Kuliah-13,14 Transportasi Fluida.ppt

8/17/2019 Kuliah-13,14 Transportasi Fluida.ppt

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TRANSPORTASITRANSPORTASI

FLUIDAFLUIDAAnton Rahmadi

THP-Faperta, Unmul

Sumber:

uliah Prin!ip Te"nolo#i Pan#an, TP$%&'''

Dr( Pur)i*atno Hari*adi, S+AFAST enter, IP


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Si!tim pipa

dlm tran!porta!i .luida


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Si!tim pipa



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Si!tim pipa



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FLUID

D/NA0IS


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DASAR TRANSPORTASI FLUIDADASAR TRANSPORTASI FLUIDA

&( Da!ar perhitun#an tran!porta!i .luida :&( Da!ar perhitun#an tran!porta!i .luida :

((((((((((((((((((((((1 e!etimban#an 0a!!a1 e!etimban#an 0a!!a

((((((((((((((((((((((1 e!etimban#an 0omentum1 e!etimban#an 0omentum

((((((((((((((((((((((1 e!etimban#an +ner#i 2 ernoulli3! +4(1 e!etimban#an +ner#i 2 ernoulli3! +4(

5( Tran!porta!i dalam bentu" .luida5( Tran!porta!i dalam bentu" .luida((((((((((((((((((((((1 pro!e! e.i!ien1 pro!e! e.i!ien((((((((((((((((((((((1 .luidi!a!i1 .luidi!a!i


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+6UATION OF ONTINUIT/ :+6UATION OF ONTINUIT/ : on!er7ation o. ma!! 85on!er7ation o. ma!! 85

on!ider the .lo) o. .luid throu#h a tube o. 7ar*in# 9ro!!-!e9tionon!ider the .lo) o. .luid throu#h a tube o. 7ar*in# 9ro!!-!e9tion

PP55

PP&&

0a!! o. .luid0a!! o. .luid

pa!!in# point Ppa!!in# point P&&

durin# time inter7aldurin# time inter7al ∆t i!:t i!:

tt77AAmm &&&&&& ∆∆==

ρ ρ

δ δ

0a!! o. .luid pa!!in# point P0a!! o. .luid pa!!in# point P55

durin# time inter7aldurin# time inter7al ∆∆∆t i!:t i!:

(( ))tt77AA mm

5555

5555

∆∆==

∆∆==

ρ ρ

ρ ρ δ δ

∆ 55 i! the 7olume o.i! the 7olume o.

.luid that pa!!e! P.luid that pa!!e! P55

durin#durin# ∆tt

AA&&

AA55

∆

olumeolume 2 9ro!!-!e9tional area ;2 9ro!!-!e9tional area ;∆

di!tan9edi!tan9e

2 9ro!!-!e9tional area ; 7elo9it* ;2 9ro!!-!e9tional area ; 7elo9it* ;∆

di!tan9edi!tan9e


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Fluid i! in9ompre!!ibble


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e!etimban#an 0omentume!etimban#an 0omentum

0omentum0omentum 22 ma!a ; "e9epatan aliranma!a ; "e9epatan aliran

00 22 m ; 7m ; 7?2@?2@ "#(m(!"#(m(!-5-5

Lau aliran momentumLau aliran momentum 22 lau aliran ma!a ; "e9epatanlau aliran ma!a ; "e9epatan

?2@?2@


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e!etimban#an +ner#i(e!etimban#an +ner#i(

Per!amaan ernoulliPer!amaan ernoulli

Umum:Umum:

+. +. ))++

hh##ρ

PP+

ρ

ρ

PP::

∆

ener#i poten!ial "arena adan*aener#i poten!ial "arena adan*a∆

PB perb( te"ananPB perb( te"anan

##∆

h :h :∆

ener#i poten!ial "arena adan*aener#i poten!ial "arena adan*a∆

hB perb( ele7a!i%"etin##iahB perb( ele7a!i%"etin##ia

ρ

++ :: ∆ ener#i "ineti" ener#i "ineti"

C: "era pompaC: "era pompa

+.: "ehilan#an ener#i "rn #e!e"an+.: "ehilan#an ener#i "rn #e!e"an

PP55

PP&& AA&&

AA55


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+ner#* term! In7ol7ed in the 0e9hani9al +ner#* alan9e+ner#* term! In7ol7ed in the 0e9hani9al +ner#* alan9e

For Fluid Flo) in a Pipin# S*!tem,For Fluid Flo) in a Pipin# S*!tem,

the .ormula .or 9al9ulatin# them, and their unitthe .ormula .or 9al9ulatin# them, and their unit

+ner#* Term+ner#* Term

• Potential +Potential +

- pre!!ure- pre!!ure- ele7ation- ele7ation

• ineti9 +ineti9 +

• Cor"


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α

22

22

22

Laminar Laminar TurbulenTurbulen

) )

)

