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UN/TURKEY/ESA WORKSHOP

Erciyes University 13-m Single Dish Antennaand Radio Astronomy in Turkey

Dr. brahim KK

Erciyes University,

Science Faculty

Astronomy and Space Sciences Department,38039, Kayseri, Turkey


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EFFORTS FOR A RADIO TELESCOPE in TURKEY (1990-1995)

Previous attempts-1

-(NATIONAL FUNDING by TUBITAK-MAM)

- CONCEPTUAL CONSIDERATIONS

(joint radio astronomy + satellite remote sensing images reception)

- SITE SELECTION (A summary in the Evaluation Report)- OTHER PROCESSES & PROCEDURES

(logistics, administrative structure, man-power planning, ...)

-

( 2 Proposals)(1)Krupp-MAN consortium, (2) ESSCO Massachusetts

- CANCELLATION OF BIDDING by TUBITAK HQ!! (1993)


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EFFORTS FOR A RADIO TELESCOPE in TURKEY (2000-2005)

Previous attempts-2

Physics and Astronomy Depts with RadioAstrononomy as one of its main research areas:

Erciyes University Astronomy Dept, Kayseri Turkey

(5 PhD staff, 3 assistants) anakkale Onsekiz Mart University Physics Dept,

anakkale, Turkey, (2 Ph D staff, 1 graduatestudent

Other PhD radio astronomers from Turkey(1 in USA, 1 in Canada, 2 Great Britain)


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Current SituationCurrent Situation 19901990--1997 TUBITAK1997 TUBITAK--MRCMRC

22--m dish antennam dish antenna 20072007 2009 Erciyes University2009 Erciyes University

Two 5Two 5--m dishes and 12.8m dishes and 12.8--m antennam antenna

2 SPO(DPT) Projects (52 SPO(DPT) Projects (5--6 years)6 years) National Radio Astronomy Observatory of Turkey.National Radio Astronomy Observatory of Turkey.

Site selection studiesSite selection studies

Started in 2008Started in 2008Aim: 30Aim: 30 40 m class antenna and observatory40 m class antenna and observatoryestablishmentestablishment

(ERAO).(ERAO). Establishment and calibration worksEstablishment and calibration works

Aim: Radio Astronomer growing and educationAim: Radio Astronomer growing and education

for futurefor future


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Erciyes University Astronomyand Space Sciences Department

Instrumentation: a 13 m Cassegrain

focus antenna withra ome is ein

converted to a radiotelescope

a 25 cm LX200 GPSMeade telescope

a 40 cm LX200 GPSMeade telescope

Research fields Radio Astronom

Eclipsing binary stars Stellar Evolution Open Cluster

photometry


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Mounting process


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The antenna


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The reflector system consists of a mainreflector, a sub-reflector, and feedequipments, arranged in the Cassegrain

,

modified to produce optimum antennagain. The main reflector ia a 12-8 m quasi-paraboloid with a focal length ofapproximately 4.1 m.

The sub-reflector is a quasi-hyperboloidmachined aluminium casting ofapproximately 1.37 m diameter and 0.31m depth.

It is supported on a tetrapod, which isattached to tghe main reflector. Thetetrapod legs are elliptical in section to

minimize shadowing.


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Antenna pattern-Azimuth


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Antenna pattern-Elevation

ERTERT 5 1 & ERT5 1 & ERT 5 2 RADIO TELESCOPES5 2 RADIO TELESCOPES


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ERTERT--5_1 & ERT5_1 & ERT--5_2 RADIO TELESCOPES5_2 RADIO TELESCOPES

(during setup)(during setup)


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The radio astronomy studies in Turkeywas started with a State PlanningOrganization Project by TUBITAK

a ona serva ory n pr2007.

National Radio Astronomy ObservatorySite Selection Committee" started to

completed in 31 December 2008.


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Site selection projectSite selection project Suitable meteorological conditions,Suitable meteorological conditions, Suitable geographical construction;Suitable geographical construction;

reserve romreserve rom aa RQZRQZ selection.selection.

Things done and will be done:Things done and will be done: Meteorological, geographical, topographical featuresMeteorological, geographical, topographical features

analyzed and interpreted for all Turkey.analyzed and interpreted for all Turkey.

