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Kingdom Fungi - WordPress.com · 2019-05-04 · Kingdom Fungi (Eukaryotes) Unicellular or multicellular Bread/fruit molds Major decomposers Sessile (stationary) Chitin are found in

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Page 1: Kingdom Fungi - WordPress.com · 2019-05-04 · Kingdom Fungi (Eukaryotes) Unicellular or multicellular Bread/fruit molds Major decomposers Sessile (stationary) Chitin are found in
Page 2: Kingdom Fungi - WordPress.com · 2019-05-04 · Kingdom Fungi (Eukaryotes) Unicellular or multicellular Bread/fruit molds Major decomposers Sessile (stationary) Chitin are found in

Chytridiomycota Zygomycota

Glomeromycota Ascomycota Basidiomycota

Kingdom Fungi (Eukaryotes)

Unicellular or multicellular Bread/fruit molds 

­ Major decomposers 

­ Sessile (stationary) 

­ Chitin are found in cell walls 

All form symbiotic relationships with plant roots 

Example: yeast 

Some cause plant diseases Most are decomposers

Page 3: Kingdom Fungi - WordPress.com · 2019-05-04 · Kingdom Fungi (Eukaryotes) Unicellular or multicellular Bread/fruit molds Major decomposers Sessile (stationary) Chitin are found in

(Network of hyphae)

Branching filaments of fungi 

Haploid reproductive unit that gives rise to a gametophyte

(Anchor structure)

Where spores are formed

Page 4: Kingdom Fungi - WordPress.com · 2019-05-04 · Kingdom Fungi (Eukaryotes) Unicellular or multicellular Bread/fruit molds Major decomposers Sessile (stationary) Chitin are found in

Dikaryotic: Cells that have two nuclei 

Page 5: Kingdom Fungi - WordPress.com · 2019-05-04 · Kingdom Fungi (Eukaryotes) Unicellular or multicellular Bread/fruit molds Major decomposers Sessile (stationary) Chitin are found in

Symbiotic relationship = Mycorrhiza ­ fungus interacts with plant roots/tips

­ both help each other survive

    Inside Cells

­ form arbuscules

    Outside Cells

­ create a network between plant cells 

­ Hartig Net 

Page 6: Kingdom Fungi - WordPress.com · 2019-05-04 · Kingdom Fungi (Eukaryotes) Unicellular or multicellular Bread/fruit molds Major decomposers Sessile (stationary) Chitin are found in

Why are Fungi Important? 

­ Major decomposers that have integral role in nutrient cycling 

­ Symbiotic relationship (Mycorrhiza) 

Many plants rely on fungi 

­ Play roles in food production 

Bread, Cheese, Beer/Wine

Page 7: Kingdom Fungi - WordPress.com · 2019-05-04 · Kingdom Fungi (Eukaryotes) Unicellular or multicellular Bread/fruit molds Major decomposers Sessile (stationary) Chitin are found in

Kingdom Plantae (Plants) 

Waxy cuticle ­ prevents water loss  Stomata­ gas exchange (intake of carbon dioxide and release of oxygen)  

Alternation of generations ­ haploid and diploid stages   Vascular Tissue ­ transport water, nutrients, hormones, minerals 

Page 8: Kingdom Fungi - WordPress.com · 2019-05-04 · Kingdom Fungi (Eukaryotes) Unicellular or multicellular Bread/fruit molds Major decomposers Sessile (stationary) Chitin are found in

Bryophytes: The Mosses

­ The simplest land plant

­ Cuticle and stomata are present

­ Do NOT have:

      1. Vascular tissue 

      2. True leaves 

      3. Roots 

      4. Seeds

­ Require wet conditions (Important for reproductive cycles)  

Page 9: Kingdom Fungi - WordPress.com · 2019-05-04 · Kingdom Fungi (Eukaryotes) Unicellular or multicellular Bread/fruit molds Major decomposers Sessile (stationary) Chitin are found in

Lycophytes and Pterophytes: The Ferns

­ Vascular tissue is present (Xylem & Phloem) 

­ Lignin = rigid cell walls (woody tissue) 

­ Simple root and stem systems 

   a) Stems are usually in the form of rhizomes

   b) Leaves = fronds horizontal underground stem system

Many of these plants have symbiotic mycorrhizal relationships with fungi 

Page 10: Kingdom Fungi - WordPress.com · 2019-05-04 · Kingdom Fungi (Eukaryotes) Unicellular or multicellular Bread/fruit molds Major decomposers Sessile (stationary) Chitin are found in

Gymnosperms: The Conifers

­ Reproductive structures = cones 

  a) Male cone produces pollen 

  b) Female cone produces eggs 

­  Needle­like leaves and thick cuticles 

­ Root systems interact with mycorrhizal fungi

­ Supports many large ecosystems (home for many species) 

contain haploid male gametophyte 

reproduction leads to seeds

Reduce water loss  ­ live in areas with hot/dry summers and cold winters 

Page 11: Kingdom Fungi - WordPress.com · 2019-05-04 · Kingdom Fungi (Eukaryotes) Unicellular or multicellular Bread/fruit molds Major decomposers Sessile (stationary) Chitin are found in

Angiosperms: The Flowering Plants

­ Most dominant plant species in the world 

­ Reproductive structures = flowers

  a) male and female structures on same flower 

  b) after fertilization ­ forms a fruit 

­ Pollination occurs through: 

 a) wind 

 b) other animals 

­ Dispersal methods: 

  a) wind 

  b) water 

  c) other organisms 

Monocots & Dicots

Forms of Attraction: Big flowers

Colorful

Fragrant

Produce nectar (reward) 

Page 12: Kingdom Fungi - WordPress.com · 2019-05-04 · Kingdom Fungi (Eukaryotes) Unicellular or multicellular Bread/fruit molds Major decomposers Sessile (stationary) Chitin are found in

Why are Plants Important? 

­ Provides diverse living habitats

­ Food sources for many animals and support food webs 

­ Produce oxygen through photosynthesis 

­ Provide valuable materials 

Wood, Clothing (cotton), Medicine