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K111 BORG+plus+DUO w/SBT-11A & SBM-20Geiger Counter
by Atomic.daveThis is ESPECIALLY a one of a kind custom
hand-made Geiger Counter built by Atomic.Dave. It is based on a
kitdesigned by the original creator of the DIY Arduino based Geiger
Counter Kit- Brohogan. For over 3 years, I havebuilt and sold about
150 of these kits, with very good results, and fantastic feedback
by ebay customers. All infor-mation for this kit is available at
the developers website and its a good idea to visit the site from
time to time asthe software and other parts of it may change,
upgrade or improve. As I have said before, this is more of a kit
forsomeone who knows a little bit about electronics but doesnt have
the time or patience to build it, or would rathersomeone else do
all the dirty work. Having been built by me, of course there willbe
some imperfections, although as minimal as possible. These
instructions willhelp you to understand the basic operation of this
meter. Once you have used ita couple times, it should be pretty
easy for you to operate.
OPERATIONOn the face of the unit starting from the top are 3
vent holes, LCDbacklit display, 2 LEDS, 2 momentary buttons, and 4
triple pole slideswitches. Follow the label to locate the listed
switches below:
VENTS (Three grilled holes just above the display)Starting from
left is the event piezo where the sound comes out for every
radiation event. Middle vent is theIR for the wireless remote
control, so when operating the remote, try to aim it to this
general location. Thenon the right is the piezo for the meters
alarm which will sound off when your meter reaches a user
selectableamount controlled by either the remote or the mode
switch.
LEDSAfter powering the GC on, you will hear the beeping of the
piezo as your SBT-11A GM tube picks up radia-tion events. The GREEN
LED is for radiation events and coincides with the beeping piezo
which can bemuted with the SND switch. The RED LED will only light
up when a set alarm threshold is reached. The piezofor the alarm
and events are located beneath the grilled vent below the display.
Both LEDS can be turned offfor indiscreet radiation monitoring. The
two switches for this operation are the two in the center of the
four.LTS and ALM Middle postion is off.
SWITCHES (MOD PWR LTS ALM SND NULL)A. MODmomentary switch does 4
things. 1- Alarm control. 2- Scaler mode start/stop. 3- Alarm 30
second mute. 4-Menu reset. 1.When you first power on the unit, you
will see:
BORG+plus +DUO SBT11-SBM20 11.1
This customized first welcome window can easily be changed if
you want, by doing a little programming in Ar-duino. Refer to the
DIY site for directions at the SOFTWARE section. But the default is
now set to the devicename, and the second line is the Geiger
Counter Tubes and the version of software that the AT328 chip is
runningwhich is version 11.1 (the newest).
Then a second window will come up with the first line showing
the current set uSv to CPM conversion rate.However, this top line
will change depending on which of the two tubes you have selected
as the switch notonly toggles between the two tubes, but also will
toggle between the tubes different uSv/hr to CPM conver-sion rate.
175 is for the SBM-20 (switch in bottom position) 318 is for the
SBT-11A tube (top position). Themiddle position of this switch
disconnects both tubes. PLEASE TURN OFF THE DEVICE WHEN
SWITCHINGBETWEEN TUBES.
175 CPM=1 uSv/h 318 CPM=1 uSv/hRunning at 5.19V Running at
5.19V
The second line refers to the current voltage that your system
is running at. This is a 5 volt system. The3000mAh 3.7v lipo
battery is boosted to 5v with a pololu booster. Everytime you start
up your GC (GeigerCounter) it will show you this so you will always
know your current voltage.
The third window will show this:Alarm Set ?Now at 500 CPM
At this point, you can push the MODE button to incrementally
change the Alarm threshold number. Onceyou stop holding down the
button and wait, it will be set to the current number shown on the
screen and willstay there until you change it either again
restarting and waiting for this part, or by using the included
remotecontrol to change it. You can also choose from units of
measurement such as CPM or uSv/h for the Alarmwith the remote. 2.
It also acts like a stopwatch starter for the scaler mode. It has
two preset times of 1 minute and 10 minute av-eraging. You can
change this with the remote, or the sketch when connected to pc.