Suitable regions are decidedSuitable regions are decided In these regions some RF measurements are doneIn these regions some RF measurements are done


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Site determination criterias forSite determination criterias for

Radio ObservatoryRadio Observatory

1.1. Conditions for Radio ObservatoryConditions for Radio Observatory2.2. Parameters for site selectionParameters for site selection

3.3. Instruments that will be usedInstruments that will be used4.4. Instruments???? ex ensiveInstruments???? ex ensive

5.5. Technical requirementsTechnical requirements


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1. Conditions for Radio1. Conditions for Radio

ObservatoryObservatory Frequency effectsFrequency effects

Ionospherical and troposphericalIonospherical and troposphericaleffectseffects

TopologyTopology InterferenceInterference

limatelimate Sysmical and techtonical activitiesSysmical and techtonical activities

Infrastructure and logistic needsInfrastructure and logistic needs


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2. Conditions for site selection2. Conditions for site selection

AtmosphereAtmosphere Water vapour ( IPWVWater vapour ( IPWV Integrated Precipitable Water Vapor )Integrated Precipitable Water Vapor )

ElevationElevation Rain fall (rain & snow)Rain fall (rain & snow) TemperatureTemperature PressurePressure

Wind speedWind speed Cloudness and fogCloudness and fog OxygenOxygen Atmos herical featuresAtmos herical features

Flight routesFlight routes RadarsRadars Power linesPower lines SecuritySecurity


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3.3. Needs ( Datae & Maps )Needs ( Datae & Maps )

Parameters for climateParameters for climateState Meteorological AffairsState Meteorological Affairs

Radio Interference detection for whole countryRadio Interference detection for whole countryGSM, Radar, and other sourcesGSM, Radar, and other sourcesTelecommunication InstitutionTelecommunication Institution

Flight RoutesFlight Routes

Topographical MapsTopographical MapsMilitary and remote sensingMilitary and remote sensing


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evaporationstations

refractivityAtmospherical pressure


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Earthquake map

K &K &


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Karaman &Karaman & AksarayAksaray


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Ready to go...Ready to go...

TRRS:TRRS: Portable Monitoring Station


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mastmast

MOBDFMOBDF

M h iM h i


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MechanismMechanism


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Test measurementsTest measurements

8 Jan 20088 Jan 2008 -- BTKBTK AnkaraAnkara

*RBW 300 kHz

VBW 1 MHz

* RBW 300 kHz

VBW 1 MHz


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Ref -20 dBm Att 10 dB

A

1 PK

MAXH

SWT 2.5 ms

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A

1 PK

MAXH

SWT 2.5 ms

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300 kHz/Start 1.1 GHz Stop 1.103 GHz

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Date: 8.JAN.2008 11:54:13

5 MHz/Start 1.1 GHz Stop 1.15 GHz

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Date: 8.JAN.2008 11:50:11

Att 10 dB

1 PK

MAXH

A

Ref -31 dBm

*RBW 1 kHz

VBW 3 kHz

SWT 7 s

-50

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Marker 1 [T1 ]

-107.33 dBm

1.427000000 GHz Ref -20 dBm Att 10 dB

1 PK

MAXH

A

*RBW 300 kHz

VBW 1 MHz

SWT 2.5 ms

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700 kHz/Start 1.42 GHz Stop 1.427 GHz

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1

Date: 8.JAN.2008 12:12:55

100 kHz/Center 1.405 GHz Span 1 MHz

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Date: 8.JAN.2008 12:02:53

Test measurementsTest measurements

8 Jan 20088 Jan 2008 -- BTKBTK AnkaraAnkara

Antenna types for measurementsAntenna types for measurements


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AngularAngularCoverageCoverage

PolarizationPolarization BandwidthBandwidth AntennaAntenna TypeType

360360oo azimuthazimuth

LinearLinear NarrowNarrow Whip,Whip, Dipole,Dipole, oror LoopLoop

Antenna types for measurements.Antenna types for measurements.

--

CircularCircular NarrowNarrow NormalNormal modemode HelixHelix

WideWide LindenbladLindenblad oror FourFour--armarm conicalconical

spiralspiral

DirectionalDirectional

LinearLinear NarrowNarrow Yagi,Yagi, ArrayArray withwith dipoledipole elements,elements, ororDishDish withwith hornhorn feedfeed

WideWide LogLog periodicperiodic oror HornHorn

CircularCircular NarrowNarrow AxialAxial modemode helix,helix, HornHorn withwith polarizer,polarizer,

oror dishdish withwith crossedcrossed dipoledipole feedfeed

WideWide CavityCavity--backedbacked spiral,spiral, ConicalConical spiral,spiral,

oror DishDish withwith spiralspiral feedfeed

The antennas used in measurementsThe antennas used in measurements


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The antennas used in measurementsThe antennas used in measurements

