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“Invent a New India Using Knowledge”

है”ह”ह

IS 8601 (1977): Myrobalan nuts (whole and crushed) fortanning industry [CHD 17: Leather, Tanning Materials andAllied Products]

Indian Standard IS : 8601 - 1977

( Reaffirmed 2001 )

SPECIFICATION FOR MYROBALAN NUTS ( WHOLE AND CRUSHED ) FOR

TANNING INDUSTRY

UUC 644.879.48 : 675.041

© Copyright 1978

I N D I A N S T A N D A R D S I N S T I T U T I O N MANAK BHAVAN, 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARCG

NEW DELHI 110002

Gr.2 January 1978

IS : 8601 - 1977

Tanning Materials and Allied Products Sectional Committee, CDC 36

Chairman DR C. KOTESWARA R A O

Members S H R I M. BANERJEE

S H R I SATYENDRA M O H O N D E ( Alternate )

DR S. N. BHATTACHARYA SHRI D. S. CHADHA

Representing Central Leather Research Institute ( CSIR ), Madras

College of Leather Technology, Calcutta

Oil & Natural Gas Commission, Dehra Dun Central Committee for Food Standards ( Ministry of

Health & Family Welfare ) SMT DEBT M U K H E R J E E ( Alternate)

CHEMIST & METALLURGIST, CENTRAL RAILWAY

ASSISTANT R E S E A R C H OFFICER (CM-II) , RDSO, LUCKNOW (Alternate )

S H R I S H I V J I GANGJI

Ministry of Railways

Chemical & Allied Products Export Promotion Council, Calcutta

SHRI GORDHANDAS BHAGWANDAS ( Alternate ) SHRI R. S. GHOSH

S H R I J . S. BISHT ( Alternate ) SHRI R. K. D. GUPTA

Directorate General of Technical Development, New Delhi

Tannery & Footwear Corporation of India Ltd, Kanpur

S H R I S. K. NAYYAR ( Alternate ) S H R I PRATAP C. J O I S H E R Shri Laxmi Chemicals & Industries Pvt Ltd,

Bombay S H R I J . H. JOISHER ( Alternate )

S H R I J . P. PATEL SHRI S. S. HONAVAR ( Alternate ) S H R I J. C. D E Y ( Alternate )

S H R I S. PRASAD SHRI S. P. SINGARAM

DR A. N. SINGH SHRI S. K. J A I N ( Alternate )

Italab Private Ltd, Bombay

Bata India Ltd, Calcutta Development Commissioner, Small Scale Industries,

New Delhi Indian Wood Products Co Ltd, Bareilly

( Continued on page 2 )

© Copyright 1978 INDIAN STANDARDS INSTITUTION

This publication is protected under the Indian Copyright Act ( XIV of 1957 ) and reproduction in whole or in part by any means except with written permission of the publisher shall be deemed to be an infringement of copyright under the said Act.

Indian Standard SPECIFICATION FOR MYROBALAN NUTS

( WHOLE AND CRUSHED ) FOR TANNING INDUSTRY

IS : 8601 - 1977 ( Continued from page 1 )

Members DR S. B. SINGH

D R M . SWALEH S H R I R. M. BERI ( Alternate )

DR G. M. SAXENA, Director ( Chem )

Representing Directorate of Health Services, Government of

Uttar Pradesh Forest Research Institute & Colleges, Dehra Dun

Director General, ISI ( Ex-officio Member )

Secretary S H R I S. D A S GUPTA

Assistant Director ( Chem ), ISI

Vegetable Tanning Materials Subcommittee, CDC 36 : 2 Convener

D R C . KOTESWARA R A O

Members DR S. N. BHATTACHARYA S H R I J . K . D E

S H R I S. M. DE ( Alternate ) S H R I R. S. G H O S H

S H R I R. K. D. GUPTA

Central Leather Research Institute ( CSIR ), Madras

Oil & Natural Gas Commission, Dehra Dun College of Leather Technology, Calcutta

Directorate General of Technical Development, New Delhi

Tannery & Footwear Corporation of India Ltd, Kanpur

S H R I S. K. NAYYAR ( Alternate ) DR J. K. MAHESHWARI S H R I W. R. RAJANDEKAR REPRESENTATIVE S H R I S. SAMPATH DR A. N. SINGH

S H R I S. K. J A I N ( Alternate ) DR P. R . SUBRAMANIAN DR M. SWALEH

S H R I R. M. BERI ( Alternate ) S H R I VASANTLAL HARIDAS

S H R I J . H. JOISHER ( Alternate )

Botanical Survey of India, Calcutta Amba Tannin & Pharmaceuticals Ltd, Kolhapur The National Tannery Co Ltd, Calcutta Directorate General Ordnance Factories, Kanpur Indian Wood Products Co Ltd, Bareilly

Tan-India Wattle Extracts Co Ltd, Madras Forest Research Institute & Colleges, Dehra Dun

