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Disclosure to Promote the Right To Information
Whereas the Parliament of India has set out to provide a practical regime of right to information for citizens to secure access to information under the control of public authorities, in order to promote transparency and accountability in the working of every public authority, and whereas the attached publication of the Bureau of Indian Standards is of particular interest to the public, particularly disadvantaged communities and those engaged in the pursuit of education and knowledge, the attached public safety standard is made available to promote the timely dissemination of this information in an accurate manner to the public.
इंटरनेट मानक
“!ान $ एक न' भारत का +नम-ण”Satyanarayan Gangaram Pitroda
“Invent a New India Using Knowledge”
“प0रा1 को छोड न' 5 तरफ”Jawaharlal Nehru
“Step Out From the Old to the New”
“जान1 का अ+धकार, जी1 का अ+धकार”Mazdoor Kisan Shakti Sangathan
“The Right to Information, The Right to Live”
“!ान एक ऐसा खजाना > जो कभी च0राया नहB जा सकता है”Bhartṛhari—Nītiśatakam
“Knowledge is such a treasure which cannot be stolen”
“Invent a New India Using Knowledge”
है”ह”ह
IS 3337 (1978): ballies for general purposes [CED 9: Timberand Timber Stores]
August 1978
IS : 3337 - 1978
Indian Standard Reaffirmed 2008
SPECIFICATION FOR
Gr 3
BALLIES FOR GENERAL PURPOSES
( First Revision )
UDC 674.71
..
© Copyright 1978
I N D I A N S T A N D A R D S I N S T I T U T I O NMANAK BHAVAN, 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARG
,.--~.~
\.~
IS : 3337 • 1978
Indian StandardSPECIFICATION FOR
RALLIES FOR GENERAL PURPOSES
( First Revision)
Timber Sectional Committee, BDC 9
Chairman
SHRI S. K. SETH
Representing
Ministry of Agriculture & Irrigation
Members
SHRlS.S. ABHYANKARMAJ V. S. RAO ( Alternate)
ADDITIONAL DIRECTOR ( TIMBER)JOINT DIRECTOR (WORKS)
( Alternate)CHIEF CONSERVATOR OF FORESTS,
VADODARAADDITIONAL CHIEF CONSERV
ATOR OF FORESTS (Alternate)CHIEF CONSERVATOR OF FORESTS
Engineer-in-Chief's Branch, A rmy Headquarters
Railway Board ( Ministry of Railways)
Agriculture, Forests & Cooperation Department,Government of Gujarat, Ahmadabad
Forest Department, Government of HimachalPradesh, Simla
SHRI G. C. DASSHRI H. C. DAY
DEPUTY INSPECTORFORESTS
DIRECTOR, FOREST RESEARCH AND Forest Department, Government of Karnataka,UTILIZATION Bangalore
CAPT V. P. GARG Naval HeadquartersSHRI R. S. CHAUDHARY ( Alternate)
DR JOSEPH GEORGE Indian Plywood Industries' Research Institute,Bangalore
SHRI V. SIVANANDA ( Alternate)SHRI K. S. LAULY Federation of Indian Plywood & Panel Industry,
New DeJhi
CONSERVATOR OF FOR ESTS( Alternate)
CHIEF CONSERVATOR OF FORESTS Forest Department, Government of Maharashtra,Bombay
National Test House, CalcuttaForest Department, Government of Uttar Pradesh,
LucknowGENERAL OF Ministry of Agriculture & Irrigation
EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR ( Alternate)
( Continued on page 2 )
(C> Copyright 1978
INDIAN STANDARDS INSTITUTION
This publication is protected under the Indian Copyright Act ( XIV of 1957 ) andreproduction in whole or in part by any means except with 'written permission ofthe publisher shall be deemed to be an infringement of copyright under the said Act.
