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ISE - Texas A&M University
1/17Identifying social network and mobile technology use in Hurricane Sandy
DIMACS/CCICADA WorkshopS&T Innovations in Hurricane Sandy Research
ISE - Texas A&M University
Identifying social network and mobile technology use and its correlation with household evacuation
behavior in Hurricane Sandy
Justin Yates, Tom Ferris, Erick MorenoDepartment of Industrial and Systems Engineering
Texas A&M [email protected]
Introduction Background Approach Results Next Steps
Student ResearchersMahmoud El-Sherif (ISE, Graduate)
Jae Ho Lee (RPTS, Graduate)Monica Tellam (RPTS, Undergraduate)
David MatarritaDepartment of Parks, Recreation and Tourism Sci.
Texas A&M University
This project is funded by the National Science Foundation
ISE - Texas A&M University
2/17Identifying social network and mobile technology use in Hurricane Sandy
DIMACS/CCICADA WorkshopS&T Innovations in Hurricane Sandy Research
ISE - Texas A&M University
Introduction
• Quick Background• Research Approach• Preliminary Results• Next Steps
Introduction Background Approach Results Next Steps
ISE - Texas A&M University
3/17Identifying social network and mobile technology use in Hurricane Sandy
DIMACS/CCICADA WorkshopS&T Innovations in Hurricane Sandy Research
ISE - Texas A&M University
Quick Background
• Existing literature in evacuee behavior– Lindell, Sorensen, Eisenman, etc.
• Existing literature in social network analysis– Wasserman and Faust, Scott, etc.
• Emerging literature:– Butts (social network structure)– Sutton (communication via social networks)
Introduction Background Approach Results Next Steps
ISE - Texas A&M University
4/17Identifying social network and mobile technology use in Hurricane Sandy
DIMACS/CCICADA WorkshopS&T Innovations in Hurricane Sandy Research
ISE - Texas A&M University
Quick Background
• Observations:– Key considerations when planning evacuation:
• Perceived safety (past exerpiences)• Delivery of information (face-to-face, radio/tv, etc.)• Perceived storm severity (cat 1, cat 2, cat 3)
• Hypothesis: Social media and mobile technology are changing
the ways in which individuals obtain, deliver and perceive information when planning an evacuation.
Introduction Background Approach Results Next Steps
ISE - Texas A&M University
5/17Identifying social network and mobile technology use in Hurricane Sandy
DIMACS/CCICADA WorkshopS&T Innovations in Hurricane Sandy Research
ISE - Texas A&M University
Research Approach
• Questions of Focus1. What percentage of households use mobile
technology during an evacuation?2. How frequently are mobile devices and social
networks used and what content is being viewed/posted?
3. To what extent is information being used dynamically during evacuation?
Introduction Background Approach Results Next Steps
ISE - Texas A&M University
6/17Identifying social network and mobile technology use in Hurricane Sandy
DIMACS/CCICADA WorkshopS&T Innovations in Hurricane Sandy Research
ISE - Texas A&M University
Research Approach
• Mail Survey– 1,100 random households in Monmouth, NJ– Mandatory evacuation order – Diverse demographics– Comparatively less storm damage
• Tailored Design Method (Dillman)– 3 waves (postcard survey)– Cash incentive in 1st wave
Introduction Background Approach Results Next Steps
ISE - Texas A&M University
7/17Identifying social network and mobile technology use in Hurricane Sandy
DIMACS/CCICADA WorkshopS&T Innovations in Hurricane Sandy Research
ISE - Texas A&M University
Research Approach
Introduction Background Approach Results Next Steps
ISE - Texas A&M University
8/17Identifying social network and mobile technology use in Hurricane Sandy
DIMACS/CCICADA WorkshopS&T Innovations in Hurricane Sandy Research
ISE - Texas A&M University
Preliminary Results
• Initial Mailing: 4/26/2013– Survey administration still in-process
• As of 3 June 2013:– 124 responses (11.3% response rate)• 1st wave results only• Does not include undeliverable addresses
Introduction Background Approach Results Next Steps
ISE - Texas A&M University
9/17Identifying social network and mobile technology use in Hurricane Sandy
DIMACS/CCICADA WorkshopS&T Innovations in Hurricane Sandy Research
ISE - Texas A&M University
Preliminary Results
14
25
43
