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ult lng' kYof] { To;f] x'g g;s]sf]atfpFb} v8\sf dxf;+3n] ;~rfngug] { sfd sf/jfxLaf6 cfdkqsf/x?n ] ;dfg cj;/kfpg'kg]{ / To;sf nflu klgcfkm"n] pDd]bjf/L lbPsf] atfpFg'x'G5 . ptf cWoIfsf nflupDd]b\jf/L 3f]if0ff ug'{ ePsf k|];o'lgogsf k"j{ cWoIf zDe' uf}tdkqsf/ dxf;+3sf ;b:ox?nfO{

!# cf }+ /f li6«o kf ] lnof] vf]kcleofgsf] tof/L k"/f ePsf] 5 .klxnf] r/0f cGt/ut df3 @( ut]bf]nvf lhNnfsf %! j6} uflj; /eLd]Zj/ gu/kflnsfsf !# j6}j8fdf u/L kfFr jif{ d'lgsf @%xhf/ tLg ;o ̂ & afnaflnsfnfO{kf]lnof] vf]k nufOg] 5 .

lhNn f :t/Lo vf ]k;dGjo ;ldlt bf]nvfn] cfof]hgfu/]sf] 5nkmn sfo{qmddf ;/sf/n]yfngL u/]sf] kf]lnof] cleofgsf]p2]Zoaf/] hfgsf/L u/fpFb} jl/i7hg:jf:Yo clws[t OGb|k|;fb ofbjn]vf]k cleofgnfO{ ;kmn agfpg ;a}kIfnfO{ ;xof]u ug{ cfu|x ug' { eof] .

uflj; / gu/kflnsf u/L bf]nvfsf]$( ̂vf]k s]Gb|dfkm{t kf] lnof] vf]knufOg] 5 . To;}u/L cleofgnfO{ ;kmnagfpgsf nflu !@ ;o %) dlxnf:jo+;]js / Ps ;o $# hgf;'k/Lj]Ifs v6fOg] 5 .

lhNnf :t/Lo vf]k ;dGjo;ldltsf cWoIf Pj+ :yfgLo ljsf;clwsf/L zÍ/axfb'/ yfkfsf ]cWoIftfdf ePsf] 5nkmn sfo{qmddf/fhgLlts kf6L{sf k| ltlglw, k|d'v lhNnfclwsf/L ;lxt ljleGg sfof{nosf k|d'vnufotsf] pkl:ylt /x]sf] lyof] .sf o { qmddf lhNn f :j f: Yosfof{nosf] ejg lgdf{0f tyf zx/L:j f: Yo sfo { qmd cGt/utgu/kflnsf If]qdf @% z}o\ofsf]

c:ktfn agfpg] ;DaGwdfklg hfgsf/L u/fOPsf] lyof] .Ps jif { cl3sf ] :jf:Yoljefusf] tYof +s cg';f/bf ]nvf lhNnfsf ] :jf:Yocj:yfdf %(cf}+ :yfgdf /x]sf]df o; jif{ #%cf}+ :yfgdfk/]sf] 5 .

ljutsf ]tYof+snfO{ x]bf{ of] pknAwLk|z+;gLo ePsf]df 5nkmnsfo{qmddf lhNnf :jf:Yosfof{nosf jl/i7 hg:jf:Yoclws[t OGb|k|;fb ofbj ;lxtsfof{no kl/jf/nfO{ wGojfbklg lbOPsf] lyof] .

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g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3bf]nvf lhNnf zfvfsf] cfufdLkmfu'g $ ut] x'g] clwj]zgn]oltv]/ bf]nvfsf kqsf/x?dfrxnkxn a9 ]sf ] 5 .dxf;+3sf] gofF g]t[Tjsf nflutLg hgf kqsf/x?n] cfkm\gf]pDd]b\jf/Lsf] 3f]if0ff u/]kl5r'gfjL dfxf]n tft]sf] xf] .

zfvfsf] cWoIf kbsfnflu jt{dfg cWoIf /fh]Gb|dfgGw/ ;lxt qmflGtsf/Lkqsf/ ;+3sf cWoIf nId0fv8\sf / k|]; o'lgogsf k"j{cWoIf zDe' uf}tdn] cWoIfdfpDd]bjf/L 3f]if0ff ug'{ ePsf]5 . qmflGtsf/L kqsf/ ;+3n]kqsf/ ;Dd]ng u/L Kofgn;lxtsf] pDd]bjf/L 3f]if0ffu/]sf] 5 . o; cl3sf] lhNnfc lwj ]zgdf ;j {;Ddt;xdltsf] cfwf/df sfo{;ldltu7g ePsf ] lyof] . o;k6s eg ] ;j {;Ddt x'gg; s ] d f l gj f { rg x ' g ]; +s ]t b] lvPsf ] 5 .

gofF k'/fgf u/L (%hgf ;b:o /x]sf] kqsf/dxf;+3 bf]nvfdf k|]; rf}tf/Lcu|k+lQmdf /x]sf] 5 . qmflGtsf/L

kqsf/ ;+3 bf];|f] / k|]; o'lgogt];|f] :yfgdf 5 . k|]; rf}tf/Lcu|:yfgdf ePklg qmflGtsf/L/ o'lgogaLr ;xdlt ePsf]v08df rf}tf/Lsf] ar{:j tf]l8g];Defjgf k|jn 5 . olb ;xdltgeO{ lgjf{rg x'g] xf] eg] s]xLkbflwsf/L afx]s rf}tf/Ln] sAhfug] { ;Defjgf klg alnof]b] lvPsf] 5 . qmflGtsf/L kqsf/

;+3n] cfof]hgf u/]sf] kqsf/;Dd]ngdf pkl:yt g]kfnkqsf/ dxf;+3sf cWoIf /fh]Gb|dfgGw/n] cfkm"n] kl/sNkgf u//x]sfn] cfkm" k'gM cWoIfdfpDd]b\jf/L lbg] atfpg' ePsf]lyof] . dxf;+3nfO{ ;a}sf] ;femf;+u7g agfP/ n}hfg] atfpFb}dfgGw/n] bf]nvfsf] Oltxf; x]bf{

x/]sk6s ;xdlt / ;xsfo{nfO{hf]8 lbOPsf] klg sfln~rf]s;Gb ]znfO{ at fpg' eof ] .dfgGw/n] ;+:yfks cWoIf b]jbf;>]i7af6} ;xdltsf] ;'?jft ePsf]/ bf]xf ]¥ofpg] ;jfndf klgo;cl3 Tof] k |of ]u ;b:o;fyLx?sf] ;xdltd} ePsf]dfgGw/n] l6Kk0fL ug'{eof] . otfqmflGtsf/L kqsf/ ;+3sf cWoIf

nId0f v8\sf kqsf/dxf; +3df km/s–km/sljrf/ /fVg] kqsf/x?sf];Ddfghgs pkl:ylt /;xef l utf c fjZosePsfn] cfkm"n] Kofgn;lxt pDd]b\jf/L lbPsf]atfpg' x'G5 . g]kfn kqsf/dxf;+3 bf]nvf zfvfn] h'g

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Joj;f los kqsfl /tfdfnufpg k|oTg ug] { / kqsfl/tfk]zfnfO{ ;+:yfut 9+un] cufl8a9fpg k|f]T;fxg ug]{ p2]Zoaf]s]/ cWoIfsf nflu bfjLu/]sf] atfpFg' x'G5 . dxf;+3bf]nvf lhNnf zfvfsf] ejglgdf{0f ug]{, >dhLjL kqsf/P]g sfof{Gjgsf] nflu ;+:yfut9 +un ] lqmofsnfk cufl8a9fpgsf nflu ;d]t cfkm"cWoIf aGg nfu]sf] uf}tdsf]egfO{ 5 . qmflGtsf/Ln] 3f]if0ffu/ ]sf] Kofgndf pkfWoIflbnaxfb'/ s];L, ;lrjdf;xb]j yfkf, ;x;lrjdf;Gtf]ifL sfsL{ / sf]iffWoIfdfz]/axfb'/ e'h]n /x]sf 5g\ .

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/fhwfgLaf6 emG8} kfFr 306fsf] df]6/ofqfdf k'Ug ;lsg] bf]nvfsf] ljleGg ko{6sLo:ynx?sf] k|rf/k|;f/ ug{ ;s]df ko{6sx?sf]

nflu d"Vo uGTfJo :yn aGg]df b'O{dt b]lvb}g\ . olt a]nf g]tfx?b]zdf s;/L a9LeGbf a9L ko{6s leqfP/ b]z ljsf; ug] { lt/eGbf s';L{ hf]ufpg]lt/ cu|;/ ePsf] b] lvG5 . xfd|f g]tfx? æsfds'/f] Psflt/, s'Dnf] af]sL l7dLlt/Æ eg] em} ul//x]sf 5g\ .g]kfndf !) nfv ko{6s leqfpg] nIosf ;fy ko{6g jif{ @)!!dgfO{ /x]sf 5g\ . o;} u/L ;f]emfl;wf hgtfx? klg ;w} tL g}l;+xb/af/ leqsf] cfGtl/s ko{6sx?sf] v]n x]l//x]sf 5g\ . o;}u/L g]kfn 3'Dg cfPsf s]xL ko{6sx? klg ljleGg 6]lnlehgdfkm{tljleGg ko{6sLo :ynsf] af/]df hfgsf/L lng'eGbf lbgx' F h:tf] tLg]tfx?sf] v]n x]l//x]sf 5g\ . o:tf] cj:yfdf s;/L ;kmn x'g;S5 ko{6g jif{ @)!! < s;/L leqG5g\ t !) nfv ko{6sx? .Tolt dfq geP/ olta]nf lbgsf] !@ 306fsf] nf]8;]l8Ësf] sf/0fcWofF/f]d} a:g afWo ePsf 5g\ . ljleGg ko{6Lo :ynx?sf] k|rf/k|;f/ ug]{ 6]lnlehgx?, kqklqsfx? / /] l8of]x? aGb x'g] cj:yfdfk'lu;s]sf 5g\ . g]tfx?sf] of] ljifok|lt clxn];Dd Wofg k'Ug;s]sf] 5}g\ .

xfdL g]kfnLx? olta]nf æ;Ff9]sf] h'wfO{ afR5fsf] ldrfO{Æh:t} ePsf 5f} . lsg sL xfd|f g]tfx?sf] Ps csf{aLrsf] n8fO{sf]sf/0f ;f]emf—;femf hgtfx? df/df kl//x]sf 5g\ . ko{6g jif{ z'?ePkl5 t ljleGg ko{6sLo :ynx?sf] k|rf/—k|;f/ ug' {kg] { kqklqsf,6]lnlehg / /] l8of]x? lbgx'F ltg} g]tfx?sf] emu8fsf] ljifodf;dfrf/ ;Dk| ]zg ub} {df l7Ss ePsf] 5 . ca eg] ljleGg kqklqsf,6]lnlehg / /] l8of]x?n] klg lt g]tfx?sf] ;dfrf/x?nfO{ xfO{nfO{6u/]/ k|rf/— k|;f/ ug'{eGbf ljleGg ko{6sLo :ynx?sf] k|rf/k|;f/ ug' { g} plrt b]lvG5 . ha;Dd b]zdf afXo ko{6sx? a9LeGbf a9L leq\ofpg ;lsb}g\, ta;Dd b]z ljsf; ug{ ;lsb}g\ .ljsf; lgdf{0fsf] csf{] { kf6f] g} ko{6sx?nfO{ lng ;lsG5 . Tolx eP/ca tL g]tfx?sf] lbgx' Fsf] hfqf hgtfnfO{ k9fpg', b]vfpg' /;'gfpg' eGbf ljleGg ko{6sLo :ynx?sf] k|rf/—k|;f/ ug' { plrtb]lvG5 . bf]nvfsf] ljifodf eGg' kbf{ lhNnfdf lqmofl;n /fhgLltsbnx?n] klg olt a]nf ko{6g k|j4{gsf] nfuL vf;} rf;f] b]vfPsf]kfO{b}g\ . elgG5 ælgbfPsf] dfG5]nfO{ lapemfpg ;lsG5, t/ lgbfPsf]axgf u/]sfnfO{ lapemfpg ufx|f] x'G5Æ, eg] em} ePsf] 5 . /fhgLltsbn, ljleGg ;/sf/L lgsfo tyf pBf]u jfl0fHo ;+3 . ha;Dd tLlgsfosf] Wofg ko{6g k|j{4g ;DjGwL hfFb}g\ , ta;Dd lhNnfdf ;f]r]hlt ko{6sx? leqfpg ;lsb}g\ .

