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CHAPTER 3
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MOVEMENT OF
SUBSTANCES ACROSSTHE PLASMA MEMBRANE
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The Permeability of PlasmaMembrane
Impermeable OR Semi-permeable
Prevent the
passage ofall molecule.
Some substances
can move acrossplasma membranefreely while
others cannot.
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Why plasma membrane isselectively permeable???
Some substances can move acrossplasma membrane freely while otherscannot.
Hydrophobic tail preventpolarmolecules and large water-solublemolecules from passing them.
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Eg. lipid-soluble molecules (fatty acids andglycerol) and non-polar molecules (O
2and
CO2) can pass through the plasma membrane
freely. Water also can across the plasma
membrane freely because its molecule is
small enough. Large water-soluble molecules (glucose andamino acids cannot move throughhydrophobic region unless aided by carrier
proteins. Small water-soluble molecules and ions isaided by pore protein
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In your group, discuss about passivetransport in term of
i. Simple diffusion group 1ii.Facilitated diffusion group 3
iii.Osmosis group 2
Activity
Group discussion
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Simple diffusion
Net movement of molecules orions from a region of higherconcentration to a region of
lower concentration, thus goingdown a concentration gradientuntil an equilibrium is achieved.
Does not need energy
Molecules oxygen, carbondioxide and lipid soluble molecules
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Facilitated diffusion
Net movement of moleculesfrom a region of higherconcentration to a lower
concentration down theconcentration gradient withthe help of protein molecules.
Does not require energy
Water soluble molecules ions,nucleic acid, amino acid andglucose.
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Facilitated diffusion
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Osmosis
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Factor affecting the rate ofdiffusion
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Activity
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Question 2
Model for the structure of plasma membraneis introduced in 1972. This model is known
as
A. Danielli Davson ModelB. Sandwich Mosaic Model
C. Fluid Mosaic Model
D. Rigid Mosaic Model
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Question 3
Fluid mosaic model was introduced by_____
A. S. Singer and G. Nicolson
B. Danielli and Davson
C. Gregor Mendel
D. Francis Crick
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Question 5
Plasma membrane is described as havingmosaic pattern because__________A. Protein is rigid and cannot move
throughout the plasma membraneB. Protein is floating about in the plasma
membraneC. Cholesterol help to make the plasma
membrane become flexibleD. Cholesterol help to stabilise the plasma
membrane
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Question 6Absence of cholesterol will cause the
plasma membrane toI. Too fluid at hot temperatureII. Freeze at low temperatureIII.More permeable to water soluble substances
IV. Less permeable to water soluble substancesE. I and IIF. I,II and IIIG. I, II and IV
H. I and IV
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Question 7
The property of non-polar tail of
phospholipids is _______.
A. HydrophilicB. Hydrophobic
C. Nucleophilic
D. Nucleophobic
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Question 8
Plant cells required these substances
EXCEPT
A. Carbon dioxideB. Oxygen
C. Water
D. Mineral ions
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Question 9
Carrier protein helps to transport these
molecule EXCEPT
A. GlucoseB. Amino acid
C. Sodium ion
D. Vitamin
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Question 5
The function of cholesterol is/are _______I. Stabilise the plasma membraneII. Strengthen the plasma membrane
III.Make plasma membrane more flexibleIV. Link the fatty acid togetherE. I,II and III
F. I,II and IVG. II,III and IVH. I,II,III and IV
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Name the types of passive
transport below
a
b
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Question 1
During simple diffusion, substancesmove right through the
A. Protein carrier
B. Protein channel
C. Phospholipids bilayer
D. Semi permeable membrane
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Question 2
The polar parts of phospholipids aresaid to be
A. Phosphate
B. Hydrophilic
C. Hydrophobic
D. hydrocarbonic
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3. Which of the following terms bestdescribed by the following properties:
Transport without using energy
Follow concentration gradient
Uses protein carierA. Diffusion
B. Facilitated diffusion
C. OsmosisD. Active transport
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4. Osmosis may be described as the netmovement across a semi permeablemembrane of
A. Solute molecules from a weak solutionto a strong solution
B. Solute molecules from a strong solution
to a weak solutionC. Water molecules from a weak solution to
a strong solution
D. Water molecules from a strong solutionto a weak solution
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Forms a pore that is filled withwater.
Allow charged molecules to diffuseacross the membrane
5. The above description is aboutA. Sodium pumpB. Carrier protein
C. Channel proteinD. Hydrophilic head
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assessment
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