Invited Presentation for the Invited Presentation for the

Texas Higher Education Coordinating BoardTexas Higher Education Coordinating Board2006 Governing Board Conference2006 Governing Board Conference

Prepared by thePrepared by the National Forum on Higher Education for the Public Good National Forum on Higher Education for the Public Good

Center for the Study of Higher and Postsecondary Education Center for the Study of Higher and Postsecondary Education University of MichiganUniversity of Michigan

November 7, 2006November 7, 2006

Thriving in Coldwater: Elaborating The Benefits of Higher Elaborating The Benefits of Higher

Education in TexasEducation in Texas

truth, integrity, a place of learning, truth, integrity, a place of learning, trusttrust, , objectivity, citizenship, objectivity, citizenship, public servicepublic service, , truth, integrity, a place of learning, trust, truth, integrity, a place of learning, trust, objectivity, citizenship, public service, objectivity, citizenship, public service, truth, truth, integrityintegrity, a place of , a place of learninglearning, trust, , trust, objectivity, citizenship, public service, objectivity, citizenship, public service, truth, integrity, a place of learning, trust, truth, integrity, a place of learning, trust, objectivityobjectivity, citizenship, integrity, , citizenship, integrity, respect respect for truthfor truth,, a place of learning, trust, a place of learning, trust, objectivity, objectivity, citizenshipcitizenship, public service, , public service, truth, integrity, a place of learning, trust, truth, integrity, a place of learning, trust, objectivity, objectivity, participationparticipation, citizenship, public , citizenship, public service, truth, integrity, a place of learning, service, truth, integrity, a place of learning, trust, objectivity, trust, objectivity, a more perfect uniona more perfect union, , citizenship, public service, truth, integrity, citizenship, public service, truth, integrity, a place of learning, a place of learning, communitycommunity, trust, , trust, objectivity, citizenship, public service, objectivity, citizenship, public service, truth, integrity, a place of learning, truth, integrity, a place of learning, future future securitysecurity, trust, objectivity, citizenship, , trust, objectivity, citizenship, public service, truth, integrity, a place of public service, truth, integrity, a place of learning, trust, objectivity, citizenship, learning, trust, objectivity, citizenship, public service, truth, integrity, a place of public service, truth, integrity, a place of learning, learning,

Coldwater, MichiganColdwater, Michigan

……to increase awareness, understanding, to increase awareness, understanding, commitment, and actioncommitment, and action

relative to the public role of higher education in the United States

67%

70%

71%

76%

19%

18%

16%

16%

17%

16%

15%

16%

15%

14%

65%

64%

63%

61%

61%

57%

54%

13%

Attracting people to the state

Creating a sense of state pride

Keeping young people in the state

Bringing money into the state

Good quality of life

Attracting businesses & employers

Keeping the state's economy strong

Creating jobs

Enhance research & technology

Technologically competitive

Well-trained workforce in state

Fairly important Very important

Why Do Higher Education Why Do Higher Education Institutions Matter?Institutions Matter?

Source: The American Council on Education

Please tell me how important good public colleges and universities are to each of the following:

89%

85%

85%

83%

80%

80%

80%

77%

77%

75%

73%

What should a student gain from college?(% saying "absolutely essential"…)

71%

68%

63%

61%

60%

57%

44%

32%

What Should Students Get Out What Should Students Get Out of College?of College?

Source: The National Center for Public Policy & Higher Education

A sense of maturity and how to manage on their own

An ability to get along with people different from themselves

An improved ability to solve problems and think analytically

Learning hi-tech skills, such as using computers and the Internet

Specific expertise and knowledge in careers they have chosen

Top-notch writing and speaking skills

Responsibilities of citizenship, such as voting and volunteering

Exposure to great writers and thinkers in subjects like literature and history

Benefits of Higher EducationBenefits of Higher Education

Private and Public Private and Public Economic BenefitsEconomic Benefits

Higher Education Benefits ModelHigher Education Benefits Model

ECONOMIC

PRIVATE

Increased Tax Revenues Greater Productivity Increased Consumption Increased Workforce Flexibility Decreased Reliance on Government Financial Support

