Ka Pili KaiUniversity of Hawaiÿi Sea Grant College Program Vol. 33, No. 4 Winter 2011

UH Sea Grant Highlights from 2011

University of Hawai‘i Sea Grant College Program

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Ka Pili Kai Contents Vol 33, No. 4

In this issue of Ka Pili Kai...The end of one calendar year and the beginning of another is always a time for reflection, as well as a time to look to the future with renewed hope and expectations. As we look back on 2011 it is with great sadness that we mark the passing of Peter J. Rappa whose humor, dedication, and passion for life and for Sea Grant’s mission was an inspiration to everyone he knew. If you had the good fortune to have known Peter you will realize, as you read through this issue, that his legacy still lives on through many of the programs that are highlighted on these pages. While a simple paragraph cannot begin to capture the 30 years he spent at Sea Grant, we can look to all the people that were touched by him, and that are still positively influenced every day by the work he was involved with, and know that he will never be forgotten. This issue is dedicated to Peter.

Cindy Knapman Communications Leader

Ka Pili Kai (ISSN 1550-641X) is published quarterly by the University of Hawai‘i Sea Grant College Program (UH Sea Grant), School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology (SOEST). UH Sea Grant is a unique partnership of university, government and industry, focusing on marine research, education and advisory/extension services.

University of Hawai‘i Sea Grant College Program 2525 Correa Road, HIG 208 Honolulu, HI 96822

Director: E. Gordon Grau, Ph.D.

Communications Leader: Cindy Knapman

Multimedia Specialist: Heather Dudock

Periodicals postage paid at Honolulu, HI

Postmaster: Send address changes to: Ka Pili Kai, 2525 Correa Road, HIG 208 Honolulu, HI 96822(808) 956-7410; fax: (808) 956-3014uhsgcomm@hawaii.eduwww.soest.hawaii.edu/seagrant

The University of Hawaiÿi was designated a Sea Grant College in 1972, following the National Sea Grant College and Program Act of 1966.

Ka Pili Kai is funded by a grant from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, project C/CC-1, sponsored by the University of Hawaiÿi Sea Grant College Program/SOEST, under Institutional Grant No. NA05OAR4170060 from the NOAA Office of Sea Grant, Department of Commerce. The views expressed herein are those of the authors only.

UNIHI-SEAGRANT-NP-11-07

Ka Pili Kai Editor: Cindy Knapman

Layout and Design: Heather Dudock

On the Cover: View of Egit Island in the Republic of the Marshall Islands from Majuro Atoll at low tide.

Egit Island was one of two islands that became a "temporary" home to Bikini islanders that were displaced due to nuclear testing in the 1950’s and 60’s. Photo: Dolan Eversole

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4 O‘ahu Highlights

6 Hawai‘i Island Highlights

7 Maui Highlights

8 Kaua‘i Highlights

9 Publication Highlights

10 Pacific Region Highlights

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Center for ISland ClImate adaptatIon and polICy The Center for Island Climate Adaptation and Policy (ICAP) facilitates a sustainable, climate-conscious future for Hawai‘i, the Pacific, and global island communities. A partnership among UH Sea Grant, the William S. Richardson School of Law, the School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology, the College of Social Sciences, and the Hawai‘inuiäkea School of Hawaiian Knowledge, ICAP serves as a focal point for University of Hawai‘i climate adaptation expertise.

Center for Smart BUIldInG and CommUnIty deSIGnIn 2004, UH Sea Grant formed a unique partnership with the School of Architecture to establish the Center for Smart Building and Community Design. This center was created to find long-term solutions to the increasingly urbanized coastal communities and positively address the issues related to buildings and their impacts on the natural and human environments in coastal areas.

Center for marIne SCIenCe edUCatIonThe Center for Marine Science Education, a partnership between the UH Curriculum Research and Development Group and UH Sea Grant, is dedicated to building partnerships that enhance marine science education at all levels

in order to foster understanding of the natural world and the role of humans in protecting and sustaining it.

Center for SUStaInaBle aqUaCUltUreUH Sea Grant partnered with the Pacific Aquaculture and Coastal Resources Center at UH Hilo to form a Center of Excellence in Sustainable Aquaculture, which explores the many facets of the industry and applies national aquaculture concerns and opportunities to help address those of the developing industries of Hawai‘i and the Pacific.

