Issue Philippine Territory

7/27/2019 Issue Philippine Territory

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National Territory

The national territory comprises the Philippinearchipelago, with all the islands and waters embracedtherein, and all other territories over which thePhilippines has sovereignty or jurisdiction, consisting

of its terrestrial, fluvial and aerial domains, includingits territorial sea, the seabed, the subsoil, the insularshelves, and other submarine areas. The waters around,

between, and connecting the islands of the archipelago,

regardless of their breadth and dimensions, form part ofthe internal waters of the Philippines.

Section I, Article I of the 1987 Philippine Constitution


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Agencies

The United Nations Convention on the Law of

the Sea(UNCLOS)

a legal orderfor the seas and oceans which will

facilitate international communication, and will

promote the peaceful uses of the seas and oceans,

the equitable and efficient utilization of their

resources, the conservation of their living

resources, and the study, protection and

preservation of the marine environment

Source: un.org


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Agencies

International Tribunal For the Law of the Sea

an independentjudicial bodyestablished by the United

Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea to adjudicate

disputes arising out of the interpretation and application ofthe Convention. The Tribunal is composed of 21

independent members, elected from among persons

enjoying the highest reputation for fairness and integrity

and of recognized competence in the field of the law of the

sea.

source: itlos.org


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Territorial Disputes

West Philippine Sea/South China Sea dispute

Sabah(Malaysia and Philippines)


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South China Sea


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South China Sea


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Claimants

China- Nine-dashed line(9 reefs)

Taiwan-Nine-dashed line (1 island, 1 reef)

Vietnam- Spratly and Paracel Island (6 islands,16 reefs, 6 banks)

Malaysia-Southern Spratly Island (1 artificial

island, 5 reefs, 1 shoal) Philippines- Spratly Islands(7 islands, 3 reef)

Brunei- two islands in Spratly Islands


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Why Bother?

Under the United Nations Convention on the

Law of the Sea, ownership of habitable islands

can extend the exclusive access of a country to

surrounding energy resources.


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Potential Drivers of Conflict

Energy: Hydrocarbons/Oil/Natural Gas

Fisheries


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Energy

Role of energy in growth and development


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DATA

2007 2008 2009 2010 AAGR (2000

to 2010)

Average Crude

Price (in

USD/Barrel)

68.4 93.6 61.7 78.0 11.6%

Total

consumption (in

MMT) 13,740 12,243 13,025 13,268

Total Production

(in MMT) 3,737 3,977 5,176 7,337 18.4%

Energy PerCapita(TOE/person) 0.49 0.50 0.49 0.49 -1.4%


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Production

Fossil Fuel>Coal>Renewable Energy>Biomass


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Consumption


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Fisheries

Fishing boats from these countries are

venturing further afield as stocks in their

respective waters become depleted

Economic importance; share in GDP and share

in the labor Force


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The Benham Rise/Plateau

confirmed to be part

of the extended

continental shelf(ECF)

of the Philippines by

the United Nations

Commission on the

Limits of theContinental Shelf on

April 12, 2012

13 million hectares


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The Potential

Rich mineral and gas deposits.

Solidified methane was found during

mapping activities and the "probability is

extremely very high" there are massive oil

deposits. Benham Rise, which is wider than

the entire Luzon, Samar, and Leyte combined.


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Harvesting the Potential

The DOE is looking to bid out portions of

Benham Rise in the PECR (Philippine Energy

Contracting Round)

Partnerships with the private sector

Surveying

Documents

Issue Philippine Territory