Reduced Crime Rates Increased Charitable Giving / Community Service Increased Quality of Civic Life Social Cohesion / Appreciation of Diversity Improved Ability to Adapt to and Use Technology

Improved Health / Life Expectancy Improved Quality of Life for Offspring Better Consumer Decision Making Increased Personal Status More Hobbies / Leisure Activities

Higher Salaries and Benefits Employment Higher Savings Levels Improved Working Conditions Personal / Professional Mobility

PUBLIC

SOCIAL

Source: Institute for Higher Education Policy (1998). Reaping the Benefits: Defining the Public and Private Value of Going to College. Available online at http://www.ihep.org/Pubs/PDF/Reap.pdf

Benefits of Higher EducationBenefits of Higher Education

Personal HealthPersonal Health

Source: Institute for Higher Education Policy. http://www.ihep.com

Percent of population 25 & older who described their health as good, very good, or excellent in March 2004

Texas compared to U.S.

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

Less than highschool

High schooldiploma

Some college Bachelor'sdegree

Advanceddegree

US Texas

Benefits of Higher EducationBenefits of Higher Education

Volunteerism Volunteerism

Source: Institute for Higher Education Policy. http://www.ihep.com

Percent of population 25 & older who reported ever volunteering for an organization in September 2004

Texas compared to U.S.

0%5%

10%15%20%25%30%35%40%

Less than high school High school diploma Some college Bachelor's degree

US Texas

Benefits of Higher EducationBenefits of Higher Education

Voting BehaviorVoting Behavior

Source: Institute for Higher Education Policy. http://www.ihep.com

Percent of population 25 & older who voted in the November 2000 election Texas compared to U.S.

0%

10%

20%30%

40%

50%

60%70%

80%

90%

Less than highschool

High schooldiploma

Some college Bachelor'sdegree

Advanceddegree

US Texas

Additional Social BenefitsAdditional Social Benefits

More education, less smokingMore education, less smoking More education, more book salesMore education, more book sales More education, less likely to be incarceratedMore education, less likely to be incarcerated More education, greater intercultural competenceMore education, greater intercultural competence More education in one generation, more in the nextMore education in one generation, more in the next More educated residents, more attractive communities, More educated residents, more attractive communities,

magnets for diversity, entrepreneurs, less crime, more magnets for diversity, entrepreneurs, less crime, more support for the arts, more tourismsupport for the arts, more tourism

Understanding Individual and Benefits in Understanding Individual and Benefits in an Ecological Frameworkan Ecological Framework

Local

National

Global

State

Global Comparisons:Global Comparisons:Comparing International Investments Comparing International Investments

and Educational Outcomesand Educational Outcomes

Global Comparisons:Global Comparisons:Comparing International Investments Comparing International Investments

and Educational Outcomesand Educational Outcomes

Working age U.S citizens 25-64 (28.9% have degrees) Working age U.S citizens 25-64 (28.9% have degrees) US ranks 1st

Investments in higher education as share of GDP (2.7%) Investments in higher education as share of GDP (2.7%) US ranks 1st

Percent of HS Graduates Prepared for Tertiary Education US ranks 4th

Source: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) (2005) Education at a Glance.

Global Comparisons:Global Comparisons:Comparing International Investments Comparing International Investments

and Educational Outcomesand Educational OutcomesLooking More Closely at Investments in Higher EducationLooking More Closely at Investments in Higher Education

Of the 2.7% GDP investment, only 0.9% is public: Of the 2.7% GDP investment, only 0.9% is public: 12th

Current Degree Attainment (32.9%): Current Degree Attainment (32.9%): 12th

Advanced Graduate Level Degrees Awarded: Advanced Graduate Level Degrees Awarded: 14th

US is US is 1st1st in terms of degrees granted in Social Sciences, in terms of degrees granted in Social Sciences, Business, and Law….but in EngineeringBusiness, and Law….but in Engineering 28th

Percent prepared for all postsecondary education Percent prepared for all postsecondary education 6th

Source: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) (2005) Education at a Glance.