Shri Laxmi Chemicals & Industries Pvt Ltd, Bombay

Panel for Myrobalan Nuts, CDC 36 : 2 : 3 Convener

SHRI R. K. D. GUPTA

Members S H R I S. D. J O S H I ( Alternate to

Shri R. K. D. Gupta ) S H R I RAMEN DAS

Tannery & Footwear Corporation of India Ltd, Kanpur

B. M. Das Memorial Industrial Research & Services Laboratory, Calcutta

S H R I GANESH SRIVASTAVA ( Alternate ) S H R I PRATAP C. J O I S H E R Shri Laxmi Chemicals & Industries Pvt Ltd, Bombay

S H R I J . H. J O I S H E R ( Alternate ) S H R I D. V. KANAKIA New India Tannins Pvt Ltd, Calcutta

S H R I A. D. KANAKIA ( Alternate ) S H R I NASIM IQBAL S H R I S. PASUPATHI

S H R I W. R. RAJANDEKAR DR C. KOTESWARA R A O

Pioneer Tanneries & Glue Works, Kanpur Chief Conservator of Forests, Government of

Madhya Pradesh, Bhopal Amba Tannin & Pharmaceuticals Ltd, Kolhapur Central Leather Research Institute ( CSIR ), Madras

2

IS : 8601 - 1977

Indian Standard SPECIFICATION FOR MYROBALAN NUTS

( WHOLE AND CRUSHED ) FOR TANNING INDUSTRY

0. F O R E W O R D 0.1 This Indian Standard was adopted by the Indian Standards Institution on 14 October 1977, after the draft finalized by the Tanning Materials and Allied Products Sectional Committee had been approved by the Chemical Division Council.

0.2 Myrobalans are the fruits of more than one species of the genus Terminalia of the family Combretaceae and Gaertn. of the family Euphorbiaceae. The myrobalan Terminalia chebula Retz. known as 'Haritaki' in Sanskrit, 'Harra ' in Hindi, 'Hirda' in Marathi, 'Karakkaya' in Telegu, 'Kadukkaya' in Tamil and chebulic myrobalan in foreign (export) trade, is of commercial importance.

0.3 Myrobalans are hard fruits 2.5 to 5 cm in length, 1.2 to 2 cm in width, obovoid, ellipsoidal or ovoid. They are rough, hard and subangular.

0.4 Myrobalan trees growing wild occur mostly in the forests of Madhya Pradesh, Orissa, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu and to some extent in Bihar and Mysore. The trees are of moderate size with a rounded crown, spreading branches and usually a short trunk. Bark is dark brown, often individually cracked exfoliating woody scales.

0.5 The myrobalans after drying suitably ( sun or shade ) are sorted out according to prevailing trade practices ( area wise ) namely Jabalpores (J1 and J2 ), Bombay myrobalans ( B1 and B2 ), Rajpores ( R1 and R2), Madras coast ( Class 1 and Class 2 ) and crushed nuts.

0.6 Myrobalans are marketed as whole nuts and in crushed form devoid of seed. A considerable quantity is exported abroad as whole nuts and crushed nuts. Myrobalan is mostly used either in raw or extract form in the tanning industry, and in extract form in softening of boiler feed waters, ink manufacture, in medicinal preparations to a limited extent and as a thinner in oil drilling compounds.

3

IS : 8601 - 1977

0.7 Myrobalans contain tannin belonging to pyrogallol ( hydrolysable ) type. The tannin due to highly acidic nature is normally used in admixture or blending with other tanning materials like wattle, quebracho, Babul, Avaram, Goran, Cutch, etc. However, myrobalan can also be used by suitable chemical modification. The tannins of myrobalan have the following three tanning properties:

a) Capable of imparting light colour to leather, b) Acid liberating capacity, and c) Bloom forming capacity giving rise to higher yield of leather.

0.8 Viewing the export potential and importance in tanning and other industries, the Tanning Materials and Allied Products Sectional Committee decided to formulate this standard.

0.9 For the purpose of deciding whether a particular requirement of this standard is complied with, the final value, observed or calculated, expressing the result of a test or analysis, shall be rounded off in accordance with IS : 2-1960*. The number of significant places retained in the rounded off value should be the same as that of the specified value in this standard.

1. SCOPE 1.1 This standard prescribes the requirements and methods of sampling and test for myrobalan nuts for tanning industry.

2. TERMINOLOGY 2.1 For the purpose of this standard, the definitions given in IS : 1640-1960† shall apply.

3. TYPES 3.1 Myrobalan nuts in any regional variety may be of two types, whole and crushed. Whole nuts shall be graded into two grades:

a) Grade 1 — consisting of hand picked nuts of best quality free from rotten/discoloured nuts, worm eaten nuts, spongy nuts that crumble easily, immature nuts and nuts of very small size. They should be free from sand and dust.

b) Grade 2 — consisting of remainder of the lot after picking out Grade 1 nuts.

*Rules for rounding off numerical values ( revised ). †Glossary of terms relating to hides, skin and leather.

