ldka;d foaYmd,k iyNd.s;aj m%jrAOkhawawsl.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/Training-Manuel-on... · 2019-06-27 · 1 mgqk 01001101& &&& fmrjokfmrjokfmrjok 02002202& && & 1 jk oskh 1

ldka;d foaYmd,k ldka;d foaYmd,k ldka;d foaYmd,k ldka;d foaYmd,k iyNd.s;aj m%jrAOkhiyNd.s;aj m%jrAOkhiyNd.s;aj m%jrAOkhiyNd.s;aj m%jrAOkh

mqyqKq w;afmd;mqyqKq w;afmd;mqyqKq w;afmd;mqyqKq w;afmd;

hqoaOfhka jsm;gm;a ldka;djkaf.a hqoaOfhka jsm;gm;a ldka;djkaf.a hqoaOfhka jsm;gm;a ldka;djkaf.a hqoaOfhka jsm;gm;a ldka;djkaf.a ix.uhix.uhix.uhix.uh

kj fj,qu 2018

1

mgqk 01010101&&&& fmrjokfmrjokfmrjokfmrjok 02020202& & & & 1 jk oskh 1 jk oskh 1 jk oskh 1 jk oskh

1 jk ieis jdrh - ldka;djka foaYmd,khg msjsish hq;af;a wehs @

2 jk ieis jdrh - kdhl;ajh

03& 03& 03& 03& 2 jk oskh2 jk oskh2 jk oskh2 jk oskh

3 jk ieis jdrh - WoafoaYKh

4 jk ieis jdrh - udOH

04040404& 3 & 3 & 3 & 3 jk oskhjk oskhjk oskhjk oskh

5 jk ieis jdrh 13 jk jHjia:d ixfYdaOkh yd m<d;a md,kh

6 jk ieis jdrh 17 yd 19 jk jHjia:d ixfYdaOk yd m<d;a iNd yd m<d;a md<k Pkao l%uh

00005& 45& 45& 45& 4 jk oskhjk oskhjk oskhjk oskh

7 jk ieis jdrh - udkj ysusluz m%cd;ka;%jdoh yd hy md<kh 8 jk ieis jdrh - foaYmd,k jHdmdrhla f.dvk.d .kafka

flfiao@ 9 jk ieis jdrh - wruqo,a iuzmdokh 00006& 56& 56& 56& 5 jk oskhjk oskhjk oskhjk oskh

10 jk ieis jdrh - iNd. .;jSu yd cd,.; jSu’ 11 jk ieis jdrh - l%shdldrs ie,eiaula f.dvke.Su’

2

weuqKquweuqKquweuqKquweuqKquz( 1 jk ieis jdrh - YS% ,xldfjz ldka;djka ms<sn| o;a;

foaYmd,kh ;=, ldka;d b;sydih 3 jk ieis jdrh - WoafoaYKh hkq l=ulao@

4 jk ieis jdrh - YS% ,xldfjz udOH m%jD;a;s ksfjzokfha wdlD;sh

5 jk ieis jdrh m<d;a iNd l%ufha miqnsu

m<d;a iNd l%uh yd ta ms<sn| w;aoelSuz

6 jk ieis jdrh 19 වන වHjසථා සංෙශධනය

ජනාපවරයාෙ බලතල මා ම rdcH j.jSu jrAOkh lsrsu

ෙතර දැන ගැ!ෙ" අ$ය

7 jk ieis jdrh මානව ක ශව m%ldYKh

tlai;acd;Skaf.a m%ma’;sh ( ^wuqKd ke;&( ^wuqKd ke;&( ^wuqKd ke;&( ^wuqKd ke;&

Y%S,xld jHjia:dfjz ක අවාක පෙදය hymd,kh ms<sno rEm igykA ^wuqKd ke;&]wuqKd ke;&]wuqKd ke;&]wuqKd ke;&] tlAi;A Pd;skAf.a hymd,kh ms,sno wrA: l:k