Although it is much easierwith the remote obviously. Push the
button and the timer starts where the first line is counting down
from 60seconds. The numbers on the left are the current total
events during this timed one minute. The numbers on the
Please do NOT put any sharp objects intothese vents as damage
will occur to theGM tube mica which is behind this grill.
GM tube Select SwitchUP SBT-11ADN SBM-20
AudioOutput
ChargingStatusLED
USB Power Select
OR
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right is the seconds counting down from 60 to 0. Same thing goes
for the second line, but for 10 minutes. 3.When your alarm goes off
you can tap this button to mute the alarm for 30 seconds. 4. After
programming your unit with the wireless remote, if you want to
reset it to default settings. Hold downthis button while the unit
starts up.B. PWR Power switch controls the power and charging of
the GC. Up turns it on the GC with battery power,Middle turns it
off, and Down position is for charging the unit. To charge the GC,
push down the USB powerswitch on the left side of the GC, as well
as have the PWR switch down. When you do this, a RED LED to
theright of the USB port will remain constant RED while charging,
and will turn BLUE when charging is com-plete. If you wish to power
the unit with the USB in, and bypass the batteries for extended
periods, put thePower switch in the middle position, and push the
USB power switch UP. Always keep the USB power switchin the middle
(OFF) when powering the unit with the batteries.
C. LTS This is the Light switch that controls both the GREEN
Event LED and the LCD Backlight. Up turns onboth, Middle turns both
off, and Down turns on just the LED, and turns the Backlight off
for power saving. D. ALM The Alarm switch controls the Alarm RED
LED and Piezo. Up for both on, Middle for both off, andDown for LED
only on. This makes for a silent visual alarm.E. SND The Sound
switch controls the Event speaker. Up for tone mode, Middle for
mute, and Down forStandard Click Mode. More on Tone Mode later.F.
NULL This button is used in "Tone Mode" where clicks are replaced
by a tone which varies in pitch basedon the CPM. When pressed, a
new baseline is created for the pitch so if you are moving to an
area with ahigher background the pitch will still indicate changes
at the new level.
DISPLAY IN DEPTH:
The top line shows the CPM (updated every 5 sec. by default) and
a quick response bar graph (updated20 times / sec.). The bargraph
will be replaced with ALARM if the displayed CPM exceeds the alarm
thresh-old. It is also replaced by Vcc when it drops below 4.2V.
The second line shows the dose unit and the calculateddose. The
dose unit and the dose ratio (CPM to dose unit) are settable in the
menu (controlled by the wirelessremote or via arduino). Pressing
the Select button while in this screen will switch to the Scaler
screen . . .
Two scalers are provided, each with its own period. The scaler
on the top line is fixed at one minute andthe scaler on the bottom
line is set to a programmable period from the menu. Each scaler has
two modes -counting and ongoing. The screen on left shows both
scalers counting. A running total of the counts is dis-played,
along with the amount of time left for the scaler period. The
screen on the right shows that the oneminute scaler finished the
counting mode and is now showing the average CPM and dose rate for
the period.These values now become a moving average. The bottom
scaler can also be set to "Infinity" in the menu bysetting it below
2. This is a special mode that shows the total accumulated dose
since the scaler screen wasfirst started. Pressing the Select
button while in the scaler screen will bring you back to the main
screen.However both scalers will still be accumulating counts, so
you can go back and forth between the mainscreen and the scaler
screen and still see meaningful data.
OTHER SWITCHES, BUTTONS, PORTS, DIALSNEW TO THIS DEVICE IS THE
ADDED TM TUBE SELECT SWITCH LOCATED JUST TO THE LEFT OFTHE MOD
BUTTON ON THE LEFT SIDE. BE SURE TO POWER OFF THE UNIT BEFORE
SWITCHINGBETWEEN TUBES. UP FOR SBT-11A, MIDDLE IS BOTH OFF, AND
DOWN IS FOR THE SBM-20.
A. Just to the right of the NULL switch is the LCD contrast
dial. As the LCD is used, it might get to apoint for you to
readjust the contrast for it. Not a big deal, while the backlight
is on, gently take a small screw-driver and turn it to the left or
right until it appears to have the best contrast.
