Israel: The Nation of Coflicts

The new nation was immediately invaded by armies from neighboring Arab states. Five Arab nations (Egypt, Syria, Jordan, Lebanon, and Iraq) attacked Israel on May 15, 1948

Israel won the 1948 Arab-Israeli War and expanded its boundaries from the UN partition plan.

Israel

Since the establishment of Israel, the country has had an ongoing conflict with the Palestinians.

Hundreds of thousands of Palestinians have been displaced and are living in poor conditions.

Conflict in Israel

Rise of the PLO The Palestine

Liberation Organization is an organization which represents the Palestinian people.

Its most famous leader was Yasser Arafat.

This organization was founded in 1964.

In 1974, the PLO was recognized by the United Nations as the representative of the Palestinian people.

The PLO has also fought militarily against Israeli occupation of its land

It has been involved in numerous terrorist acts against Israeli citizens.

Rise of the PLO

1967 War: The Six Day War Fearing attack by

Egypt, Syria, Iraq and Jordan, Israel launched a preemptive strike

Israel captured the West Bank, Gaza Strip, Sinai Peninsula and the Golan Heights.

1973 War Iraq, Egypt,

Syria, and Jordan attacked Israel.

Israelis were celebrating Yom Kippur and had not anticipated an attack.

After several weeks, a cease fire was reached.

1978 Camp David Accords The first peace

treaty between Israel and an Arab state

Israel agreed to return the Sinai Peninsula to Egypt

After the treaty, Egyptian President Anwar Sadat was shot i

1993 Oslo Accords

In 1993, the PLO and Israel signed a peace agreement to resolve the Israeli-Palestinian conflict.

The agreement included the following:

Withdrawal of Israeli forces from the Gaza Strip and the West Bank.

an Arabic word which literally means "shaking off,“

In English: Resistance Uprising rebellion

Intifadah

The Israeli government recognized the PLO as the representative of the Palestinians

The PLO recognized the right of the state of Israel to exist

The PLO also renounced terrorism, violence and its desire for the destruction of Israel.

1993 Oslo Accords

First Intifadah, 1987-1993 In 1987,

Palestinians became frustrated with their living conditions and lack of progress.

Intifada was a protest of Israel's brutal killings, torture, and unfair treatment.

Often Palestinians fought the Israelis with low tech weapons like rocks, but over time, they gained access to guns and other explosives.

By 1993- 1,162 Palestinians and 160 Israelis

had died.

First Intifadah, 1987-1993

Israel made several offers for peace Yasser Arafat rejected. Palestinians refused to sign any

agreement

2nd Intifadah, 2000-Present

The second Intifada has been far bloodier than the first. Death tolls are at 4,000.

Israel believes that Yasser Arafat was not a true partner for peace.

Evidences suggest that he has been involved in terrorist activity.

Palestinians have grown frustrated by brutal Jewish occupation.

2nd Intifadah, 2000-Present

1. Jews believe that Israel is their promised land

A. True B. False

2. Israel is in the middle of Africa A. True B. False

3. Most Palestinians speak A. Hebrew B. Arabic

Answer following Questions

4. Israel is surrounded by A. 5 Arab countries B. 24 Arab countries

5. Israel became independent state in A. 1948 B. 1944

6. Immediately after becoming an independent state, Israel was attacked by

A. Four African countries B. Five Arab countries

Answer following Questions

7. After the Holocaust, Jews were ignored by the world community

A. True B. False

8. Yasser Arafat was the leader of A. OPEC B. PLO

9. Since 1948, Jews and Arabs are living peacefully in the Middle East.

A. False B. True

Answer following Questions

10. United States has made serious efforts to bring peace between Israel and Palestine

A. False B. True

11. Do you believe that Arabs and Jews could live peacefully if Israel was not created? Explain

12. Were US peace making efforts necessary? Why?

Answer following Questions

13. Yasser Arafat was the leader of A. United Nations B. Palestinian

Liberation Organization

14. Oslo Accord was to create peace between Israel and Palestine

A. True B. False

Answer the Following

15. Camp David Accord was to punish both Palestinians and Israelis

A. True B. False

16. Intifada in Arabic means

A. Shaking off B. friendship

Answer the Following