8 jk ieis jdrh jHdmD;s fhdackd ,sjSfuz flgs WmfoaYk ud,dj

wruqo,a oSukd 9 jk ieis jdrh iNd. iEoSu iy f.dvke.Su

3

ys;j;a ifydaorsh”

ldka;djka foaYmd<khg fhduqlsrsug W;aiy orK ish,qfokdgu Wmldrsjk fuu w;afmd; hqoaOfhka jsm;gm;a ldka;djkaf.a ix.uh jsiska 2006 jifra weursld

Mlai;a Pkmofha jsfuka leuzfmaka bkagrAkeIk,a ^Women Campaign International) wdh;kfha fkduiqre iyfhka bosrsm;a lrk ,o w;r 2018 jifra fuu ldka;d foaYmd,k m%jrAOk mqyqKq w;afmd; weursldkq ck;dj fjkqfjka cd;Hka;r

ixjrAOkh i|ydjq weursldkq tackaisfha (USAID) m%cd;aka;%Sh wkavqlrKh Yla;su;a

lsrSu yd j.jSu hk jHdmD;sfha (SDGAP) fkduiqre wdOdr we;sj kej; ixfYdaOkh fldg w,q;ska 6jk yd 7jk ieisjdr we;=,;alrk ,os’ fuys wvx.= oe hqoaOfhka jsm;g m;a ldka;djkaf.a ix.uh i;=jk w;r weursldkq ck;djf.a fyda

cd;Hdka;r ixjrAOkh i|yd jq weursldkq tckaisfha (USAID) woyia jk nj fuhska m%ldY fkdfjz’ fuu uy.= lr;jHhg frdayk fygzgs wdrpzps uy;d’ ursks vs ,sfjzrd uy;aush yd cSjks ldrshjiuz iy;aush f.ka ,enqk iyh wm b;d w.h fldg i,luq’ mrsjrA;kfhka wmg iyh jQ cskdors mruisjuz uy;aushgo hqoaOfhka jsm;gm;a ldka;djkaf.a ix.ufha wiard kirA yd cdkls r;akdhl fukjshkag o udf.a jsfYaI ia;=;sh mqolrus’ f,djmqrd wiOdrkhg Mfrysj ke.SisgSug;a’ ;u Pk;djg wjxl fiajhla lsrSug;a ldka;djkaf.a Wkak;sh ioyd fiajh lsrsug;a Pk;djg jvd;a ,xjq md,k ;ka;%j, iy wfkal jso md,k ;ka;% j, ;SrK.kakd ugzguz j,g m;ajSug n,dfmdfrd;a;+ jk Wodr ldka;djka Wfoid msrskukakd jq ;s,sKhls” hqoaOfhka jsm;g m;ajq ldka;djkaf.a ix.uh m<uq fldgu fuu ldka;d foaYmd,k iyNd.S;aj m%jrAOk mqyqKq w;afmd; ieliSug nrmekska odhl jq weursld Mlai;a

Pkmofha jsfuka leuzfmaka bkagrAkeIk,a ^Women Campaign International) wdh;khg wmf.a yDohdx.u ia;+;sh mqo lruq’ jsfYaIfhkau Mys jHdmD;s ks,Odrsks os,aIsld chuy uy;aush f.ka ,enqKq iyh wm b;d w.h fldg i,luq” fuu ldka;d foaYmd,k iyNd.S;aj m%jrAOk mqyqKq w;afmd; ilid .ekSu ioyd iuzm;a odhl;ajh ieliq wdpdrAH ksu,ald m%kdkaoq uy;aush” ks;sS Ysrd,a ,la;s,l uy;d” kjdia fudfyduvz uy;d” Idusks fndhs,a uy;aush” Ma” jSrr;ak uy;auhd” frdngz l+Is;a uy;auhd wmf.a jsfYaI ia;+;sfhka ms\quz ,nhsX ;jo fuu w;afmd;g ,sms imhd woyia ,ndoqka 1325 lKavdhfuz idudPsldjkago fuu w;afmd; t,soelajSfuys,d b;d iqjsfYaIs fufyjrlska odhljq iajrAKd iqukfialr uy;aushg;a wmf.a f.!rjkSh ia;+;sh mqo lrkakg leue;af;uq”