IS : 3337 - 1978
( Continued from page 1 )
SHRIT. C. SUR
SHRI SHARAN SINGH
SHRIF. C. SHARMA
DR R. S. RATRA
SHRI A. C. SEKHAR
DR A. PURUSHOTHAMDR V. RANGANATHAN
Representing
Directorate General of Technical Development,New Delhi
LT-COL S. A. MOHILE Ministry of Defence ( R&D)SHRI U. B. KANCHAN ( Alternate)
DR A. N. NAYER In personal capacity ( C-59, Inderpuri, New Delhi)SHRI J. N. PANDEY Bihar State Forest Development Corporation Ltd,
PatnaSHRI B. M. PRASAD ( Alternate)
PRESIDENT Forest Research Institute & Colleges, Dehra DunDR S. K. PURKAYASTHA Forest Research Institute & Colleges (Wood
Anatomy Branch ), Dehra DunIndian Plywood Manufacturing Co Ltd. BombayIn personal capacity ( C-19B Defence Colony, New
Delhi)National Buildings Organization, New DelhiForest Research Institute & Colleges (Timber
Mechanics Branch ). Dehra DunDirectorate General of Supplies & Disposals,
New DelhiDirectorate General of Civil Aviation ( Ministry of
Tourism & Civil Aviation ), New DeihlForest Department, Government of Madhya Pradesh,
Bhopal
Members
SHRI P. V. MEHTA
SHRI S. K. AWASTHY ( Alternate)SHRI D. V. VERMA Ministry of Defence ( DGI )
SHRI J. K. SINHA ( Alternate)SHRI D. AJlTHA SIMHA, Director General, lSI ( Ex-officio Member)
Director ( Civ Engg )
Secretary
SHRI J. R. MEHTA
Deputy Director ( Civ Engg), lSI
Timber Conversion and Grading Subcommittee, BDC 9: 10
Convener
SHRI A. C. SEKHAR Forest Research Institute & Colleges (TimberMechanics Branch ), Dehra Dun
Members
ADDITIONAL DIRECTOR ( TIMBER) Railway Board ( Ministry of Railways)ASSISTANT DIRECTOR ( SPECI-
FICATIONS ), ROSa ( Alt ernate )CHIEF CoNSERVATOR OF FORESTS, Agriculture, Forests & Cooperation Department,
VADODARA Government of Gujarat, AhmadabadADDITIONAL CHIEF CONSERV-
ATOR OF FORESTS ( Alternate)
( Continued on page 9 )
2
AMENOt\1ENr r NO.1 OCrOBER 1991
'roIS 3337 : 1978 SPECIFICA1~ION FOR BALLJES~ }1~OR
GENERAL I)URPOS~:S
(PU6~ b, Appendix A) -In.\trt lill' 1ollowlng matter :
B4.YJ'ANICAL NA~1LS'l'ANDAAl)
TkADl: NAME
A\b
Bide" IOCU~l
Indian oak.
Mysorc guu:
River-red gum
SubabuJ
(CEO 9 )
AHi)!{LVIAl }:I)
SYMI~Ji.
Fruxuw.\!l ~pp. ASl i
Robuuu-psruducucia lJLO
Quercus b'lfi/hu 10,\
Eucalyplu,) tcr cucornis MGU
Eucalyptus Cumaldulcnsis RIGLencsena lecoc esphela SUB'
Rcpro~r:ilpby Urur, UlS, New Deihl, ludli
IS : 3337 • 1978
Indian StandardSPECIFICATION FOR
BALLIES FOR GENERAL PURPOSES
( First Revision)
o. FOR E W 0 R D
0.1 This Indian Standard (First Revision) was adopted by the IndianStandards Institution on 30 January 1978, after the draft finalized by theTimber Sectional Committee had been approved by the Civil EngineeringDivision Council.
0 ..2 BALLIES of various sizes and species of timber are extensively usedfor the construction of scaffolding and for the erection of temporary andsemi-permanent structures. BALLJES are also used in large quantities forfencing work, pile foundation, supports for shuttering and for floodprotection work in the form of permeable spurs and bank piling forpreventing erosion. This standard has, therefore, been prepared with theobject of providing guidance on the sizes and requirements of BALLIES forgeneral purposes.
