LAUNCH: Day 1Strand: Shape and Space- Measurement

Identify the outcomes to be learned

Space and Shape

SSK.1 Use direct comparison to compare two objects based on a single attribute, such as • length including height • mass • volume • capacity.

a) Compare the length or height of two objects and explain how they compare using the words shorter, longer, taller, or almost the same.b) Compare the mass of two objects and explain how they compare using the words lighter, heavier, or almost the same.c) Compare the volume of two objects or capacity of two containers and explain how they compare using the words less, more, bigger, smaller, or almost the same.

SS1.1 Demonstrate an understanding of measurement as a process of comparing by: identifying attributes that can be compared ordering objects making statements of comparison filling, covering, or matching

Big Ideas of Measurement:Measurement requires children to compare objects that share the same attribute, such as length, area, capacity or mass. Young children need repeated activities and experiences estimating and comparing to build special referents (pictures in their mind).Estimation helps children become more familiar with the attribute being compared.The language of measurement and comparison should be developed and practiced so terms can be used accurately. Terms include about the same as, longer/shorter than/ heavier/lighter than, more/less than and compare.

Essential Questions: Why is measurement important in our world?How can we compare objects?

Determine how the learning will be observed

What will the children do to know that the learning has occurred?What should children do to demonstrate the understanding of the mathematical concepts, skills, and big ideas?What assessment tools will be the most suitable to provide evidence of student understanding?How can I document the children’s learning?The focus will be on the comparative language so we will need to observe, record sound, video, and interview.The measurement unit will begin with comparing container’s capacity by filling and pouring. They will make statements of comparison and explain their reasoning.

Name Determines which container holds more/ less/same

Explains reasoning

Uses comparative language(more, less, most, least, same)

Comments

Problem Solving: A good problem solver can organize the information at hand, make reasonable estimations, check his or her estimate, draw conclusions and make predictions about future situations.The more varied the experiences, the more flexible the problem solver.

Counting: It’s important for children to experience a variety of counting patterns. They should count forward and backward by different groupings (e.g., two’s, five’s, ten’s). Children have many opportunities to incorporate counting as they engage in measurement experiences.

Conservation: A child has the ability to conserve when he or she understands that a material stays the same even though it might be:Rearranged — i.e., the number of objects in a line remains the same when they are spread out or pushed together. The amount of liquid remains the same when poured in different shaped containers.Divided — i.e., the area of a square divided diagonally into two triangles remains constant.Transformed — i.e., the amount of clay is the same when it is rolled into different shapes.

Plan the learning environment and instruction

What learning opportunities and experiences should I provide to promote the learning outcomes?What will the learning environment look like?What strategies do children use to access prior knowledge and continually communicate and represent understanding?What teaching strategies and resources will I use?

Materials Needed: A variety of non standard measurement of the same size

and shape to compare lengths Clay or playdough Variety of containers, cups natural items such as sand,

rice or bean table

Various items to compare mass, balance scales, home-made scales, bags, nets

Various flat objects to coverChoose an appropriate place for a measurement area. Some teachers set up several stations around the room (e.g., a sand table, rice tub, water tray, scales…). Other teachers have one station (or area in the room) where all the measuring materials are stored. Another idea is to prepare a set of measuring materials (non-breakable only) that can be used outside in a sand box, water station, or maybe in the snow during the recess break.Experiment with the measurement materials. Make sure there are some measurement materials capable of providing specific conceptual experiences you want the class to discover within the context of the activities. For instance, you may want to have different shaped containers which can hold equal amounts of material; some scoops which hold twice as much (or half as much) as other scoops; or a tall, skinny container which can hold as much as a short, fat container, etc.

Before:Gather the students together at the carpet. Hold up two containers and ask the students how we could compare these objects?Have the children make statements about the objects.Explain to the students that many of the words we used to compare end in “–er” (other comparison words: lighter, heavier, shorter, taller, wider, thinner, fuller).Today we are going to compare by filling.

1. Comparing CylindersMaterials: Two pieces of tagboard or clear acetate (12" by 18"); material to measure, catch basin (e.g., a large box lid), tape Use two sheets of tagboard or acetate the same size. Tape one piece into a short, fat cylinder and one into a tall, skinny cylinder. Place the tall, skinny cylinder inside the short, fat cylinder. Fill the tall, skinny cylinder with material.Ask the group to predict how high the material in the tall, skinny cylinder will be when it is poured into the short, fat cylinder. Which holds more, which holds less? Check the predictions by lifting the tall cylinder and letting the material pour into the short, fat cylinder. Discuss the results. Would the results be the same for a different kind of material?Students will be put into centres to explore capacity.

During:

Comparing Two ContainersRecording sheet: MTW Blackline #23Choose two containers and a material to measure. Fill one container with the material. Be sure to level off the material. Ask the children to predict whether the second container can hold more, less or the same amount of material. Check the containers by carefully pouring the material from the first container to the empty container, using a funnel.