Center for SUStaInaBle CoaStal toUrISm The Center for Sustainable Coastal Tourism promotes the development of a sustainable and economically productive tourism industry in Hawai‘i to minimize its environmental footprint, encourage stewardship of precious coastal resources, and foster respect for all residents. This center is a collaboration among UH Sea Grant, the School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology, the William S. Richardson School of Law, the College of Social Sciences, the School of Travel Industry Management, the Hawai‘inuiäkea School of Hawaiian Knowledge, and the School of Architecture.

Highlights University of Hawai‘i sea Grant ColleGe ProGram 2011

A new initiative, inspired by the University of Hawai‘i Sea Grant College Program (UH Sea Grant), has amplified its capacity to build coastal sustainability and resiliency throughout Hawai‘i and the U.S. Pacific. Partnering with numerous faculty and institutions, a new operational model for Sea Grant that is based fundamentally on enhanced collaboration – the Center of Excellence model – has been established. UH Sea Grant’s traditional excellence in marine and coastal extension, research, and education now brings the capabilities of a large swath of our university into the service of coastal communities. The talented and innovative faculty who graciously agreed to serve as directors of our newly-created centers of excellence embraced this vision to combine the powerful yet discrete schools and departments within the university system, and enhance our ability to connect with, and better serve, the people of Hawai‘i.

o‘ahuo‘aHU

Jennifer Barrett, Waikïkï Coastal

Coordinator; Andrew Bohlander, Shoreline

Specialist; Maxine Burkett, Director, Center for Island

Climate Adaptation and Policy; Craig Coleman, Project Manager, Energy and Greenhouse

Gas Solutions; Chris Conger, Coastal

Management Specialist; Alyssa Gunderson, Fluid

Earth Project Manager; Dolan

Eversole, NOAA Sea Grant Coastal Storms Program Coordinator,

Pacific Region; Kimberlee Harding, Fisheries Extension

Agent; Dennis Hwang, Coastal

Hazard Mitigation Specialist;

Denise Konan, Director, Center for Sustainable Coastal

Tourism; 4 Ka Pili Kai

UH Sea Grant extension faculty and staff on the

island of O‘ahu include:

HiGHliGHtspromote education and Stewardship at the Hanauma Bay nature preserveApproximately one million annual visitors to Hanauma Bay are educated on the value of marine resources and reef etiquette through the award-winning UH Sea Grant Hanauma Bay Education Program. The program also educates visiting schools and hosts marine and conservation related evening presentations for the public.

learn from the Voices of yesterdayBetween 1834 and the late 1940’s, more than 100 newspaper publications equaling approximately 125,000 pages of text in the native Hawaiian language were published for an avid and highly literate public. Since the pressing issues of today are often echoed in the voices of yesterday, UH Sea Grant formed an exciting collaboration with the Hawai‘inuiäkea School of Hawaiian Knowledge and others to identify and translate selected coastal resources related articles from this collection. In addition, the availability of proficient translators is extremely scarce, so another important component of the project is to train the next generation of

translators. This collection of articles translated to date has only just started to open up these written voices of Hawai'i’s past.

Support research in Sustainable Coastal tourismTo address the challenges and promote sustainability and stewardship of Hawai‘i’s coastal and marine resources, UH Sea Grant’s Center for Sustainable Coastal Tourism developed a Sustainable Coastal Tourism Fellowship program and appointed four faculty members to serve as the inaugural fellows. Each fellow received a stipend of approximately $10,000 to support their research, half of which was sponsored by Kyo-ya Hotels & Resorts with the remainder provided by UH Sea Grant. The goal of the program is to expose fellows to the needs and issues of Hawai‘i’s tourism industry in an effort to produce scholarship that addresses these challenges.

