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Jeffrey Nichols • September 25, 2001
Handheld Computers
in Higher Education
Jeffrey NicholsCarnegie Mellon University
September 25, 2001
Jeffrey Nichols • September 25, 2001
Background
I work on the Pebbles Project at Carnegie Mellon University.
Key Question “How can handheld and desktop
computers work together to help users?”
This research has led us in a number of directions.
Jeffrey Nichols • September 25, 2001
P
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DAs forDAs forntry ofntry ofothothytes andytes andocations fromocations fromxternalxternalources.ources.
DAs forDAs forntry ofntry ofothothytes andytes andocations fromocations fromxternalxternalources.ources.
Pebbles is:
Jeffrey Nichols • September 25, 2001
Handhelds in Homes
Interact with embedded computation “Smart homes” Not just speech and vision as interfaces
Interact with appliances, lights, etc. “Universal Personal Controller”
Jeffrey Nichols • September 25, 2001
Augment desktop applications Use multiple devices at the same time
Handhelds in an Office
Jeffrey Nichols • September 25, 2001
Handhelds in Meetings
Attendees use handhelds to interact andannotate presentation
Augment collaboration Take notes
Jeffrey Nichols • September 25, 2001
Handhelds in Classrooms
Data projectors for instructor’s slides Students could have computers for:
Notetaking linked to instructor’s slides In-class testing Running simulations
Jeffrey Nichols • September 25, 2001
Overview
Pebbles Project Software Use in Meetings Use in Classrooms
Other Software Other Projects Commercial Software
Demonstrations
Jeffrey Nichols • September 25, 2001
Use in Meetings
Enhance group’s collaboration and control
Jeffrey Nichols • September 25, 2001
Remote Commander
Allow PDAs to control a PC Can be used with any application Uses the standard (single) cursor Don’t have to jump up and grab
mouse Perform all mouse and
keyboard functions Use PDA like touchpad Graffiti or our own
pop-up keyboard
Jeffrey Nichols • September 25, 2001
New PocketPC version
Get PC’s screen onto PocketPC
Full view, or one-to-one zooming Scroll with iPaq’s buttons
Jeffrey Nichols • September 25, 2001
Scribble
Multiple people draw on top of whatever on PC screen, not just PowerPoint
Each user has own cursorand color
Save by PrintScreen Erase by refresh
Jeffrey Nichols • September 25, 2001
MultiCursor
For special applications that are aware of multiple inputs
E.g.: Shared Whiteboard
Single Display Groupware Multiple people, one display
Jeffrey Nichols • September 25, 2001
SlideShow Commander
For PowerPoint PC Only: Windows 95, 98, NT, 2000, ME, XP
Use PC to give the presentation Full features of PowerPoint
Use hand-held as “remote control” for PC Can wander away from the keyboard Two-way communication
View, Navigate, Highlight, Time
Jeffrey Nichols • September 25, 2001
View on Handheld: slide
Jeffrey Nichols • September 25, 2001
View on Handheld: notes
Jeffrey Nichols • September 25, 2001
View on Handheld: titles
Jeffrey Nichols • September 25, 2001
View on Handheld: time
Multi-function timer View large And in corner
Jeffrey Nichols • September 25, 2001
Control Demonstrations
Control PC applications and external devices
Easy demo and resume show
Jeffrey Nichols • September 25, 2001
Commercialized
SlideShow Commandercommercialized by:
Available at Office Depot,CompUSA, etc.
Synergy Solutions, Inc.Synergy Solutions, Inc.http://www.synsolutions.com/Synergy Solutions, Inc.Synergy Solutions, Inc.http://www.synsolutions.com/
http://www.slideshowcommander.com/http://www.slideshowcommander.com/
Jeffrey Nichols • September 25, 2001
Overview
Pebbles Project Software Use in Meetings Use in Classrooms
Other Software Other Projects Commercial Software
Demonstrations
Jeffrey Nichols • September 25, 2001
Classroom Use
Using handheld computers in classrooms Testing
Improving large lectures
Providing immediate feedback to instructor
Jeffrey Nichols • September 25, 2001
Hardware
HP donated 110 Jornada 680 and 100 720 computers Windows CE
Lucent donated Wavelan wireless cards
Jeffrey Nichols • September 25, 2001
Context
Collaborator: Prof. David Yaron of Chemistry Chemistry 09-106: Modern Chemistry II
Spring 2000 and Spring 2001 About 90 students Mostly freshmen
Loaned one Jornada and one Wavelan card to each student for the whole semester So would get used to using it Offset technical difficulties with benefits to student
Jeffrey Nichols • September 25, 2001
Wireless Andrew
CMU has nearly complete coverage of 802.11b (Wavelan) Donations from Lucent
Funding from state of Pennsylvania
Can use computers wirelessly in all classrooms and offices Most lawns, dorm rooms, etc.