4

IS : 8601 - 1977

3.2 Crushed Nuts — consisting of kernel/pulp ( after removal of seeds from the nuts ).

4. REQUIREMENTS

4.1 Source — Myrobalans are the fruits of the deciduous tree of the species Terminalia.

4.2 Colour — Myrobalans shall be yellow to orange brown, sometimes tinged with red or black in colour.

4.3 Myrobalan nuts (whole and crushed) shall comply with the requirements prescribed in Table 1.

S L No.

(1)

i)

ii)

iii)

iv)

v)

TABLE 1 REQUIREMENTS FOR MYROBALAN NUTS FOR TANNING INDUSTRY

CHARACTERISTIC

(2)

Moisture, percent by mass, Max

Tannins, percent by mass ( on dry basis ), Min

Non-tannins, percent by mass ( o n dry basis ), Max

pH of analytical strength solution

Colour:

a) Red, Max b) Yellow/red, Min

REQUIREMENT FOR

Whole Nuts Crushed Nuts

Grade 1 Grade 2

(3)

12

35

17

3.0-3.5

2 4

(4)

12

27

20

3.0-3.5

3 3

*Methods of test for vegetable tanning materials.

(5)

12

40

20

3.0-3.5

2.5 3.5

M E T H O D OF T E S T , R E F TO C L N O . IN

IS : 5466-1969*

(6)

6

10

9

12

13

5. PACKING AND MARKING 5.1 Packing — Packing shall be done in gunny bags, net mass being 70 to 75 kg.

5

IS : 8601 - 1977

5.2 Marking — The package shall be legibly marked with the following: a) Name of the material; b) Net mass; c) Supplier's name or recognized trade-mark, if any, or both; d) Date of packing; and e) Type and Grade.

5.2.1 The material may also be marked with the ISI Certification Mark.

NOTE — The use of the ISI Certification Mark is governed by the provisions of the Indian Standards Institution ( Certification Marks ) Act and the Rules and Regulations made thereunder. The ISI Mark on products covered by an Indian Standard conveys the assurance that they have been produced to comply with the requirements of that standard under a well-defined system of inspection, testing and quality control which is devised and supervised by ISI and operated by the producer. ISI marked products are also continuously checked by ISI for conformity to that standard as a further safeguard. Details of conditions under which a licence for the use of the ISI Certification Mark may be granted to manufacturers or processors, may be obtained from the Indian Standards Institution.

6. SAMPLING 6.1 Representative samples of the material shall be drawn as prescribed in Appendix A. Grind them as described in 4.1 of IS : 5466-1969* for preparing the samples for test.

7. METHODS OF TEST 7.1 Samples shall satisfy the requirements of Table 1 when tested in accordance with the methods referred in col 6 of the table. Samples for chemical testing shall be prepared according to 4.1 of IS : 5466-1969*.

A P P E N D I X A ( Clause 6.1)

SAMPLING OF MYROBALAN NUTS ( WHOLE AND CRUSHED )

A-1. SCALE OF SAMPLING A-1.1 Lot — In a single consignment all gunny bags containing myrobalan nuts of the same type, same grade and collected at the same time shall constitute a lot.

*Methods of test for vegetable tanning materials.

6

IS : 8601 - 1977

A-1.2 For ascertaining the conformity of the lot to the requirements of this specification, samples shall be tested from each lot separately. A-1.3 The number of bags to be selected from the lot for this purpose shall depend on the size of the lot and shall be in accordance with Table 2.

TABLE 2 SCALE OF SAMPLING

LOT SIZE

Up to 25 26 „ 50 51 „ 100

101 „ 300 301 „ 500 501 „ 1 000

1 001 and above

No. OF BAGS TO BE SELECTED

3 5 8

13 20 32 50

A-1.3.1 These bags shall be selected at random and in order to ensure the randomness of selection procedures given in IS : 4905-1968* may be followed.

A-2. PREPARATION OF TEST SAMPLES A-2.1 From each of the bags selected according to A-1.3, minimum quantity of 2 kg shall be collected from each selected bag and then reduced to the quantity of material required for testing for requirements given in Table 1 using the method of quartering.

A-3. NUMBER OF TESTS AND CRITERIA FOR CONFORMITY A-3.1 All the characteristics given in Table 1 shall be tested on the composite sample. A-3.2 The lot shall be declared as conforming to the requirements of the specification if all the test results on the composite sample meet the relevant requirement given in Table 1, otherwise not.

*Methods for random sampling.

7

I N D I A N S T A N D A R D S

ON

TANNING MATERIALS

IS:

2716-1972 Myrobalan extract ( first revision ) 3967-1975 Cutch ( first revision ) 3968-1967 Wattle bark 3969-1975 GORAN bark ( first revision ) 5127-1969 BABUL bark 5128-1969 AVARAM bark 5465-1969 SOMALI bark 5466-1969 Methods of test for vegetable tanning materials 6199-1971 Wattle extract 6301-1971 Basic chromium sulphate ( for tanning ) 6657-1972 Sal bark 6658-1972 Cashew testa