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2016 12 41
63 5 7
1 2
3
4 5
National Safety Council (NSC, 2016) 2 14
2015 2014 1 14 Sethi et al. (2008)
Senda 2015
1-9 2015
Ying & Ho (2001)
52
39 (Campbell, 2014) Lambie McCardle
& Coleman (2002) 5-9
1 2016
2013 2 6 2013 7
5 9 2014 4 6
5 2016 4 1 3 2016
8 11 13 12 2016
2005
2012 2011 60
42 2016 12
Squires & Busuttil 1995
1 2010 2014 2016
2011
2014
1999 1994
2006
Safe Kids Worldwide (2016)
Department for Families and Communities (DFC, 2012)
Quinn (2011)
(Harpur, Boyce, & McConnell, 2013) 2-3
5-9 (Gaynor, 2002)
1999 Peden et al. (2008) World
2016 12 43
Health Organization (WHO) United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund
(UNICEF The United Nations Children's Fund) 5 9
(Gillham, 2001)
(Kuhn, 1995; Mondozzi,
& Harper, 2001) 1999
(Squires & Busuttil, 1995) 2010 National Fire Protection Association NFPA Johns
Hopkins Center for Injury Research and Policy 4-9
(Gielen et al., 2010)
(Yang et al., 2006) 2014
2015
2016
2012 2009
2007 2012
2013
Lin Hsieh Lin 2014 B
100 97 87 97 87
95 74
Heinrich 1931 Domino Theory
Ancestry and social environment Fault of the person
Unsafe act and or mechanical or physical hazard
The accident itself The injury or damages sustained
88%
44 2016 12
3-1
2004 2006
10
4
6 20
2
3-2
2007
2016
2017
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2016 12 45
2
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2016 12 47
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1 30 33 5 5 23 76 67
16 48 48 6 6 20 0 13 39 39 7 1 3 33 4
12 12 66 67 3 4 76 28 57
58 73
57 14 52 38 6
90 48 88 89 93 65
84 13 6 35 9 52
1N N
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N NN N
N
30 17 56 67 27 90 0 20 66 67 27 90 0 3 10 0 4 13 33 23 76 6733 19 57 58 29 87 88 13 39 39 32 96 97 1 3 03 2 6 06 30 90 9163 36 57 14 56 88 89 33 52 38 59 93 65 4 6 35 6 9 52 53 84 13
4-2
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14 22 22 7 7 5 6 92 06 58 28 30
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88 89 93 94 90 0 5
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94 64 71 43
91 53 100 4
6 35
2N
1 2 3 4 5 630 1 3 33 0 0 1 3 33 7 23 33 21 70 0033 1 3 03 1 3 03 0 1 3 03 7 21 21 23 69 70
5 39 2 5 13 0 0 2 5 13 11 28 21 24 61 546 19 0 1 5 26 0 0 3 15 79 15 78 957 5 0 0 0 0 0 5 100
42 2 4 76 1 2 38 0 2 4 76 11 26 19 26 61 903 0 0 0 0 0 3 100
18 0 0 0 0 3 16 67 15 83 33
37 1 2 70 0 0 1 2 7 12 32 43 23 62 1626 1 3 85 1 3 85 0 1 3 85 2 7 69 21 80 7757 2 3 51 0 0 2 3 51 13 22 81 40 70 186 0 1 16 67 0 0 1 16 67 4 66 67
36 1 2 78 0 0 1 2 78 12 33 33 22 61 1127 1 3 70 1 3 70 0 1 3 70 2 7 41 22 81 4856 1 1 79 0 0 2 3 57 14 25 0 39 69 647 1 14 29 1 14 29 0 0 0 5 71 43
33 1 3 03 0 0 1 3 03 13 39 39 18 54 5530 1 3 33 1 3 33 0 1 3 33 1 3 33 26 86 6759 2 3 39 1 1 69 0 2 3 39 14 23 73 40 67 80
2016 12 49
4 0 0 0 0 0 4 100
632 3 17 1 1 59 0 2 3 17 14 22 22 44 69 84
Mean 5 49 SD 1 076
1. 3 8
9 5
Gillham 2001
8
9 5
7
3
1N N N
30 25 83 33 29 96 67 28 93 3333 28 84 85 31 93 94 26 78 79
5 39 30 76 92 37 94 87 32 82 056 19 18 94 74 18 94 74 17 89 477 5 5 100 5 100 5 100
42 35 83 33 39 92 86 33 78 573 3 100 3 100 3 100
18 15 83 33 18 100 18 100
37 31 83 78 36 97 30 30 81 0826 22 84 62 24 92 31 24 92 3157 48 84 21 55 96 49 49 85 966 5 83 33 5 83 33 5 83 3336 30 83 33 35 97 22 29 80 5627 23 85 19 25 92 59 25 92 5956 48 85 71 55 98 21 48 85 717 5 71 43 5 71 43 6 85 7133 27 81 82 32 96 97 26 78 7930 26 86 67 28 93 33 28 93 3359 49 83 05 56 94 92 50 84 754 4 100 00 4 100 4 100
63 53 84 13 60 95 24 54 85 71
2.
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(Gillham, 2001)
9
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50 2016 12
4
2N N N
30 25 83 33 30 100 29 96 6733 32 96 97 32 96 97 31 93 94
5 39 35 89 74 38 97 44 37 94 87
6 19 17 89 47 19 100 18 94 747 5 5 100 5 100 5 100
42 36 85 71 41 97 62 39 92 863 3 100 3 100 3 100
1818 100 18 100 18 100
37 33 89 19 37 100 36 97 3026 24 92 31 25 96 15 24 92 3157 52 91 23 56 98 25 55 96 496 5 83 33 6 100 5 83 33
36 33 91 67 35 97 22 35 97 2227 24 88 89 27 100 25 92 5956 52 92 86 55 98 21 55 98 217 5 71 43 7 100 5 71 43
33 29 87 88 32 96 97 32 96 9730 28 93 33 30 100 28 93 3359 53 89 83 58 98 31 56 94 924 4 100 00 4 100 4 100
63 57 90 48 62 98 41 60 95 24
4-3
SPSS Cronbach’s α 0.727 0.7
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1 2 3 4 5 62 df p
N N N N N N
2016 12 51
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56 2016 12
The Research on Children's Cognition with
Image Information of Unsafe Behavior to Play with Fire
Fang-Suey Lin1 Chun-Pei Hsieh1
1 Graduate School of Design, National Yunlin University of Science and Technology,
Douliou, Yunlin, Taiwan
AbstractThis study enrolled 63 children at the age of 5-7 as the research subjects to investigate their per-
ception and experiences of fire caused by the use of dangerous items of oils and information of unsafe behavioral images. The research results: 1.during the design of images, it is necessary to emphasize the features of dangerous items and acts; 2.due to life experiences about joss paper burning, some of the children suggested that using a lighter to burn paper is an acceptable behavior; 3.because children were uncertain of the properties of curtain materials, they suggested that using a lighter to burn curtain would not cause the risk of fire; 4.a gas stove is frequently used, caregivers will particularly remind children of its risk. Therefore, children relatively understood better its risk; 5.whether a family teaches children the knowledge of escape affects children’s perception of unsafe behavioral factors leading to oil-based fire.
Keywords: Child Safety Education, Fire, Image Information, Cognition, Domino Theory.