State by State Comparisons:State by State Comparisons:Texas in the Region* and NationTexas in the Region* and Nation

TX is TX is 2nd2nd in US Population (22.3 million) in US Population (22.3 million)

TX is TX is 3535thth in median household income ($42,139); 6 in median household income ($42,139); 6 thth in the region in the region behind MD, VA, DE, GA, & FLbehind MD, VA, DE, GA, & FL

TX is TX is 1919thth nationally in terms of state and local investment in higher nationally in terms of state and local investment in higher education per capita ($258); 7education per capita ($258); 7 thth in the region behind NC, LA, MS, GA, in the region behind NC, LA, MS, GA, AL, & KYAL, & KY

TX is TX is 2929thth nationally in the % of people 25 years and over with nationally in the % of people 25 years and over with Bachelors or above; 4Bachelors or above; 4thth in the region behind MD, VA, DE, & GA in the region behind MD, VA, DE, & GA

* Region is defined by the 16 states that comprise the Southern Regional Education Board

Source: US Census Bureau (2006). Factfinder. The National Center for Higher Education Management Systems (2006) at http://www.higheredinfo.org.

Texas

Montana

Utah

California

Idaho

Nevada

Arizona

Oregon

Iowa

Colorado

Wyoming

Kansas

New Mexico

Minnesota

Illinois Ohio

Nebraska

Missouri

Georgia

Oklahoma

Washington

South Dakota

North Dakota

WisconsinMaine

Alabama

Arkansas

New York

Virginia

Indiana

Michigan

Louisiana

Kentucky

Tennessee

Pennsylvania

North Carolina

Florida

Mississippi

Michigan

South Carolina

West Virginia

Vermont

Maryland

New Jersey

New Hampshire

MassachusettsConnecticut

Delaware

0 480 960240 Miles

Percent Bachelor's or Above

States

15% - 20%

21% - 23%

24% - 27%

28% - 30%

31% - 39% µ

Degree Attainment by State, Census 2000

Texas Educational AttainmentTexas Educational Attainment

Public Colleges and Universities by Public Colleges and Universities by Level of Educational AttainmentLevel of Educational Attainment

Cameron County

Community Matters…Community Matters…Travis County

The New Economy is Global, Regional & LocalThe New Economy is Global, Regional & Local

2002 New Economy Index Score: National Average and Southern Regional Education Board States

40.7

40.9

41.7

45.3

45.9

48.6

51.1

52.2

54.1

57.5

60.1

60.3

62.7

67.6

70.5

72.1

75.6

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

West Virginia

Missippi

Arkansas

Alabama

Louisiana

Kentucky

South Carolina

Tennessee

Oklahoma

North Carolina

Georgia

United States

Florida

Texas

Delaware

Virginia

Maryland

What is Being Done?What is Being Done?

State policy initiativesState policy initiatives Community based strategiesCommunity based strategies National effortsNational efforts

Community Based StrategiesCommunity Based Strategies

Access to Democracy Access to Democracy

The Access to Democracy project is a statewide initiative The Access to Democracy project is a statewide initiative intended to engage students, civic leaders, and community intended to engage students, civic leaders, and community members in dialogues on the issues of access and quality members in dialogues on the issues of access and quality in higher education. in higher education.

The Access to Democracy initiative represents an The Access to Democracy initiative represents an intentional intersection of intentional intersection of "Grass-roots" and "Grass-"Grass-roots" and "Grass-tops" tops" efforts. efforts.