0.3 This standard was first published in 1965. This is the first revision ofthe standard. In this revision, besides incorporating some modificationsin the provisions relating to preservation, modifications have also beenmade in the limits of permissible defects.
0.4 In the formulation of this standard due weightage has been given tointernational co-ordination among the standards and practices prevailing indifferent countries in addition to relating it to the practices in the field inthis country.
0.5 For the purpose of deciding whether a particular requirement of thisstandard is complied with, the final val ue, observed or calculated, expressingthe resul t of a test or analysis, shall be rounded of in accordance withIS : 2-1960*. The number of significant places retained in the rounded offvalue should be the same as that of the specified value in this standard.
1. SCOPE
1.1 This standard covers the requirements of BALLIES used for generalpurposes.
• Rules for rounding off numerical values (revised ).
3
IS : 3337 - 1978
- 2. TERMINOLOGY
2.1 For the purpose of this standard, the definitions given in IS: 707-1976*and the following shall apply.
2.1.1 Air Dried BALLIES - RALLIES dried in open air, usuallyprotected from the direct action of sun and rain.
2.1.2 BALLIES - Thin round poles usually without bark.
2.1.3 Cross Break - Break or fracture across the grain of the wood.
2.1.4 Curvature - Deviation of a BALLIE from straightness.
2.1.5 Decay - Disintegration of wood tissues caused by fungi (wooddestroying) or other micro-organism. \
2.1.6 Hollow Heart - A cavity in the heart of a BALLIE resulting fromdecay.
2.1.7 Short Crook - A localized deviation from straightness which,within any section of 1'5 m or less in length, is more than one-half the meandiameter of the crooked section.
2.1.8 Spiral or Twisted Grain - Grain in which the vertical elements arealigned spirally in the bole of a standing tree or a log.
3. SPECIES OF TIMBER
3.1 The species of timber suitable for BALLIES are given in Appendix A.
3.2 Other species not included in Appendix A shall not be supplied withoutthe prior approval, in writing, of the indentor/user.
4. MANUFACTURE
4.1 Unless otherwise specified, the bark shall be completely removed andall the branches and excrescences shall be dressed down flush with thesurface. The top and bottom ends shall be cut square.
5. DIMENSIONS
5.1 Unless otherwise 'ordered', the BALLIES shall' conform to thedimensions given below:
Class of Diameter at the Top Diameter at the Butt End LengthBALLIES
1
2
3
emOver 8-5 up to 12-5
Over 6'5 up to 8'S
Over 5 up to 6-5
emOver 15 up to 20
Over II' 5 up to 15
Over 7'5 up to 11'5
m
3 to 9
3 to 9
3 to 9
*Glossary of terms applicable to timber technology and utilization (second revislon i,
4
IS : 3337 • 1978
6. REQUIREMENTS
6.1 BALLIES shall be air-dried to a moisture content not exceeding 20percent within a depth of 12 mm from the surface when measured at onethird length of the BALLIES from its butt end.
6.2 BALLIES shall be reasonably straight, and shall be free from cutsacross the grain, live insect attack, any kind of decay (rot), pronouncedspiral or twisted grain, hollow heart and dead knots exceeding 5 em indiameter.
7. PERMISSIBLE DEFECTS
7.1 Surface Cracks - These shall not exceed 20 mrn in depth and 3 mm inwidth for Class 1 RALLIES, and not exceed 12 rnm in depth and 3 mrn inwidth for Classes 2 and 3 BALLIES provided they are not so numerous orso located as to impair the usefulness of the RALLIES.
7.2 End Cracks - The longest end crack at each end shall be measured andthe lengths added together. The total length of the longest cracks shallnot exceed 30 em irrespective of the length of the BALL/E.
7.3 Spiral or Twisted Grain - There shall not be more than one completetwist of grain or spiral in any 6 In of length.
7.4 Curvature - BALLIES shall be so straight that when laid horizontally inany position, the centre line joining the apex and base shall not deviatefrom the actual axis of the BALLIES by more than 7' 5 em.