bf]nvfsf] eLd]Zj/ dlGb/, /d0fLo :ynlh/L, sfln~rf]s 8fF8faf6 b]lvg] lrQfsif{s ;"o{bosf] b[io, dgf]/dnfUg] xl/of] 8fF8fsf8f eL/kfvf n]saF]l;df ;';]nL xfNb} aUg]tfdfsf];Ln] bf]nvf cfpg] ko{6snfO{ cfgGbe'lt x'g] u5{g . uf}/Lz+s/kbofqfsf] nflu xf];\ jf /fhwfgLsf] Jo:t ;x/af6 s]xL ;dokm';{ lbnf] aGg xf];\ jif]{gL xhf/f} ko{6s cfpg] u5{g\ . dgf/~hgdfq geO{ ljleGg ;]ldgf/ ug{ / h}ljs ljljwtf cWoog ug{]p2]Zon] klg bf]nvfdf ko{6scf]Ol/g] u/]sf 5g . bf]nvfdfcfpg] ko{6sx?sf] nflu lh/Lclj:d/0fLo uGtJo xf] .l:j6h/NofG8;Fu ef}uf]lnsagfj6df ldNbf]h'Nbf] lh/Ldfk'Ug] hf];'s} klg dGqd'U4 eP/kms{g] ub{5g\ . /dfOnf] a:tL5]pd} /x]sf] dgf]/d lrofaf/Ln]t emg} dg nf]Eofpg] ub{5g\ .lh/Lsf] r]b{'ª\ 8fF8faf6 b]lvg]Tof] /d0fLo :ynsf] cjnf]sg;+u}lh/Ldf pTkflbt lrh / 5'kL{sf]:jfbn] ubf{ t emg} :juL{o cfgGblbnfpg] ub{5 . kxf8}—kxf8n]3KnSs cFufnf] xfn] h:tf] nfUg]bf]nvfsf] km]bLdf 5ª\5ª\ u/Lalu/x]sf] tfdfsf];Lsf] l;/l;/lr;f] xfjfn] dg} l;tn agfOlbg]

s';L{sf] v]nn] ko{6g jif{ cf]em]ndfub{5 . bf]nvfsf] lh/Ldf /x]sf] lrof aufgnfO{ Jojl:yt agfpg;lsP cfly{s ljsf;df klg 6]jf k'Ug ;Sg]df b'O{dt 5}g . ;u/dfyfsf] k|j]zåf/sf] ?kdf /x]sf] bf]nvfnfO{ ;fFlRrs} ko{6sLocfwf/ lzlj/ agfpg ;s], ;"of] {bo b[Zofjnf]sg ug{ ;lsg] sfln~rf]s8fF8f, ;do dfkssf] ;"rfª\ssf] ?kdf /x]sf] uf}l/zs/ lxdfn,k|fs[lts ;Dkbf ;+/If0f ;"rLdf /xsf] uf}l/zs/ If]q, ;u/dfyfcf/f] lxx?sf] cfb{z{ ufpF a]lbª, ;oy'Dsfsf] z}n'ª nufPtsf 7fpFx?dfk'Ug ;lsG5 .

ko{6g jif{df w]/} eGbf w]/} ko{6sx? cfpg] cfzfdfvf] lnPsf clwsf+z xf]6nx? olta]nf ko{6sx? gcfO{lb+bf aGb x'g]cj:yfdf k'u]sf 5g\ . ko{6ssf] cfs{if0fsf] s]Gb| laGb' dflgg] ;u/dfyfcf/f]lxx?sf] cfbz{ ufpF j]lbªn] klg klg ;Dk'0f{ :jb]zL / ljb]zLko{6sx?nfO{ lgs} nf]Eofpg] ub{5 . j]lbªsf sl/a b'O{ ;odflg;x?dWo] sl/a $* hgfn] eG8} Ps ;o krf; k6s ;u/dfyfcf/f]x0f ul/;s]sf 5g\ . Pp6} uflj; uf}l/z+s/sf a]lbª, 6fl;gfd/ l;dL ufpFsf] k|fs[lts ;f}Gbo{n] hf] sf]lxsf] klg dg axnfpF5 .To;}u/L Ps ;oeGbf ;fgf 7:nf y'Dsfx? ;lxtsf] ;}n'ª8fF8faf6klg k"j{ / pQ/df nx/} b] lvg] lxdfnosf] b[Zon] ko{6ssf] dg}nf]Eofpg] ub{5 .

bf]nvfsf] pQ/L If]qdf /x]sf] /f]Njflnª lxd>+[vnfdfkg]{ & xhf/ ! ;o #$ ld6/ prfO{df /x]sf] uf} l/z+s/ lxdfnb]lvkfFr xhf/ gf} ;o @% ld6/ prfO{sf !% lxdlzv/x? /x]sf5g \ . wfld{s lx;fan] klg lgs} dxTjk"0f{ dflgg] o; If]qdfk'/f0fdf jl0f{t lxdfno kj{t / kTgL d]g'sfsf] lznf klg o;}lhNnfdf kb{5 . o;n] ubf{ klg bf]nvfdf cfpg] ko{6sx?sf] dgnf]Eofpg] ub{5 . Osf] lxdfn gfds ;+:yfn] ko{ 6g :yn lau', uf/Lz+s/,l7ª;fªnf nufPtsf 7fpFx?df k}bnofqLsf] nflu ;xh xf]; eGg]p2]Zon] 7fpF 7fpFdf nhx?sf] lgdf{0fsf] ;fy} rlk{sf] :yfkgf ul/lbPsf] 5 . To:t} h}ljs ljljwtf tyf wfld{s b[li6n] ;d]tdxTjk"0f{ dflgPsf] bf]nvfsf] h§fkf]v/L, af}nfxfkf]v/L / ljZjs}cUnf] :yfgdf /x]sf] R5f]/f]Nkf lxdtfn g]kfndf dfq xf]Og ljZjd}kl/lrt 5 . ;f] lxdtfn ko{6ssf nflu cfsif{s s]Gb| laGb' ePklg;+j]bgzLn If]qsf ?kdf lrlgG5 . bf]nvf ;b/d'sfdaf6 !^ sf]ifpQ/df kg] { lau' uflj;df g]kfns} 7"nf] u'Daf 6f;L u'Dafdf g]kfnnufot cGo b]z ljb]zsf af}4wdf{jnDaLx? cfpg] ub{5g\ .

To;}u/L x/]s !@ jif{df Ps}k6s !# dlxgf;Dd d]nfnfUg] If]q nfdfau/ uflj;sf] nKrLdf klg cfGtl/s / afXoko{6sx? cfpg] ub{5g\ . ;f] If]qsf] kx/f kj{tx?df ;d]t cl4tLosnfs[ltx? /x]sf 5g\ . k/fk'j{sfndf af}4 leIf'x?n] tk u/]sfu'kmfx? cem}klg /x]sf 5g\ . csf] { ko{6sLo :yn sfln~rf]seujtL :yn k|fs[lts, wfld{s, ko{6sLo b[li6n] ;d]t dxTjk"0f{5 . lhNnfdf olt w]/} ko{6sLo :ynx? x'bfFx' Fb} klg k|rf/k|;f/sf]cefjdf cf]em]ndf k/]sf] 5 . tL :ynx?sf] k|rf/k|;f/ ug{ ;s]lhNnfdf w]/} eGbf w]/} ko{6sx? leq\ofpg ;lsg]df b'O{dt5}g\ . ca s'l;{sf] v]ndf nfu]/ b]zsf] ;du| ljsf;df 7];k/fpg'eGbf ;a} hgf ldn]/ ko {6g jif{nfO{ ;kmn agfpg'cfjZos b]lvG5 .

g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3 cGt/utsf ;a}txdf clxn] r'gfjL rxnkxn a9]sf] 5 . dxf;+3s]Gb|sf] lgjf{rg a}zfvdf tf]lsPsfn] clxn] lhNnfzfvfx?df r'gfjL k|rf/k|;f/ tLj| ePsf] 5 .sfg'gL /fHosf] :yfkgf tyf ;]jf;'ljwfaf6 al~rt;d'bfo / ;dfhsf v/fa s'/fx?sf lj?4 sndrnfpg] kqsf/x?sf] 5ftf ;+u7gsf ?kdf:yfkgf ePsf] dxf;+3sf] e"ldsf kqsf/x?sf]xs clwsf/ / ;'/Iff g} klxnf] k|fyldstf xf] .To; cy{df klg dxf;+3sf] g]t[Tj rog k|lt:kwL{x'g' :jefljs xf] .

To;f] t r'gfjL rxnkxnaf6 bf]nvfklg c5'tf] 5}g . Kofgn ;lxtsf] pDd]b\jf/L 3f]if0ff/ cfkm\gf] kIfdf g]t[Tj xft kfg{ clxn] kqsf/x?sf] e]63f6 tyf ax; htftt} ;'Gg kfOG5 .ax;nfO{ phf{ ylklbPsf] 5 bnLo /+un] . dxf;+3sf]r'gfjL ;kmntfnfO{ bn ljz]ifsf] ;kmntf 7fGg]c:j:y k|lt:kwf{sf sf/0f u'6aGbL z'? ePsf]5 . s'g} b'O{ Kofgnsf] ldnf]dtf]df t];|f] ;d"xnfO{t]hf]ab\ ug]{;Ddsf cEof;x? klg x'g yfn]sf5g\ . :jtGq, ;TotYo / j:t'k/s eP/ sndrnfpg] kqsf/x?df b ]lvPsf] ljefhgn]dxf;+3nfO{ klg /fhgLlts bnsf] elugL ;+:yfsf?kdf x]g{ yflnPsf] 5 .

b]zdf k|wfgdGqL rog ug{ /fhgLltsbnaLr ePsf] lvrftfgLnfO{ r'gf}tL lbgsf nfluklg g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3sf] s]Gb|Lo tyf lhNnftxsf] lgjf{rg ;j{;Ddt x'g' pko'Qm b]lvG5 .kl5Nnf] ;dodf bn ljz]ifs} uNtLsf sf/0fg ]kfnsf] ;+ljwfg n]vg k|lqmofdf b ]lvPsf]cGof]ntf, ;/sf/ u7gdf ePsf] l9nfO{ tyf kbLodf]xnfO{ eGbf /fi6« lgdf{0fnfO{ k|fyldstf lbg'kg]{;Gb]zsf nflu klg g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3sf]lgjf{rg ;j{;Ddt x' Fbf /rgfTds ;Gb]z hfg]5 .pRr hf]lvd Go"g cfDbfgL . g t ;?jf, g ta9'jf . w]/} r'gf}tL;Fu h'Wb} lqmoflzn kqsf/x?sf]g]t[TjbfoL ;+u7gdf olb /fhgLlts cf:yfsfcfwf/df rnv]n eP cjZo klg g]t[Tjn];dfhdf ;sf/fTds k|efj kfg{ ;Sb }g .kqsfl/tfsf] wd{ k"/f x'g] 5}g . dfq k"/f x'g]5s]jn JolQmut tyf ju{ ljz]ifsf] ceLi6 .To;sf/0f h;n] g]t[Tj ;Dxfn] klg Tof] ;j{;Ddtxf];\ . casf] r'gfj xf/ hLtsf] xf]Og hLt hLtsf]x'g' cfjZos 5 . To;df :yfoL zflGt, /fli6«oPstf / ;b\efj vf]Hg ;lsG5 .

xflb{s lgdGq0ff========g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3 bf]nvf zfvfsf] 5}+7f}+ lhNnf clwj]zg lgDgldlt, ;do / :yfgdf eJotfsf ;fy ;DkGg x'g uO{/x]sf]n] g]kfnkqsf/ dxf;+3sf s]Gb|Lo ;ef;bx?, dxf;+3df cfj4 ;Dk"0f{ ;b:ox?/ cfd ;~rf/dfWoddf sfo{/t ;Dk"0f{ kqsf/x? / cGo z'e]R5'sx?nfO{pkl:yltsf nflu kqrf/ ul/;lsPsf] 5 . olb kq k|fKt gePdf olx;"rgfnfO{ cfwf/ dfg]/ pkl:yt eO{ lbg x'g xflb{s cg'/f]w ul/G5 .