B. Located on the lower left side is the OUTPUT multi-port used
for Geiger Bot (with the included G-Botcable), and for Geiger Graph
(with the optional USB cable) Just plug in the Geiger Bot cable
into this with the3 conductor plug, and the 4 conductor into your
iphone or ipad. It also serves as a mono audio output forsilent
listening with headphones, or with any 3 conductor to 3 conductor
M-M audio cable, you can run soundbased data logging software or
amplify the clicking.
C. Just to the left of the MOD button is the USB power and
charge control switch. If you want to power the GCwithout using the
batteries- 1. Turn off the GC battery by switching PWR to middle
position. 2. plug in the USBcable, and other end to any 5v source
such as a wall charger, cigarette adapter, pc, mac or laptop usb
output. 3.Flip switch to the Up POWER position. To charge the GC-
1. Push PWR switch down to CHARGE position. 2. Pluginto USB source.
3. Push USB switch to the down CHARGE position. When you do this, a
RED LED comes on tothe right of the USB port and will remain RED
till it is done charging, then the RED LED will become BLUE.
Duringnormal operation with battery, keep this switch in the middle
OFF position.
D. On the lower right side is the Mini USB FTDI output/input for
programming in Arduino. This also isused to charge the internal
Lithium Ion battery (with the power switch in the bottome
position.) Or it can beused to power the GC for extended periods,
however when you power it this way, I would advise to turn offthe
LCD backlight. But its ok to turn it on once in a while, but I
wouldnt leave it on for extended periods.When uploading any new
changes to the program sketch, you will need to have the USB PWR
switch in the
SCALER SCREEN
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up position white it is plugged into your pc with the USB cable.
This same USB is used for an output to two different usb based FREE
RadiationLogging softwares. Both are PC based and not available for
mac.
REMOTE CONTROL SYSTEMThis adds some conveniences such as the
ability to adjust certain things on the GC without the need to plug
into your PC or mac. It is al-
ready setup to work. All you have to do is point the remote
towards the IR window (above the display behind the steel speaker
grill), and push theMENU button on the remote to start. As soon as
you do that these options will pop up:
MENU OPTIONSInitially, the menu options are set to defaults.
Settings made will be stored in EEPROM on the ATmega328, so they
will be in effect when youpower back on. Pressing and holding the
Select button at power on will reset all menu settings back to
their default settings. Here's a brief de-scription of each menu
option along with its default setting: DISP PERIOD (MS) - The
number of milliseconds before the display refreshes. 5000 (5 sec.)
is a good setting.(Display counts are based on a "running average"
I do not recommend settings of less than 5 seconds.)LOG PERIOD -
Interval to write the CPM, 'dose', and MCU voltage to the serial
output. Default = 1 minute Zero means logging is turned
off.CPM->[DOSE] RATIO - Sets that ratio for the type of GM tube
used. Default = 175.43 CPM and 100 CPM to dose unit (uSv) Note this
ratio will dependon the dose unit being displayed - see DOSE UNIT.
Also note that 2 ratios can be stored. The second ratio can be
selected by the Tube Switch. De-pending on the position of the
switch this menu option will set the value for either the 1st or
2nd ratio. 175.43 is the common default for the SBM-20 and100 for
the LDN 712. The DEC PNT or AV/TV key on the remote can be used to
enter a decimal point.ALARM THRESHOLD - When the CPM or DOSE units
is greater than this value the alarm is triggered. Default = 500
CPM This can be either inCPM or the dose unit selected see ALARM
UNIT. Zero means the alarm is turned off. Unlike using the Select
button, any value may be en-tered. The alarm will stop when
activity drops back under the alarm threshold. You can also silence
the alarm for 30 seconds by pressing the Se-lect button when the
alarm is sounding.DOSE UNIT - Use the arrow keys to select the name
of the unit for the dose value - "uSv/h", "uR/h" or "mR/h". Default
= uSv/hALARM UNIT - Sets whether the alarm is based off of CPM or
the DOSE unit. Use the arrow keys to select. Default = CPMSCALER
PER (MIN) - Sets the period for the second scaler. Default = 10
minutes If scaler period set to "Infinite" (setting below 2) , the
accumu-lated dose rate is displayed on the scaler screen.BARGRAPH
MAX CPM - Sets the CPM that will give a full scale reading on the
bar graph. Default = 1000 CPM Also see the Tone Mode sectionfor how
this option affects tone mode.TONE SENSITIVITY - Determines how
sensitive the tone is to changing activity. Default = 4 Low numbers
are more sensitive. (see below)USE RADLOGGER? - When "Yes" serial
output is compatible with Radiation Logger and RadLog applications.