7.5 Short Crooks - These shall not exceed two in number per BALLIE.
7.6 Pin Hole (Dead Infestation) - These shall be scattered and notconcentrated, provided they are not due to powder post beetles.
8. MEASUREMENTS
8.1 Length - The length shall be measured between the extreme ends ofBALLIES. BALLIES shall not be more than 7'S ern shorter or more than15 em longer than the 'ordered' length.
8.2 Diameter - The top and butt end diameters shall be measured at theextreme ends of the BALLIES.
9. PRESERVATION
9.1 Whenever required the entire BALLIE or the butt ends up to thespecified length shall be preserved by dipping. brushing or spraying withanyone of the following compositions (see also IS:401-1967* ):
a) Creosote-fuel oil mixture 50: 50,
b) 6 percent solution of copper-chrome-arsenic composition,
.Code of practice for preservation of timber ( second revision ).
5
IS : 3337 - 1978
c) 6 percent solution of acid-cupric-chromate composition,
d) 8 percent solution of copper-chrome-boric composition, and
e) 1·0 percent solution of sodium pentachlorophenate.
10. MARKING
10.1 Each BALLIE shall be legibly and indelibly marked with the followinginformation at a distance of 2 m from the butt end of the BALLIE:
a) Species of timber by symbol ( see Appendix A ),
b) Class of BALLIE, and
c) Supplier's name or initials or registered trade-mark, if any.
10.1.1 The BALLIE may also be marked with the lSI CertificationMark.
NOTE - The use of the lSI Certification Mark is governed by the provisions of theIndian Standards Institution (Certification Marks) Act and the Rules and Regulationsmade thereunder. The lSI Mark on products covered by an Indian Standard conveysthe assurance that they have been produced to comply with the requirements ofthat standard under a well-defined system of inspection, testing and quality controlwhich is devised and supervised by lSI and operated by the producer. lSI markedproducts are also continuously checked by lSI for conformity to that standard as afurther safeguard. Details of conditions under which a licence for the use of the lSICertification Mark may be granted to manufacturers or processors, may be obtainedfrom the Indian Standards Institution.
APPENDIX A
[ Clauses 3.1 and 10.1(a) ]
SPECIES OF TIMBER SUITABLE FOR BALLIES
STANDARD
TRADE NAME
Arjun
Axlewood (Bakli)
Ballagi
Benteak
Bijasal
Black chuglam
BOTANICAL NAME
Termina/ia arjuna
Anogeissus latifolia
Poeciloneuron indicum
Laterstroemia lanceo/ata
Pterocarpus marsupium
Terminalia manii
6
ABBREVIATED
SYMBOL
ARJ
AXL
BAL
BEN
BIJ
BCH
IS : 3337 • 1978
STANDARD BOTANICAL NAME ABBREVIATEDTRADE NAME SYMBOL
Casuarina Casuarina equisetifolia CAS
Chir Pinus roxbur ghii CHR
Cypress Cupressus torulosa Cyp
Deodar Cedrus deodara DEO
Dhaman Grewia tiliifolia DHA
Ebony Diospyros spp. EBO
Fir Abies spp. FIR
Garuga Garuga pinnata GAD
Gurjan Dipterocarpus spp, GUR
HaJdu Adina cordifolia HAL
Hopea Hopea spp, HOP
Hoom Miliusa tomentosa HOD
Hollock Terminalia myriocarpa HOL
Irul Xylia xylocarpa IRU
Jaman Syzygiurn spp. JAM
Jarul Lagerstroemia speciosa JAR
Kail Pinus wallichiana KAL
Karada Cleistanthus collinus KAA
Kardabi Anogeissus pendula KAH
Kasi Bridelia spp. KAS
Kindal Terminalia paniculata KIN
Khasi pine Pinus insularis KPI
Laural Terrninalia alata LAU
Landi Lagerstroemia perviflora LEN
Makai Shorea assamica MAK
Mesua M esua ferrea MES
Mundani Acrocarpus fraxinifo/ius MUN
7
IS : 3337 • 1978
STANDARD BOTANICAL NAME ABBREVIATEDTRADE NAME SYMBOL
Piney Hardwickia pinnata PIN
Poon Calophyllum spp. rooPussur Xylocarpus spp, PUS
Pyinma Lagerstroemia hypoleuca PYI