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hf]8 lbOPsf] 5 . dxf;+3nfO{ ;a};fd' Jojl:yt, cg'zfl;t / Pstf b]vfpgcl3j]zgsf] eJo tof/L h?/L 5 . r'gfjsf] kl5dfq nfUg] / tof/LnfO{ Wofgglbg] xf] eg] dxf;+3sf] x}l;ot gful/s;fd' lkmSsf x'G5 . To;}n ] ;a};b:ox?nfO{x?nfO{ clwj]zg s;/L eJo agfpg] eGg]tkm{ lrlGtt x'g cfu|xub{5' . efjL cWoIfdf tkfO{sf] klg gfd cfPsf] 5 gL < s] km]l/ cWoIf aGg]tof/Ldf xf] <cWoIf dxf;+3sf] lhDd]jf/ kb xf] . of] kbdf rfxgf /fVg kfpbf uj{ nfU5, zL/prf]F x'G5 . emg\ bf]xf]/\ofpgsf nflu cfd ;b:ox?sf] ;xdlt x'Fbf v';Ln] l;dfgf3\5 . cWoIf kb cfkm\gf] eGbf klg dxf;+3sf] eljZo;Fu ufFl;Psf] 5 . To;}n]dxf;+3sf] cWoIf x'Fg] rfxgf /fVbf ;okN6 ;f]Rg'kg]{ x'G5 . emg bf]xf¥ofpgnfO{xhf/kN6 ljrf/ ug'{k5{ . d}n] xhf/f+}kN6 ;f]rljrf/ u/]/ dfq of] kbdf k'gpDd]b\jf/L lbg] ljrf/ u/]sf] x'F . o; k6s kqsf/ dxf;+3 bf]nvfdf a9L /fhgLlt x'g yfNof]eG5 gL <dxf;+3sf] g]t[Tjdf cfpg] rfxgf /fVg' / To;nfO{ ;fj{hlgs ug'{ /fhgLlt x}g .t/ dxf;+3sf] r'gfjdf kf6L{sf] :ki6 x:tIf]k x'g' rf+lx /fhgLlt xf] . kqsf/dxf;+3 ;a} ljrf/ /fVg]x?sf] ;femf ;+u7g eP klg kf6L{sf] v'nf x:tIf]k:jLsfo{ x'Fb}g . of] clwj]zgdf ;fdfGo x:tIf]k ePsf] xf] sL eGg] nfU5 .To;df xfdL sf]xL rf]vf] 5}gf} . t/ k"0f{tM /fhgLlts kf6L{sf] lgb]{zgdf lx8\g]/ dxf;+3nfO{ klg kf6L{sf zfvf sfof{no agfpg vf]Hg]x?b]lv rf+lx ;b:ox?;r]t x'g}k5{ . tkfO{ ;xdltsf] s'/f ul//xg' ePsf] 5 . ;xdltsf] ;DefjgfslQsf] 5 o;k6s <obL dxf;+3nfO{ s'g} Pp6fsf] ;+3 agfP/ nfg] xf] eg] h:tf];'s} v]n v]n]klgx'G5 . x}geg] dxf;+3nfO{ ;a}sf] ;femf ;+u7g agfP/ nfg'k5{ . bf]nvfsf]Oltxf; x]bf{ x/]sk6s ;xdlt / ;xsfo{nfO{ hf]8 lbOPsf] 5 . ;+:yfks cWoIfb]jbf; >]i7af6} Tof] ;'?jft ePsf] xfdL ;a}nfO{ yfxf 5 . bf]xf]/\ofpg] ;jfndf klgo;cl3 Tof] k|of]u ;b:o ;fyLx?sf] ;xdltd} ePsf] 5 . of] gofF s'/f xf]Og . Tof]klxrfg clxn] klg sfod ug{ ;s] kqsf/x?sf] ;+:yfut ljsf; / Jofj;flos;'/Iffdf cem} clxn] eGbf dha't x'g;Sg] b]lvG5 . olb ;xdlt ePg eg] lgjf{rgfdf tkfO{ klg pqg] xf] <

;xdltd} hf]8 lbg'kg]{ xfd|f] klxnf] k|fyldstf xf] . Tof] ePg eg] r'gfjdf hfg}kg]{ x'G5 . obL r'gfjaf6 efu]+ eg] dxf;+3sf] lxtfy{ k'gM cWoIf x'g'k5{ eGg]cfd ;b:osf] ckdfg 7x5{ / kqsf/ dxf;+3nfO{ wf]sf lbPsf] x'G5 . s] qmflGtsf/L / k|]; o'lgogn] tkfO{nfO{ ;d{yg unf{g t < qmflGtsf/Ln]t Kofgng} 3f]if0ff u/L ;Sof] lg <dxf;+3df of] jfb, p jfb eGg] x'Gg . jfb af]Sg]x? dxf;+3df x'g;S5g\ t/dxf;+3 jfbaf6 lgb]{lzt x'Fb}g . To;}n] kqsf/x?sf] ljleGg ;+u7gleq dxf;+3sf]g]t[Tjaf/] 5nkmn x'g] / pDd]b\jf/Laf/] rrf{ x'g] s'/fnfO{ cGoyf dfGg' x'Gg .

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cfufdL kmfu'g $ ut] x'g] 5}7f}+ lhNnf clwj]zgsf] ;+3f/dfbf]nvfdf klg r'gfjL dfxf]n ;'? eO;s]sf] 5 . clwj]zgnfO{nlIft ub}{{ ljleGg ;+u7gx?n] Kofgn ;lxtsf pDd]b\jf/L 3f]if0ffu/L k|rf/k|;f/df nfu]sf 5g\ . o;} ;Gbe{df cWoIf dfgGw/nfO{z]/axfb'/ e'h]nn] clwj]zg glhlsb} ubf{ cWoIfsf] x}l;otn] s];f]rL/xg' ePsf] 5 egL ;f]Wg' ePsf] lyof] .

t/ ckljq u7aGwg ub}{ Jofj;flos / :jR5 5lj ePsfx?nfO{ ;vfk kf/]/s'g} Pp6f jf b'O{6f jfbnfO{ dxf;+3leq xfjL u/fpg vf]Hg' rf+lx vt/gfsx'G5 . dnfO{ nfU5, To:tf] unt dgf;o sxLst}af6 /flvg] 5}g . d]/f] ;jfndfs'/f ubf{ ;a} jfb af]Sg] ;b:ox?sf] d ;femf pDd]b\jf/ x'F . dnfO{ ;a} ljrf/af]Sg]sf] ;dy{g /xg] 5 . lxhf] cWoIf x'Fbf d}n] u/]sf] lgikIf sfo{z}nLn] dnfO{cfh ;a}sf] ;femf x'g ;lhnf] 5 . To;}n] qmflGtsf/L kqsf/ ;+3, k|]; o'lgog/ k|]; rf}tf/Ldfq x}g c? ljrf/ /fVg] :jtGqx?n] klg ;fy lbg]5g eGg] dnfO{ljZjf; 5 . s] /fh]Gb| dfgGw/ ;a} ;+u7gsf] ;femf pDd]bjf/ aGg nfu]sf] xf] t <cjZo, To;df s'g} z+sf 5}g . lxhf]sf] lbgdf dxf;+3sf] g]t[Tj ul//xFbf sf]xLs;}n] ckdflgt ePsf] cg'ej ug{ kfPgg\ . cGofo k/]sf] dxz'; u/]gg\ .kfnf]km]/f] x/]s lqmofsnfkdf ;a}n] cj;/ kfP . xfd|f] sfo{sfndf a;]sf] $)j6feGbf a9L a}7sdf s;}sf] c;xdlt ePg . cfh h;/L ;a}sf] ;femf cWoIf5', ef]nL klg To:t} cWoIf x'g rfxG5' / x'G5' klg . cfufdL dxf;+3nfO{ cuf8L a9fpFg s:tf] of]hgf 5 tkfO{;Fu <tLg jif{df dxf;+3nfO{ ;Ddfghgs x}l;otdf k'¥ofPsf] s'/f ;a}df huhfx]/5 . dxf;+3sf] ;+:yfut ljsf; ePsf] 5 . kqsf/sf] Ifdtf clej[l4 ePsf]5 . kqsf/ sNof0fsf/L sf]if v8fu/L hLjg /Iffsf] of]hgf agfOPsf] 5 .b'O{j6f kqsf/ k'/:sf/sf] cIfo sf]ifdf /sd hDdf ug]{ sfd ePsf] 5 . ejglgdf{0f ug{ /sd hDdf e}/x]sf] 5 . dxf;+3n] ;'? u/]sf] sfo{ ug{ afFsL /x]sfn]ToxL sfdsf] lg/Gt/tf g} d"Vo cfufdL of]hgf xf] eGg] d]/f] 7x/ 5 . h–h;n]dxf;+3sf] efjL g]t[Tj ;+dfNg] df}sf kfpg] 5, p;sf] sfo{sfn dxf;+3sf] ejglgdf{0fd} s]Gb|Lt x'g] 5 / x'g'k5{ . tkfO{sf] sfo{sfndf kqsf/ dxf;+3n] w]/} /fd|f sfd u/]s} xf] t <dxf;+3 ;b:ox?n] oxL eg]sf 5g\ . Tof] dfq x}g, ;du| bf]nvfnLsf] d"Nof+sgdf klg d}n]o:t} s'/f kfPsf] 5' . ;fob o;sf] sf/0f dxf;+3df s]xL gofF sfdsf] ;'?jft x'gfn]g} xf]nf . xfdLn] kfPsf] ;kmntfnfO{ d]/f] eGbf klg xfdLn] u/]sf] eGg ?rfpF5' . dxf;+3sf]ultljlwnfO{ Jojl:yt 9+un] cufl8 a9fpg d]/f] eGbf klg xfd|f] ;kmntf 7fGb5' . To;}n]ljrf/ / lg0f{odf ;femfkg, Jojl:yt / OdfGbf/Ltfk"j{s sfof{Gjogsf] kl/0ffd dxf;+3lqmoflzn ePsf] xf] . / of] g} xfd|f] sfo{sfnsf] klxrfg xf] .

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g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3 eg]sf] ;Dk"0f{ kqsf/x?sf] 5ftf ;+u7g xf] . dxf;+3df km/s–km/s ljrf//fVg] kqsf/x?sf] ;Ddfghgs pkl:ylt / ;xeflutf cfjZos 5 . bf]nvfsf] xsdf ;~rf/If]qsf] tLj| ljsf; eO{/x]sf] / of] k]zf cFufNg] kqsf/ ;fyLx? klg pNn]Vo ePsfn] ;du| ;~rf/If]qsf] ljsf; / cfd kqsf/x?sf] Joj;flostf / k]zfut ;'/Iffsf nflu ;+3if{ ug] { a]nf cfPsf] 5 .ljutsf] h:tf] ;fdfGo / ;'if'Kt 9+un] dxf;+3 rnfP/ ca bf]nvfsf] kqsfl/tf If]qsf] ;+:yfutljsf; ;Dej 5}g . To;}n] d}+n] em08} !@ jif{;Dd kqsfl/tf u/]/ l;s]sf] cg'ejnfO{ dxf;+3dfnufgL ug{ rfxG5' . To;sf] cy{ Pp6} x'G5, dxf;+3sf] ultljlwnfO{ ;lqmo agfP/ cfd;~rf/dfWod / kqsf/x?sf] ljsf;df cfkm"nfO{ ;dlk{t ug'{ .· tkfO{sf ] egfO{df o;cl3 kqsf/ dxf;+3 ;lqmo aGg ;s]g / ca ;lqmo agfpgsf nflu tkfO{dfq} ljsNk xf] t <xf]O{g, dxf;+3df of]ubfg k'¥ofpg] d]/f] rfxgfnfO{ cGoyf 9+un] a'em\g x'Fb}g . t/, jf:tljstf s] xf]eg], g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3 bf]nvf zfvfn] h'g ult lng' kYof]{ To;f] x'g ;ls/x]sf] 5}g . dxf;+3n];~rfng ug]{ sfd sf/jfxLaf6 cfd kqsf/x?n] ;dfg cj;/ kfpg' kYof]{ . dxf;+3n] ug]{ultljlwaf6 s'g} Ps ljrf/wf/fdf ;xdt jf cfkm" lgs6x?nfO{ dfq} kmfO{bf k'¥ofpg' eGbfdxf;+3df cfj4 cfdkqsf/x?n] Tof] nfe lng kfpg' k5{ eGg] d]/f] dfGotf xf] . To;}n] ljutdfs]lx sldx? ePsf 5g\ . To:tf sldsdhf]/L bf ]xf ]l/g glbg / kqsf/ dxf; +3nfO{ hLjGt;+:yfsf ] ?kdf ult lbgsf nflu d]/f] pDd]b\jf/L xf] . km] l/ d afx]s kqsf/ dxf;+3 xfFSg;Sg ] cGo JolQmTjx? 5 }gg\ eGg ldNb}g . deGbf cu|h kqsf/x?n] Ps sfo{sfn dxf;+3sf]g]t[Tj ul/;s]sf] / lqmoflzntfsf cfwf/df klg o 'jf kqsf/x?af6 d]/f] dfu ePsfn ] d}+n]pDd]bjf/Lsf] 3f]if0ff u/]sf ] x'F .·tkfO{n] o;f] elg/xbf, qmflGtsf/L kqsf/ ;+3n] ;xdltdf hf]8 glbO{ tkfO{sf] g]t[Tjdf KofgnpDd]b\jf/Lsf] 3f]if0ff u/]/ kqsf/ dxf;+3df /fhgLlt ug{ vf]h]sf] cf/f]k 5 lg <cfd kqsf/x?sf] ;femf ;+u7gsf] g]t[Tjsf nflu pDd]bjf/Lsf] O{R5f JoQm ug'{ s'g ck/fw xf] < d}+n]a'em\g ;ls/x]sf] 5}g . t/, cfdkqsf/x?sf] ;femf ;+u7g g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3sf] g]t[Tjsf nfluqmflGtsf/L kqsf/ ;+3df cfj4 lqmoflzn / g]t[Tj x}l;ot ePsf JolQmx?sf] pDd]b\jf/L 3f]if0ffsf]lj/f]w ug]{x?n] g} dxf;+3df /fhgLlts ug{ vf]h]sf 5g\ . clxn] lxhf]sf] em}+ s'g} ;+u7gsf] dfqar{:j 5}g . ;b:o ;+Vofn] dxf;+3df qmflGtsf/L kqsf/x?sf] bf]>f] x}l;ot 5 . ToxfFdfly :yfgLo/ /fli6«o ldl8ofdf sfd ug]{ ;lqmo kqsf/x? xfd|f] Kofgndf ;dfj]z 5g\ . xfd|f] Kofgn ;dfj]zL/ lqmoflzn 5 . xfd|f] of] 3f]if0ffn] c? ;+u7gx?df v}nfa}nf dlRrPsf] 5 . sf/0f s] xf] eg] lgjf{rgglhlsb} uP klg pxfFx?n] kbLo afF8kmfF8df cfkm\g} ;b:ox?sf] lrQ a'emfpg ;Sg' ePsf] 5}g . To;}n]qmflGtsf/L kqsf/ ;+3df cfj4 kqsf/x? dfq o:tf kqsf/ x'g\ . hf] dxf;+3sf] g]t[Tjsf nflu ldn]/hfg tof/ 5g\ .· tkfO{x?sf] r'gfjL Ph]08f rf+lx s] xf] t <r'gfjL gf/f eGbf klg xfd|f] l6dn] dxf;+3sf] g]t[Tj ug]{ cj;/ kfPdf s] sfd u5{ < eGg] rf+lxk|d'v xf] . xfdL r'gfjL gf/f eGbf klg dxf;+3 / cfdkqsf/x?sf] ;femf rfxfgf lnP/ r'gfjLd}bfgdf plqg nfu]sf 5f}+ . klxnf] Ph]08f dxf;+3sf] ;+:yfut ljsf; u/L o;sf] e"ldsfnfO{ ;lqmoagfpg], bf]>f] bf]nvfsf kqsf/x?n] s'g} g s'g} ?kdf ;d:of ef]lu/x]sf 5g\ . ;dfrf/ n]v]s}e/df v]Kg' kg]{ wDsL, :yfgLo ;~rf/dfWoddf sfo{/t kqsf/x?sf] clglZrt eljio / tnj tyf;]jf ;'ljwfsf d'4fx?nfO{ p7fP/ >dhLjL kqsf/sf kIfdf plqg] 5f}+ . t]>f] s'/f :yfgLo ;~rf/dfWodx? -kqklqsf / Pkm=Pd= /]l8of]x?_ sf] ;+:yfut ljsf;sf nflu n8\g] 5f}+ . x]g';{, clxn]klg :yfgLo :t/sf lj1fkgdf x:tIf]k x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . :yfgLo lgsfox?af6 cfd ;~rf/dfWodx?n] lng] lj1fkgsf] b/ clt Go"g 5 . /fli6«o kqklqsfdf bf]nvfaf6 hfg] lj1fkgx? klg:yfgLo ;+jfbbftfn] kfpFb}g . vf]O{ o; cl3sf] g]t[Tj oL ;d:ofdf sxfF af]Nof] < xfdL cakqsf/sf] Joj;flostf, ;'/Iff / cfd ;~rf/dfWodsf] ;+:uyfut ljsf;sf nflu n8\g] 5f}+ .:yfgLo lgsfo / ljsf;] c8\8fx?;Fusf] ;xsfo{df ;~rf/ If]qsf] ljsf;nfO{ ljsf;s} cleGgcËsf] ?kdf cl3 a9fpg rfxG5f}+ . Pglhcf] em}+ s'g} lgsfoaf6 ;xof]u lnP/ uf]i7L / e|d0fdf dfq};Sb}gf} + . xfdLn] ug]{ sfd b]lvg] vfnsf / cfd kqsf/x?n] /fxt cg'e"lt ug]{ vfn] x'g] 5g\ . clgxfdL g]t[Tjdf k'Uof}+ eg] s'g} kqsf/x?nfO{ ljrf/sf cfwf/df ;f}t]gL Jojxf/ x'g] 5}g .

