Kick OffNovember 4, 2013Complete your Absolute Monarchs graphic organizer

This will be checked on Wednesday

CHAPTER 19.1

The Scientific Revolution and the Enlightenment

The Scientific Revolution

Dawn of Modern Science New challenges to traditional

authorities Geocentric Theory: earth was

center of universe Proposed by Aristotle, upheld by

church

New theories about natural world and new procedures to test those ideas called Scientific Revolution Age of Exploration led people to

study natural world more closely Scientific Method: New

approach to discovery Developed by Francis Bacon,

Rene Descartes

Discoveries in Astronomy, Physics, Math, Biology and Chemistry

1. Copernicus2. Brahe and

Kepler3. Galileo4. Newton5. Vesalius and

Harvey6. Van

Leeuwenhoek7. Hooke8. Boyle9. Lavoisier

Read about your scientist Check the solution station Meet the other scientists and discuss your

resume “Hi! My name is Nicolaus Copernicus. I’m from

Poland. Where are you from? I like to study astronomy – that’s the study of planets and stars. I think that the church is wrong – the sun is actually the center of the solar system....”

Take notes as you talk with each scientist.

New Discoveries Nicholas Copernicus develops

heliocentric theory Idea that the planets revolve

around the sun Contradicted teachings of the

church Johannes Kepler expanded on

work of Tycho Brahe and solved many mathematical issues faced by Copernicus concerning planets and orbits

Galileo built first telescope, supported Copernicus

Isaac Newton published Principia detailing his universal theory of gravity, developed calculus

Biology and Chemistry Andreas Vasalius:

produced accurate drawings of the human anatomy

Antony Van Leeuwenhoek: invented the microscope

Robert Boyle: father of modern chemistry, first to define an element

Elizabeth: Golden Age

Kick OffNovember 5, 2013 In your opinion, what is the purpose of the government?

How could we improve the government?

Science and Society New advances challenged

the Catholic Church Many scientists were

Christian, did not want to question the church

Inquisition put Galileo on trial, placed him under house arrest

Laid the foundation for future discoveries in science and philosophy, people questioning the natural world

Section 1 Quiz

Complete the Section 1 “Quiz” by matching the appropriate term to the description.

You may use your notes

When you’re finished- turn it in. Then, you can finish your absolute monarchs graphic organizer, or work on the vocabulary words for this unit.

The Enlightenment

The Age of Reason Scientific Revolution led to

idea of reason Notion that reason could

be used to solve human problems became known as Enlightenment

Reached its peak in 1700s in Paris Wealthy Parisians hosted

gatherings called salons where people discussed philosophy, art, science, etc.

Key Enlightenment Ideas The ability to reason is what makes

humans unique Reason can be used to solve problems

and improve people’s lives Reason can free people from

ignorance, superstition, and unfair government

The natural world is governed by laws that can be discovered through reason

Human behavior is governed by natural laws

Governments should reflect natural laws and encourage education and debate

Key Enlightenment Ideas

With your partner, read about each of the key figures of the Enlightenment.

Answer the questions about them in your notebook.

You will have 7 minutes per station

NSA

Historical Heads

Select one key figure of the Enlightenment

Draw their head and fill it with their ideas At least 10 symbols/phrases

Kick OffNovember 6, 2013 Both Thomas Hobbes and John Locke

believed in a social contract. Create a Venn Diagram (double bubble) comparing and contrasting their ideas.

Enlightenment Ideas Spread Enlightenment ideas spread

quickly across Europe Some monarchs ruled

according to enlightenment ideas Called enlightened despots Frederick the Great

established elementary education in Prussia

Catherine II of Russia created a constitution and code of laws

Joseph II of Austria eliminated torture and the death penalty, established religious toleration, and abolished serfdom

CHAPTER 19.2The American Revolution

Change and Crisis By mid-1700s, Enlightenment

ideas spread to America Land was plentiful and cheap =

opportunity Trouble began when Britain began

to tax colonies without their consent Stamp Act: tax on official documents

to pay for French and Indian War Boycott of English goods forced its

repeal New series of taxes had same effect,

citizens began to harass British troops Boston Massacre, Boston Tea Party

Citizens called First Continental Congress in 1774 to list their grievances (complaints) about the British

The Revolution Begins

The Sons of Liberty expected a war, hid weapons in countryside and towns west of Boston

1775: British troops march to Lexington and Concord to find weapons April 19th: British troops confront

American militia, shots fired, Revolution begins

Not all colonists wanted independence

Thomas Paine’s Common Sense argued for independence, widely read Created popular support for the

Revolution

Struggle For Independence

First war in which governments were challenged based on Enlightenment principals

Declaration of Independence written at Second Continental Congress on July 4th, 1776 Written by Thomas Jefferson Expression of Enlightenment

political philosophy Drew ideas from English Bill of

Rights George Washington named

commander of Continental Army

The Revolutionary War

Began poorly for British, forced to abandon Boston

Continental army later driven into New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and upstate New York

Benjamin Franklin traveled to Paris to seek help from French

French eventually joined the Americans, were a decisive factor in the final victory at Yorktown, Virginia

British government signed Treaty of Paris in September 1783, formally recognizing American independence

Forming a New Government First government based on

Articles of Confederation Federal government too weak,

could not tax or negotiate w/ foreign nations

Constitution adopted in 1787 Created a federal system in

which some powers were held by the federal government, others by states

Bill of Rights added to protect individual freedoms

News of successful revolution in America had a huge impact overseas (France)