;jo fuu mqyqKq w;afmd; bx.%sis NdIdjg mrsjrA;kh lsrsfuys,d iydh oelajq tuz t,a tuz uxiQrA uy;dg;a o%jsv NdIdfjka mrsjrA;kh ieliq fPks mruisjuz uy;aushg;a NdId mrsjrA;l jYfhka lghq;+ l, ta”wrA”tuzX bland,a uy;dg;a wmf.a wfkal jdr ia;+;sh mqo lruq” fuys wvx.+ ish,q oE mrs.Kl .;fldg ieliq wm ldrAhd,fha mrsmd,k ks<Odrsks rxPks fma%ur;ak fukjshf.ka jqk fiajh us,l, fkdyel” tfukau fuys ljrh ksrAudKh l, jdikd r;akdhl jHdmD;s ks<Odrskshgo kka whqrska iyh oelajq wm ldrAhd,fha yrAIksgo wmf.a ia;+;sh msrskefuz” fuu ish,q lghq;+ lsrSug ug ieuod Yla;sh ffOrAh fok udf.a ieushd jk fiduzkd;a mrejd uy;do ud fuz wjia:dfjz buy;a Nla;sfhka isysm;a lruS”

fuu w;afmd; ;u rfgs Wkak;sh fjkqfjka idOkSh fufyjrl fhoS isgsk iqjyila ldka;djkag Wmydrhlau fjzjd’

jsYdld OrAuodi

4

ye|skajSu

01’ ldka;djka foaYmd,khg msjsish hq;af;a wehs @

02’ kdhl;ajh

03’ WoafoaYKh

04’ udOH

05’ 13 jk jHjia:d ixfYdaOkh yd m<d;a md,k wdh;k

06’ m<d;a iNd m<d;amd,k wdh;k yd iajdOsk fldusIka

iNd 07’ udkj ysusluz m%cd;k;%jdoh yd hymd,kh 08 foaYmd,k jHdmdrhla f.dvk.d .kafka flfiao@ 09’ wruqo,a iuzmdokh 10’ iNd. .;jSu yd cd,.; jSu’ 11’ l%shdldrs ie,eiaula f.dvke.Su’

5

1 fjks oji 1 fjks oji 1 fjks oji 1 fjks oji 1 fjks1 fjks1 fjks1 fjks ieisjdrhieisjdrhieisjdrhieisjdrh ldka;djka foaYmd,khg msjsish hq;af;a wehs@ldka;djka foaYmd,khg msjsish hq;af;a wehs@ldka;djka foaYmd,khg msjsish hq;af;a wehs@ldka;djka foaYmd,khg msjsish hq;af;a wehs@ wruqKwruqKwruqKwruqK ---- ldka;djka foaYmd,khg il%Shj iyNd.sjSfuz wjYH;djh ms<sn|jldka;djka foaYmd,khg il%Shj iyNd.sjSfuz wjYH;djh ms<sn|jldka;djka foaYmd,khg il%Shj iyNd.sjSfuz wjYH;djh ms<sn|jldka;djka foaYmd,khg il%Shj iyNd.sjSfuz wjYH;djh ms<sn|j tys w;S;h” tys w;S;h” tys w;S;h” tys w;S;h” jrA;udkh;a” ta iu.Zu osia;%slalfha ;;ajhka ms<sn|j oekqu yd wjfndaOh ,ndoSuX jrA;udkh;a” ta iu.Zu osia;%slalfha ;;ajhka ms<sn|j oekqu yd wjfndaOh ,ndoSuX jrA;udkh;a” ta iu.Zu osia;%slalfha ;;ajhka ms<sn|j oekqu yd wjfndaOh ,ndoSuX jrA;udkh;a” ta iu.Zu osia;%slalfha ;;ajhka ms<sn|j oekqu yd wjfndaOh ,ndoSuX wka;rA.;hkawka;rA.;hkawka;rA.;hkawka;rA.;hka

