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ENERGY TECH INSIGHT 2014
28-29 AUGUST 2014, COEX INTERCONTINENTAL HOTEL
Korea Marine Energy Status & Research Activities in KMOU
(Korea-UK Collaboration)
YOUNG-HO LEE(), Prof., Ph.D. Div. of Mechanical & Energy System Engineering, Korea Maritime & Ocean Univ.(KMOU) [email protected]
TOPICS
UK-KOREA NETWORKINGS
ENERGY STATISTICS & POLICY IN KOREA
TIDAL BARAGE
WAVE ENERGY R&Ds
OFF-SHORE NEW ESS(ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEM)
CONCLUSION & SUGGESTION
UK-KOREA NETWORKINGS
2007 ALL ENERGY & Edinburgh Univ. Wave Tank & EMEC Visit
2009 EMEC & OYSTER Wave Site Visit
2013 NAREC & Oxford , Plymouth Univ. Visit(by UK Embassy Project)
2005 Aberdeen ALL ENERGY (by UK Embassy Invitation)
2012 LONDON GLOBAL OFFSHORE WIND(by UK Embassy Invitation)
2014 2nd AWTEC in TOKYO (with EWTEC, 1st at Korea)
ENERGY STATISTICS in KOREA (KEMCO 2013 REPORT)
4
NRE vs. Total Primary Energy(2.75% in 2011)
NRE Primary Energy & Electricity Supply
Primary Energy Mix in Korea
[Unit: 1,000 toe, %]
Trend of Primary Energy Consumption
[Unit: 1,000 toe, %]
National 3rd Renewable Energy Deployment Plan (up to 2030)->will be revised this year end(4th Plan up to 2035)
2008 2010 2015 2020 2030 annual growth rate
PV 33(0.5) 40(0.5) 63(0.5) 342(2) 1882(5.7) 20.2
Solar heat 59(0.9) 138(1.8) 313(2.7) 552(3.2) 1364(4.1) 15.3
Bio 106(1.7) 220(2.9) 1084(9.2) 2035(11.6) 4155(12.6) 18.1
Wind 518(8.1) 987(13) 2210(18.8) 4211(24) 10357(31.4) 14.6
Hydro 946(14.9) 972(12.8) 1071(9.1) 1165(6.6) 1447(4.4) 1.9
Geothermal 9(0.1) 43(0.6) 280(2.4) 544(3.1) 1261(3.8) 25.5
Ocean 0(0) 70(0.9) 393(3.3) 907(5.2) 1540(4.7) 49.6
Waste 4688(73.7) 5097(67.4) 6316(53.8) 7764(44.3) 11021(33.4) 4.0
Total 6360 7566 11731 17520 33027 7.8
Ratio 2.58% 2.98% 4.33% 6.08% 11.0%(same at 4th Plan)
(unit:1,000TOE, %)
Nuclear Electricity Ratio from 2nd National Energy Basic Plan(2014) : 26%(2013), 41%(2008 1st Plan, 2030 target)
Reduced to 29%(2035)
RPS & REC INCENTIVE in KOREA
6
FIT to RPS(Renewable Portfolio Standards) in 2012 : 500MW or More Capacity Utilities(13), Obligation% or Penalty
Supporting Incentive : REC(Renewable Energy Certificate)
Grouping Multiplier Eligible Resources
Solar Energy
0.7 Installation type Land Type Capacity 1.0
In case of not use 'Building and Existing
Facilities'
5 lands(Rice field, Dry field, Orchard, Pasture, Forest land) 1.2
1.5 Other Excess 30kW Under 30kW
General Renewable
0.25 IGCC By-Product gas 0.5 Waste LFG(Land Fill Gas)
1.0
Hydro Wind (on-shore) Bio-gas Bio-mass Tidal I (construction under having its tide embankment) RDF(Refuse Derived Fuel
1.5 Off-shore Wind (connecting point length is under 5km) Bio-mass
2.0 Off-shore Wind (connecting point length is over 5km) Tidal II (newly construction its tide embankment) Fuel-cell
Korean Government WILL SOON ADD MORE REC RESOURCES(TIDAL CURRENT & GEO-THERMAL) THIS YEAR
MULTIPLIER WILL BE 2.0->Effective Market Priming Mover
Business Prospects: Government Plan of Power Installation Capacity up to 139,815MW in 2027(81,806 MW, in 2012)
If 5.0% Go to Marine Energy(6,991MW), and Tidal Current Occupies 50%(3,495MW), 3,495 Turbines(1MW) Installed,
->100MW Array x 35 Sites (Good Business Opportunity!)
