Iron Steel Ind in China

8/13/2019 Iron Steel Ind in China

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Iron & steel industry in China

Quit

What are the locational

changes in the iron and

steel industry in China?


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Quit

How important is the iron and steelindustry in China?

Iron and steel industry is a very important industry

because it provides basic _____________ used by

many other industries.

raw materials

Iron and steelindustry is very

important to

China too.

Do you know

what Chinasrank in the

world is in

terms of steel

production?


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Major crude steel

producers in the world,

2005

Which bar

shows Chinas

data?

SouthKorea

RussiaUSAJapanChina

What is Chinas

share in world

steel production?

______%30.9


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Quit


Major net importers

of steel, 2004

Although China

produces a lot

of steel, it still

needs to import

plenty of steel to

meet domestic

demand.

ItalyIranThailandUSA China

What is Chinas

rank as a net

importer of steel

in the world?

Why does China

need to produce

and consume

so much steel?


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What is the spatial distribution of the ironand steel industry in China?

1950sIn this period,

iron and steel

works were

mainlyconcentrated in

the __________,

for example,

north-east

What were the

major locational

factors of the

iron and steelindustry in China

during this

period?

Anshan


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Locational effectMajor locational factors

_______________

To save

transport costs- iron ore

- limestone

They are heavy and

______

Locate near to iron ore fields

_______________-oriented


1950s

Raw materials

bulky

Raw material


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________________

To save

transport costs- coalIt is heavy and _________

Locate near to coal mines

______________-oriented


1950s

Power resources bulky

Power


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Anshan

1950sEarly 1950s to late 1970s


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Raw materials Raw material-oriented


Early 1950s to late 1970s

Power resources Power-oriented


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_____________ policyGovernment

- _________ reasons:avoid industries from

being attacked

- _________ reasons:

~ balance economicdevelopment~ relieve the problem of

overpopulation in the

coastal regions

strategic

social

_______ shift of industriesInland


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Government policy is a particularly

important locational factor in China not

only in this period but also in the laterperiod. Do you know why?

It is because the economy in China is

________________.

Most iron and steel works are_______________.

state-planned

state-owned

& C


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How does the

distribution ofiron and steel

works change

during this

period?

There is ageneral shift to

the ________

regions.

coastal


1970sEarly 2000s

Can you namesome of the

major iron and

steel centres?

What are themajor locational

factors of iron

and steel

industry in

China nowadays?

1980s to the present

Shanghai

BeijingAnshan

I & t l i d t i Chi


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Government policy

- _______ policy

- the policy of having

some regions

developed first

open

Shift of industries to the

_________ regionscoastal


I & t l i d t i Chi


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_______________

advancements

- use of newfurnaces

Technological Less coal and iron ore are used


The locational importance of_________________ and_____________ decreases

- _______ iron canbe used

The locational importance of________ and ___________________ increases

raw materialspower resources

scrap

market

- use of ________carriers and betterrailway transport

bulk

Lower transport costs of powerresources and raw materials

coastal

location

I & t l i d t i Chi


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export

import



Why does the

coastal

locationbecome more

important?

It is because:

it is easier to _______

raw materials from

overseas;

it is easier to _______

finished products to

overseas markets.

I & t l i d t i Chi


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What other

favourable

locational

factors coastal

regions have?



( Small / Big )

markets

_______________economies

Agglomeration



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Shekou Port, Shenzhen

and

Main railway line

Line under construction

Railway junction/

Terminus



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___________

flat land

Extensive

Can get land through

______________reclamation

Water for_________cooling



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East47%

Central35%

West

18%



Abundant supply of

__________ labour

Percentage of graduates withsenior secondary educationor above in the threeeconomic regions, 2003skilled



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1980s to the presentOn the other hand,

problems in the

inland areas

discourage industrial

development.

For example,

Far away from

major markets Poor transportnetworks and low

a___________ccessibility

__________

climate

Extreme

_________

relief

Rugged

_________

populationSmall

Mainly

____________

labour

unskilledUneconomical

to exploit the

resources



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To conclude

Major locational factors:

1950s

- ________________Raw materials

Main location:- ________________Power resources

- _____________North-east



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1950s-1970s

- ________________Raw materials

Main location:

- ________________Power resources

- Shift to ________areas

inland

- ________________Government policy




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1980s onwards

- ________________

Main location:

- ________________________________

- Shift to _________regions

coastal

- Increase the locational

pull of _________

Government policy

Technological

markets

advancements



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Has there been any industrial inertia inthe iron and steel industry in China?

Are there any other

reasons for Anshan

to remain as one of

the major iron and

steel centres

in China?

Presence of

infrastructure

Goodtransport

Long history of

development



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What are the problems of the iron andsteel industry in China?

Iron ore (million tonnes)

Electricity(million tonnes of coal equivalent)

Production Consumption

468336

1,846 1,970

This table shows the

production and consumptionamount of iron ore and

electricity in China in 2004.

What problem

does the iron andsteel industry in

China face?

Problems that the industry faces



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o & stee dust y C a

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Iron ore (million tonnes)

Electricity(million tonnes of coal equivalent)

Production Consumption

468336

1,846 1,970

Problems that the industry faces

There is a __________ of raw materials and electricity.shortage

China is now the largest iron ore importer in the world.

Besides the problem above, transporting raw materialsand finished steel products has also imposed greatpressure on the ________ and __________ sectors.railway shipping



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y

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Problems caused by the industryEnvironmental problems

produces

Sulphur dioxide

(SO2)

Sulphur dioxide (SO2)

and nitrogen oxides (NOx)

Carbon dioxide

(CO2)

+Water droplets

Smog

+Water vapour

Acid rain

Globalwarming



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y

Quit


Problems caused by the industrySocio-economic problems

______________ of iron and steel works

outdated,medium- and small-scale iron and steel

works

OR

Restructured Restructured

Workers are laid off _________

_________

problems_______________Unemployment

Socio-

economic

Modernization



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y

Quit


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Exports of steel products in China, 1980-2004

What is the

trend of the

exports of

steel products

in China?

Increasing.

How does this

trend affect the

location of iron

and steel

industry?

The industry

tends to

locate in

coastal

regions.

Documents

Iron Steel Ind in China