• ldka;djka foaYmd,khg iyNd.s jsh hq;af;a wehs ms<sn|j oekqj;a lsrSula • Y%S ,dxlSh ldka;d foaYmd,kfha ft;sydisl m%jsIaGh • Y%S ,dxlSh ldka;d foaYmd,kfha jrA;udk ;;ajh îxLHd f,aLK iu.Z& • osia;%slalfha jrA;udk foaYmd,k ;;ajh

ld,hld,hld,hld,h ---- meh 3 hs l%uhl%uhl%uhl%uh ---- nqoaOs l,uznkh” foaYk” lKavdhuz idlpzPd wjYHfoa wjYHfoa wjYHfoa wjYHfoa ---- *a,sma pdrAgz” udrAlrA mEka weuqkquweuqkquweuqkquweuqkquzz zz w;a m;%sld 1- ldka;d foaYmd,k iyNd.s;ajh w;a m;%sld 2- ft;sydisl m%jsYagh w;a m;%sld 3- jrA;udk ;;ajh u. fmkajSuu. fmkajSuu. fmkajSuu. fmkajSu

• ldka;djka foaYmd,khg iyNd.s jsh hq;af;a wehs@ ^nqoaOs l,uznkh&jskdvs 15 • ldka;djka foaYmd,khg iyNd.s jsh hq;af;a wehs (^foaYkh - jskdvs 15& • l%Svdjla - ldka;d foaYmd,kfha us;Hdj yd h:drA:h ^jskdvs 15& • ft;sydisl m%jsYagh- bosrsm;a lsrSula ^jskdvs 30& • jrA;udk ;;a;ajh - bosrsm;a lsrSu ^jskdvs 30& • osia;%slalfha jrA;udk ;;a;ajh ms<sn|j ixLHd f,aLK bosrsm;a lsrSu ^jskdvs 15& • m%foaYfha ldka;d foaYmd,k iyNd.s;ajh m%jrAOkh ^meh 1& i|yd Wmdh udrA.

^lKavdhuz idlpzPd& ldka;ldka;ldka;ldka;djka foaYmd,khg msjsish hq;af;a wehs@djka foaYmd,khg msjsish hq;af;a wehs@djka foaYmd,khg msjsish hq;af;a wehs@djka foaYmd,khg msjsish hq;af;a wehs@ ^w;a m;%s^w;a m;%s^w;a m;%s^w;a m;%sld 1&ld 1&ld 1&ld 1& ol=Kq wdishdfjz rgj,ska ldka;djkaf.a cSjk ;;aj orAYlh by, ugzguskau ;sfnkafka ,xldfjz jqj;a ldka;djkaf.a foaYmd,k iyNd.s;ajh w;ska miqjkafka b;d my;a ugzgulghX 1931 irAj ck Pkao n,h ldka;djkgo ,enqKq w;r 4% l wdik ixLHdjla rdcH uka;%K iNdfjz ldka;djkg ,enqKq w;r 2008 wo ;;ajfha jevs fjkila ke;X tkuz mdrA,sfuzka;=fjz wo isgskafka 5.9 % ls’ ldka;djkaf.a foaYmd,k iyNd.s;ajh jrAOkh l,hq;= lreKq ldrKd rdYshlsX

6

1X Y%S ,xldfjz ck.yKfhka 52% la jkafka ldka;djkahX tfiau Pkao odhlhkaf.ka 56% la ldka;djkahX 2X ldka;djkaf.a iu iyNd.s;ajh rdcH m%;sm;a;Ska yd ikd: fldg we;X

• wdKavql%u l%u jHjia:dfjz 12 jk j.ka;sh ia;%S mqreI iudkd;au;djh yd udkj whs;sjdisluz ;yjqre lrhsX

• Y%S ,xldj w;aika lrk ,o cd;Hka;r iuzuq;Ska jsiska ia;%S mqreI iudkd;au;djh ;yjqre lrkq ,nhsX