Calibrated JarRecording sheet: NL Blackline #13Choose a container and fill it with the chosen material to be measured.Ask the children to predict how high the material will reach when a full container of material is poured into the calibrated jar. Check by pouring the full container into the calibrated jar. Repeat the process with a different container and compare the results.

Ordering ContainersChoose several containers. Ask the children to help you place the empty containers in order from the container that holds the least to the container that holds the most. Take what appears to be the smallest container and fill it with the material. Using a funnel, carefully pour the contents of the smallest container into the next container in the line. If the material from the first container fits into the next container, it is in the correct order; but if the material from the first container overflows when it’s poured into the next container, the containers are out of order. If the containers are out of sequence, rearrange them into a new sequence and check again. Repeat this process down the line until the containers are in the correct order. Have students draw a picture of their predictions and correctly ordered containers.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------These centres will be for the next day.

After:Bring students together to share their predictions and discoveries.How did you find out which container holds more? Less?Were you surprised with anything? Why?Confirm that students understand that containers can hold different amounts. They can compare two containers by filling one to the top and then transferring the material to the other container. If the materials don’t fit, then the first one holds more. If the material from the first one doesn’t fill the second, then it holds less.

When is it easy to tell which container holds more?When is it important to know which container holds more?

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These centres will be for the next day.

Day 2- Introduce a new station of “CONSERVATION”Evaluate students one on one during this time using the evaluation provided in day 1.

BeforeReview vocabulary from yesterday. Use the photos’ from yesterday to spring conversations about the concept of holds, holds less, holds the same as. Students will be evaluated one/one at a performance station.

Vocabulary:

Holds the Same

Too much; the cup holds less than the pan

The cup holds less than the pan because there is still space.

I pour to fill.

How much does the bowl hold?

Container A holds more than B, because it is flowing over the top.

I can record my work.

Introduce the station of comparing scoops: Demonstrate how to make a prediction and how to wrap the rubber band around the container.

COMPARING SCOOPS

Concepts: Conservation; comparison language; making predictions; counting; one-to-one correspondence; counting-onMaterials: scoops, containers, rubber bands, various measuring materialsHow High…?Determine how many scoops of material to put in the container. Ask the children to predict how high the material will reach when the predicted scoopfuls are placed in the jar. Wrap a rubber band around the predicted spot on the container. Check by counting the predetermined number of scoopfuls of material into the container. I predict that 12 scoops will fill the container this much (mark using an elastic band). Have partner count as you fill or pour 12 scoops into the container. Was 12 too much? Not enough or just right?

You may have to scoop out (counting back from 12) if it was too much. You may have to count on from 12( adding more scoops ) if it was not enough.

It maybe just right too!!

Record the actual number of scoops under CHECK.

Concepts: Conservation; comparison language; making predictions; one-to-one correspondence; counting; counting-on; recordingMaterials: 2 containers, 1 scoop, assorted measuring materials, a funnel, small chalkboards, chalk and eraser, xylophoneBasic procedure for the tally activities:One child fills a scoop with a material to be measured. Another child strikes a xylophone each time a scoopful is poured into the container.The xylophone player slides the mallet up the scales to indicate when to draw a slash across the tally marks on the chalkboards. The rest of the group records tally marks on individual chalkboards as the scoopfuls of material are being added. When the jar is full, the recorders circle the groups of ten tally marks. Then, starting with the groups of ten, the tally marks are counted.Later the children can continue to work at the tally activities in pairs. It is not necessary that they continue to use the xylophone at this stage.One child scoops, while the other child records the tally marks.

Assess student learning and follow upWhat conclusions can be made from assessment information?How effective have instructional strategies been?What are the next steps for instruction?How will the gaps in the development of understanding be addressed?How will the children extend their learning?

* These are questions that you can answer and we can discuss together after the lesson.

Where do we go from here?

Depending on evaluation during the performance stations, it may be time to move on to mass and making statements to compare weight.

Performance station Questions:Record comments on the assessment sheet from lesson 1/ Day 1

1. Have student choose two containers. Ask: “which container do you think holds more? Why do you think that? What could you do to find out?Have student prove their statement by pouring either from the least or greatest container. Let’s say they fill the greater container want to pour into the container that they think holds the least. Ask: what will happen”

Make notes on their comments and how they use math language. Are they using words such as holds more than or less than, pour, spill over because it’s too full, some space left, half full, full at the top, etc.

2. Now show the student two containers that you know holds the same amount. Ask: “compare these two containers using math language”

If the student says that the two containers hold the same amount ask them how they could find out and what will happen when they pour one into the other. Listen for they both will come to the top, or something similar.

3. Ask the student to choose three containers and to put them in order. Ask them what their order is. How can they prove? If they ordered incorrect (that is ok as long as they can see on their own why and rearrange into the proper order.

