Ky thuat khoan dau khi.pdf

8/9/2019 Ky thuat khoan dau khi.pdf

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COPYRIGHT 2001,NExT. All Rights Reserved

K THUT KHOAN DU KHK THUT KHOAN DU KH


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MT S THNG TIN C NHN

H v Tn: Trn Xun o

Nm sinh: 1956

Nm tt nghip i hc: 1982Nm bo v lun n TS : 1996

Nm bo v lun n TSKH : 2000

Ni cng tc hin nay: Vin NCKH v TK-VSP


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NI DUNG MN HC1. Gin khoan du kh;

2. Thy lc v dung dch khoan;

3. Bm trm xi mng;4. Thit k ng chng v chui cn khoan;

5. Chong khoan;

6. Khoan nh hng;7. o trong khi khoan


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Gin khoan du kh

Tng quan; Cc loi gian khoan du kh; H thng nng lng trn gian; H thng nng (ko th); H thng tun hon dung dch; H thng xoay; H thng kim sot ging; H thng o trong khi khoan; Nhng thit b chuyn bit trong khoan

bin.


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Gii thiu Gin khoan du khGii thiu Gin khoan du kh


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Cc loi ginCc loi gin -- Rig TypesRig Types

XXlan khoanlan khoan

BargesBargesGiGin khoan t linn khoan t linLand RigsLand Rigs

GiGin khoan vi tn khoan vi tu tip liuu tip liuTender AssistedTender Assisted

TTu khoanu khoan

DrillshipDrillship

Na ni na chNa ni na chmmSemiSemi--

submersiblesubmersible

GiGin t nngn t nngJackJack--upup

GII THIUGII THIU -- IntroductionIntroduction


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su nc v loi gin su nc v loi gin

0-5 m20-120 m 60-800 m 30-2800 m


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Gin khoan t linGin khoan t lin

LoiLoigiginn khoankhoan thngthng dngdng nhtnhtddngng khoankhoantrntrn tt linlin


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1.Gi xp cn - Pipe Racks

2. Dc tip khoan - Ramp

3. Thp khoan -Derrick

4. Chung kh - Monkey board5. Rng rc nh - Crown block

6. Cp khoan - Drill line

7. Khi rng rc ng & mctreo - Block & hook

8. Quang treo /u nng - Links

& elevator9. Cn ch o - Kelly

10. Cu trc di -Substructure

11. Cm i p - BOPs

Gin khoan t linGin khoan t lin

Gii thiuGii thiu

1

2

3

4

5

6

11

8

9

7

10


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Cc h thng chnh H thng cung cp nng lng. H thng nng th, H thng tun hon,

Thit b quay, H thng i p, o trong khi khoan Cng sut v cu trc ca thp khoan ,

Cc lai ng,

Cc h thng chnh trn gin


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Rng rc nh (tnh) -Crown Block

Rng rc c nhFixedsheaves

Deadline u cp cht

Mc treo - Hook

W

Ti khoan -Drawworks

ng cp nhanh- Fastline

W4 W

4

W4

W4 W

4

W4

Cc nguyn tc c bn; H thng nng th;

Cp khoan :

2. H thng nng th


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o ngknh dy cpng knh ca mt dy cp l ng knh ca ng trnngoi tip bao quanh tt c cc si cp. N l s o mt ctngang ln nht.

2. H thng nng


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Nhng nh gi khi thit k

1. Xc nh chiu su ging khoan ln

nht.2. Xc nh ti trng ln nht trong khi

khoan hoc chng ng,

3. S dng nhng gi tr ny la chncp khoan, thp khoan v cng sutca thp.

2. H thng nng


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Thp khoan cung cp chiu cao cn thit vchu ti trng ln mc khi ko th bdng c khoan, ng chng.

Thp khoan v cu trc ca thp phi khe chu c ti trng ln mc,

ng cp cht, ng cp nhanh, titrng ca cn dng v sc gi

Cng sut v cu trc ca thp khoan


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Cng sut v cu trc ca thp khoanC hai lai thp khoan :

Lai tiu chun : l cu trc c rp li vi

nhau bng bu lng, thng s dng ccgin khoan ngoi bin.

Loi ct hay loi di ng :

Lai ny c quay trn 1 ci tr v c hxung bng ti khoan sau khi khoan xong,sn sng ko ti v tr mi.


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Ti trng ln thp tnh :

= FastLine Load + Hook Load + DeadLine Load

= HL/4 + HL + HL/4 = 3/2HL

Vi h thng nng c N ng dy n rng rc ng, ti

trng tnh ln thp c tnh bi := { (N + 2) / N } HL,

N = s ng dy cp n rng rc ng

HL = Ti trng ln mc treo.

H thng nng

Rng rc nh (tnh) -Crown Block

Rng rc c nhFixed sheaves

Deadline

u cp cht

Mc treo - Hook

W

Ti khoan -Drawworks

ng cp nhanh- Fastline

W4 W

4

W4

W4 W

4

W4


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H thng nng

Hiu sut ca h thng nng

Hiu sut ca h thng nng

EF = { K ( 1-KN) } / { N( 1-K ) }.

Ti trng ln ng cp nhanh

= HL / (N * EF),

K = Hiu sut ca rng rc v dy cp

Ti trng ln ng cp cht :

DL = ( HL * KN) / ( N * EF) .


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Nu bn ca dy cp bit, h s thit k c th c tnh

DF = Nominal strength of wire rope (lb) / Fast-line Load (lb),

For K = 0.9615

Number of Line strung Efficiency Factor6 0.874,

8 0.842,

10 0.811,

12 0.782.