• ldka;djkag tfrys jk ish,q wdldrfha jsIu;djhka ;=rka lsrSfuz tlai;a cd;Skaf.a iuzuq;sfha îSfvda& mqreIhskag iudk f,i ish,q ue;sjrK j,oS;a” cku; jspdrK j,oS;a Pkaoh m%ldY lsrSug yd uyck Pkaofhka f;dard m;a lr .ekSug iudk whs;sjdisluz ldka;djkg ;snsh hq;= hehs wjOdrKh lr we;X

• ldka;d m%dma;sfha cd;sl” m,d;a iNd yd m,d;amd,k wdh;k j, Pkao jsuiSfuzoS kdu fhdackd bosrsm;a lrk l%shdj,sfhaoS idOdrK ksfhdackhla ldka;djkg ,ensh hq;=hehs olajd we;X

3X hymd,kh hkq ldka;d iu iyNd.s;ajfhka ;SrK .ekSuhsX tys fiiq ,CIK jk jsksjso nj” j.lshk nj” mQrAK lsrSug ldka;d iyNd.s;ajh wjYHhX 4X fjkila we;s lsrSug yels kdhl;ajhla ksrAudKh l< yelafla ldka;d iyNd.s;ajfhksX jsksjso Ndjh ;=,ska iudc idrOrAu j,g wkqj m%cd;dka;%Sh jrAOkhla we;sl, yelafla ldka;djka foaYmd,k fCIa;%hg iuznkaO jqjfyd;a muKsX 5X ldka;d kdhl;aj .;s ,CIK fmkakquz lsrSug foaYmd,k iyNd.s;ajh wjia:dj,ndfoaX .%duSh ugzgfuz ius;s ixjsOdk j, idudcsl;ajh muKla fkdj iyNd.sjkakka f.kao jevs msrsila ldka;djkahX tu kdhl;aj jrAOkhg foaYmd,k iyNd.s;ajh w;aje,lsX 6X rfgz m%;sm;a;s ilia lsrSu fukau ta ms<sn|j ;Skaoq .kakd m%Odk jHqyhla jkafka fuu foaYmd,k wdh;khsX rfgz ck.yKfhka nd.hlg jvd ldka;djka msrsila isgsho” mdrA,sfuzkaa;=fjz ldka;d ksfhdackh wvqjSu fya;=fjka ia;%Ska fjkqfjka ;SrK .kq ,nkafka msrsuskahX ia;%Skaf.a wjYH;d” TzkE tmdluz okafka ia;%SkahX fuz ksid mdrA,sfuzka;=fjz jevs msrsila ldka;djka isgsh hq;=hX 7X m%dfoaYSh iNd u.ska wdjrKh lrk jsIhka fndfyduhla ldka;djkg jvd iuSmhX ikSmdrCIdj” mrsir ixrCIKh” \%rldNsjDoaO uOHia:dk kv;a;=j” mqia;ld, fiajd” ldka;djkg jvd ys;lr jsIhhkahX 8X ia;%S ksfhdackh m%udKd;aul njska jevsh muKla fkdj .=Kd;aul njskao Wiia jsh hq;=hX

7

ldka;djka foaYmd,hg m;alr .; hq;af;a wehs@ldka;djka foaYmd,hg m;alr .; hq;af;a wehs@ldka;djka foaYmd,hg m;alr .; hq;af;a wehs@ldka;djka foaYmd,hg m;alr .; hq;af;a wehs@ l%Svdjla l%Svdjla l%Svdjla l%Svdjla ldka;d foaYmd,kfha us;Hldka;d foaYmd,kfha us;Hldka;d foaYmd,kfha us;Hldka;d foaYmd,kfha us;Hdj yd h:drA:hdj yd h:drA:hdj yd h:drA:hdj yd h:drA:h

• fuu wNHdih ilialr we;af;a ldka;djkg foaYmd,khg bosrsm;a jSug we;s ndOdjka .ek iyNd.sjkakkag wjfndaOhla ,nd .ekSughX