g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3sf] kmfu'g $ ut] x'g] clwj]zgn] oltv]/ bf]nvfsf kqsf/x?df lgs} ;f/udL{ a9]sf] 5 . dxf;+3sf] gofFg]t[Tjsf nflu tLg hgf cu|h kqsf/x?n] cfkm\gf] pDd]b\jf/Lsf] 3f]if0ff u/]kl5 r'gfjL dfxf]n tft]sf] xf] . tLg hgf pDd]b\jf/dWo] nId0f v8\sf klg Ps x'g'x'G5 . xfn g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3sf] s]Gb|Lo kfif{b / qmflGtsf/L kqsf/ ;+3sf] lhNnf cWoIf ;d]t/xg' ePsf v8\sf bf]nvfsf lqmoflzn kqsf/x? dWo] Ps dflgg'x'G5 . ljz]ift kqsfl/tfs} dfWodaf6 cfkm\gf] klxrfg agfpg' ePsfv8\sf ljut s]xL jif{ otf hglxt gful/s ;dfhsf] ;lrjsf] x}l;otn] gful/s cfGbf]ngdf klg ;lqmo x'g'x'G5 .

@)%$ ;fnaf6 kqsfl/tf z'? ug' { ePsf v8\sfn] 5fkf / ljB'tLo ;~rf/dfWod b'a}df cfkm\gf] Ifdtf k|:t 'tul//xg' ePsf] 5 . sl/a Ps bzsb]lv kqsfl/tf If ]qdf lqmoflzn v8\sfn ] clxn] gofF klqsf /fli6«o b}lgs, Go"h@$ 6]lnlehg / g]kfn PkmPdsf] bf]nvf ; +jfbbftfsf] lhDd]jf/L jxg ul//xg' ePsf] 5 eg] bf ]nvfjf6 k |;f/0f x'g]xfd|f] /] l8of] ;~rfns ;ldltsf] ;lrj / ;dfrf/ ;+of]hssf] x}l;otn] klg pxfFn] kqsfl/tf If ]qsf] ljsf;df of]ubfgk '¥ofO{/xg' ePsf] 5 . k |:t 't 5, qmflGtsf/L kqsf/ ; +3sf] tkm{af6 kqsf/ dxf; +3sf] cWoIf kb ;lxt KofgnpDd]b\jf/L lbg' ePsf v8\sf; Fu ul/Psf] s'/fsfgLsf] ;f/ .

· tkfO{ cfkm} qmflGtsf/L kqsf/x?sf] g]tf . s;/L ;a}nfO{ ;dfg Jojxf/ xf]nf / <ljZjf; ug]{ cfwf/ s] xf] <ljrf/sf] cfwf/n] Pp6f ;+u7g;Fu cfj4 eP klg d]/f] k]zf kqsfl/tf xf], d]/f ;fyLcfd kqsf/x? x'g\ . lxhf]sf lbgdf klg d} +n] cfkm\gf] :yfgdf /x]/ bf]nvfsf] kqsfl/tfIf]qsf] ljsf;df s'g} g s'g} ?kdf ;xof]u u/]sf] 5' . Tof] cfd kqsf/ ;fyLx?n] kSs}d"Nof+sg ug'{ ePs} 5 . To;}n] dxf;+3sf] g]t[Tjsf] ;jfndf ljrf/ eGbf klg e"ldsf,lqmoflzntf / x}l;otnfO{ ;fyLx?n] x]g' { x'g]5 eGg] d]/f] ljZjf; 5 . dxf;+3nfO{ Pp6f;+u7gsf] g]tf xf]O{g, cfd kqsf/sf] g]tf rflxPsf] 5 . To;}n] nId0f v8\sfnfO{dxf;+3sf] cWoIfsf] lhDd]jf/L lbO{of] eg] s'g} klg ;fyLx?nfO{ x]g]{ / ug]{ Jojxf//fhgLlts ljrf/sf cfwf/df x'g] 5}g . of] d]/f] ;fj{hlgs k|ltj4tf xf] . xfdL klxn]kqsf/ xf}+, To;kl5 dfq} ljrf/sf] cfwf/df sxL st} .· dxf;+3sf jt{dfg cWoIfn] Ps sfo{sfn yKg rfx]sf]df tkfO{x?n] rf+lx lsg:jLsf/ gug'{ ePsf] <xf], /fh]Gb|hLn] rfxgf /fVg' ePsf] 5 . pxfFsf] Tof] rfxgfsf] d ;Ddfg ub{5' . t/,ljutsf ;efkltx?n] b'O{ sfo{sfn ;Dxfn] eGb}df ;a}df of] lgod nfu" x'Fb}g . clg,kbdf /x] dfq} dxf;+3sf] ;+:yfut ljsf; x'g] / g/x] xF'b}g eGg] wf/0ff g}+ unt 5 .ug] { dfG5]n] aflx/ a;]/ klg ;xof]u ug{ ;S5 . ;a}n] b'O{ sfo{sfn latfpFb} uP cGolqmoflzn ;fyLx? g]t[Tjdf slxn] k'Ug] < Ifdtf / lqmoflzntfsf] d"Nof+sg x'g] lsgx'g] < /fh]Gb|hLn] bf]xf]¥ofpg] eP pxfFn] cGo O{R5's ;fyLx?sf] efjgfnfO{ a'em\g' k5{,c? ;fyLx?nfO{ klg lhDd]jf/L lbP/ ;Fu;Fu} n}hfg' k5{ . t/, clxn];Dd To;f] x'g;s]sf] 5}g . cWoIf, pkfWoIf, ;lrj, sf]iffWoIf cfkm}n] /fv]/ cGo cu|h kqsf/x?nfO{;b:odf yGSofpg] dg;fo /fv]/ s;/L xf]nf <· To;f] eP ca gofF g]t[Tjsf nflu ;xdltsf] ;Defjgf 5}g <;xdlt / ;dembf/Lsf] ;Defjgf ;b} hLljt x'G5 . xfdLn] Kofgn\\\\\\\ \\\\\\sf] 3f]if0ff ubf{ klg;xdltnfO{ klxnf] k|fyldstf lbPsf lyof}+ . o;sf] dtnj xfdL cem} klg ;xdltsf]

cfwf/df ;Ddfghgs x}l;otdf ;xefuL x'g rfxG5f}+ . ;xdlt ePg eg] lgjf{rgdfhfgsf nflu pDd]bjf/L 3f]if0ff ul/Psf] xf] . ;xdltsf nflu tof/ x'Fbfx'Fb} klg cGo;fyLx?n] otflt/ Wofg glbP/ JolQmut nljdf nfUg' ePsf] 5 . ;b:o ;+Vofs}cfwf/df 3d08 ul/of] eg] s;/L ;xdlt x'g ;S5 . tyfkL ;xdltsf] cfwf/dfdxf;+3sf] g]t[Tj rogsf nflu \\\

qmflGtsf/L kqsf/ ;+3 / g]kfn k|]; o'lgogaLr dxf;+3sf] g]t[Tjsf nflu ;xsfo{xF'b}5 eGg] ahf/ xNnf 5 . o;df sltsf] ;Totf 5 <ahf/df s] xNnf rn]÷rn]gg\ eGg] af/]df qmflGtsf/L kqsf/ ;+3 kl5 nfUb}g . xfdLxfd|f] egfO{ k|lt k|ltj4 5f}+ . xfd|f] klxnf] k|fyldstf k|]; rf}tf/L, qmflGtsf/L kqsf/;+3 / k|]; o'lgogaLrsf] ;Ddfghgs ;xsfo{ g}+ xf] . tkfO{n] eg] em} + o' lgog;Fu xfd|f]uf]Ko ;xdlt ePsf] eP Kofgn pDd]bjf/L lsg 3f]if0ff ug' { kYof]{ < To:tf] s]lx ePsf]

5}g . b'O{ tkmL{ 5nkmnsf k|lqmofx? rf+lx cl3 a9]sf 5g\ . km/s olt xf], k|];rf}tf/Ln] gofF g]t[Tjsf af/]df s'g} cflwsf/Ls k|:tfj /fv]sf] 5}g . kmfu'g # ut];Ddklg ;xdltsf nflu xfd|f] k|of; hf/L /xg]5 . lsgsL xfdL lg0ff{os l:yltdf 5f}+ .o4lk ;a}sf] ;xdlt geP lgjf{rgdf hfg'sf] ljsNk 5}g . Tof] a]nf k|]; rf}tf/L jfo'lgog hf] sf]lx;Fu xfd|f] ;Ddfghgs pkl:ylt /xg] zt{df ;xsfo{ x'g ;S5 . 7"nf];+u7gn] k]n]/ hfg] gLlt lnof] eg] ;fgf b'O{ ;+u7gaLr ;xsfo{ x'g] ;Defjgf rf+lx

gePsf] xf]O{g . cGtdf d]/f ljrf/x? kf7s;Dd k'¥ofpg ;xof]u ug'{ ePsf]dfsfln~rf]s ;fKtflxsnfO{ xflb{s wGojfb lbg rfxG5' . casf] kqsf/ dxf;+3sf]g]t[Tj rog ubf{ ljrf/nfO{ cfwf/ gdfgL h'emf?, lqmoflzn / ;Ifd JolQmTjnfO{;dy{g ug{ d cfd kqsf/ ;fyLx?nfO{ cg'/f]w ub{5' . wGojfb .