400MHz 30GHz1GHz 26GHz18GHz 26GHz 20MHz 7500MHz

1GHz 18GHz

9KHz 20MHz 9KHz 20MHz


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KaramanKaraman -- YazlYazl

KaramanKaraman Akaehir Pelitli PlateauAkaehir Pelitli Plateau


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A

RBW 3 MHz

VBW 10 MHz

SWT 5 ms

30

-20


A

RBW 3 MHz

VBW 10 MHz

SWT 60 ms

30

-20


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1 PK

MAXH

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1 PK

MAXH

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Start 800 MHz Stop 1 GHz20 MHz/

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Date: 5.AUG.2008 16:05:27

Start 23 GHz Stop 26 GHz300 MHz/

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Date: 5.AUG.2008 19:13:12


1 PK

MAXH

A

RBW 3 MHz

VBW 10 MHz

SWT 5 ms

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-20Ref -20 dBm Att 10 dB

1 PK

MAXH

A

RBW 3 MHz

VBW 10 MHz

SWT 5 ms

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Date: 5.AUG.2008 18:02:03


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Date: 5.AUG.2008 18:16:43

YazlYazl


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-- ANTENNAANTENNA FrequencyFrequency

00--00 HL50HL509090--00 HL50HL50

180180--00 HL50HL50

270270--00 HL50HL5000--4545 HL50HL50 1GHz1GHz--26GHz26GHz

9090--4545 HL50HL50

180180--4545 HL50HL50

270270--4545 HL50HL50

--

9090--9090 HL50HL50

00--9090 OmniOmni

00--00 OmniOmni 26GHz26GHz--40GHz40GHz

9090--00 OmniOmni


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PelitliPelitli

-- AntennaAntenna FrequencyFrequency

00--00 HL50HL50

180180--00 HL50HL50

00--4545 HL50HL50 1GHz1GHz--26GHz26GHz

00--9090 HL50HL509090--9090 HL50HL50

--

00--00 OmniOmni 26GHz26GHz--40GHz40GHz

9090--00 OmniOmni

Measurements below 1GHzMeasurements below 1GHz


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1 PK

MAXH

A

RBW 3 MHz

VBW 10 MHz

SWT 5 ms

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1 SA

AVG

A

*

*

RBW 100 kHz

VBW 1 MHz

SWT 20 ms

-50

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Measurements below 1GHzMeasurements below 1GHz

20 MHz/Start 800 MHz Stop 1 GHz

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Date: 6.AUG.2008 11:10:02

Center 900 MHz Span 200 MHz20 MHz/

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Date: 6.AUG.2008 14:51:26

800MHz - 1GHz

800MHz - 1GHz

Measurements betweenMeasurements between


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*

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AVG

A

RBW 100 kHz

VBW 1 MHz

SWT 100 ms

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*

1 SA

AVG

A

RBW 100 kHz

VBW 1 MHz

SWT 100 ms

*

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easu e e ts bet eeeasu e e ts bet ee1GHz1GHz -- 30GHz30GHz


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Date: 6.AUG.2008 13:04:25

900 polarization1-2GHz

Date: 6.AUG.2008 13:34:29

450 polarization1-2GHz

Special frequenciesSpecial frequencies


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Att 10 dB

A

1 SA

AVG

Ref -60 dBm

*

*

*

RBW 10 Hz

VBW 30 Hz

SWT 50 s

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A

1 SA

AVG

Ref -50 dBm

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*

RBW 300 Hz

VBW 30 kHz

SWT 75 ms*

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p qp q

Att 10 dB

A

1 SA

AVG

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*

RBW 10 Hz

VBW 30 Hz

SWT 30 sRef -120 dBm

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Att 10 dB

A

1 SA

AVG

Ref -50 dBm

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RBW 10 Hz

VBW 30 Hz

SWT 50 s

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500 Hz/Center 1.612231 GHz Span 5 kHz

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Date: 6.AUG.2008 17:24:21 OH500 Hz/Center 22.235 GHz Span 5 kHz

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Date: 6.AUG.2008 17:42:49 Su Buhar

Center 3.263794 MHz Span 3 kHz300 Hz/

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Date: 6.AUG.2008 17:28:10

CH

KARAMAN - Yazl

500 Hz/Center 1.420406 GHz Span 5 kHz

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Date: 6.AUG.2008 17:22:07

HI


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THANKSTHANKS

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