enhance Understanding and Stewardship of Coastal and ocean environmentsJennifer Barrett, UH Sea Grant Waikïkï Coastal Coordinator, developed and managed several marine education and training programs in 2011. In total, two dozen training classes were offered to community members who in turn donated more than 2,000 volunteer hours to conduct coastal monitoring and marine education outreach in Waikïkï and beyond. This includes the launch of an afterschool ocean science club at Jefferson Elementary School and two Ocean Awareness Training workshops which were offered to residents interested in learning more about protected species, coral reef ecology, marine life

o‘ahu Elizabeth (Liz) Kumabe Maynard, Regional Environmental Education Specialist; Stephen Meder, Director, UH Sea Grant Center for Smart Building and Community Design; Chris Ostrander, PacIOOS Director; Eileen Peppard, Sustainability Specialist; Kanesa Duncan Seraphin, Director, UH Sea Grant Center for Marine Science Education; Jolie Wanger, Maunalua Bay Coastal and Watershed Coordinator. UH Sea Grant Hanauma Bay Education Program staff: Shawn Carrier, Brooke Cleveland, Morgan Mamizuka, Gavin Iwai, and Anne Rosa

For contact information, please call (808) 956-7410 or visit our website http://seagrant.soest.hawaii.edu.

identification, marine debris, and current ocean conservation efforts. In addition, in collaboration with NOAA and the Coral Reef Alliance, good reef etiquette and responsible marine life viewing guidelines were incorporated into the Aston Hotels & Resorts 2011 Aloha Book. With more than 120,000 books distributed on O‘ahu, these conservation messages were estimated to reach several hundred thousand Aston guests during 2011.

encourage discussion on Critical Issues facing Hawai‘i In collaboration with the Kamakakuokalani Center for Hawaiian Studies and the Ka Huli Ao Center for Excellence in Native Hawaiian Law, the UH Sea Grant Center for Island Climate Adaptation and Policy organized a series of campus and community forums at UH Mänoa. The forums brought together natural resource specialists and decision-makers to review critical issues facing our islands and explore practical approaches to adapt to a changing climate.

partner with Chancellor of UH mänoa on energy Savings In December 2011, Professor Stephen Meder, director of the UH Sea Grant Center for Smart

Building and Community Design, and UH Mänoa Chancellor Virginia Hinshaw, were invited to participate in a White House Better Buildings Challenge for their national leadership in setting and achieving energy goals for the campus and the state. In particular, they were recognized for the proposed renovations to Kuykendall Hall on the UH Mänoa campus, which after construction will be the first high-performance net zero energy (non-fossil fuel dependent) retrofitted building in the state. It will be an example for UH and Hawai‘i and provide the campus with a high-performance, low-cost, low-energy building that will enhance teaching and work environments and improve the quality of life on the campus.

engage Community and local Students through Hands-on marine Science education Hosted by the School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology (SOEST), UH Sea Grant and a range of marine scientists, students, professionals, and organizations provided hands-on marine science learning activities and exhibits for over 6,000 Hawai‘i students during the 11th biennial SOEST Open House event in October.

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hawai‘i islandHawai‘i island

Chatal Chung, Assistant to the

Coastal Resources Extension Agent;

Maria Haws, Aquaculture

Extension Specialist;

Kevin Hopkins, Director, Center for Sustainable

Aquaculture; Sara Peck, Coastal

Resources Extension Agent

(retired)

UH Sea Grant extension faculty

and staff on the island of Hawai‘i

include:

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HiGHliGHts

Shellfish Hatchery in Hilo assists Washington oyster IndustryThe shellfish hatchery at the Pacific Aquaculture and Coastal Resources Center (PACRC), directed by Dr. Maria Haws, is coming to the end of its third hatchery season in which PACRC has been supporting Washington oyster farmers who were hit hard by the scarcity of oyster seed brought on by ocean acidification. The Oregon and Washington coasts have one of the most rapid rates of ocean acidification in the world, and this has affected the local hatcheries since young oyster larvae cannot build their shells if the water is too acid. Perhaps more alarming to the farmers who also rely partially on wild set to supply their farms with young oysters is that there had not been any wild settlement for nearly four years, an indication of an ecosystem in serious trouble. The PACRC was approached to help out with this dire situation by conducting research on oyster larvae and supplying some of the Washington farms with oyster seed to help out in the crisis. As

of the end of this third year of work with industry cooperators, the PACRC shellfish hatchery has supplied over 2.5 billion oyster larvae and 3 million set oyster spat to help the industry.