4. Record any other comments you may have about their ability to make statement s of comparison by filling.

Strand: Shape and Space- Measurement of Mass

Identify the outcomes to be learnedSSK.1 Use direct comparison to compare two objects based on a single attribute, such as • length including height • mass • volume • capacity. a) Compare the length or height of two objects and explain how they compare using the words shorter, longer, taller, or almost the same. b) Compare the mass of two objects and explain how they compare using the words lighter, heavier, or almost the same. c) Compare the volume of two objects or capacity of two containers and explain how they compare using the words less, more, bigger, smaller, or almost the same.SS1.1 Demonstrate an understanding of measurement as a process of comparing by: identifying attributes that can be compared ordering objects making statements of comparison filling, covering, or matching

SS2.2 Demonstrate understanding of non-standard units for measurement of mass by:• describing the choice and appropriate use of non-standard units• estimating• measuring• comparing and analyzing measurements.

Determine how the learning will be observed

What will the children do to know that the learning has occurred?What should children do to demonstrate the understanding of the mathematical concepts, skills, and big ideas?What assessment tools will be the most suitable to provide evidence of student understanding?How can I document the children’s learning?The focus will be on the comparative language so I will need to observe, record sound, video, and interview.

They will make statements of comparison and explain their reasoning.

Name Uses comparative language(heavier, lighter, heaviest, lightest)

Uses a balance scale or other tool to compare

Explains that objects withthe same mass are balanced

Comments:

Plan the learning environment and instructionWhat learning opportunities and experiences should I provide to promote the learning outcomes?What will the learning environment look like?What strategies do children use to access prior knowledge and continually communicate and represent understanding?What teaching strategies and resources will I use?

When we measure, we compare things. When we compare which object is heavier, we are talking about mass.

Before:Have a tub of water and use a tin pan as a boat.Place a heavy rock in the boat so that it sinks.

Facilitation Questions • Why did the boat sink?Answers may vary.

Now place a small animal toy in the boat.• Could the mouse sink the boat all by itself? Why or why not?Answers may vary.

• What would have happened if only 1 type of animal climbed on the boat?Answers may vary.

• How many _________ do you think it would take to sink the boat? Why?Record the answers so the students can see that it should take more mice than pigs to sink the boat.

Facilitation Questions • What would happen to the boat if a heavy animal sat on one end of the boat?The boat would be lower on that end.• What would happen if a mouse were on one end of the boat and an elephant were on the other end of the boat? Why?

The end of the boat with the elephant would sink lower because an elephant is heavier than a mouse.

• What happened when we put the boat in the water?It floated.• What happened when we put 2 different objects on opposite ends of the boat?One side of the boat sank lower than the other side of the boat.• Which side of the boat sank the end that had a heavy object on it or the end that had a light object on it? Why?The end with the heavy object sank lower because it weighs more.

• What happened when objects with the same weight were placed on opposite ends of the boat?Possible answer: The ends of the boat sank the same amount. The boat stayed level. It stayed balanced.

EXPLOREStation 1:The Explore phase of the lesson provides the student with an opportunity to be actively involved in the exploration of the mathematical concepts addressed. This part of the lesson is designed for small group instruction.1. Show the students 4 small objects. (Examples: eraser, pencil, ruler, marker, crayon,etc.)

2. Choose 2 of the objects. Ask the students, “Without touching the objects, which object do you predict is heavier? Why?”

3. Record the predictions on a chart as shown below.

Prediction Tally Results

Object 1 ____ Object 2_____

Hand Measurements Comparison Check

Object 1______ Object 2______

4. Repeat the process of predicting which object is heaviest until each of the 4 objects have been compared with each other.

5. Model comparing the objects by holding 1 object in each of your hands.

6. Ask the students to compare the objects by holding one object in each hand in orderto estimate which one is the heavier object.

7. Record the students’ findings under the “Hand” Measurements part of the chart.Use tally marks to record predictions.

After predictions of hand measurements have been made, have the students place the objects in order from heaviest to lightest.

9. Record the sequence of objects for use during the explain phase of this lesson. Questions

• Which object do you predict is heavier? Why?Answers may vary depending on objects.• Are the bigger objects always the heaviest objects? Why?No, sometimes smaller objects can weigh more than larger objects.• Are the longer objects always the heavier objects?No. The ___ was shorter than the ___, but it seemed heavier.• Can the smaller objects be the heavier objects? Why?No. The ___ was smaller and lighter than the ___.• Can the shorter objects be the heavier objects? Why?Yes. The ___ is heavier than the ___.• Would your predictions and the results have changed if I had asked you to determine which object was lighter?Answers may vary.• Looking back over the chart, are there any predictions you would change? Why or why not?Answers may vary.• Are you certain that ___ is heavier than ____? Why?Answers may vary.• Is there a better way to find out if something is heavier or lighter than the other?Answers may vary. Some students may mention a scale or a balance.

Station 2:Water ExplorationStation 3: Pan scalesStation 4: Box Scales

Assess student learning and follow upWhat conclusions can be made from assessment information?How effective have instructional strategies been?What are the next steps for instruction?How will the gaps in the development of understanding be addressed?How will the children extend their learning?

Performance Assessment Item

Describe how the mass of the soccer ball compares to the mass of the tennis ball? Explain your thinking.*Use a flip video or Voki to record.