Windows, Mac, Linux, Windows CE, Palm support
Jeffrey Nichols • September 25, 2001
Concept Tests
Create with html Arbitrary html tags
allowed in questions and answers Pictures, formatting, links
Use FrontPage, etc. to author
Use extra tags to indicate questions and answers
Jeffrey Nichols • September 25, 2001
Concept Test
Students allowed to answer multiple times Server stores all answers
Prof. Yaron displayedquestions and answers onthe board
Evidence that significantlycontributes to learning Mazur, E. (1997).
Peer Instruction:A User's Manual, Prentice Hall.
Jeffrey Nichols • September 25, 2001
Instructor’s View
In class, instructor sees a chart of answers
May be projected forentire class tosee
Instructions displayed forstudents at top of screen
Jeffrey Nichols • September 25, 2001
Alternative Presentations
Show 2 questions
Jeffrey Nichols • September 25, 2001
Alternative Presentations, cont.
Click on pictures to select region
Jeffrey Nichols • September 25, 2001
Results
Unfortunately, no data (yet) about effects on learning
Students thought concept tests were a valuable part of the class
Students significantly preferred using handhelds for concept tests.
Raise Hands Hold up cards Handhelds
25% 4% 63%
Jeffrey Nichols • September 25, 2001
Overview
Pebbles Project Software Use in Meetings Use in Classrooms
Other Software Other Projects Commercial Software
Demonstrations
Jeffrey Nichols • September 25, 2001
Disclaimer
Most educational work on Palm handhelds is not for teachers of higher-education
Typically for elementary schools
Typically for students
Jeffrey Nichols • September 25, 2001
Other Projects
Project Numina Very similar to our work
eClass (Classroom 2000) Networked computers in the college
classroom
Hi-CE Palm Project Palms in elementary education
Jeffrey Nichols • September 25, 2001
Very similar to our work Concept Tests within Chemistry
classrooms
More experimentation with types of questions Sliders Maps
http://aa.uncwil.edu/numina
Jeffrey Nichols • September 25, 2001
Building the classroom of the future Capturing lectures Allowing students to share notes
Handhelds are a part of this vision Notetaking devices
http://www.cc.gatech.edu/fce/eclass/
Jeffrey Nichols • September 25, 2001
Hi-CE Palm Project
Computers are great learning tools for elementary education, but handhelds are more affordable.
Hi-CE’s mission is to make Palms more accessible for teachers and students. Concept mapping Virus transfer simulator
http://www.handheld.hice-dev.org/
Jeffrey Nichols • September 25, 2001
Overview
Pebbles Project Software Use in Meetings Use in Classrooms
Other Software Other Projects Commercial Software
Demonstrations
Jeffrey Nichols • September 25, 2001
What is available?
Most software targeted for students and for lower levels of education. Typically elementary and middle
school students
Some software for teachers does exist…
Jeffrey Nichols • September 25, 2001
Where to find it?
Several web sites exist for distributing Palm software www.palmgear.com
www.handango.com
Typical retail stores CompUSA BestBuy
Jeffrey Nichols • September 25, 2001
www.palmgear.com
One of the best sites for Palm software
Organized categorically Educational->College Educational->General
Jeffrey Nichols • September 25, 2001
www.handango.com
Not just for Palm software
Jeffrey Nichols • September 25, 2001
Overview
Pebbles Project Software Use in Meetings Use in Classrooms
Other Software Other Projects Commercial Software
Demonstrations
Jeffrey Nichols • September 25, 2001
Demonstrations
Slideshow Commander Remote Commander Scribble Others…
Jeffrey Nichols • September 25, 2001
The End…
For more information see… http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~pebbles/
http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~jeffreyn/
Or e-mail me at… [email protected]