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Laws and Slavery
Rules vs. Laws
• Rule: something that says how to act or behave
• Laws: a group of rules that are controlled by authority (government)
• Can you break a rule? Can you break the law? What is the difference?
Legal vs. Illegal
• Legal and illegal are 2 words used when talking about laws.
• Legal: the law says it is okay
• Illegal: the laws says it is not okay
• What happens if you do something illegal?
In the beginning…
• 1619: The first slaves arrived in Virginia from Africa.
• 168 YEARS later in 1787, slavery was made illegal in the Northwest Territory.
• This territory made up only 5 states: Wisconsin, Michigan, Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio.
Federal Fugitive Slave Law
• 1793: fugitive slave laws are passed.
• If slaves escape, they are returned back to their slave owners even if they had crossed into a different (or free) state.
A poster warning “colored” people in Boston, Massachusetts.
The poster tells them to be careful because there are “kidnappers” and “slave catchers” collecting them for money.
Posters for Runaway Slaves
• In 1808, Congress bans slaves coming in (imported) from Africa.
• In 1820, the Missouri Compromise is passed.
• This law made slavery illegal north of the southern boundary of Missouri.
Famous African-Americans
• In 1822, a man named Denmark Vesey planned a slave revolt.
• Vesey was a carpenter who had bought his freedom.
• He planned for a group of slaves to fight and escape from Charleston, South Carolina.
• His plan was discovered and he was hanged along with 34 other slaves.
• Nat Turner was an African-American slave and preacher.
• In 1831, he leads the most important fight for slaves in Virginia.
• The U.S. military quiets the fight and Nat Turner is hanged.
• Also, Virginia has much stronger laws for slaves.
More laws on slavery…
• The Compromise of 1850: California becomes a free state and the slave trade is made illegal in Washington D.C.
• The Dred Scott Case in 1857 says that Congress cannot ban slavery in states and that slaves are not citizens.
• In 1861, the Confederacy starts and separates from the rest of the United States. The Civil War also begins.
• In 1863, President Abraham Lincoln gives the Emancipation Proclamation that all slaves are freed in Confederate states.
• In 1865, the Civil War ends. • President Lincoln is
assassinated. • The 13th Amendment
abolishes slavery in the U.S.• On June 19th 1865, slavery
officially ends as 250,000 slaves in Texas get the news about the 13th Amendment.