22

113333

3355112222

+

+

=

nn

nnnn

α

77&&dd


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++. . ))++

hh##ρ

PP+

ρ

ρ

∆

PP

&&

77ρ

hh&&ρ

PPCC

&&

77ρ

hh55ρ

PP . . &&&&5555EEEEEE22EEEEEE

e!etimban#an +ner#i(e!etimban#an +ner#i(

Per!amaan ernoulliPer!amaan ernoulli

Tahanan "rn #e!e"anTahanan "rn #e!e"an

++.5.5 : tahanan "arena pipa luru!: tahanan "arena pipa luru!++.&.& : tahanan "arena pen*empitan pipa: tahanan "arena pen*empitan pipa

++.>.> : tahanan "arena e"!pan!i pipa: tahanan "arena e"!pan!i pipa

++.G.G : tahanan "arena !ambun#an%.ittin# 7al7e: tahanan "arena !ambun#an%.ittin# 7al7e


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Aliran .luida dalam pipa !elalu dii"uti den#anAliran .luida dalam pipa !elalu dii"uti den#an

penurunan te"anan


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Untu" Fluida Ne)tonian : Per!amaan Po!ieuilleUntu" Fluida Ne)tonian : Per!amaan Po!ieuille

&&DD

77µ

>&>&

LL

∆

PP=

DD

==&&


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Untu" Aliran TurbulenUntu" Aliran Turbulen

San#at dipen#aruhi oleh ReSan#at dipen#aruhi oleh Remm

ρ

22DD

ReRe

Re J &5'' : laminar Re J &5'' : laminar Re 1 &5'' : turbulenRe 1 &5'' : turbulen

Hubun#an Re, "e"a!aranHubun#an Re, "e"a!aran

permu"aan pipa


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R e l a

t i 7 e R o u # h

n e ! ! ,

R e l a

t i 7 e R o u # h

n e ! ! ,

""/D/D

DIA$RA0 0OOD/DIA$RA0 0OOD/

F a 9 t o r $ e

! e " a n ,

.

F a 9 t o r $ e

! e " a n ,

. 5%Re,

tida" dipen#aruhi oleh "e"a!aran pipa


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+ASARAN R+LATIF+ASARAN R+LATIF

e"a!aran Relati. 2 "%De"a!aran Relati. 2 "%D

" 2 "e"a!aran permu"aan pipa ba#ian dalam" 2 "e"a!aran permu"aan pipa ba#ian dalam

D 2 diameter dalam pipaD 2 diameter dalam pipa


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Ne)tonianNe)tonian

Re 2 NRe 2 NReRe 22 ρD7%D7%µ

Untu" Re J &5''Untu" Re J &5'' ((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((11 . 2 5%Re. 2 5%Re

Untu" Re 1 &5'''Untu" Re 1 &5'''- Pipa halu! -'(>

>;5'>;5'>>JReJ5'JReJ5'GG ((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((11 . 2'('GM


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nn

nn

nn

R R

v v LK LK ∆∆P P

++

==1133

))n+1n+1((

))nn((22

nn

nn

nn

R R

v v K K

LL

∆∆PR PR

++==

1133

22

R R ) )2 2

ρ ρ LLv v )( )( / / ( ( ∆∆P P 22ReRe161622==

nn

nn

nnK K

nn ρ ρ R R v v

++

==1133

))((2-n2-n))((88ReRe = Re= ReGeGe

JikaJika

ReReGeGe < 2100 : laminar < 2100 : laminar ..............> f = 16/Re> f = 16/ReGeGe

Un!k ReUn!k ReGeGe > 21000> 21000

- "i#a $al!% (k/&=0)- "i#a $al!% (k/&=0)..............

> f = 0.1'3 (Re)> f = 0.1'3 (Re)-0.3-0.3

31031033


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Tahanan "rn $e!e"anTahanan "rn $e!e"an


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α

ρ

∆

=

22

22

22

11

44

33

AA

AA--55

PP++. .

55

. .


+"!pan!i%Pen#emban#an+"!pan!i%Pen#emban#an

AA55 AA&&7755


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Table (>


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Stainle!! Steel Tubin# and Pipe Diameter! %G>%G '(&''(&' '(''(' '(M&G'(M&G 5(''5(''

55 '(M''(M' 5('''5(''' 5('GK5('GK 5(>55(>55 5%&5 5%& 5(>'5(>' 5(''5('' 5(5'5(5' 5(K''5(K''

&& 5(M'5(M' &('''&(''' &('&(' &(>&(>

& 5%&& 5%& &(>'&(>' &(''&('' &(GK&(GK &(M&(M

>> &(M>G&(M>G >('''>(''' >('M>('M >(''>(''GG >(M>G>(M>G G('''G(''' G('&G('& G(''G(''

(M&(M& ('''(''' ('(' (&(&

MM (M&(M& M('''M(''' (KM5(KM5 M(&M(&


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Kuliah-13,14 Transportasi Fluida.ppt