Hand held cameras such as the Ermanox and the Leica were able to cap-tured fast moving events• Government photos are censored• Major events in newspapers often fill the front page and have a black border• Televised news has buffer stories to replace in case of breaking news• Illustrations and diagrams can be seen in newspapers when photos cannot be shown for example court cases• Unwanted people are often edited out of photographs• People can win prizes and awards for photographs

Theorists & photographers

Kevin Carter- Famous photo of the vulture preying on the African Child

1993 won the Pulitzer Prize (Photo to left)

Greg Marinovich- photojournalist, publisher of the Bang-Bang club with

photos of hidden warEd Muybridge- Pioneer of movement

in photography Arthur ‘Weggee’ Fellig- Crime

photographer

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Week 5 - Photojournalism

Group TaskWe went into groups and were given a number of products to research. The first item was a plastic eagle with the words ‘Gussi Eagle Eau de toilette’ at the base, when we typed this into google we went onto many websites and discovered that it was a Chinese market copy of Gucci’s Eagle perfume.We discovered the second item was a vintage knitting container, designed to fit wool inside and to measure needles from the holes in the base.

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WorkshopPerfect Bookbinding

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Workshop- Perfect Bookbinding

Basic BookbindingPaper grain: ascertain which way the paper fibres run. You can do this by- 1. Flexing the paper: Gently bend the paper in each direction- the least resistant is the grain2. Tearing: tear a spare piece of paper in both directions- the one which creates a straighter line is the grain direction3. Wetting: wet a spare sheet of paper along the top and the side edge- it will ripple against the grain and curl with.

Mark the grain with an arrow once this is established, the grain direction must always run from the head to tail of the book.

1. Check paper grain2. Make sure the paper on the spine is aligned3. Add at least 2 extra pieces of paper to each side of the book4. Place spine down in the binding press5. Glue the spine in both directions6. Leave glue to dry in press7. Remove from press and tear away extra pages8. Apply thread in loops down spine

Depending on your cover material either:

Soft cover:1. Glue a paper strip against spine2. Tip in end papers3. Leave under weight with 5mm of spine protruding

Hard case:1. Glue mull against spine, slightly larger in width2. Apply a second piece, slightly shorter but with the same width3. Glue a paper strip the exact width of the spine4. Tip in end papers5. Leave under weight with 5mm of spine protruding

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Workshop- Perfect Bookbinding

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55

Software Demonstration

Sessions

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Software Demonstration Sessions

Illustrator Week 1I found doing the illustrator tasks quite difficult due to the fact it was my first time using the software.I found the burger logo quite easy to make after following the tutors instructions, and the fish was quite simple just changing the stroke style of the pencil however the ‘MOTO LAND ASIA’ logo took my several attempts to join the two circles together as I found it hard to create symmetry.

the

BURGER

FACTORY

Fishork

MOTO LAND ASIA

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AIllustrator Week 2For the second demonstration session we learnt how to create shadows on objects and letters.We were then asked to create an App./Logo about ourselves; I decided to use an A and an illustration of a Clementine because that’s the first initial of my name and Clementine is my middle name.I decided to use green to compliment the orange of the Clementine. The session also helped me develop my skills using the pen tool as that’s how I created the Clementine and how I cut the second square on top.

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InDesign Week 1We were first shown how to use the basic tools and how to create a document with numerous pages so that we had basic skills of how to use InDesign; I found this particularly useful due to the fact that I had no experience using the software.For our task we were asked to make a business card focusing on how we wanted to brand ourselves to employers. I used the basic business card measurements and used my logo I created in a previous Illustrator session.

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IN THE JUNGLE

Your Guide to MakeupStep by step top drugstore products

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InDesign Week 2For week two we were shown how to fit text and photos to grids, and lay it out in a publishing style. We used place holder text to fill in the text boxes, which is a tool used by publishers to fill in the space where text will be fitted whilst designing the rest of the layout.We were also shown how to change the colours of the photos between RGB and CMYK for print and web and how to improve the clarity of a photo using display performance.

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61Gallery Visits

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Gallery Visits

Victoria & Albert MuseumWe went to an exhibition called ‘Disobedient Objects’ which showed items aimed at protesting problems in society; The exhibition was very interesting and gave me inspiration for my project ‘through the letterbox’ as the protests were done in a creative style.

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Gallery Visits

Book Bloc’sMy favourite piece from the exhibition was the book shield; the item was made from two pieces of cardboard stuck together with a handle at the back and a book design on the front. The book bloc’s are used in Education cut protests, which I believe was used to symbolise that the cuts are affecting our future. The book bloc’s mainly feature covers of old literature and famous books, which could represent that without education we cannot aspire to greatness and create a mark in history.

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Gallery Visits

Science & Industry MuseumWhilst in London I went to visit the Science and Industry museum where they had an exhibition on about 3D printing, I loved the exhibition it was really interesting to learn about the printing process and look at some of the intricate designs made. The particular photo underneath shows toys being made with the printing process and how detailed the final outcome is.

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Gallery Visits

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Bibliography

References• “Research for the book- It’s a weapon” - The New Yorker. [online] The New Yorker. Available at: http://www.newyorker.com/books/page-turner/reach-for-the-bookit-is-a-weapon [Accessed 27 Nov. 2014].• Equalitytrust.org.uk, (2014). The scale of economic inequality in the UK. [on-line] Available at: http://www.equalitytrust.org.uk/about-inequality/scale-and-trends/scale-economic-inequality-uk [Accessed 27 Nov. 2014].• Goveia, C. (2003). Visual thesaurus. Gloucester, Mass.: Rockport.• Gymtopia, (2014). Giving homeless people a future. [online] Available at: http://www.gymtopia.org/story/giving-homeless-people-a-future [Accessed 27 Nov. 2014].• Inequalitybriefing.org, (2014). Briefing 48: The richest 1% of the UK population have as much wealth as the poorest 55% combined | Inequality Briefing. [on-line] Available at: http://inequalitybriefing.org/brief/briefing-48-the-richest-1-of-the-uk-population-have-as-much-wealth-as-the-p [Accessed 27 Nov. 2014].• Neweconomics.org, (2014). Watch: the shocking truth about UK income inequality. [online] Available at: http://www.neweconomics.org/blog/entry/watch-the-shocking-truth-about-uk-income-inequality [Accessed 27 Nov. 2014].• Pdfmagazines.org, (2014). [online] Available at: http://www.pdfmagazines.org/uploads/posts/2014-04/1396895986_star-magazine-14-april-2014-1.jpg [Ac-cessed 27 Nov. 2014].• Policy & Practice, (2014). Poverty in the UK | Oxfam GB | Policy & Practice. [online] Available at: http://policy-practice.oxfam.org.uk/our-work/poverty-in-the-uk [Accessed 27 Nov. 2014].• Poverty.ac.uk, (2014). How to boost the wage share | Poverty and Social Ex-clusion. [online] Available at: http://www.poverty.ac.uk/editorial/how-boost-wage-share [Accessed 27 Nov. 2014].• Stewart, H. (2013). Shocking figures reveal the growth in UK's wealth gap. [on-line] the Guardian. Available at: http://www.theguardian.com/society/2013/

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feb/10/uk-super-rich-richer-as-majority-squeezed [Accessed 27 Nov. 2014].• Upload.wikimedia.org, (2014). [online] Available at: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh-yue/a/ab/Apple-logo.png [Accessed 27 Nov. 2014].• YouTube, (2014). Income inequality in the UK. [online] Available at: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Oj2LA8rEqQ4 [Accessed 27 Nov. 2014].

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Documents

Introductory Studies