29
Age of Household Members
< 20
20 - 40
40 - 60
> 60
0-14 15-40 40-60 >600%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Owning at least one device with internet connection
Do OwnDon’t Own
Ow
ners
hip
Perc
enta
ge
Introduction Background Approach Results Next Steps
ISE - Texas A&M University
10/17Identifying social network and mobile technology use in Hurricane Sandy
DIMACS/CCICADA WorkshopS&T Innovations in Hurricane Sandy Research
ISE - Texas A&M University
Preliminary Results
Smartphone Cell Phone iPad/Tablet Laptop0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Differences in Mobile Devices owned between Age Groups
< 2020 - 40 40 - 60> 60
Ow
ners
hip
Perc
enta
ge
• individuals were allowed to indicate ownership of multiple devices• Smartphone indicates internet-capable device• Cell Phone indicates no internet capability
Introduction Background Approach Results Next Steps
ISE - Texas A&M University
11/17Identifying social network and mobile technology use in Hurricane Sandy
DIMACS/CCICADA WorkshopS&T Innovations in Hurricane Sandy Research
ISE - Texas A&M University
Preliminary Results
• Facebook and Google+ were the two most frequently used Online social media sites• Younger generation most frequent
• Older generation still social media savvy
0-1415-40
40-60>60
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
100%
Not used
UsedAge
Perc
enta
ge o
f Age
Gro
up
0-14 15-40 40-60 >600%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
Google+
AgePe
rcen
tage
of A
ge G
roup
Introduction Background Approach Results Next Steps
ISE - Texas A&M University
12/17Identifying social network and mobile technology use in Hurricane Sandy
DIMACS/CCICADA WorkshopS&T Innovations in Hurricane Sandy Research
ISE - Texas A&M University
Preliminary Results
Communication with Immediate Family
No Usage Low Usage Medium Usage
High Usage05
101520253035
Face to Face
No Usage Low Usage Medium Usage
High Usage0
5
10
15
20
25
Text Messaging
No Usage Low Usage Medium Usage
High Usage05
101520253035
Phone Conversations
No Usage Low Usage Medium Usage
High Usage05
101520253035
No Usage Low Usage Medium Usage
High Usage05
1015202530354045
Social Networking
Normal Condi-tions
During Hurricane Sandy
Introduction Background Approach Results Next Steps
ISE - Texas A&M University
13/17Identifying social network and mobile technology use in Hurricane Sandy
DIMACS/CCICADA WorkshopS&T Innovations in Hurricane Sandy Research
ISE - Texas A&M University
Preliminary Results
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
The effect of different information sources on evacuation decision making
No Impact
Slight Impact
Moderate Impact
Strong Impact
Introduction Background Approach Results Next Steps
ISE - Texas A&M University
14/17Identifying social network and mobile technology use in Hurricane Sandy
DIMACS/CCICADA WorkshopS&T Innovations in Hurricane Sandy Research
ISE - Texas A&M University
Preliminary Results
4
12
2
Evacuation Distance (from Evacuee Household)
<10 MILES20-5050-100100+
5
1
2
1
Evacuation Time (from Evacuee Household)
<1 HOUR1-2 HOURS2-5 HOURS10+
Introduction Background Approach Results Next Steps
ISE - Texas A&M University
15/17Identifying social network and mobile technology use in Hurricane Sandy
DIMACS/CCICADA WorkshopS&T Innovations in Hurricane Sandy Research
ISE - Texas A&M University
Preliminary Results
Facebook Twitter Google + Instagram0
1
2
3
4
5
Social networking programs used during evacuation
Used SometimesUsed DailyUsed Hourly
Introduction Background Approach Results Next Steps
ISE - Texas A&M University
16/17Identifying social network and mobile technology use in Hurricane Sandy
DIMACS/CCICADA WorkshopS&T Innovations in Hurricane Sandy Research
ISE - Texas A&M University
Next Steps
• Finish Execution of Tailored Design Method• Convert Survey Results to Electronic Format• Mine and Assess Data• Test Hypotheses• Disseminate Results
Introduction Background Approach Results Next Steps
ISE - Texas A&M University
17/17Identifying social network and mobile technology use in Hurricane Sandy
DIMACS/CCICADA WorkshopS&T Innovations in Hurricane Sandy Research
ISE - Texas A&M University
Thank You
Questions?
Justin Yates – ISE [email protected]
ETB 4079
Introduction Background Approach Results Next Steps