KEY Chapter 4 Review: Photosynthesis, Glycolysis, Respiration, & Fermentation 1. What is ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate) and what happens when it loses a phosphate? ATP is chemical energy, used for cellular functions. When an ATP loses a phosphate, energy is released (as heat) and the molecule becomes ADP. 2. Define photosynthesis: Process that captures solar energy to make sugars. 3. Organisms that get their energy from nonliving sources, like the sun, are called: Autotrophs/Producers 4. Why is the process of photosynthesis important for YOU? Photosynthesis provides us with oxygen (for respiration) and sugars (that have energy stored in bonds). 5. Where do the light‐dependent reactions take place? In the thylakoids of chloroplasts. 6. What two things are needed for light‐dependent reactions to occur? a. Sunlight b. 6H 2 O (Water) 7. What is the product(s) of light‐dependent reactions? 6O 2 (Oxygen) and some ATP. 8. Where do the light‐independent reactions take place? In the stroma of the chloroplasts. 9. What is needed for light‐independent reactions to occur? a. Energy (ATP) from the light dependent reactions b. CO 2 (carbon dioxide) 10. What is the product(s) of light‐independent reactions? C 6 H 12 O 6 (glucose/sugar) 11. Define chemosynthesis: Process that allows some organisms to use chemical energy instead of light energy to make carbon based molecules like carbohydrates. 12. Glycolysis breaks down C 6 H 12 O 6 (glucose) into two pyruvate. 13. What is the other product of glycolysis? 2 ATP Circle the correct answer: 14. Circle Answer: Are the processes that take place in the mitochondria aerobic or anaerobic 15. What must take place before the Kreb’s cycle? Glycolysis a. Is this an aerobic or anaerobic process? Anaerobic b. Where does this process take place? In the cytoplasm of the cell. 16. What is the reactant(s) of the Kreb’s Cycle? Glucose/2 pyruvate a. Product(s)? 6 CO 2 and 2 ATP 17. What is the reactant(s) in the electron transport chain? 6O 2 and ATP from the Kreb’s Cycle. a. Product(s)? 6H 2 O and 32 ATP 18. In which stage of cellular respiration is the most energy (ATP) created? The Electron Transport Chain 19. How many ATP are made in cellular respiration from one molecule of glucose? 36 ATP 20. What is Fermentation? a. Why is it important? Fermentation is a process that allows glycolysis to continue, This is important to maintain homeostasis and to make sure our cells have energy. 21. What is the reactant(s) of lactic acid fermentation? 2 Pyruvate a. Product(s)? Lactic Acid 22. What has happened to a long distance runner who “hits the wall” or “bonks”? The runner has run out of carbohydrates (for energy). They are also lacking oxygen, which means that fermentation would usually take place. 23. What are the reactants of alcoholic fermentation? 2 Pyruvate a. What are the product(s)? 2 Alcohol and 2 CO 2 (Carbon Dioxide) 24. Why is alcoholic fermentation important to the food industry? Without fermentation bread would not rise, there would be no cheese to add to your quesadillas (or anything for that matter), and you would not be able to have yogurt as a snack during nutrition. Basically, none of the foods that are produced by fermentation would exist.

KEY Photosynthesis, Glycolysis, Respiration, … Chapter 4 Review: Photosynthesis, Glycolysis, Respiration, & Fermentation 1. What is ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate) and what happens

Download PDF Report

Upload
buidiep
View
213
Download
0

Embed Size (px)

Citation preview

Page 1: KEY Photosynthesis, Glycolysis, Respiration, … Chapter 4 Review: Photosynthesis, Glycolysis, Respiration, & Fermentation 1. What is ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate) and what happens

KEY Chapter 4 Review: Photosynthesis, Glycolysis, Respiration, & Fermentation

1. What is ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate) and what happens when it loses a phosphate? ATP is chemical energy, used for cellular functions. When an ATP loses a phosphate, energy is released (as heat) and the molecule becomes ADP.

2. Define photosynthesis: Process that captures solar energy to make sugars. 3. Organisms that get their energy from nonliving sources, like the sun, are called: Autotrophs/Producers 4. Why is the process of photosynthesis important for YOU?

Photosynthesis provides us with oxygen (for respiration) and sugars (that have energy stored in bonds). 5. Where do the light‐dependent reactions take place? In the thylakoids of chloroplasts. 6. What two things are needed for light‐dependent reactions to occur?

a. Sunlight b. 6 H2O (Water)

7. What is the product(s) of light‐dependent reactions? 6 O2 (Oxygen) and some ATP. 8. Where do the light‐independent reactions take place? In the stroma of the chloroplasts. 9. What is needed for light‐independent reactions to occur?

a. Energy (ATP) from the light dependent reactions b. CO2 (carbon dioxide)

10. What is the product(s) of light‐independent reactions? C6H12O6 (glucose/sugar) 11. Define chemosynthesis: Process that allows some organisms to use chemical energy instead of light energy to

make carbon based molecules like carbohydrates. 12. Glycolysis breaks down C6H12O6 (glucose) into two pyruvate. 13. What is the other product of glycolysis? 2 ATP Circle the correct answer: 14. Circle Answer: Are the processes that take place in the mitochondria aerobic or anaerobic 15. What must take place before the Kreb’s cycle? Glycolysis

a. Is this an aerobic or anaerobic process? Anaerobic b. Where does this process take place? In the cytoplasm of the cell.

16. What is the reactant(s) of the Kreb’s Cycle? Glucose/2 pyruvate a. Product(s)? 6 CO2 and 2 ATP

17. What is the reactant(s) in the electron transport chain? 6 O2 and ATP from the Kreb’s Cycle. a. Product(s)? 6 H2O and 32 ATP

18. In which stage of cellular respiration is the most energy (ATP) created? The Electron Transport Chain 19. How many ATP are made in cellular respiration from one molecule of glucose? 36 ATP 20. What is Fermentation?

a. Why is it important? Fermentation is a process that allows glycolysis to continue, This is important to maintain homeostasis and to make sure our cells have energy.

21. What is the reactant(s) of lactic acid fermentation? 2 Pyruvate a. Product(s)? Lactic Acid

22. What has happened to a long distance runner who “hits the wall” or “bonks”? The runner has run out of carbohydrates (for energy). They are also lacking oxygen, which means that fermentation would usually take place.

23. What are the reactants of alcoholic fermentation? 2 Pyruvate a. What are the product(s)? 2 Alcohol and 2 CO2 (Carbon Dioxide)

24. Why is alcoholic fermentation important to the food industry? Without fermentation bread would not rise, there would be no cheese to add to your quesadillas (or anything for that matter), and you would not be able to have yogurt as a snack during nutrition. Basically, none of the foods that are produced by fermentation would exist.