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;x/df nuftf/ xKtf};Dd sô"{ nfUof] .lgif]wf1f hf/L eof] . cfGbf]ngsf] s]xL lbg glaTb}uf ]n L rNg yfNof ] . hgtfsf ; ' /I ffsdL{elgPsfx?af6 hgtfs} 5ftL tflsg yfNof] .3fOt]x?sf] s?0f lrTsf/, eLif0f cft{gfbn] ;x/}ljeT; b]lvof] . cGt/f{li6«o /]8qm;sf uf8Lx?nfO{3fOt] af]Sg k|ltaGb nfUof] . /]8qm; / clwsf/jfbLsf uf8Lx?;d]t ;8sdf u'8\g 8/fP . 3fOt]sf]cft{k'sf/n] df]8n c:ktfn xlNnof] . 8fS6/x?sf]dfgjLo efjgf b]Vbf nfUYof] 8fS6/x? g} ;fIffteujfg x'g .

cfGbf]ngdf kqsfx? lu/ˆtf/ eP . ;x/sfPkm Pdx?nfO{ ;dfrf/ ;Dk| ]if0fdf lgif]lwt ul/of] t/Pkm Pdx?n] 36gf :ynaf6} ;dfrf/ k|;f/ u/] .kqsf/sf] lg8/tf b]v]/ / d]/f] >Ldfg klg kqsf/ePsf] gftfn] d]/f] x[bo uj{n] km"Nof] . t/ Hofgsf];'/Iff lyPg . d}n] pxfFnfO{ eg]y]F æca lg/+s'zzf;sx? af3 ePsf 5g\, tkfO{ cfGbf]ng :yndfghfg';, olb tkfO{nfO{ s]xL e}lbof] eg] oLnfnfafnfx?sf] xfnt s] xf]nf . d s;/L afFr'nf .h] x'G5 xf];, b]z p7fpg] 7]Ssf tkfO{sf] dfq xf]/ Û of] cfhaf6 ;8sdf ghfg'; .Æ

d]/f] cg'gosf] k|To't/ pxfFn] uDeL/ eP/lbg'eof] æ;fwgf, olta]/sf] ;a}eGbf 7"nf] bfloTjxfd|f] xf] . JolQmut :jfy{eGbf /fli6«o :jfy{ xhf/fF}u'0ff uxg 5 . To; sf/0f xfd|f] wd{ g} ;TotYo;dfrf/ hgtfdfem Nofpg' xf] . xfdL d/]/ s]xLx'b}g ;fwgf . b]z dg'{ lbg' x'Fb}g . b]z d¥of] eg] efjLk':tfn] xfdLnfO{ lwSsf/ 5g\ . cj n8fOFsf clGtdlbgx? 6f9f 5}gg\ . lg/+s'z ;Qfwf/Lx? xfb}{5g\ / xfdLlhTb}5f} . To;}n], ;fwgf d cj ;8sdf hfG5' . cfhsnªsL aN5 h:tf] 5 . ToxfFsf] ;g;gL ;dfrf/Sofd/fdf s}b ug'{5 . /fhgLlts kf6L{sf g]tf sfo{stf{;8sdf cf]ln{ ;s] dnfO{ l9nf] eof] d lxF8] . jxfFlx8\g' eof] .

jxfFsf] ;f/ule{g egfOn ] d k|km'Nn ePFoBlk jxfF ;s'zn kms]{g] s'/fdf dnfO{ z+sflyof] . sf/0f lg/+s'z ;Qf cGwf] ePsf] lyof] .kqsf/} zf;ssf tf/f] aGg ;Sy]F . x]bf{x]b}{ jxfF;8sdf x/fpg'eof] otf d]/f] d'6' 9Ss km'n]/ knkndfck;u'g ;dfrf/ ;'Gg' kg]{ xf] ls eGg] z+sfn]z;+lst eof] . d cGt/cfTdfsf] kL8fn] af]lemnePF .

lg/+s'z zf;gsf nflu kqsf/x? ;a}eGbfalnof zq' b]lvP To;}n] xf]nf ;u/dfyf PkmPdsf]ljlj;L ;dfrf/df k|ltaGw nfUof] . sflGtk'/sf]k"{jL k|;f/0fsf] cklnª\s ;fdfgx? /ftf/ft ;/sf/L ;]gfx?n] 8s}tLs} z}nLdf ;f]:of] . o;af6zf;s ;a}eGbf a9L kq sf/0f / ;~rf/ dfWodaf6ql;t ePsf] k|df0f ldNYof] .

pQm lbg afaf cfGbf]ngdf xf]ldPkl5 ;fgf5f]/f 5f]/Lsf] d'vsf] sflGt x/fof] . lbgel/ afafcfpg] af6f]df cfFvf laR5ofO{ /x] . afaf lbge/gcfPkl5 5f]/f5f]/L w]/} tl8\kP . d 5f]/f5f]/Lsf]cufl8 ?OgF dfq . pgLx?n] emg kL/ u5{g eg]/ .;fFem l5lKkb} uof] . uf]nLsf] cfjfh ;'lgg yfNof] .

d c1ft eon] cfqmfGt ePF . =/ftL * ah]lt/ cN5L /kL/ dfGb} vfgf agfPF . afaf cem} cfpg'ePg . d}n]5f/f5f]/Lx?nfO{ vfgf vfg af]nfPF .t/ pgLx?n] dfGb}dfg]g\ dnfO{ t emg s] ?RYof], cf]7 d'v ;'s]/ sn]l6PsflyP . pgLx?n] eg] afaf cfPkl5 vfg] . d}n] eg]F afafl9nf] cfpg'x'G5, ltdLx? vfPg ;'t . d afaf cfP kl5d p7fp5' . t/ pgLx?n] dfGb} dfg]g\ / ;'Tbf klg;'t]gg\ .

d}n] 8]/fsf] ‰ofnaf6 snª\sL l/ªu/f]8 lrrfPF .;8sdf s'g} ufl8 lyPgg\ Psb'O{6f 6«sx? ;]gf v;fNb}lyP . sô"F gtf]8\g dfOsaf6 cfb]z x'Fb} lyof] . t/hg;fu/ pn]{/ ;]gfsf] lgoGq0fsf] sfa' aflx/ u};s]sf]lyof] .

/ftsf] P3f/ aHof] . 5f]/fn] l6=eL vf]n]5 .dnfO{ s'b]/ cfO ;'gfof] Ps} ;f;df dDdL cfGbf]ngsf/Lsfdfu k"/f ePF . sô"{ x6\of] d klg hfpF ;8sdf < dnfO{tTsfn kTof/ ePg / l6=eL df uPF . x]/] d'Vo ;dfrf/;lsP klg a6d Go"hdf d]/f] 5f]/fn] eg]em}F s'/f n]lvPsf]lyof] . 5f]/L Psxft plk|mO{ / egL dDdL d afaf lnghfG5' . d}n] eg] 5f]/L Û afaf sxfF x'g'x'G5 ltdLn] kQf]kfpFlbgf}, To:tf] g/fd|f] ;dfrf/ ;'lgPsf] 5}g . jxfFcfOxfNg' x'G5 lg Û a? cfpm xfdL ;a} vfgf vfpmF .pgLx?n] dfGb} dfg]gg\ . d ‰ofFnaf6 x]b}{ lyPF . ;]gfsfxltof/ tn em's]sf lyP . pgLx? lzsf/ efu]sf] l;+xh:t} b]lvP . cl3;Dd dlxiff;'/h:tf b]lvg] aGb's]x?sf]g'/ lsg lu/]sf] xf]nf . pgLx? ptf otf ub}{ lyP . sf]xLd"lt{jt, ;8sdf plePsf lyP . /ft l5lKkb} uof] . 3l8x]/]F ;f9] P3f/ ah]5 .

jxfF Psd'7L v'zL lnP/ sf]7fdf l5g'{ eof] /eGg'eof] ;fwgf Û o'4 ;lsof] . /fhf ;ft bnsf] /f]8Dofkcg';f/ rNg] eP . xfd|f] st{Jo cf+lzs k"/f eof] . pxfFJou| b]lvg'x'GYof] .d}n] vfgf kl:sPF . ;a} ldn]/ v'zLsf] vfgf vfofF} .5f]/f5f]/Lsf] cg'xf/df v'zLsf] cfef b]lvGYof] . r'lx;s]/pxfFn] eGg'eof] ;fwgf d cfh xfd|f] ldl6ªdf hfg'5 .ljho h'n'; lgsfNg] s'/f 5 . ltdLx? ;'Tg' . d}n] eg]laxfg uP, x'b}g / <x}g ;fwgf xfd|f] ldl6ª af]nfO{ ;lsPsf] 5 . Ps/ftg;'Tb}df s] km/s k5{ / . 5f]/f5f]/LnfO{ ;Demfpg' eof]/ d;Fu labf lnP/ pxfF lg:sg' eof] . d /fte/ ;'ltgFafx| Pslt/ kqsf/sf] ljho h'n'; snlÍ rf]sdf b]vfk¥of] . dw'/f] k|sfzdf d]/f >4]o kltb]j ljhosf] xftp7fpFb} x'g'x'GYof] . afnaRrf ;'lt;s]sf lyP . d}n] ;f]r]cxf] kqsf/n] hlt b]znfO{ dfof c?n] ubf]{ /x]g5 Sof/] Û/ftdf lgb|f 5}g, lbgdf ef]s 5}g . Hofgsf] kjf{x 5}g .wGo kqsf/ Û sqf] 5ftL /fli6«otfsf], dfgjtfsf],:jtGqtfsf] .

nf]stGq lhGbfjfb Û u0ftGq lhGbfjfb Û gf/fx?aNv'lt/ df]l8P . d}n] >LdfgnfO{ b]Vg 5f]8F ] . dnfO{ klg v'zLnfu]5 . dgdg} eg]5' kqsf/ lhGbfjfb .

laxfg % ah]lt/ d emsfPF5' . pxfF cfP/ af]nfpg'eof]æ;fwgf p7\ Û ltdL klg lxF8 . ;8sd} v'zL af8fF } .Æ 5f]/f5f/Lp7fpg'eof] / h'n';df hfg tof/ x'g cx|fpg'eof] . xfdL ;a};8sdf 5l/of} / ;fdfv'zL dfu{lt/ nfUof}F ljhosf xftxNnfpFb} .

;fFem crfgs s;}n] elglbof] kqsf/ emf ckx/0fdfkg' {eof] . d 5fFufaf6 v;]F . b]zdf nf]stGq cfPsf] 5,klxnfh:tf] ckx/0f x'g] lalQs} Hofg hf]lvddf kg]{ ;Defjgfsd lyof], Ps dgn] ;f]wk'5sf nflu s;}n] nu]sf xf]nfg\ .cjZo d]/f >Ldfg ;sz'n kms{g'x'G5 eGg] s'/fdf d cfwfljZj:t ePF / 5f]/f5f]/L, cfkmGt, ;f;';;'/fnfO{ kL/ gdfGgcfu|x u/]+ oBlk d/f] dg eg] ;fx| } 8/fO/x]sf] lyof] .

d]/f] >Ldfgsf] ckx/0fn] b]zsf] kqsfl/tf hutxlNnof] . ;ft lbg, bz lbg / kGw| lbg ;Dd klgd/f] >Ldfgsf] cQf]kQf] ePg . d]/f] ljZjf;df sfnfafbnsf wAafx? b]lvg] yfn] . ckx/0f ug]{x?sf]klxrfg eof] t/ gfd dfqsf] ;/sf/ sfgdf t]n}xfn]/ a:of] . vf]h]sf] h:tf] u¥of] .

d /fhg}lts kf6L{sf] 9f]sf 9f]sfdf d]/f]>Ldfgsf] ;s'zn p2f/sf] nflu cfFz' lnP/9S9Sofpg k'u] . k|wfgdGqLb]lv ckx/0fsf/Lsf] pRrg]t[Tjdf k'u]/ xf/ u'xf/ dfu] . ld7f] cfZjf;gkfOof] . ckx/0f ug]{ kIfsf] g]t[Tjn] cfkm\gf] ;+nUgtfgePsf] hjfkm lbP/ klG5of] . cfh d d]/f] >Ldfgsf]nf; jf ;f;sf] nflu x/ lbg/ft t8\lkO{ a;]sf] 5' .s] d]/f] >Ldfgn] hLjg u'dfpg' kg]{ j/bfg slytnf]stGqn] lbPsf] xf] <

xfd|f] b]z g]kfndf cfof]eG5g\ u0ftGqk"j{ hfpF dfof]tGq t/fO{ hfpmdgdGq 5}g st} :jtGq .x?jfn] b]z rnfof] eGy]ga'‰g]x?;'g]s} xf]nf b]v]s} xf]nfgofF dGqLd08n u7g ul/Pg c? .

b'O{ lbgdf gofF dGqLu7g u5'{ eGg]x?^ dlxgf k'lu;Sof] v} stfk'Uof] yf]qf ukmx? .

clxn] af]n] s] af]n]Faf]n]sf] efif0f yfxf 5}gcfkm";Fu}sf ;fyLx?nfO{ lrQ a'em\bf]slxNo} ePg .

lapm /fd|f] eP kf] af]6klg /fd|f] x'G5'/fd|f] lzIff kfPsf] eP;+;bdf km'6\g sf] hfG5 .