Default = OFFREG. VOLTAGE - Displays the voltage powering the MCU
(Vcc). To a large degree, this represents the state of the
battery.Note that each menu setting has a minimum and a maximum
setting. Entries that are out of bounds will revert to the minimum
or maximum.
Function of Keys on the RemoteThe functions for the various keys
on the remote are as follows:
Enters menu system. The current selection is highlighted and the
selections before and after are shown. Pressingthe Menu key while
in the menus exits them.Moves down to the next menu option, or up
to the previous menu option.>> Increments the value already
set for the current option or toggle the option. after using
digits.Enters a decimal point when setting CPM->(unit). If C is
used when out of the menu - it will clear the graph data ifon the
main screen and clear the scaler counts if in the scaler
screen.(Mute) Silence the speaker - used when out of the
menu.(Select) Switches between the main screen and scaler screen -
used when out of the menu.Switches between the main screen and the
Info screen - used when out of the menu.Any other key if in the
menu system the key code for unknown keys will display.
ABOUT DOSE UNITSThe menu allows you select the name of the dose
unit that appears on the display. However, to be clear, there is no
built in conversion betweenthem. Instead the CPM->(unit) is
adjusted depending on the name of the DOSE UNIT selected. For
example, 175.43 is the default set for theSBM-20 with uSv as the
dose unit. Suppose you pick "mR" as the dose unit name, and want to
measure in milirems. ("mR" more correctly abbre-viates as
milliroentgens but is used to save display space.) The rem is
defined as .01 seivert, and 1uSv = 0.1mR. Therefore, to use the
same ratiothat was designed for the tube, you would multiply that
ratio by 10. You would enter a CPM->(unit) as 175.43 x 10 or
1754.3. Likewise if youwanted microrems ("uR") you would divide the
ratio by 10 and enter 17.54.If you do want to use roentgens
("exposure" - used in older instruments) this source states that
they are .96 rem in soft tissue. So the CPM->(unit) for actual
mR would be 175.43 x 10 x .96 or 1684.1. (for uR it would be
16.84)
TONE MODEInstead of the usual 'clicks', tone mode produces tones
that vary in frequency with the current activity - much like a
metal detector. There is alsoan associated "null" button that
resets the scale to the current activity. Tone mode is very
responsive to changes in activity, and the change inpitch is much
more noticeable than a change in the rate of clicks. It was
primarily designed for field surveying. The sensitivity of the tone
mode isset by the TONE SENSITIVITY menu option. Sensitivity refers
to the 'bandwidth' of the tone. When set to low numbers, say 4 (the
default) only a
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small increase in activity is needed to produce higher tones.
When dealing with more sensitive GM tubes, decrease the sensitivity
by using avalue of say 8 or 10. Experiment with values that suit
your ear.The BARGRAPH MAX CPM menu setting also affects tone mode
by defining the CPM that will produce the highest frequency of
tone. Normallythis is set to highest CPM for situation and tube
being used. In order to get the best spectrum of tones, tone mode
is based on a logarithmic pro-gression rather than a linear one.
This fits with the fact that radiation intensity is inversely
proportional to the square of the distance from thesource. The
"null button" resets the range of tones so that the low notes are
set back to the current activity. This is a useful feature when
switchingfrom a low to a high background for instance. The null
button removes the higher background so increased activity may be
more easily discerned.
SETTING UP TONE MODE1. Set the proper conversion ratio for your
tube. With the proper ratio set, the null point will automatically
be set when the counter is powered onso normal background radiation
is ignored. 2. Place a sample of the mineral or other radioactive
item you are trying to detect approximately oneinch from the
detector. Note the CPM reading after it has stabilized. 3. In the
menu, set the BARGRAPH MAX CPM to the CPM value you notedin step 2.