500KW OWC WAVE PLANT PPOJECT (KRISO, 2003-2015)
Installation Capacity : 500KW Size : 37.0m(L) x 31.2m(B) x 27.5m(H) Turbine : Impulse turbines(1.8m(dia.), 26blades) Site : Jeju Island Western Coast Yongsoo Commissioning : planned in 2014(Grid connected)
300KW FLOATING PENDULUM WEC PROJECT (KRISO, 2010-2016)
Generator Capacity : 300KW Size : 21.0m(B) x 30.5m(L) x 10.0m(H) PTO : Hydraulic Variant Speed, 4 Points 8 Lines Catenary Mooring 2014 : Floating Main Body & Mooring System 2015-16 : Site Installation & Operation (Jeju Island Yongsoo, OWC site)
9
TIDAL BARAGE POWER PLANTS IN KOREA
The Largest Tidal Barage Commercial Plant : 254MW, Shihwa Lake, Korea
name Shihwa lake Garolim Bay Incheon Bay Chunsoo Bay
location Ansan city,
Kyoungki province Seosan, Chungnam
Province
Kanghwa Is. Youngjong Is.
Kyoungki Province
AnMyun Is. Chungnam Province
length(km) 12.7 ab. 2.0 ab. 20.0 ab. 8.0
stage commercial(2011.11)
Kwater
feasibility study, environmental
survey (2014 decided) feasibility study concept design
installed capacity (MW)
254 520 ab. 950 ab. 720
Year Power (MWh) 552,700 883,000 1,740,000 1,200,000
max. tide (m) 7.8 6.6 7.3 5.9
aver. tide (m) 5.6 4.7 5.3 4.3
Sites
10
SHIHWA LAKE TIDAL BARAGE POWER PLANT CONSTRUCTION
SAVONIUS TURBINE OPTIMIZATION PROJECT (KMOU, 2009-2010)
Savonius turbine model test in Japan
Savonius turbine in Caisson
animation
Jeju Island New Port Wave Breaker
SAVONIUS TURBINE OPTIMIZATION PROJECT (KMOU, 2009-2010)
CFD domain Blade optimization
Rotating Savonius turbine Savonius turbine in Caisson
30 degree15 degree0 degree 45 degree
60 degree 75 degree 90 degree
0 degree
75 degree
animation
MICRO CROSS-FLOW HYDRO WAVE TURBINE(FIXED) (KMOU, 2006~present)
Guide nozzle front rear
Caisson
Direct Drive Turbine (DDT)
- Direct Drive Wave Turbine Principle(KMOU) - Periodic Bi-Directional Wave Flow - Wells Turbine(symmetric aerofoil) - Uni-directional Rotation for Generator (Cross-flow turbine ONLY)
animation
MICRO CROSS-FLOW HYDRO WAVE TURBINE(FIXED) (KMOU, 2006~present)
Time (sec.)
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
T ins
tant
(N-m
)
0
1
2
3
4Tinstant
P ins
tant
(W)
0
4
8
12
16
PT instant
n ins
tant
(min
-1)
0
30
60
90
120ninstant
Qin
stan
t (m
3 /s)
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4Qinstant
Hin
stab
t (m
)
0.00
0.25
0.50
0.75
1.00
Hinstant
(Turbine 1, Hw=20cm, TP=2.0sec., h=70cm)
Experiment of model turbine in wave channel
animation
MICRO CROSS-FLOW HYDRO WAVE TURBINE(FIXED) (KMOU, 2006~present)
Reciprocal flows in turbine passage optimization Free surface movement in CFD wave channel
Cross flow turbine 3-D rotation Turbine with large wave numerical 3-D channel
animation
MICRO CROSS-FLOW HYDRO WAVE TURBINE(FLOATING) (KMOU, 2011~present)
Turbine rotation due to wave height head difference(low head hydro turbine, KMOU originality)
KMOU WAVESHIP Model test diagram(1kW), < 0.5m wave height
MICRO CROSS-FLOW HYDRO WAVE TURBINE(FLOATING) (KMOU, 2011~present)
Data Logger
Monitor
Pressure Sensors
Computer 6-DOF sloshing machine For LNG tanker model
Wave height sensor DDT
Pressure Hole
Torque Transducer & rpm sensor
Powder Brake
Turbine
ADVANTAGES: - Compact : water working fluid compared to traditional OWC air turbine(big density difference) - Low acoustic noise due to low rpm, submersible high-speed Wells air turbine - No bio-fouling and no salty corrosion in turbine(clean fresh water as working fluid) - Dual hull structure : less collision leakage damage and better environmental protection
- More systematic research needed : off-shore floating device technology (mooring, etc.)