l;s] pgLx?n] afFb/sf] :jefjcfkm\gf] 3/ klg 5}g c?sf] klg eTsfOlbg]cfkm" eg] df;' lgNg g;Sg]c?sf] 8'8'Nsf] lgN5' eGg] .

lsg 5f]8]sf] cfkm" a;]sf] s';L{lsg xfFS5fF} ukmcfkm" klg b]z rnfpg g;Sg]n]lsg dfu]sf] k|wfgdGqLsf] kb .

x?jfn] g} b]z rnfpg' 5 eg]cfkm\gf] sfg ;dfof] dfcf]jfbL kf6L{lsg nfsf] /flhgfdf lbg lsg a:g;s]g} t k|wfgdGqLsf] s';L{ dfly .


kqsf/ dxf;+3sf] clwj]zg glhlsb} ubf{ bf]nvfdfklg r'gfjL /+u ;'? x'g yfn]sf] 5 gL < cjZo klg . kqsf/ dxf;+3, bf]nvfsf] clwj]zgca w]/} 6f9f 5}g . To;}n] klg clwj]zgsf];f/udL{ a9\g' gf}nf] xf]Og .efjL cWoIfdf tkfO{ Fsf] klg gfd cfPsf] 5 lg <gfd cfPsf] dfq} xf]Og, d}n] cfkm\gf] pDd]bjf/L3f]if0ff g} ul/;s]sf] 5' .o; k6s kqsf/ dxf;+3 bf]nvfdf a9L/fhgLlt x'g yfNof] eG5gL < dnfO{To:tf] nfUb}g . :jefljs ?kdfkqsf/ dxf;+3 ;a}vfn] kqsf/x?sf];femf ;+:yf ePsfn] ;a}vfn] /fhgLlts ljrf/ af]Sg] ;fyLx? ;dfj]z x'g'dxf;+3s} ;'Gb/ kIf xf] . To;f] ePsf]n] ljrf/cg';f/sf] ;+u7gx?df cfufdLg]t[Tjsfaf/]df 5nkmn x'g ;S5g\ . To;nfO{ klg gsf/fTds ?kdf lng' x'Fb}g .a? s'g} ljrf/ af]lsPsf] cfcfkm\gf] ;+u7g 7"nf] jf ;fgf] ePcg';f/ kbsf]afF8kmfF8 ug]{ jf cfkm\gf] ;+u7g 7"nf] ePsf] cfwf/df lglj{sNk clwsf/ /fVg]wf/0ff /fhgLlts xf] . ca To:tf] vfn] k/Dk/fnfO{ kl/jt{g ug'{k5{ / ;xdlt/ ;xsfo{af6} g]t[Tj rog ug]{ k/Dk/f a;fNg'k5{ .tkfO{F ;xdltsf] s'/f ul//xg' ePsf] 5 . ;xdltsf] ;Defjgf slQsf] 5o;k6s <;xdlt ;w}+ ;Dej x'G5 . o;k6s klg ;xdltsf] ;Defjgf 5 . t/ lxhf]cfhahf/df / ;~rf/dfWoddf ;'lgP em}+ s'g} ljsNkx? v'nf gul/sg} rf+lx

;xdlt ;Dej 5}g . ;xdltdf ;a} ljsNkx? v'nf /fVg'k5{ . cfkm"nfO{rflxg]hlt efu /fVg] clg afFsLdf ;xdlt vf]h]/ kfpg ;lsFb}g .olb ;xdlt ePg eg] lgjf{rgdf tkfO{F klg pqg] xf] <;s];Dd ;xdlt / ;xsfo{af6} dxf;+3sf] g]t[Tj rog x'g'k5{ eGg] dnfO{ nfU5 .To;sf nflu x/;Dej k|oTg x'G5 . clGtd ljsNk lgjf{rg t 5Fb}5 lg ÛTo;sf] pkof]u d klg u5'{ g} .s] qmflGtsf/L / k|]; rf}tf/Ln] tkfO{nfO{ ;dy{g unf{g\ t < qmflGtsf/Ln] tKofgn g} 3f]if0ff u/L ;Sof] lg <;xdlt / ;xsfo{ xfd|f] k|fyldstf xf] . qmflGtsf/L / k|]; rf}tf/LeGbf klgTo;df cfj4 kqsf/ ;fyLx?n] dnfO{ cjZo klg ;xof]u ug'{x'g]5 eGg]ljZjf; klg u5'{ . qmflGtsf/L kqsf/ ;+3n] Kofng g} 3f]if0ff ubf{ s]xLlalu|Psf] 5}g, g k|]; rf}tf/Ln] Kofgn 3f]if0ff ubf{ g} s]xL lalu|G5 . lsgls;xdltsf nflu, jftf{sf nflu 9f]sf v'n} ePsf] hfgsf/L klg ;fyLx?n]lbg'ePsf] 5 .cfufdL dxf;+3nfO{ cuf8L a9fpFg s:tf] of]hgf 5 tkfO{;Fu <kqsf/ dxf;+3sf ;b:ox?nfO{ Jofj;flos kqsfl/tfdf nufpg k|oTgug] { . kqsfl/tf k]zfnfO{ ;+:yfut 9+un] cufl8 a9fpg k|f]T;fxg ug]{, dxf;+3bf ]nvf lhNnf zfvfsf] ejg lgdf {0f ug] {, >dhLjL kqsf/ P]g sfof{Gjgsf]nflu ;+:yfut 9+un] lqmofsnfk cufl8 a9fpg], kqsf/x?nfO{ lqmofzLnagfpg ljleGg ultljlwx? ;~rfng ug] {, lhNnfaf6 k|sflzt k|;fl/t;~rf/ dfWodx?nfO{ lg/Gt/tfsf nflu kxn ug]{ cflb d]/f] k|fyldssfo{qmdx? x'g\ .

bf]nvf lhNnfdf nfdf] ;dob]lv kqsfl/tf ub}{ cfpFg' ePsf zDe' uf}td g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3sf s]Gb|Lo kfifb{ x'g'x'G5 . k|]; o'lgog bf]nvfsf cWoIfsf] lhDd]jf/Laxg u/L ;Sg' ePsf uf}tdn] g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3sf] cfufdL sfo{sfnsf] nflu cWoIfsf nflu pDd]bfjf/L lbg] 3f]if0ff ug'{ ePsf] 5 . uf}td;Fu sfln~rf]s;Gb]zsf k|ltlglwn] u/]sf] s'/fsfgLsf] ;+If]k .

…;femf g]t[Tj 5fGg'k5{Ú8]9 bzsb]lv kqsfl/tfdf ;lqmo afns[i0f a:g]tn ] g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3sf] cfufdL r'gfjnfO{ glhs}af6 lgof+nL/xg'ePsf] 5 . sflGtk'/b}lgssf jl/i7 ;+jfbbftfsf ?kdf sfo{/t a:g]t bf]nvfnL kqsf/ ;dfhsf cWoIf ;d]t x'g'x'G5 . pxfF;Fu bf]nvfnL kqsf/x?sf] r'gfjLdfxf}n / g]t[Tj k|lqmofaf/] ul/Psf] s'/fsfgL

kqsf/ dxf; +3sf] bf]nvfsf] clwj]zgglhlsb} ubf{ bf]nvfdf klg r'gfjL /+u ;'?x'g yfn]sf] 5 . bf]nvfnL kqsf/ ;dfhsf]cWoIfsf ] x}l ;otn ] s:tf] d "Nof +sgul//xg'ePsf] 5 <– bf]nvfnL kqsf/x? r'gfjL dfxf ]ndf5g\ . x'g t dxf;+3 s]Gb|sf] tof/L :j?kcGo lhNnfdf klg zfvf clwj]zgx?eO/x]sf 5g\ . sf7df8f}+sf] glhs bf]nvfsf]kqsf/ r'gfjnfO{ klg dxTjsf;fyx]l//x]sf] 5 . o;sf s]xL sf/0fx? 5g\ .

h:t} s]Gb|n] bf]nvf zfvfnfO{ sfdsf] d"Nof+sgsf lx;fan] cu|0fL lhNnfsf?kdf x]/]sf], lhDd]jf/L ;dodf k"/f ug]{, ;b:otf ljjfb/lxt 9+un] ljt/0f ug]{,;+:yfut sfdsf nflu gd"gf ?kdf cu'jfO{ ug]{ egL bf]nvf zfvfn] kl/rokfPsf] 5 . Toltdfq ge}, d'n'ssf] kqsfl/tf / cGo If]qdf bf]nvfsf] k|ltlglwTj,;lqmotfn] klg r'gfjL rf;f]nfO{ a9fPsf] 5 . bf]nvfd} ljsf; ePsf] ldl8ofqmflGtn] To;df dnhn u/]sf] 5 . of] lx;fan] klg bf]nvfdf kqsf/x?sf] r'gfjL/+u a9]sf] b]v]sf] 5' .kqsf/ dxf;+3 bf]nvfsf] efjL cWoIfdf s:tf] x'g''k5{ xf]nf <– bf]nvfdf pa{/ aGb} uPsf] ;~rf/ qmflGtnfO{ g]t[Tj lbg ;Sg] kqsf/ lglZrt?kdf cWoIfsf] xsbf/ xf] . o;sf] lg0f{o bf]nvf zfvfsf ;b:ox?n] ug]{5g\ .o:tf] g]t[Tj h;n] a9LeGbf a9L ;xdltdf sfd ug{ ;sf];\ . dxf;+3n] clxn]u/]sf /fd|f sfdnfO{ tLa| 9+un] lg/Gt/tf lbg ;Sg] x'g'k5{ .

o; k6s kqsf/ dxf;+3 bf]nvfdf a9L /fhgLlt ePsf] xNnf 5 lg <– :jefljs xf] . a9L /fhgLlt jf g]t[Tjdf cfpg w]/}sf] rfxgf x'g' eg]sf] bf]nvfzfvfsf] ul/df / dof{bf a9]sf] eGg] k'i6L x'g' xf] . dxf;+3sf] kmf]/dn] cfdhgtfsf] ljZjf; / e/f];f a9\g' klg xf] . To;}n] zfvfsf ;b:ox?df dxf;+3leqsfo{;ldltd} /x]/ sfd ug]{ rfxgf a9]sf] xf] . klxn] dxf;+3 /x]/ sfd ug{s}nflu olt la3\g rfxgf x'Fb}gYof] . clxn] l:ylt km/s ePsf] 5 . t/, To;nfO{a9L /fhgLlt eg]/ gsf/fTds ?kdf lng' x'Fb}g h:tf] nfU5 .;xdltd} sfo{;ldlt rog ug]{ s'/f klg ;'lgG5 . Tof] ;Defjgf sltsf]kfpg'ePsf] 5 o;k6s <– bf]nvf zfvfsf] :yfkgfb]lv g} ;xdltd} g]t[Tj 5gf}6 x'g] u/]sf] 5 . To;dfJolQm, cf:yf, lgi7f jf cGo s'g} cfwf/df nljË ug]{, ws]Ng] k|j[lt 5}g . o;nfO{lg/Gt/tf lbg' /fd|f] xf] . o'lgog, rf}tf/L, qmflGtsf/Lsf ;fyLx?n] kSs} o;nfO{dgg ug{'x'g]5 . ;xdltd} ;a} kbsf] lg0f{o x'g ;Sof] eg] To;n] Pp6f ;Gb]zklg lbG5 .kqsf/ dxf;+3nfO{ ;xdltsf] cfwf/df ;femf sfo{;ldlt agfpg tkfO{sf]ljrf/df s] ug'{ knf{ <– klxnf] s'/f kqsf/ dxf;+3nfO{ klg /fhgLlt ug] { ynf]sf ?kdf ;f]Rg xF'b}g .o;cl3 To;/L gx]l/Psfn] To;}nfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbg] xf] eg] ;femf sfo{;ldltsf]w]/} ;Defjgf a9\5 . csf]{, nfdf] ;dob]lv bf]nvfsf] kqsfl/tf, o;sf] ljsf;sfnflu of]ubfg lbPsf cg'xf/ x]g{'k5{ . To; cfwf/df Pp6f 6Ld 5fGg'k5{ .To;/L 5fGbf h'g;'s} cf:yfleqsf ;fyLx? k/]klg cufl8 a9fpg s~h':ofO{ug'{ xF'b}g . ;femf g]t[Tj 5fGg ;s] dxf;+3df clxn]sf] pknAwLnfO{ arfpg /yk sfd ug{sf nflu ;lhnf] x'g]5 . To;}n] ;femf g]t[Tjd} Wofg lbg'k5{ . Tof];Dej ePg eg] r'gfjL k|lqmofnfO{ ;xh} :jLsfg{'k5{ .


k':ts / klqsf

xfd|f] cWoogsNof0fL kf7s

;"rgf tyf ;~rf/ dGqfno

kqsf/ tyf ;~rf/dfWodx?aLrsf]cfk;L ;DaGw Jofj;flos, :j:y,;+oldt dof{lbt / ;'dw'/ /fVg b'a};lqmo / k|oTgzLn x'g'kb{5 .