Sal Shorea robusta SAL
Sandan Ougeinia oojeinensis SAD
Siris Albizzia chinensis SIR
Sissoo Dalbergia sissoo SIS
Spruce Picea smithiana SPR
Sundri Heritiera spp, SUN
Teak Tectons grandis TEA
White bombwe Terminalia procera WBO
White chuglam Terminalia bialata WCH
8
IS : 3337 · 1978
( Continued from page 2 )
Members
CHIEF CONSERVATOR OF FORESTS
CONSERVATOR OF FOR EST S( Alternate)
CHIEF CONSERVATOR OF FORESTS
SHRI H. C. DAY
SHRI B. R. GUPTA
SHRI N. LAXMINARAYAN
Representing
Forest Department, Governrnent of HimachalPradesh, Simla
Forest Department, Governrnent of West Bengal,Calcutta
Forest Department, Government of Utter Pradesh,Lucknow
Forest Department, Governrnent of Jammu &Kashmir, Jammu
Andhra Pradesh Timber Merchants' Federation,Hyderabad
SHRIF.C.SHARMA
OFFICER-1N-CHARGE
PRFSIDENTSHRI B. S. RAWAT
SHRI V. SUDERSHAN ( Alternate)SHRI P. V. MEHTA Directorate General of Technical Development,
New DelhiForest Research Institute & Colleges (Timber
Logging Branch ), Dehra DunHimachal Pradesh Forests Lessees Association, SimlaForest Research Institute & Colleges (Wood
Working. Saw Milling & Finishing Branch)Dehra Dun
Directorate General of Civil Aviation ( Ministry ofTourism & Civil Aviation ), New Delhi
SHRI J. K. SINHA Ministry of Defence ( DGI )SHRI GULAM ALAM ( Alternate)
SHRI R. T. SOMAIYA Bombay Timber Merchants' Association, BombaySHRI JIMMY WACHA ( Alternate)
SHRI T. C. SUR Forest Department, Government of MadhyaPradesh, Bhopal
SHRI S. K. AWASTHY ( Alternate)
9
INDIAN STANDARDS
ON
TIMBER
IS:
190-1974 Coniferous sawn timber ( baulks and scantlings) ( third revision )
287-1973 Recommendations for maximum permissible moisture content of timberused for different purposes ( second revision)
399~1963 Classification for commercial timbers and their zonal distribution (revised)
401-1967 Code of practice for preservation of timber ( second revision)
656-1975 Logs for plywood ( second revision)
707·1976 Glossary of terms applicable to timber technology and utilization ( secondrevision)
876-1970 Wood poles for overhead power and telecommunication lines (secondrevision)
1140-1970 Logs for matches ( first revision)
1141-1973 Code of practice for seasoning of timber ( first revision)
1150-1976 Trade names and abbreviated symbols for timber species ( second revision)
1326·1976 Non-coniferous sawn timber ( baulk s and scantlings) ( first revision)
1329-1975 Aircraft timber ( baulks and scantlings) (first revision )
1331-1971 Cut sizes of timber (second revision)
1708-1969 Method of testing small clear specimen of timber ( first revision)
1898-1975 Timber for use in aircraft construction ( first revision)
1900-1974 Method of testing wood poles
1902-1961 Code of practice for preservation of bamboo and cane for non-structuralpurposes
2178-1962 Timber for use in aircraft propeller construction
2179-1962 Timber for lorry bodies
2203-1976 Wooden cross arms ( first revision)
2372-1963 Timber for cooling towers
2377-1967 Tables for Volume of cut sizes of timber ( first revision)
2408-1963 Methods of static tests of timber in structural sizes
2455-1974 Method of sampling of model trees and logs for timber testing and theirconversion ( first revision )
2683-1966 Guide for installation of pressure impregnation plants for timber ( firstrevision)
2753 (Part 1)-1964 Method of estimation of preservatives in treated timber and intreating solutions: Part 1 Determination of copper, arsenic, chromium,zinc, boron, creosote and fuel oil
