Launch list

• 1. Copy new objectives

• 2. Have homework out and ready.

Objectives

• 9. Identify 3 new technologies used in ww1 and explain how it affected warfare. (3)

• 10. List 3 roles of women during ww1(2).

• 11. Explain why laws were passed limiting freedom of speech were passed during ww1(2).

2a. Warmonger- person who tries to stir up war.

2b. Czar- Russian Leader. (like a king or a Kaiser)

2c. Draft-Law requiring people to serve in the military.

2d. Illiterate- unable to read or write. (25% of army recruits)

2e. Bureaucracy-System of managing the government through departments.

2f. Pacifist-People who refuse to support war because it is evil.

2g. socialist-

• people who believe the government should own everything and everyone should get a fair share

3. Identify 3 events that moved the United States towards war

– Germany’s u-boat attacks– The Zimmerman notes– Russian revolution

Allied Ships Sunk by U-Boats

Allied Ships Sunk by U-Boats

4A. List 3 government agencies that were set up to organize the war effort.

• 1. Food administration- boosted food output

• 2. War Industries Board- oversaw the correct factory output took place

• 3. War Labor board- settled labor disputes, prevented strikes

5. What steps did the government take to silence the critics of war?

– Criticizing the government or hindering the war effort became crimes.

– (people were sent to jail!)

7. Organizing the War Effort:

• The government organized the economy to help the war effort by setting up government agencies.

8. List 4 major government agencies set up to help organize the war effort.

• 1. Food Administration

• 2. War Industries Board

• 3. War Labor Board

• 4. Committee on Public Information

9. Food administration:

• Urged families to conserve for the war effort

• Wheat less Wednesdays • Meatless Tuesdays• Food will win the war• Farmers planted Victory

Gardens

2. War Industries Board

• Urged manufacturers to use mass production techniques and increase efficiency

3. War Labor Board

• Settles labor disputes.

10. Committee on Public Information

• Public speakers urging Americans to make sacrifices for freedom and democracy

• Government hired 75,000 speakers called “four minute men”

4. Committee on Public Information

4. Committee on Public Information

11. What were Liberty Bonds?

• Citizens would lend money to the government to pay for the war.

• Raised over 21$ billion, over half of what it spent on the war

Liberty Bonds:

Liberty Bonds:

A Multi-Front WarA Multi-Front War

Soldiers Mobilized

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

France Germany Russia Britain

Mil

lio

ns

Trench WarfareTrench Warfare

Trench WarfareTrench Warfare

““No Man’s No Man’s Land”Land”

““No Man’s No Man’s Land”Land”

Verdun – February, 1916

Verdun – February, 1916

German offensive.

Each side had 500,000 casualties.

German offensive.

Each side had 500,000 casualties.

The Somme – July, 1916

The Somme – July, 1916

60,000 British soldiers killed in one day.

Over 1,000,000 killed in 5 months.

60,000 British soldiers killed in one day.

Over 1,000,000 killed in 5 months.

War Is NOT PRETTY

War Is NOT PRETTY

Sacrifices in WarSacrifices in War

Krupp’s “Big Bertha” GunKrupp’s “Big Bertha” Gun

The War of the

Industrial Revolution:

NewTechnology

The War of the

Industrial Revolution:

NewTechnology

French Renault TankFrench Renault Tank

British Tank at YpresBritish Tank at Ypres

U-BoatsU-Boats

Allied Ships Sunk by U-Boats

Allied Ships Sunk by U-Boats

The AirplaneThe Airplane

“Squadron Over the Brenta”

Max Edler von Poosch, 1917

“Squadron Over the Brenta”

Max Edler von Poosch, 1917

Curtis-Martin U. S. Aircraft Plant

Curtis-Martin U. S. Aircraft Plant

Looking for the “Red Baron?”

Looking for the “Red Baron?”

The ZeppelinThe Zeppelin

FlameThrowers

FlameThrowers

GrenadeLaunchersGrenade

Launchers

Poison Gas

Poison Gas

Machine Gun

Machine Gun

World War I CasualtiesWorld War I Casualties

01,000,0002,000,0003,000,0004,000,0005,000,0006,000,0007,000,0008,000,0009,000,000

10,000,000RussiaGermanyAustria-HungaryFranceGreat BritainItalyTurkeyUS

World War I Casualties

Womenand theWar

Effort

Womenand theWar

Effort

Financing the WarFinancing the War

For RecruitmentFor Recruitment

Munitions WorkersMunitions Workers

French Women Factory Workers

French Women Factory Workers

German Women Factory Workers

German Women Factory Workers

Working in the FieldsWorking in the Fields

A Woman Ambulance Driver

A Woman Ambulance Driver

Red Cross NursesRed Cross Nurses

Women in the Army Auxiliary

Women in the Army Auxiliary

Russian Women Soldiers

Russian Women Soldiers

SpiesSpies

“Mata Hari”

Real Name: Margareetha Geertruide Zelle

German Spy!

“Mata Hari”

Real Name: Margareetha Geertruide Zelle

German Spy!

Intolerance at home:

• Espionage Act of 1917:

• Anything that hurt the war effort was considered illegal.

• Punishable by a $10,000 fine and 20 years in prison

Supreme Court Case: Schenck vs USA 1919

• Mr. Schenck passed out anti-war leaflets at a military recruitment site.

• His argument was that a military draft = slavery “don’t go to war!”

• Found guilty of the Espionage act because what he was doing presented a “clear and present danger” to the country.