g]kfn ;/sf/

cWoog u/]/ Oltxf; kfpg ;lsG5 /cWoogaf6} kl9G5 jt{dfg clg cWoogs} pkh xf]eljiosf] ult klg . cWoog ug{] tf}/tl/sf km/skm/s x'G5g\ / p2]Zo klg . afFRgsf nflu ;+3i{f/tdfG5] lbgfg'lbg cfkm"df kg{] ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfgsf nflupkfP s] x'g ;S5 eGg] cWoog ug{ yfNb5 . cfly{s,ef}lts, ;f+:s[lt, g}lts, ;fdflhs, j}1flgs cyjf bfz{lgs h'g;'s} kIfnfO{ lgof+Ngtyf tL kIfnfO{ ;dfhcg's'n kl/dfh{g ub{} n}hfgsf nflu klg cWoogn] g} e"ldsflgjf{x ul//x]sf] x'G5 . ljZjdf s]xL cgf}7f j:t' km]nf k¥of] eg] lj1fgn] To;sf]klxrfgsf nflu cWoog ;'? u5{ . dflg; lsg ;'v ;'ljwf / cfw'lgs k|ljlwsf] ;'vpkef]u u/]/ klg c;Gt'i6 /xG5 of] ljifosf] cWoog bz{gn] ;'? u5{ . o;/L ljifoj:t'km/s x'G5g\ clg cfjZostf cg';f/ cWoogsf] ult klg ;Fu;Fu} . o;/L x]bf{ nfU5lbgfg'lbg s'g} klg JolQmn] s]xL g s]xLsf] cWoog u/L/x]sf] 5 clg lgrf]8 k|flKtsfljsNkx? ckgfO/x]sf] 5 . To;}n] ca ;lhn} eGg ;lsG5 cWoog lagf g s;}sf] hLjg;Dej 5, g ;dfhsf] ult ;Dej 5 gls ljZj kl/jt{g g} ;Dej 5 . cem c? zAbdfJoQm ubf{ cWoog hf] sf]xLaf6 x'g ;Sg] Ps k|sf/sf] a'emfO{ xf], vf]h xf], cg';Gwfg xf]cyjf c? klg s]xL .

of] cÍdf tkfOFn] , d}n] clg ;a}n] s]xL g s]xL ljifodf ul//x]sf] cWoogsf] rrf{ug{ dg nfUof] . To;}n] ljZje/L ljleGg If]qdf kv]6f lkFmhfO/x]sf] km/flsnf] cWoognfO{n]vfOsf] ;'?df Ps b'O{ zAbdf JoQm u/]+ . s;}nfO{ glhsaf6 a'em\g xf];\, cyjf cfkm"n]cWoogaf6 cfh{g u/]sf] 1fg c?dfkm{t :ki6 kfg{sf nflu xf];\ oL lardf cWoogn] k"nsf]e"ldsf v]n]sf] x'G5 . o;/L k|ToIf cyjf ck|ToIf ?kdf hLjg ofqfnfO{ ;xh agfpg]lqmofdf cWoog ;zQm b]lvG5 . t}klg jt{dfgsf] cWoognfO{ cf]em]ndf kf/]/ cfufl8 ;g]{cEof; ug{ nfu]sf] b]lvG5 . h;n] ubf{ ;dfhdf ;d:ofn] ljs/fn ?k lnPsf] xf] ls eGg]nfU5, lsgls cWoogsf] sldn] ;d:of ;'Nemfpg] eGbf ;d:of hGdfpg] a9L b]lvPsf 5g\ .

ljz]if u/L bf]nvfdf ;"rgf, ljrf/ tyf ljleGg 1fgsf v'/fs afF8\gsf nflu y'k|}dfWodx? k|sfzg eO/x]sf 5g\ . o;/L k|sfzg eO/x]sf ljleGg k':ts tyf klqsfnfO{s]xL ;ftfb]lv cfˆgf] n]vsf] ljifo j:t' agfP/ ;+If]kdf ;d]6\g] hdsf{] u/L/x]sf] 5' . oxLqmddf of] cÍdf klg km/s p2]Zo, km/s ljrf/ / km/s z}nL lnP/ xfdL ;fd" b'O{ cÍ;DdcfO;s]sf] ax;d"ns q}dfl;s xfd|f] cWoognfO{ of] n]vfOsf] ljifoj:t' agfP/ ;+If]kdf 5'g]k|of; u/]sf] 5' . km/s cfofd af]s]/ xfdL ;fd" xfd|f]] cWoogsf] bfo/fnfO{ km/flsnf] agfpgk|] l/t ub{} cfPsf] o; q}dfl;sn] s'g} Ps ljifodf ljleGg JolQmsf] ax;nfO{ ;d]6]/kf7snfO{ s'g} klg j:t'sf] lj:t[t ;"rgf lbg] hdsf{ ] u/]sf] 5 . To;df klg cfly{sqmflGtsf] 7"nf] cfzf af]s]sf] bf]nvfdf hnljB't ljsf;sf] cj:yfnfO{ o; k|sfzgsf] bf];|f]cÍdf ljleGg If]qdf cfj4 JolQmx?n] u/]sf] ax;n] kf7sx?nfO{ d'n'ss} rrf{sf] ljifoalg/x]sf] bf]nvfdf hnljB't / cjsf] elj:o ;DaGwdf :ki6 x'g] cj;/ lbPsf] 5 . To;}u/L o; q}dfl;sn] ;flxTo tyf ljrf/nfO{ klg :yfg lbPsf] 5 h;sf sf/0f ;flxTodf?lr /x]sf kf7sx?sf] nflu klg of] lk|o aGg ;sf];\ . q}dfl;sn] ;d]6]sf] ljifo j:t'tyf o;sf] k|efjsfl/tf lgs} g} nlrnf] ePsf] d}n] dxz'; u/]sf] 5' . km/s cfofd af]s]/xfdL ;fd" cfosf] xfd|f] cWoogn] xfdL ;a}sf] cWoogsf] bfo/fnfO{ cem} dha't agfpg;kmn agf]; . kf7saf6 cfPsf k|ltlqmofnfO{ ;d]6]/ o;sf cfufld cÍn] kf7ssf]rfxgfnfO{ ;Daf]wg ug{ ;sf];\, o;sf ;fy} ;"emfj klg . of] q}dfl;s s"g} Ps /fhlgltsljrf/ dfq kf]v]/ sg} Ps kIfafbL gagf];\, / s;}sf] JolQmjfbL ;f]+r kf]v]/ cfkm"nfO{ ;+;f/s} dxfg eGg] cxd af]s]sf] ljrf/nfO{ geO{ ;a}sf] ;femf ljrf/nfO{ o;n] ;d]6\g ;sf];\ .kf7ssf] a'emfO{df xfd|f] cWoog Ps ;femf klqsf xf] , / ;a}sf] nflu of] plQs} dxTjk"0f{ 5eGg] :yfg o; klqsfn] lng ;sf];\ . ax;, ljrf/ / ;flxTonfO{ lqsf]0ffTds :yfg lbP/klqsf k|sfzgsf] ;"?jft ug"{ ePsf ch"{g of]lunfO{ of] sndsf] wGojfb . ;fy} klqsfnfO{lg/Gt/tf lbg] ljifonfO{ dfq 7"nf] gdflg clxn] unt af6f]df k|:t't eO/x]sf o'jfk:tfnfO{ sd{df hfu?s ug{ pTk|]l/t ug{] v'/fs klg cfufld cÍdf ;d]6\g cfu|x ub{5' . t/ ;a} k|sfzsx?n] a'em\g' kg{] ljifo, s'g} klg ljifosf] uxg cWoog lagf k|sfzgdfNofOPsf kq klqsfx?n] ;dfhdf sd k|efjsf/Ltf af]s]sf] rflxF oyfy{ xf] . To;}n] n]vsxf];\ cyjf kf7s / n]vs g} lsg gxf];, ;a}n] cWoognfO{ k|fyfldstf lbg' kg{] cfjZostf5 . cWoog stf{sf] cefjdf ;dfhsf nflu rflxg] v'/fs JolQm ljd'v 5 . o;/L x]bf{ nfU5xfd|f] cWoog v'lDrFb} uPsf] 5 . To;}n] cWoogsf] dxTjnfO{ phfu/ u/]/ e|i6rf/JofKt ;dfhsf] ;jfn p7fgdf sfFk]sf sndx?nfO{ pT;fx k|bfg ub{} n]vsdf an k|bfgug{ ;Sg] jftfj/0f lgdf{0fdf xfd|f] cWoog ;kmn xf];\ klqsf lg/Gt/tfsf] z"esfdgf .

If]qjtL pRr dfljsf] !$ cf}+ cljefjs lbj; df3 @) ut] ;DkGg ePsf]5 . ljBfno Joj:yfkg ;ldltsf cWoIf xl/axfb'/ lh/]nsf] cWoIftfdf ePsf]sfo{qmddf ljBfnon] lgMz'Ns pRr lzIff ;~rfng ug]{ 3f]if0ff ;d]t u/]sf] 5 .bf]nvf lhNnfsf] If]qkf uflj;df /x]sf] If]qjtL pRr dfljn] ut jif{af6 lgMz'Ns?kdf pRr lzIff ;~rfng ub} { cfPsf] 5 . sfo{qmddf lhNnf lzIff clwsf/L u]xgfyuf}tdn] g]kfn ;/sfn] lgMZf'Ns ?kdf pRr lzIff lbg] c? pRr dflj gePsf] atfpFg'ePsf] lyof] .

@)%% ;fnaf6 k|j]lzsf kl/Iffdf ;xefuL ePsf] ljBfnon] clxn] lzIffzf:q ;+sfodf pRr lzIff cWofkg u/fpFb} cfPsf] 5 . sfo{qmddf g]skf Pdfn]bf]nvfsf cWoIf kfj{t u'?ªn] z'esfdgf dGtJo JoQm ug'{ ePsf] lyof] . cleefjslbj;sf] cj;/ kf/]/ :yfgLo ld7' ;'g]nn] Ps nfv ?k}ofF / lzIfs cljefjs;+3sf cWoIf l6sfaxfb'/ vqLn] !) xhf/ ?k}ofF a/fa/sf] cIfo sf]if :yfkgfsfnflu ;xof]u ug'{ ePsf] lyof] .

pRr lzIff lgMz'Ns k9fpFg] ljBfnozfGtaxfb'/ lh/]n If]qkf

gofF lzIff lgodfjnL cfpFg]

lzjs'df/ e'h]n 3\ofª;'sf7f]s/

lzIff dGqfnosf ;x ;lrj dxf>d zdf{n] lzIff If]qsf ljs[tL cGTosf nflugofF lzIff lgodfjnL Nofpg nfu]sf] atfpFg' ePsf] 5 . zdf{n] d+unaf/ lhNnfsf]3\ofª;'sf7f]s/ uflj;df /x]sf] g'gynf k|fljsf] pb\3f6g / ;/:jtL dlGb/sf] :yfkgfsfo{qmddf pQm s'/f atfpFg' ePsf] xf] . sfo{qmddf zdf{n] c:yfoL lzIfsnfO{ cfjZosk|lqmof k"/f u/]/ :yfoL ug{ tof/L eO{/x]sf] klg hfgsf/L lbg' eof] . ljBfno Joj:yfkg;ldltsf cWoIf s[i0f zdf{sf] cWoIftfdf ePsf] sfo{qmddf Plss[t g]skf dfcf]jfbLsfz+s/ nfdf, o'jf ;+3sf lx/f yf]s/, g]kfnL sfFu|];sf od ljqmd sfsL{, k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/Lu0f]zk|;fb e6\6/fO{, lzIfs o'lgogsf lhj;/fh v8\sf, lzIfs ;+3sf lzjx/L kf]v/]nn]dGtJo /fVg' ePsf] lyof] .

sfo{qmddf ljBfnonfO{ ;xof]u k'/\ofPsf] eGb} g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3 bf]nvfsfcWoIf /fh]Gb| dfgGw/ ;lxt kqsfx? lr/~hLjL df:s], zDe' uf}td, lbkz+s/ rf}nfufO{ /hLjg nfdf nufotnfO{ ;Ddfg ul/Psf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf jb{axfb'/ u0f bf]nvfsf u0fkltodaxfb'/ ;fksf]6fn] v]ns'b ;fdu|L vl/bsf nflu tLg xhf/ gub ;xof]u k|bfg ug'{ePsf] lyof] .

g]kfn ;/sf/sf] ;"rgf

;ftfsf] Sofd]/fdf

lh=k|=sf=bf]=b=g+= )&÷)^@÷^#

ko{6g jif{df bf]nvf ;'g;fgb]zdf k|hftflGqs zf;g Joj:yfsf] Pp6f zlQmsf

?kdf :jLsf/ ul/Psf ;~rf/sdL{x?sf] 5ftf ; +u7gsf]lgjf{rgn] clxn] rrf{ kfPsf] 5 . kmfu'gdf b]ze/Lsf lhNnfx?df

clwj]zg x'g]5 . To;}u/L s]Gb|Lo dxf;+3sf] lgjf{rg a}zfvdf x'g] ldlt toeO;s]sf] 5 . To; cy{df ;a} g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3af6 ;b:otf lnPsf kqsf/x? r'gfjL ax;df Jo:t b]lvG5g\ .

