Kurzfassung eng

… cooling by the sun … (Summary)

Solarfreeze.net | Seeblickstrasse 16 | CH - 8810 Horgen www.solarfreeze.net |Telefon: +41 79 765 05 54 | Email: [email protected]

In tropical countries, conventional air conditioners belong to the largest electricity consumers. In the past decade, they has become more efficient but in terms of total energy consumption, they are still the largest energie consumers.

Plants in the Tropics generate electrical power from fossil fuels. Often, mandatory environmental requirements there are not met, which adds more to the already heavy impact on the environment.

… cooling with the sun …

Efficient cooling systems with low energy requirements have been around for years - in industrialized countries. Such cooling systems combined with simple insulation measures open opportunities to air-conditioning homes and buildings with the help of solar energy.

Solarfreeze.net … Solarfreeze.net is a non-profit organization. It will proof by feasibility tests and case studies that the sun as an energy source can be successfully used, so air conditioner are becoming cheaper and more ecologically sound.

… means:

Creating local value (employment )

Using the sun as a source of energy (CO2 reduction)

Cooling of buildings for large community

(Economical Cooling Systems)

Comments:

Prof. Dr. Dr. Ernst U. von Weizsäcker i: Co-President of the Club of Rome

" Cooling of food, medicine and living spaces in the tropics is one of the most important issues. Using solar energy to do so is fantastic!"

Bernie Schürch ii: Founder of the theatre group Mummenschanz

"I simply can’t understand why intelligent projects like Solarfreeze have not already been implemented?"

Summary Solarfreeze.net Page 2

Solarfreeze.net | Seeblickstrasse 16 | CH - 8810 Horgen

www.solarfreeze.net |Telefon: +41 79 765 05 54 | Email: [email protected]

Heat protection …

… with heat reflective paint

Sunlight during the day transform houses at night in adverse heaters (heat storage).

Sun rays are deflected by heat reflecting paint. This measure alone can reduce the energy consumption of air conditioning up to 50%. (Case Study Melbourne iii)

…and with heat rays reflective films

Sunrays (red) are reflected

An effective and efficient heat protection are heat rays reflective films on windows. By the applications of these films, Erie School in Illinois (USA) reduced the energy consumption of air conditioners by 15%. (Case Study Erie School iv)

School ... without air conditioning

Where for poor finances no air conditioners can be purchased, for example for government schools, heat reflective paint combined with films reflecting heat rays could be an inexpensive method of cooling temperatures down down and thus improving the quality of life.

At temperatures above 35 ° C, even for people familiar with hot temperatures, it is difficult to keep cool.




Principle of the cooling

Photovoltaic panel

Provides energy both for operating the chiller and for charging the battery .

DC/AC Converter

Converts direct current (DC) to alternating current (AC) for operating the cooling compressor and at the same time regulating the charging and discharging of the battery (Life cycle of lead battery)

Cold water storage

Can be a cistern. Will be cooled down during hours of sunshine and supplies cold water – for cooling - during night hours

Lead battery

Stores energy during hours of sunshine and operates the cooling compressor at night.

Cooling compressor

Cools the water in the cold water storage tank (Cistern)

Capillary tube mat

Cools the room. For an ambient temperature of 21 ° C, the temperature of the (cooling) water need only be of ~ 18 ° C.




Capillary Tube Mat

The principle of the efficient capillary tube mat was developed in Germany. Ir was implemented for air conditioning into the first building in 1994 and has been functioning ever since.

Air conditioned with capillary tube mats ...

… in 1999, the German parliament building

… and by 2013, buildings in Berlin's new airport

The fine mesh capillaries ensure optimum temperature transfer. As with many great ideas, nature, respectively the human body, served as the role model:

The human blood stream regulates the body

temperature

The water flowing in the capillary tubes adjusts the room temperature

Due to high humidity in the tropics, the capillary tube mats are primarily suited for implementation in cooling shafts. The moisture gets removed from the air; the water condenses on the capillary tubes, runs downwards and is then collected by a vessel.

In regions with a scarcity of water, the so collected water could be filtered and mineralized, thus providing much needed drinking water.

If additional cooling is required, adding capillary tube mats to walls and ceilings is a further possibility.




Goals and succes criterias: High cooling capacity at low cost

Cooling components

The search for “the” perfect combination of cooling components is the biggest challenge. The components are well known, but not their weighting. The same specific cooling capacity can be achieved with different combinations, but the cost will vary greatly.

Short payback (ROI)

The payback period is “the” factor for success or failure. The components used must be inexpensive, highly efficient and of such good quality that even under severe tropical conditions, they will last for 20 years..

The energy saving payback (Return on Investment, ROI)

should not be longer than 48 months.

Local Involvement

Many projects have failed because local conditions were not considered, such as high salinity near the coast, high humidity, temperatures above 40 °, voltage variations in power supply. All those conditions ask for highest quality of components.

Local component selection: Criteria:

The components used should be obtained from local companies that are able to provide warranty and onsite maintenance.

a) Introduced successfully in market b) 3 - 5 year warranty

c) Tropicalized d) Maintained from qualified company

Improvement of local economy In case of a successful project development, it can be safely assumed that over times all the components can be purchased from local companies, means jobs will be generated, the local economy will improve.

Local development Bearable temperatures during work or rest periods significantly affect the people's well-being, improve their ability to concentrate, prevent accidents and increase productivity and quality of outputs:

Cooling has a direct influence on the development of a region




Roadmap Project Activities Start (internal) July 2011

1st Phase: Idee / Realization

Technical explanations Internet presence Economy issues Project Documentation Statutes Foundation Considering local aspects Official Launch

~18 Months

2nd Phase: Training Testing Training Heat Protection

~ 6 Months

3rd Phase: Case Studies Preparatory Test installation(s) Measuring Documentation

~ 6 Months

4th Phase: Expansion Publicity Creating Sister Organization Model of Sustainability CO2 Emission trade Topics distribution Planning, organization

Institution

Solarfreeze.net is a non-profit neutral association with no political or religious affiliation, within the meaning of Article 60 ff. ZGB (Swiss Civil Code), based in Horgen ZH, Switzerland.