Conduct Coastal Hazard preparation Workshops The second edition of the Homeowners Handbook to Prepare for Natural Hazards by Dennis J. Hwang and Darren K. Okimoto was published this summer. It includes new information on protecting people and property from natural hazards, updated emergency contact numbers, interactive links, and much more. The information contained in the handbook was shared with communities throughout the state in June and July through six workshops, two on O‘ahu (Honolulu and Kapolei), two on island of Hawai‘i (Hilo and Kona) and one each for Kaua‘i and Maui. UH Sea Grant organized and participated in the workshops along with the National Weather Service, NOAA Sea Grant Coastal Storms Program, the American Red Cross – Hawai‘i Chapter, Civil Defense agencies for Maui, Kaua‘i and Hawai‘i, the O‘ahu Department of Emergency Management, and many other partners.

mauimaUi

Robert Howerton, Aquaculture Extension Specialist; Tara Miller Owens, Coastal Processes Extension Agent

UH Sea Grant extension faculty on the island of Maui include:

For contact information, please call (808) 956-7410 or visit our website http://seagrant.soest.hawaii.edu.

HiGHliGHtsdevelop marine Science CurriculumThe Center for Marine Science Education is working with the University of Hawai‘i College of Education Curriculum Research & Development Group and the Distance Course Design and Consulting Group on a marine science research project that encompasses a modularized Exploring Our Fluid Earth (EOFE) curriculum (which covers physical, chemical, biological, and ecological aquatic science), a corresponding professional development program for teachers, Teaching Science as Inquiry (TSI-Aquatic), and an online learning community where educators can access curriculum materials, interact, and share resources. This research is funded by the U.S. Department of Education Institute of Education Sciences and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Currently, more than 40 middle and high school teachers from throughout the islands of Hawai‘i, Maui, Moloka‘i, Lana‘i, O‘ahu, and Kaua‘i are piloting the TSI-Aquatic professional development and contributing to the revision and development of the EOFE curriculum and online learning community.

provide planning recommendations for adapting to Sea-level rise With funding from the National Sea Grant Law Center, coastal hazards extension agents Tara Owens, Andy Bohlander, and Dennis Hwang have facilitated coastal zone management planners from Maui and Hawai‘i counties through a proactive process to address planning challenges associated with sea-level rise. This is being accomplished by analyzing the existing policy framework for regulating development activities in the shoreline setback area and providing recommendations to support adaptive planning for sea-level rise in both counties. Final recommendations will be compiled in a report to be released to local decision-makers in February 2012.

expand Backyard aquacultureCommercial aquaponics continues to expand throughout the state of Hawai‘i. In addition to commercial scale aquaponics, small-scale, backyard, and hobbyist producers have also increased significantly over the past year. Educational institutions including elementary, intermediate, and high schools are using aquaponics systems as tools to teach a wide variety of subject matters to students. 7 Ka Pili Kai

kaua‘ikaUa‘i

UH Sea Grant extension faculty

on the island of Kaua‘i include:

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Adam Asquith, Extension Specialist

For contact information,

please call (808) 956-7410 or visit

our website http://seagrant.soest.

hawaii.edu.

promote Sustainability on Kaua‘iDr. Adam Asquith has been using traditional Hawaiian values to help Kaua‘i regain a sense of responsibility for sustainable living. Working with the UH Center for Conservation Research and Training under an EPSCoR (the Experimental Program to Stimulate Competitive Research) National Science Foundation program on climate change, he delivers education, techniques, and tools to address energy needs, greenhouse gas emissions, and sustainable local food production. He has been developing, testing and promoting small scale units to utilize local biomass for heat, energy, and charcoal production. The charcoal is incorporated as a soil amendment for farming, thus achieving permanent carbon sequestration and improving soil fertility and improved crop production. He has also demonstrated the production of clean gas for engine power from locally produced gasifier units, which convert a solid or liquid into

HiGHliGHts

assist in the development of Shoreline Setback rulesUH Sea Grant is working with the Kaua‘i County Planning Department on the final shoreline setback rules for the island. Currently, Kaua‘i has interim rules in place, which UH Sea Grant helped the Kaua‘i County Council develop. It is anticipated that the new rules will lead to safer development along the coast while easing regulatory burdens for minor activities. The interim shoreline setback is based on a planning period of 70 years multiplied by an annual average erosion rate. In addition, there is a 40-foot buffer that consists of a 20-foot emergency design component and a 20-foot storm erosion event. The concepts utilized were developed in UH Sea Grant’s Hawaii Coastal Hazard Mitigation Guidebook.

a gas. He has also identified and tested local, sustainable feedstock that allows for carbon negative power generation and food production.

kaua‘i

for more information, please visit our website and click on Bookstore or call (808) 956-7410.