Community Based StrategiesCommunity Based Strategies

Access to Democracy Access to Democracy

Views Expressed in Community DialoguesViews Expressed in Community Dialogues

Attempts to enhance college access should begin at the K-12 levelAttempts to enhance college access should begin at the K-12 level

Teachers and parents play an important role in shaping the views and Teachers and parents play an important role in shaping the views and aspirations of studentsaspirations of students

Some students who are qualified get into college and perform well but Some students who are qualified get into college and perform well but have had to leave because they could not afford it have had to leave because they could not afford it

Everyone should have the opportunity to go to college, but not Everyone should have the opportunity to go to college, but not everyone should have a degreeeveryone should have a degree

The Benefits of Higher Education are: The Benefits of Higher Education are:

Private, Economic, Social Private, Economic, Social andand Public Public

Higher Education Benefits ModelHigher Education Benefits Model

ECONOMIC

PRIVATE

Increased Tax Revenues Greater Productivity Increased Consumption Increased Workforce Flexibility Decreased Reliance on Government Financial Support

Reduced Crime Rates Increased Charitable Giving / Community Service Increased Quality of Civic Life Social Cohesion / Appreciation of Diversity Improved Ability to Adapt to and Use Technology

Improved Health / Life Expectancy Improved Quality of Life for Offspring Better Consumer Decision Making Increased Personal Status More Hobbies / Leisure Activities

Higher Salaries and Benefits Employment Higher Savings Levels Improved Working Conditions Personal / Professional Mobility

PUBLIC

SOCIAL

Source: Institute for Higher Education Policy (1998). Reaping the Benefits: Defining the Public and Private Value of Going to College. Available online at http://www.ihep.org/Pubs/PDF/Reap.pdf

truth, integrity, a place of learning, truth, integrity, a place of learning, trusttrust, , objectivity, citizenship, objectivity, citizenship, public servicepublic service, , truth, integrity, a place of learning, trust, truth, integrity, a place of learning, trust, objectivity, citizenship, public service, objectivity, citizenship, public service, truth, truth, integrityintegrity, a place of , a place of learninglearning, trust, , trust, objectivity, citizenship, public service, objectivity, citizenship, public service, truth, integrity, a place of learning, trust, truth, integrity, a place of learning, trust, objectivityobjectivity, citizenship, integrity, , citizenship, integrity, respect respect for truthfor truth,, a place of learning, trust, a place of learning, trust, objectivity, objectivity, citizenshipcitizenship, public service, , public service, truth, integrity, a place of learning, trust, truth, integrity, a place of learning, trust, objectivity, objectivity, participationparticipation, citizenship, public , citizenship, public service, truth, integrity, a place of learning, service, truth, integrity, a place of learning, trust, objectivity, trust, objectivity, a more perfect uniona more perfect union, , citizenship, public service, truth, integrity, citizenship, public service, truth, integrity, a place of learning, a place of learning, communitycommunity, trust, , trust, objectivity, citizenship, public service, objectivity, citizenship, public service, truth, integrity, a place of learning, truth, integrity, a place of learning, future future securitysecurity, trust, objectivity, citizenship, , trust, objectivity, citizenship, public service, truth, integrity, a place of public service, truth, integrity, a place of learning, trust, objectivity, citizenship, learning, trust, objectivity, citizenship, public service, truth, integrity, a place of public service, truth, integrity, a place of learning, learning,

The New Tourism is Simultaneously The New Tourism is Simultaneously Physical and InternationalPhysical and International

Smart is the New Water Smart is the New Water

AuthorsAuthors

Christopher Baldwin is a doctoral student with the Center for the Christopher Baldwin is a doctoral student with the Center for the Study of Higher and Postsecondary Education at the University of Study of Higher and Postsecondary Education at the University of MichiganMichigan

Nathan Daun-Barnett is a doctoral candidate and research analyst with Nathan Daun-Barnett is a doctoral candidate and research analyst with the Center for the Study of Higher and Postsecondary Education at the the Center for the Study of Higher and Postsecondary Education at the University of MichiganUniversity of Michigan

John C. Burkhardt is a professor of higher education at the University John C. Burkhardt is a professor of higher education at the University of Michiganof Michigan

……