4. Adjust the tone sensitivity setting to suit your preferences.
For most mildly radioactive items (such as red Fiestaware),
sensitivity set-tings from 1-5 work well. The ideal value varies
depending on the activity level of the target object, the tube, and
the distance. Lower settingscause the tone to increase in frequency
faster in response to smaller changes in the count rate. Higher
settings cause the frequency to increasemuch more slowly for
changes in count rate. When the sensitivity setting is 0, the
frequency will jump very rapidly from the lowest frequency tothe
highest one. This setting is useful to quickly scan an area to
determine if there are hot spots. You will likely want to change
the setting to ahigher number to help locate the hot spot.
LOGGINGLogging is provided in the form of serial output through
the FTDI connector at 9600 baud, N,8,1. The frequency to send the
serial output is deter-mined by the LOG PERIOD menu setting. The
default format has a header on the first line with each line of
data in comma separated values forCPM, Dose. and Vcc. For example,
36,0.2052,4.79 (36 CPM, 0.2052 dose, 4.79V) When USE RADLOGGER? is
set, no header is cre-ated, and only CPM is output. This setting is
used when connecting the serial output to the Radiation Logger
application.
RADIATION LOGGERThis may be the simplest application to
interface to and provides some very nice features. It's a Windows
freeware application available on thissite. It was originally
intended to work with a clone of the Geiger kit sold there.
Beginning with v10.1 the Geiger kit can interface to this
applicationby setting a menu option USE RADLOGGER? to "Yes" and
setting LOG PERIOD to either 5 or 10 seconds. The application
expects only CPMfrom the serial port in either 5 or 10 second
intervals and combines it with the local time. Setup the parameters
on the logging application by se-lecting the comm port and the baud
- 9600. It does a great job logging and graphing. Logs can be saved
and graphed at a later time. It may bethe best logging and graphing
application I've run into. All that is needed to use it with the
kit is v10.1+ software and a USB to serial dongle.
RADMON.ORGThis is a very unique approach that maps and graphs
the output collected at the PC to a web site. This allows you to
compare your readings withother's around the globe. It is very easy
to get this working with the kit . . . Register and download the
application from radmon.org. Set the menuoptions on the kit to: USE
RADLOGGER? = "Yes" and set LOG PERIOD to at least 30 seconds.
(Unlike the Radiation Logger above, you can setlonger periods if
you wish.) Run the application you downloaded, set the comm port to
your FTDI cable, the baud to 9600, and enter the user-name and
password you registered with. You will also see the kits output on
your PC and also on the radmon.org website.
SOFTWARE SWITCHESIf you are willing to load the software, modify
it, and upload it, you can set #defines to change certain behavior
or add special features to the pro-gram. In general all the common
features are enabled and you don't have to mess with it. But if,
for example, you want to use a 2x8 LCD, you sim-ply change a
#define, and upload the new release.
All user based #defines are located at the beginning of the
sketch and may change based on the version. Below is a list of the
most interestingdefines in the current version.
EIGHT_CHAR - formats for 2x8 LCD when true DOGM_LCD -DogM LCD
used for display (SPI interface) IR_RC5 - use Phillips RC5 IR
protocol instead of Sony ANALOG_METER - support for analog meter
output - REQUIRES HARDWARE - see this project TONE_POT_ADJ if set,
a 100k pot can be used to set TONE SENSITIVITY instead of the menu
option. SELF_TEST - adds one to each counter every 167ms -
simulates a ~360CPM count
There are step by step instructions on installing the Arduino
IDE and uploading new software.
ARDUINO SETTINGS: Brohogan Software system version 10.3C1. Open
Arduino2. Open the saved sketch .ino file, connect your Geiger
counter to the USB with power switch off.3. Verify the file by
clicking the little check mark icon.4. Click TOOLS, and Select
Board type as Arduino UNO, and select serial port as the top tty
choice.5. Click Serial Monitor (top right looking glass icon). Set
Baud rate to 9600 and you should see the CPM, uSv and geiger
counter voltage data comingup once per minute.For more info go to
website under Software section on the DIY geiger counter website.
Or go to Arduino.cc
PLEASE REFER TO THE DIY GEIGER COUNTER DEVELOPERS WEBSITE FOR
FURTHER
INFORMATION:http://www.sites.google.com/site/diygeigercounter/
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GEIGER BOT SUGGESTED SETTINGS: (You may have to play with it to
get it just right) GO TO:
https://sites.google.com/site/geigerbot/
ARDUINO Software and Serial-USB connection information:ON the cd
you will find the FTDI driver and Arduino program version 1.
