IONIC BONDING When an atom of a nonmetal takes one or more electrons from an atom of a metal so both atoms end up with eight valence electrons

IONIC BONDINGIONIC BONDING

When an atom of a nonmetaltakes one or more electrons

from an atom of a metalso both atoms end up with

eight valence electrons


IS THE COMPOUND AN IONIC COMPOUND?

METALMETAL NONMETAL

SUBSCRIPTS


ION – any atom with more orless electrons than it is

supposed to have causing the atom to have a charge (+) or (-)*

*Remember that the number of electronsis supposed to be equal to the number ofProtons if the atom has a neutral charge


The Octet Rule

Atoms tend to gain, lose, or share electrons in order to acquire a full set of valence electrons


Metals will tend to lose Metals will tend to lose electrons and becomeelectrons and become

POSITIVE CATIONSPOSITIVE CATIONS

Normal sodium atom loses one electron to become sodium ion


Nonmetals will tend to gain Nonmetals will tend to gain electrons and becomeelectrons and become

NEGATIVE ANIONSNEGATIVE ANIONS

Normal chlorine atom gains one electron to become a chloride ion

NaNa+1 +1 is called a sodium ionis called a sodium ion

The The ++1 symbol means it1 symbol means it

has has lostlost one electron one electron


MgMg+2 +2 is called a magnesium ionis called a magnesium ion

The The ++2 symbol means it2 symbol means it

has has lostlost two electrons two electrons


SS-2 -2 is called a sulfis called a sulfideide ion ion

The The --2 symbol means it2 symbol means it

has has gained gained two electronstwo electrons


ClCl-1 -1 is called a chloris called a chlorideide ion ion

The The --1 symbol means it1 symbol means it

has has gainedgained one electron one electron


To find the chemical formula forTo find the chemical formula for

an ionic compoundan ionic compound


•Write the ion formula for the cation first•Write the ion formula for the anion next

•criss-cross the charge numbers to become subscripts


becomes

To find the name of an ionic To find the name of an ionic compoundcompound


•Name the positive element (metal) first•Name the negative element (nonmetal) last•Change the ending of the nonmetal to “-ide”


aluminum oxygen

aluminum oxide

REVIEW QUESTIONSREVIEW QUESTIONS

1.1. What part of the atom is involved in ionic What part of the atom is involved in ionic bonding?bonding?

2.2. Ionic compounds are made of one Ionic compounds are made of one element that is a __________ and one element that is a __________ and one

element that is a ____________.element that is a ____________.

3.3. What is an ion?What is an ion?


4. Metals will _______ electrons and 4. Metals will _______ electrons and become ions with a __________ charge.become ions with a __________ charge.

5. Non metals will _______ electrons and 5. Non metals will _______ electrons and become ions with a ________ charge.become ions with a ________ charge.

6. An ion with a +3 charge means the atom 6. An ion with a +3 charge means the atom has _________________ electrons.has _________________ electrons.


7. An ion with a -2 charge means that the 7. An ion with a -2 charge means that the atoms has _______________ electrons.atoms has _______________ electrons.

8. The formula for potassium chloride would 8. The formula for potassium chloride would be ______________.be ______________.

9. The name of the chemical Al9. The name of the chemical Al22OO33 would be would be

________________________.________________________.

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IONIC BONDING When an atom of a nonmetal takes one or more electrons from an atom of a metal so both atoms end up with eight valence electrons