2753 (Part 11)-1968 Method of estimation of preservatives in treated timber and intreating solutions: Part l l Determination of copper (in coppernaphthenate) and pentachlorophenol
3337-1978 BALLIES for general purposes (first revision)
3364 (Part 1)-1976 Method of measurement and evaluation of defects in timber:Part I Logs ( first revision)
3364 (Part 11)-1976 Method of measurement and evaluation of defects in timber:Part II Converted timber ( first revision)
3731-1966 Grading rules for teak squares
4422-1967
4423-1967
4424-1967
4833- 1968
4873-1968
4895-1968
4907-1968
4970-1973
5246-1969
5247-1969
5248-1967
5806·1970
5966-1970
5978-1970
6056-1970
6341-1971
6342-1971
6346-1971
6497-1972
6534-1971
6707-1972
6711-1972
6791-1973
6874-1973
7308-1973
8242-1976
8292-1976
Willow clefts for cricket bats
Guide for handsawing of timber
Use of timber in coal mines
Method for the field testing of preservatives in wood species
Method for laboratory testing of wood preservatives against fungi
Grading rules for teak logs
Methods of testing timber connectors
Key for identification of commercial timber ( first revision )
Coniferous logs
Converted timber (coniferous) for packing cases, crates and light furniture
Teak logs for production of sliced veneers
Non-coniferous timber in converted form ammunition/explosives boxes
Non-coniferous timber In converted form for general purposes
Code of practice for design of wood poles for overhead power andtelecommunication lines
Jointed wood poles for overhead power and telecommunication lines
Method of laboratory test for efficacy of wood preservatives againstsoft rot
Rosewood logs for production of sliced veneers
Methods of test for timber props for mines
Method of test for the efficacy of preservatives and evaluating the naturaldurability of timbers used in cooling towers
Guiding principles of grading of timber
Willow logs for artificial limbs
Code of practice for maintenance of wood poles for overhead power andtelecommunication linesMethod of testing natural durability of timber and efficacy of the woodpreservatives against marine borers
Methods of test for round Bamboos
Guidelines for design installation and test of timber seasoning kilns( compartment type with cross-forced air circulation)
Methods of test for split bamboos
Methods for evaluation of wood working qualities of tim~er
INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM OF UNITS ( SI UNITS)
Base Units
Quantity Unit SymbolLength metre mMass kilogram kg
Time secondElectric current ampere AThe rrnody namic kelvin K
temperatu reLuminous intensity candela cdAmount of substance mole mol
Supplementary Units
Quantity Unit SymbolPlane angle radian radSolid angle steradian Sf
Derived Units
Quantity Unit Symbol ConversionForce newton N N=O'101 972 kgfEnergy joule J J=l N.mPower watt W 1 W=l J/sFlux weber Wb 1 Wb=l V.sFlux density tesla T ) T=l Wb/m'1Frequency hertz Hz 1 Hz= 1 cis (S_I)
Electric conductance siemens S 1 5=1 A/VPressure, stress pascal Pa 1 Pa=l Njm?
Rs 4'00
Rs 36'00
Re 0-30Rs 3'OU
Rs 2·00 to 7. 00
Rs 30·00
PUBLICATIONS OF INDIAN STANDARDS INSTITUTIONINDIAN STANDARDS
Over 9 500 Indian Standards coverrng various subjects have beenissued so far. Of these, the standards belonging to the Civil EngineeringGroup fall under the following categories:
Aggregates. concrete Mod ular co-ord inationApparatus for testing cement and Multi-purpose river valley projects
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OTHER PUBLICATIONSlSI Bulletin (Published Every Month)
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INDIAN STANDARDS INSTITUTION
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