Install both and restart your mac. Copy the Geiger Sketch folder to
thesame folder as your Arduino program is and remember where that
is as that will be where you go to save your sketch everytime you
make achange to it. There will also be a Library folder that will
also need to be in the same folder. Just remember that the folder
has to be the same exactname as the sketch name is. And also within
Arduino, you will have to go to preferences and show Arduino where
your default sketch folder is.
HARDWARE1. DIY Geiger counter kit V5.3 by Brohogan, Running
operating system 10.32. Power System by Seeed Studio, Sparkfun and
Pololu (please charge the unit VIA USB until the RED light turns
BLUE)A. You can power the Geiger in a couple different ways 1. With
internal Lipo battery2. With PWR switch OFF (middle), USB SWITCH
UP, USB cable plugged into USB port then plugged into:
a. Computer or laptop USBb. Wall charger block- This is the
fastest way to charge the battery. (USE THE LOWER 1.0AMP SLOT)c.
Standard 5v USB Cigarette adapter d. To power and operate the unit
this way for long periods, I would suggest to TURN OFF BACKLIGHT to
conserve the life of the LCD.
POWER and OTHER SYSTEM ITEMS: This system is capable of
producing 900+ volts, so be careful or you may get zapped when
han-dling the system while it is powered on.
A. SEEED Studio Lithium Ion battery - 3.7v 3000mAh Full charge
provides approximately 16 hours constant use of geiger counter with
backlight off. Charge with PC/USB will take about 5 hours or more.
SWITCH PWR DOWN, AND USB SWITCH DOWN
B. USB Lithium Polymer battery chargerC. Pololu 5V Step-Up
Voltage Regulator U1V10F5 http://www.pololu.com/product/2564D.
Sparkfun 5V FTDI Basic Breakout
Russian Geiger Tube SBT-11A For alpha, beta and gammaGENERAL
SPECIFICATIONSVoltage of start of counting 260-320 VOperating
Current each section (uA) 0.5-1.1Recommended Operating Voltage 400
VPlateau Length/ Inclination - 80V/0.5%/VOwn Background (Pulses/s)
0.6 Dimensions 55 mm x 29 mm
ENCLOSURE: Serpac H75 Dimensions: 182.9mm X 92.7mm X
30.5mmhttp://www.serpac.com/h75.aspx
REPAIRS:If the unit fails for some reason within 6 months of
purchase, I will be more than happy to do any maintenance you need
at no charge except forparts and shipping. The SBT-11A and SBM-20
GM tubes are sold AS IS and not warranted under this repair.
PACKAGE CONTENTS:In your package you will find: BORG Geiger
Counter, Lead Pig w/ Sample, Remote Control, (2) Cables: Geiger bot
3 to 4 conductor, Mini USB to standard USB2. CD with pro-gram
sketch, photos, documents, Manual, RAD sticker, and extra faceplate
labels. FREE UV keychain flashlight with batteries while supplies
last.
THE GEIGER KIT IS NOT INTENDED TO GUIDE ACTIONS TO TAKE, OR NOT
TO TAKE, REGARDING EXPOSURE TO RADIATION. THE GEIGER KIT AND IT'S
SOFTWARE ARE FOR EDUCATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY.
DO NOT RELY ON THEM IN HAZARDOUS SITUATIONS!
Russian Geiger Tube SBM-20 for beta, gamma, Recommended Anode
Resistor (meg ohm) 4.7Recommended Operating Voltage (volts)
400Operating Voltage Range (volts) 350 - 475Initial voltage (volts)
260 - 320Plateau length (volts) at least 100Maximum Plateau Slope
(%/100 volts) 10Minimum Dead Time (at U=400V, micro sec) 190Working
range (mkR/s) 0.004 - 40Working range (mR/h) 0.014 - 144Gamma
Sensitivity Ra226 (cps/mR/hr) 29Gamma Sensitivity Co60 (cps/mR/hr)
22Inherent counter background (cps) 1Tube Capacitance (pf) 4.2
Geiger Bot works best with the default settings.
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ALPHA BETA G
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SBT-11A
SBM-20
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