UH sea Grant PUbliCation HiGHliGHts

http://seagrant.soest.hawaii.edu

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Homeowner’s Handbook to PrePare for natural Hazards -second edition by Dennis J. Hwang and Darren K. Okimoto

the second edition of the Homeowners Handbook to Prepare for Natural Hazards by dennis J. Hwang and darren K. okimoto was published in the summer of 2011. this edition includes more options for homeowners to protect themselves from high wind events with window shutters and an important step-by-step guide on how most houses in the state can be strengthened with hurricane clips. In addition, there is new guidance for evacuation from a local tsunami and much more.

dennis Hwang, UH Sea Grant faculty and attorney, and dr. darren okimoto, UH Sea Grant extension leader, developed the Homeowner’s Handbook to Prepare for Natural Hazards. Similar books have been, or are in the process of being produced, for the Sea Grant programs in mississippi, alabama, texas, louisiana, and delaware.

snorkeler’s Guide to tHe fisHes of Hanauma bay by John E. Randall

this 65-page waterproof fish guide provides full color photographs, names, and descriptions of the fishes most commonly viewed by snorkelers and swimmers at Hanauma Bay.

Hawaiian reef Plants by John M. Huisman, Isabella A. Abbott, Celia M. Smith

Hawaiian Reef Plants is an easy-to-use yet comprehensive guide on nearly all species of marine plants present in Hawai‘i accompanied by stunning photographs and illustrations. Its 264 pages include keys, descriptions, introductory chapters, sections on Hawaiian use of seaweeds, and much more.

Hawai‘i’s cHanGinG climate by Charles (Chip) Fletcher

this briefing sheet describes what is known in answer to the question “How is global warming influencing the climate in Hawai‘i?” as published in peer-reviewed scientific journals and in government reports and websites.

reef and sHore fisHes of tHe Hawaiian islands by John E. Randall

Containing 1007 illustrations, this 560-page volume covers the 612 species of fishes found in the Hawaiian archipelago from the shore to 200 meters depth. the author regards this as his finest publication, the result of 47 years of study of Hawaiian fish fauna.

e malama i nä ‘Äina kumu wai o maunalua: a watersHed Handbook for tHe residents of maunalua by Jolie R. Wanger this handbook describes how local residents can take an active role in improving the health of the maunalua watershed and also includes useful information and tips that are relevant to residents living in other regions throughout the state.

tHe tHree ‘io brotHers and tHe biG bad Hurricane by Keri Kodama this hardcover children's book conveys the importance of hurricane preparedness to the reader in a fun and familiar storybook format. The Three 'Io Brothers will make a great addition to your family's library!

pacific regionPaCifiC reGion

Dolan Eversole, NOAA Sea Grant

Coastal Storms Coordinator,

Pacific Region; Maria Haws, Aquaculture

Extension Specialist; Chris

Ostrander, PacIOOS Director

UH Sea Grant extension faculty

and staff working in the Pacific region

include:

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Improve Coastal Community Hazard resilienceThrough the NOAA Sea Grant Coastal Storms Program, a nationwide NOAA effort to assist coastal communities decrease the negative impacts of coastal hazards, UH Sea Grant received over $1 million in 2011 to distribute to coastal communities in Hawai‘i and throughout the Pacific Islands region. The funding is designed to better prepare coastal communities for coastal inundation, flooding, rising sea levels, and other conditions associated with coastal storms and climate change. The funding will be made available through a competitive small grants proposal process and will be distributed in 2012. The Coastal Storms Program, based out of the University of Hawai‘i Sea Grant College Program, collaborates with emergency management and hazard planning agencies and groups within the Pacific Islands region to improve coordination and effectiveness of coastal hazards education efforts.