President Arthur Meier, head of organization and computer science at City of Zurich

Vicepresident Philipp Blatter, owner of internet agency Sample Zone

Chief of finance Solveig Arredondo, optometrist

Financial Control Urs Jakob, group financial officer of EFT (Switzerland)

Management Christian Lämmler v, founder and manager of Solarfreeze.net

Contact christian.laemmler(at)solarfreez.net and [email protected]

mailto:[email protected]




FAQ Ten Questions = Ten Answers (1-5)

Question 1 What is the following statement based on: “In the tropics, a house or a building consumes five to seven times as much of electrical energy, as a comparable property in Switzerland”

Answer 1 In the tropics, in chilled buildings, up to 85% of the total electricity consumption is used up by air conditioners. Present day devices are quite inexpensive but consume massive amounts of power. The energy for these devices comes from power plants which are using fossil fuels (coal, oil and gas) thus causing a high ecological impact.

Question 2 Cooling by the sun, what does that amount to? Answer 2 It means using the abundant sunlight as an energy source for cooling. This requires

very efficient cooling systems as well as simple insulation measures in buildings. Capillary tube mats are 70% more efficient than conventional air conditioners. For the windows you can use heat rays reflective films which eliminate 85% of the heat rays. When buildings are painted with Heat-reflective paint, up to 50% less energy is used for air conditioners. The Ancient Greeks already knew the cooling effect of white colour and painted their houses in white.

Question 3 Is it correct that the combination of these measurements cools a home or building using very little energy?

Answer 3 Correct, the energy consumption can be reduced to a minimum, so the power provided by a small common photovoltaic installation is enough to cool a whole building. But scientists with deep knowledge in this field are thin on the ground. And so far, we haven't heard of any institution that has developed tests and done case studies. That is where and why we from Solarfreeze.net will become active. We want to create awareness –and want to proof, that ... cooling with the sun ... , is absolutely feasible.

Question 4 Why has he solar industry not become active in this apparently lucrative market? Answer 4 The solar industry is focused on the markets in the developed world where customers

can obtain renewable energy payments (FIT). There, sales effort can be kept much lower than in the “poor“ Tropics .

Question 5 And how will Solarfreeze.net convince the homeowners in the Tropics to buy solar-powered cooling devices, as usually the people there are far from being wealthy?

Answer 5 Also by financial incentives: A system must be capable to work for at least 20 years. At the latest after four years the cost of upgrading should be amortized (ROI) by the use of less power. The remaining 16 - or more - years are additional savings.




FAQ Ten Questions = Ten Answers (6-10)

Question 6 ROI (payback) in only four years, is this Is this not too utopian a calculation? Answer 6 On the contrary, we expect 1 to 3 years. Into it comes the time factor; the energy rates

have been increasing for years, and will continue to do so. In contrast, the prices for components tend to fall, which means that the payback time (ROI) will become shorter.

Question 7 Where are the first tests planned, respectively the case studies done? Answer 7 Currently, there are contacts in Cuba. The country is open to energy efficiency

measures, has very able young students and is, at the time, still a shielded island. These are ideal conditions to achieve good results during the pilot phase.

Question 8 What is the current status of the project? Answer 8 The ideas for the project have matured and developed very well. Now we have to find

the finances to successfully implement the pilot phase, means we are looking for sponsors. Once the start-up capital is available, the project will start.

Question 9 Is this not just a kind of start-up funding for your idea? Answer 9 Solarfreeze.net is a non-profit organization, though commercial activities will be

necessary to guarantee its existence. If the results are promising, it can be safely assumed that the demand for the expertise of Solarfreeze.net, will be there. At that stage, we intend to found sister organizations in other countries.

Question 10 And what are the benefits of this project for “poorer” people? After all, would any of them be able to afford an air-conditioner?

Answer 10 Solarfreeze.net only works in close cooperation with local enterprises whose services and components are used. This generates employment and feeds into the local economy. It can also be assumed that the already known simple and affordable methods will be further improved. So in buildings such as schools and hospitals, high temperatures could be lowered to a tolerable level at low cost. Even people familiar with excessive heat need a normal ambient temperature, respectively to "keep cool" in order to concentrate on their studies or come up with creative ideas. In many hot countries air conditioners are a prerequisite for the development of competitive industries, as proven in the past by the Southern States in the US, when they began competing with the industrialized North.

Cooling has a direct influence on the development of a region




Appendix Weblinks i Prof. Dr. Dr. Ernst U. von Weizsäcker http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernst_Ulrich_von_Weizsäcker (only German) ii Bernie Schürch http://www.mummenschanz.ch/de/

(only German) iii Case Study Melbourne http://solarfreeze.net/assets/case_study_melbourne.pdf

(only English) iv Case Study Erie School http://solarfreeze.net/assets/case_study_llumar_erieschool.pdf

(only English) v Christian Lämmler, Portrait http://solarfreeze.net/assets/kurzportrait_ch_laemmler.pdf

(only in German) This summary as a catalogue to browse http://issuu.com/solarfreeze.net/docs/kurzfassung_eng or as download:

Horgen, 16

th of January, Ch. Lämmler

(Thanks to Brigitte Huber, Freidorf. TG for the English rectification)

http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernst_Ulrich_von_Weizs%C3%A4cker

http://issuu.com/solarfreeze.net/docs/kurzfassung_eng

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Kurzfassung eng