MICRO CROSS-FLOW HYDRO WAVE TURBINE(FLOATING) (KMOU, 2011~present)
CFD performance analysis 6-DOF motion platform test
Dual hull floating body wave flow interaction Mooring mechanism
animation
MICRO CROSS-FLOW HYDRO WAVE TURBINE(FLOATING) (KMOU, 2011~present)
opening
WL roter domain
Water tank domain : sin wave motion
6-DOF motion platform test
CFD Experiment
Motion angle : 6, Frequency : 0.33Hz Fly-wheel effect test
MICRO CROSS-FLOW HYDRO WAVE TURBINE(FLOATING) (KMOU, 2011~present)
PIV measurement
Left : PIV Right : CFD
animation
WAVE TANK MODEL(20W) TEST & SEA(1KW) TEST (KMOU, 2011~present)
Parameters Model
Length[m] 2.8
Wide[m] 1.56
Front height[m] 0.9
Back height[m] 1.3
Turbine diameter[m]
0.255
Weight [ton] Device : 1.47 Water : 0.66
Sea Test Site(1kW, 2014)
KMOU-WAVESHIP Installation Power : < 100KW Total System Efficiency : max. 20%-25% Wing Shape Incident Wave Energy Augment Design ESS Considered Commercialization R&D : 2015-2018(3 years)
animation
KMOU test site
test site
Pumped hydro energy storage system
Compressed air energy storage system
J.L. Yin, D.Z. Wang, Y.T. Kim, Young-Ho Lee, A hybrid energy storage system using pump compressed air and micro-hydro turbine, Renewable energy 65 (2014) 117-122.
High Pressure Vessel : Proven Technology Multistage Pump : Proven Technology Hydro Turbine : Proven Technology System Optimization : Research Target
PUMP AIR COMPRESSED & HYDRO TURBINE ESS (KMOU, 2011~present)
animation
EFFECTIVE HEAD & FLOW RATE VS. TIME(PUMP STAGE) BY CFD (KMOU, 2011~present)
animation
24
ESS BY DEEP WATER SUBMERGED OFF-SHORE STORAGE VESSEL(KMOU, 2014) Typical Vessel Pressure(In & Out) : 10 bar(100m) - 100bar(1000m) Power Capacity per Module : 10kWh 1MWh Module Components : Multi-stage Pump, Hydro Turbine, Air-Compressor, Cylindrical Vessel Targeted System Efficiency : 70-80% Constant Power Output Guaranteed for Grid Safe Penetration Model and Sea Proto Test : 2015-2017(Planned)
animation
STORAGE VESSEL SIZE(WATER DEPTH vs. POWER CAPACITY) (KMOU, 2014)
100MWh ESS ARRAY : (1MWhx10) x (1MWhx10) array is available with 10m interval(100m x 100m)
WECs - Fixed DDT WEC : -> submerged Bi-Directional Cross Flow Turbine -> high torque/low rpm, low noise, high efficiency - Floating DDT WEC : simple in principle, model sea test in 2014 - SCALED UP TEST : planned for commercialization OFF-SHORE ESS - KMOU ESS : -> 100% Mechanical (pump, turbine, air compressor, pressure vessel -> convergence technology) -> low cost, environmental, long life, high efficiency -> will be proven by model & field test UK, KOREA COLLABORATION - Hybrid & Convergence Technology : REs(Off-shore wind and marine energies) + New ESS Principle
CONCLUSION & SUGGESTIONS
THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTIONS!
YOUNG-HO LEE(), Prof., Ph.D. Div. of Mechanical & Energy System Engineering, Korea Maritime & Ocean Univ.(KMOU) [email protected]
Slide Number 1TOPICSUK-KOREA NETWORKINGSENERGY STATISTICS in KOREA(KEMCO 2013 REPORT)National 3rd Renewable Energy Deployment Plan(up to 2030)->will be revised this year end(4th Plan up to 2035)RPS & REC INCENTIVE in KOREA500KW OWC WAVE PLANT PPOJECT(KRISO, 2003-2015)300KW FLOATING PENDULUM WEC PROJECT(KRISO, 2010-2016)Slide Number 9Slide Number 10Savonius turbine OPTIMIZATION project(KMOU, 2009-2010)Savonius turbine OPTIMIZATION project(KMOU, 2009-2010)MICRO CROSS-FLOW HYDRO WAVE TURBINE(FIXED) (KMOU, 2006~present)MICRO CROSS-FLOW HYDRO WAVE TURBINE(FIXED) (KMOU, 2006~present)MICRO CROSS-FLOW HYDRO WAVE TURBINE(FIXED) (KMOU, 2006~present)MICRO CROSS-FLOW HYDRO WAVE TURBINE(FLOATING) (KMOU, 2011~present)MICRO CROSS-FLOW HYDRO WAVE TURBINE(FLOATING) (KMOU, 2011~present)MICRO CROSS-FLOW HYDRO WAVE TURBINE(FLOATING) (KMOU, 2011~present)MICRO CROSS-FLOW HYDRO WAVE TURBINE(FLOATING) (KMOU, 2011~present)MICRO CROSS-FLOW HYDRO WAVE TURBINE(FLOATING) (KMOU, 2011~present)Slide Number 21Slide Number 22Slide Number 23Slide Number 24Slide Number 25Slide Number 26Slide Number 27