HiGHliGHts

preparing Island Communities for Sea-level riseKili is most infamous as being the “temporary” home of the Bikini Atoll islanders displaced by nuclear testing in the 1950’s and 60’s. Traditionally a proud, canoe faring people their descendants now live on one of only five islands in the Marshall Islands without direct lagoon access. In late January 2011, seasonally high tides were further elevated by La Niña conditions which resulted in the highest sea levels ever recorded in the Marshall Islands. As a result, many islands experienced a degree of inundation, none more so than at Kili.

With generous support from the NOAA Coastal Storms Program, housed at UH Sea Grant, a project was developed by Marshall Islands based

rePUbliC of tHe marsHall islands

Support Sustainable mariculture VenturesIn the Federated States of Micronesia, the focus of work by the Marine and Environmental Research Institute of Pohnpei and UH at Hilo PACRC continues to be developing alternative small-scale mariculture ventures with farmers from communities that support marine protected areas. The program focuses on growing sponges for the bath and beauty trade, and giant clams and other marine invertebrates for the aquarium trade. The number of farmers has grown to 45 individuals and two species of sponge. Twenty-eight species of corals and giant clams are currently exported, and record exports for both commodities were attained in 2011.

pacific regionPaCifiC reGion

Murray Ford, Coastal Processes Extension Specialist; Ephraim Temple, Aquaculture Extension Agent

UH Sea Grant extension faculty and staff working in the Republic of the Marshall Islands and American Samoa include:

For contact information, please call (808) 956-7410 or visit our website http://seagrant.soest.hawaii.edu.

ameriCan samoa

UH Sea Grant extension agent Dr. Murray Ford to undertake a rapid assessment of the islands physical vulnerability to wave and sea-level rise driven inundation. The project intended to provide training on various survey and mapping techniques within the confines of a practical field exercise for various members of the Marshall Islands government and non-governmental sectors. Participants were taught about GPS mapping, topographic surveying and developing techniques to map the community’s knowledge and understanding of the extent of flooding.

Improve the aquaculture Industry in american SamoaEphraim Temple’s extension work in American Samoa has focused on overcoming fundamental limitations to the growth of an aquaculture industry in this U.S. territory. With the completion of the Center for Sustainable Integrated Agriculture and Aquaculture at the American Samoa Community College (ASCC) in 2010 has come increased

capacity for aquaculture feeds production. A new agreement with StarKist Samoa to obtain its fishmeal and the installation of new equipment at the center has increased feeds production capacity about tenfold. A feeds workshop was conducted to train farmers to use this equipment and they now produce over 200 pounds each week. With feeds now available, American Samoans are confidently creating new farms. For example, four workshops on aquaponics resulted in the construction of eight new systems on Tutuila this year.

Marine science education, including formalized aquaculture education, is also a large part of the American Samoa extension program. Mr. Temple conducted a course called “Quantitative Underwater Ecological Surveying Techniques” in January that was based on the course of the same name at UH-Hilo. This course will be repeated for ASCC students and local professionals in each year to come. He also collaborated with Dr. Tetsuzan Benny Ron, University of Hawai‘i Aquaculture Program Coordinator, to obtain iMac computers, conduct testing, and recruit students for an online aquaculture certificate program called Aquaculture Training Online Learning (ATOLL) offered through the UH Mänoa Outreach College.

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Ka Pili Kai (ISSN 1550-641X)University of Hawai‘iSea Grant College Program2525 Correa Road, HIG 208Honolulu, HI 96822

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2012 Aloha BowlUH Sea Grant is now coordinating the Hawai‘i Ocean Sciences Bowl and needs your help! If you have an interest in any of the marine sciences, or just want to volunteer for a fun and worthwhile event, please consider volunteering for the Hawai‘i Ocean Sciences Bowl (aka Aloha Bowl) on March 3, 2012. It is a nationally recognized and highly acclaimed high school academic competition that provides a forum for talented students to test their knowledge of the marine sciences including biology, chemistry, physics, and geology. On a national level, the National Ocean Sciences Bowl (NOSB) competition has grown to include 25 regional competition locations with 300 schools and over 2,000 students participating annually.

If you would like more information please visit the NOSB website: http://www.nosb.org/, email Cindy Knapman at uhsgcomm@hawaii.edu, or call 956-7410.