;fwf/0f ;b:ox?sf] g]t[Tj ug] { cyf{t ;du| ;~rf/ If]qsf] xs, clwsf// ;'/Iffsf kIfdf jsfnt ug]{ lgsfo g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3 zfvfsf] clwj]zgn]hlt rrf{ kfPsf] 5 . Tof]eGbf g]t[Tj s'g ljrf/df cf:yf /fVg]x?sf] xftdf kfg]{eGg] ljifon] a9L rrf{ kfPsf] 5 . lgikIf, ;To tYo / j:g[lgi7 kqsfl/tf kqsf/sf] wd{ xf] . ;du| kqsf/sf] xs clwsf/ / ;'/Iffsf] jsfnt ug'{ g} dxf;+3 zfvfs]Gb|sf] klxnf] st{Jo xf] . To;}n] kqsfl/tfdf /fhgLlts c:yf jf ljrf/nfO{ dxTjlbO{ k]zfut dof{bfnfO{ uf}0f agfOg] kl/kf6Ln] g} cGttM kqsf/x?nfO{ Dof;]Gh/sf] kbjL lbg yflnPsf] 5 . To;f] elg/x+bf kqsf/sf] /fhgLlts clwsf/ 5}g < eGg]k|Zg p7\5 g} . b]zsf ;a} gful/sn] /fhgLlt ub}{gg\ . dfq dt]bfgsf] clwsf/ k|of]uu5{g\ . cfkm\gf nf]slk|o g]tfnfO{ dtbfg u/L lg0f{o k|lqmofdf k'/\ofpF5g\ . hf]/fhgLlt u5{ p cfkm\gf] kf6L{sf] gLlt, lgod / ;Ldf leq afFlwPsf] x'G5 . cfkm\gf]kf6L{sf] nIo k|flKtsf nflu p ;b}j nflu k5{ . ca /fhgLlts ?kdf ;lqmoJolQmn] :jtGq kqsfl/tf cyjf lgikIf kqsfl/tf u5{ jf u5'{ eGg'n] cjZo klg;xL ;Gb]z k|jfx ub}{g . t;y{ cfkm\gf dtflwsf/sf] clwsf/nfO{ ;'lglZt ub}{

;Gbe{ M kqsf/ dxf;+3sf] 5}7f}+ lhNnf clwj]zgkqsfl/tf ug'{ rf+lx ljZj;gLo x'G5 . clxn] ljrf/sf] cfwf/df kqsf/x? d"Vo u/LtLg efudf ljeQm 5g\ . k|]; rf}tf/L g]skf Pdfn] lgs6, k|]; o'lgog g]kfnL sf+u|];lgs6 / qmflGtsf/L kqsf/ ;+3 Plss[t g]skf dfcf]jfbL lgs6 eO{ kqsf/x?dxf;+3 zfvf / s]Gb|sf] lgjf{rg k|lqmofdf ;xefuL x'Fb}5g\ . bf]nvfdf klg oLg} tLgj6f ;+u7gdf cfa4 eO{ kqsf/x?n] r'gfjL ofqf to u/L pDd]b\jf/L ;d]t 3f]if0fful/;s]sf 5g\ . g]t[Tj xft kfg{sf nflu ljleGg txdf ax; 5nkmn eO/x]sf 5g\. tL ax;x? bf]nvfsf] kqsfl/tfsf] ljsf;, :jtGq kqsfl/tf / ;d'Ggt ;dfhlgdf{0fdf eGbf klg ju{ ljz]ifsf] ljhodf s]lGb|t 5 . Kofgnsf] 3f]if0ff ug]{, kf6L{sf]XjLk hf/L x'g] . clg dxf;+3 zfvfsf] lgjf{rgnfO{ c3f]lift kf6L{sf] ljho dfGg];+:sf/n] bf]nvfsf] clwj]zg klg 6f9f /xG5 eGg ;Sg] cj:yf 5}g .

;fFRr} :jtGq kqsfl/tf / kqsf/sf] xs, clwsf/ / ;'/Iffsf nflu g]kfnkqsf/ dxf;+3 zfvfnfO{ :yflkt ug] { xf] eg] /fhgLlts nufjaf6 s]xL 6f9f /fVg}k5{ . /fhgLlts x:tIf]k, k|zf;lgs l9nf;'l:t, clgoldttf, e|i6frf/ lj/f]wL,;fdflhs ljs[lt tyf s'/LlthGo 36gfsf lj?4 snd rnfpFb} sfg'gL /fHosf]:yfkgfdf ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] kqsf/x? /fhgLlts cfj/0fdf kqsf/sf] kl/ro kqem'08\of/ dxf;+3sf] g]t[Tjsf] k|of; ug'{ g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3nfO{ klg s'g}/fhgLlts bnsf] eft[ ;+u7g agfpg] v]n x'g ;S5 . Kofg]nsf] 3f]if0ff ug'{ . uf]KodtbfgnfO{ hf]8 lbg' . /fqLsflng vfglkg kl5 aGb;qsf] cfof]hgf ug'{ . ;a}kqsfl/tf hutdf ck|hftflGqs sfo{z}nL xf] . To;}u/L u}/kqsf/sf] ;+Vofdf j[l4u/fO{ r'gfjL kl/0ffd cfkm\gf] kIfdf kfg]{ k|lt:kwf{n] klg kqsf/sf] klxrfg afFR5eGg ;Sg] cj:yf 5}g . ;dfhn] ;xh} :jLsf/ ug{ g;Sg] JolQmx? kqsf/sf]kl/ro kq af]Sg] ePsf 5g\ . dfoflk|ltsf syfJoyf n]Vg]x? kqsf/ ePsf 5g\.k]zf ljz]if jf ju{ ljz]ifsf] kIfkf]if0f ug] {x? kqsf/ ePsf 5g\ . clg leGg r'gf} lt,;d:of / Go"gtd d"Nodf sfd ug] { kqsf/x?n] slxn] Gofo kfpF5g\ . ;dfrf/n]v]sf] z'? ldlt, pd]/, ju{ tyf /fhgLlts ljrf/nfO{ cfwf/ agfP/ kqsf/dxf;+3sf] sfo{ ;ldltdf k|j]z u/fpg'eGbf kqsfl/tfk|ltsf] Tofu / OdfGbfl/tfnfO{ d"Nof+sgsf cfwf/ agfpg' pko'Qm x'G5 . g tna, g Hofnf dfq ;dfhsf/fd|f÷g/fd|f s'/fsf] ;xL ljZn]if0f u/L ;fj{hlgs ug]{ lhDd]jf/L kfPsf] dxf;+3sf]sfo{ ;ldltdf ;xefuL x'g ul/g] c:j:y k|lt:kwf{n] ;xL dfu{ lnG5 eGg];ls+b}g . Toltdfq xf]Og ;/sf/k|ltsf] /fhgLlts df]x / To;n] pTkGg u/]sf]jt{dfg ljifd kl/l:yltnfO{ r'gf}lt lbgsf nflu klg g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3 bf]nvfzfvfsf] cfufdL g]t[Tj cfk;L ;xdtL / ;j{;Ddt x'g ;s] /fi6«sf nflu ;d]tdxTjk"0f{ ;Gb]z aGg ;S5 . To;sf/0f ;a} kqsf/x? To;af6 ;hu eO{ ;fd'lxsp2]Zotkm{ k|] l/t eP cjZo klg /fHosf] rf+}yf] c+usf ?kdf :yflkt x'g]5g\ . g]kfnkqsf/ dxf;+3 bf]nvf zfvf To;tkm{ ;r]t /xf];\ z'esfdgf .

g]kfn ;/sf/n] @)!! nfO{ ko{6g jif{sf] ?kdf dgfpg] 3f]if0ff u/]klgbf]nvf ;'g;fg 5 . lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt nufot lhNnf k|zf;gdf cfPsf]nfvf}+ ah]6 ;d]t vr{ x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . k|rf/k|;f/ gx'Fbf :jb]zL tyf ljb]zLko{6ssf] ;+Vof a9] tfklg s'g} lgsfon] sfo{qmd to gu/]sf] sf/0f ko{6g jif{sf]af/]df cGof]ntf 5fPsf] 5 .

ko{6g jif{ ;'? ePsf] b'O{ dlxgf k'uL;Sbf klg bf]nvfdf s'g} lgsfosf]g of]hgf g} 5, g sfo{qmd . sfln~rf]s dxf]T;j u/]/ gyfs]sf bf]nvf ko{6gljsf; ;ldltsf cWoIf j}s'07fgf/fo0f k|wfg rl/sf]6 dxf]T;j ug]{ pb3f]if u/]klgsxfF 5g\ yfxf kQf 5}g . cGo ko{6g;Fu ;DalGwt lgsfosf] yfxfkQf 5}g < lhNnfljsf; ;ldlt nufot /fhgLlts bnx? klg df}g cj:yfdf b]lvG5g\ . kqsf/dxf;+3n] ug]{ cleofgdf l56f] eof] eGg] g]tfx? g} o; ljifodf df}g b]lvG5g\ .bf]nvf 3'Dg cfPsf ko{6sx? klg ahf/sf] xfnt b]v]/ bªu 5 . htftt} kmf]xf]/g} kmf]xf]/ . 5f/fw'nf]n] :jfut u/]sf] afx]s cGo s] kf] 5 / < o; tkm{ g ahf/Joj:yfkg ;ldltsf] g} Wofg uPsf] 5 . g gu/kflnsfsf] g} . hyfefjL 6f+ lufPsf6]lnkmf]g tf/ / ljB'tsf] tf/n] ahf/sf] cfsif{0f g} lauf/]sf] 5 .

g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3 bf]nvf lhNnf zfvfn ] bf]nvfsf] lh/Ldfkqsfl/tfsf] dfWodaf6 ko{6g jif{ @)!! nfO{ eJotfsf;fy ;kmn agfpgsfnflu sflQs !@ b]lv !$ ;Dd lh/Lsf] dxTjk"0f{ :yfgx?sf] e|d0f u/]sf] 5 .ko{6g jif{ @)!! xfdL ;a}sf] xf] / ko{6gdf ;Fu;Fu} eGg] gf/fsf ;fy dxf;+3n];f] sfo{qmdsf] cfof]hgf u/]sf] xf] . ;a} gful/ssf] ;dfg ;xeflutf / bfloTjrflxG5 s'g} JolQm jf ;+3;+:yfn] dfq ko{6g jif{nfO{ ;kmn agfpg ;lsb}g .t;y{ kqsf/ dxf;+3 bf]nvf lhNnf zfvfn] kqsf/ ld;g agfP/ cflbjf;Lhghfltx?sf] afx'Notf /x]sf] lh/L uflj;sf] 5gf}6 ul/Psf] xf] . lh/]n, z]kf{ /tfdfªsf] d"Vo a:tLsf] ?kdf lng ;lsG5 lh/LnfO{ . cGt/f{li6«o hutdf ;d]tkl/lrt lh/L uflj; hxfF wfld{s, ;f+:s[lts / k|fs[lts lx;fan] klg dxTjk"0f{ :yfgdfGg ;lsG5 . lh/Lsf] l;qmLdf kqsf/x?n] cjnf]sg u/]sf lyP .

bf]nvf pBf]u jfl0fHo ;+3 lh/L zfvf / g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3 bf]nvflhNnf zfvfsf] ;xsfo{df tLg lbg;Dd lh/Lsf] dxTjk"0f{ :yfgsf] cjnf]sgug'{sf] ;fy} kmf]6f] k':ts / 8s'd]G6«L tof/ ug'{ dxTjk"0f{ dfGg ;lsG5 . o;8s'd]G6«L / k':tsn] ko{6g af]8{ nufot lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt / ko{6g;Fu;DalGwt lgsfonfO{ dxTjk"0f{ ;fdu|L aGg ;Sg] g]kfn kqsf dxf;+3 bf]nvfsf]cWoIf /fh]Gb| dfgGw/sf] wf/0ff /x]sf] 5 . bf]nvf cflbjf;L hghfltx?sf]afx'Notf /x]sf] lhNnf xf] . lh/L uflj; lh/]n hfltsf] gfdaf6 g} gfds/0ful/Psf] dflgG5 . lh/L oftfoft, lzIff, :jf:Yo, ko{6g / k|fs[lts lx;fan];d]t ;DkGg uflj; xf] . lh/L uflj; %@ k|ltzt lh/]n hfltsf] afx'Notf ePsf]x'gfn] klg ljz]if uflj; dfGg ;lsG5 . lh/]n hfltsf] cfkm\g} efiff, wd{ /;+:s[lt ePsf] x'gfn] klg ko{6s nf]Eofpg ;lsG5 . lh/L uflj; j8f gDa/ #l;qmL lh/]n hfltsf] dfq a:tL /x]sf] 5 .

5f/f]w'nf]n] :jfut u/]sf] afx]s cGo s] kf] 5 / < o;tkm{ g ahf/ Joj:yfkg ;ldltsf] g} Wofg uPsf] 5 . ggu/kflnsfsf] g} .

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