Min Design Factors;

Drilling/Tripping : 3

Casing Running : 2

H thng nng


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V nguyn l, ti khoan cn c 1 HP cho 10ft khoan. Do cho ging khoan su 20,000ft, ti khoan cn c cngsut 2000 HP Cch khc tnh cng sut yucu

Tc ng cp nhanh (Vf);

Vf = N * VL

VL = Tc ca rng rc ng

Cng sut cho ti khoan :

H thng nng


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Cng sut ti tang ti : = FL * Vf

P = (HL * VL) / EF

Theo h o lng Anh, cng sut c tnhbng M lc, phng trnh trn c vit nh

sau:

Cng sut ti tang ti = (HL * VL) / EF *33,000

Cng sut yu cu ca ti:

H thng nng


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3. H thng tun hon dd

Annulus

Drill pipe

Open hole

Casing

Drill collar

Mud pump

Mud pit

Drill bit


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Triplex Pump

Phn chnh ca h thng tun han l cc my bm,

C hai lai bm 2 piston v bm 3 piston

3. H thng tun hon dd


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CNG SUT MY BM

Tnh ton cng sut my bm:

1714

pqCng sut

MB (HHP)

D=

Trong :

q-lu lng bm, gpm

Dp-Tn hao p sut trong h thng tun hon,psi

Cng sut my bm (HHP)-m lc (hp)


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My bm ly tm : My bm ly tm s dng cung cp dung

dch cho my bm v cc thit b tch cht

rn, thit b trn dung dch -Cc thit b khc:

Kch thc ca gin phi kt hp cht ch vicc thit b trong h thng tun han, cc thit

b tun han quyt nh n tc khoan vcht lng ging khoan

3. H thng tun hon


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Cc thit b ph tr:

Cc thit b khc trong HTTH gm c: Lai dd sdng quyt nh lai sn rung, ging

khoan su yu cu nhiu hn 3 sn rung.1. B cha-Mud Pits: S lng v kch thc phthuc vo kch thc v chiu su ging khoan,kch thc ca gin v khang khng trn gin

(c bit i vi gin khoan ngai bin)2. Thit b tch kh3. My bm ly tm v thit b lm sch dung dch4. My tch ct v my tch bn.

3. H thng tun hon


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Cng sut quay yu cu thng bng

1.5-2 ln tc quay ph thuc vochiu su ging.

Vi tc quay l 200 vng/pht, cngsut quay yu cu l khong 400 HP.

4. H thng quay


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Cn ch o /ng c

nh cung cp nnglng cn thit chovic ph hy t trong khi khoan c thl cung cp m menquay

Cn ch o /ng c nh -

Cc thnh phn chnhCc thnh phn chnh


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H THNG KIM SOT GING


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A = i p vnh xuyn (i p a nng)

G = i p quay chng phun (b phntruyn ng quay v ng kn dng trnthit b chng phun cho php vn hnh ng

vi p sut thp). R = i p n dng ngm vi mt b

ngm

Rd = i p kp dng ngm vi hai b

ngm Rt = i p ba dng ngm vi ba b ngm

S = Mt bch gia cc cm BOP

M = p sut lm vic tng ng 1,000psi (68.95 bar)

H thng i p bao gm :5. H thng i p


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i p vnh xuyn (i p a nng)


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i p n dng ngm vi mt b ngm


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During drilling process :During drilling process :

The well is controlled

by a BOP and choke

manifold

As the well is drilled :

Each annulus issealed off by the

wellhead

u gingu gingis the surfacefoundation on

which the well

is built up

during the

drilling

operations.


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u ging khai thcu ging khai thc

Wellhead

Xmass TreeThe BOP's are removed

After the tubing is installed :

The X mass tree is

installed to control theflow from the well


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H thng H thng u gingu gingChu ti treo cc ct ng

1

2 kn

Ging v pha ngoi

ng chng-va

Gi p sut khi chng phun, thva, ng ging


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What does wellheads do ?

HANG-OFF WEIGHT1

2

3

4

CONTAINS PRESSURE

MONITOR THE WELL SAFETY

PROVIDE A BASE FOR THE

XMAS TREE


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What are the main components ?What are the main components ?

Casing Head Housing

Casing Head Spool

Tubing Head Spool

X-Mass Tree


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Well Head TypesWell Head Types

1. Conventional spooled system

2. Compact spool systems

3. Mud line suspension system

4. Subsea wellheads


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Conventional spooled systemConventional spooled system

Casing Head Housing

Casing Head Spool

Tubing Head Spool

BOP's Stack


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Compact WellheadsCompact Wellheads

The BOP's Stack can

be left in place until

the installation of X-

Mass tree It saves rig time

reduction of flanged

connections


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Casing Head HousingCasing Head Housing

First element of the wellheadFirst element of the wellhead

Supporting the

next string of

casing

Connecting or

adapting to well

control

equipment

Sealing the

wellbore from

the atmosphere

Controlling

access to the

wellbore :


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2

Casing Head SpoolsCasing Head Spools

Second element of the wellheadSecond element of the wellhead


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Casing HangersCasing Hangers

Conductor

pipe

Surface casing

Intermediate

casing

Landing area

Slip type hanger (wraparound

casing slips) or

Mandrel type hanger


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Tubing Head SpoolsTubing Head Spools

Third element of theThird element of thewellheadwellhead


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Tubing Hangers :Tubing Hangers :

Tubing

Production casing Tubing Head Spool

Tubing Hanger

Tubing Hanger

Tubing Head Spool


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Mud line suspension system


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Subsea Wellhead System

18-3/4 Wellhead

With 20 casing installed

Run Corrosion Cap


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thit b o trong qu trnh khoan (mwd)


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c ch hot ngca MWD


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Mt ct dc MWD


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thit b o logtrong qu trnh

khoan

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Ky thuat khoan dau khi.pdf