• iyNd.sjkakkag ysia fld<hla fokak’ Tn jsiska fuys i|yka jels lshjkak’

tajdg tl.Zjkjd kuz “TjzTjzTjzTjz” hhs i|yka lrkak lshkakX ke;akuz “ke;ke;ke;ke;” hhs igyka lrk f,i olajkakX

• tfia jdlH j,g ;u woyia m%ldY l< miq tu W;a;r ms<sn|j idlpzPd lrkakX 1X kdhl;ajh iEujsgu msrsuska i;= jsh hq;=hX ^XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX& 2X ldka;djkaf.a mdruzmrsl N+usldjka fjkia l< yelshX ^XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX& 3X msrsuska yeu jsgu .eyeKqkag jvd ;rAldkql+,j is;hsX ^XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX& 4X ldka;djka kdhl;ajh ,nd.;a rgj, yeujsgu wjq,a iy.; ;;ajhla we;sjshX ^XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX& 5X ldka;d Pkao wfmaCIsldjkg yeujsgu ldka;djkaf.a Pkaoh ,nd .ekSu myiqhX ^XXXXXXXXXXXXXXX& 6X Y%S ,xldfjz ldka;d foaYmd,kh fu;ruz wju jS we;af;a tys wjYH;djh iudchg oekS fkdue;s fyhsks ^XXXXXXXXXXXXXX& 7X fjk;a rgj, fuka igkalduS ia;S%jdoS jHdmdrhla fkdue;sjSu ldka;d foaYmd,k iyNd.s;ajh wjujSug fya;=jshX ^XXXXXXXXXXXXXX& 8X ldka;djkaf.a f;jeoEreuz lghq;= iu.Z foaYmd,k cSjs;h idrA:lj f.k hd fkdyelsh’ ^XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX& 9X foaYmd,k mCI j, we;s mqreIdOsm;Hh ksid ldka;djkg kdu fhdackd fkd,enqK;a” ;r.Z lsrSug iqoqiqluz ,enQ ldka;djkaf.a ys.Zhla ke;’ ^XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX& 10X w;usg hyuska ke;akuz lemjSula ;snQ muKska ldka;djkag Pkaohla ch.%yKh l< fkdyelshX ^XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX& ft;sydisl m%jsYaghft;sydisl m%jsYaghft;sydisl m%jsYaghft;sydisl m%jsYagh yd jrA;udk ;;ajhyd jrA;udk ;;ajhyd jrA;udk ;;ajhyd jrA;udk ;;ajh ^w;a m;%Sld 2 iy 3&^w;a m;%Sld 2 iy 3&^w;a m;%Sld 2 iy 3&^w;a m;%Sld 2 iy 3& Y%S ,xldfjz hg;a jscs;hla njg m;ajS wjqreoq ishhla muK .;jk ;=reu ndysr foaYmd,k l%shdoduhka flfrA lemjqKq ldka;djka jsr,hX tfy;a b;sydifha ldka;d jSr prs; fndfyduhla .ek jxY l:dj, i|yka fjzX jsisjk ishjifha uq,a Nd.fhaoSu cd;sl ksoyia igk ms<sn|j woyia jHdma; jkakg mgka .;a ld,jljdkqfjz” bkaoshdfjzo n,mEu wkqj ldka;djka ;=,o foaYmd,k Woafhda.h u;=jSug mgka .kakd ,osX fuu wjOsh jkjsg fvdkfudarA wdKavq l%uh hgf;a Y%S ,dxlSh ck;djf.ka Pkao n,h ysusj ;snqfka;a foaYSh OfkaYajr mx;sfha iSus; msrsilg muKsX kuq;a tfia Pkao n,h ysusj ;snQ tu mjq,a j,u lsisoq ia;%shlg tu whs;sh ysusj fkd;snsKsX

8

fuu wjOsh ;=,u iudcfha fjk;a ;,j, msrsuskago Pkao whs;sh ,nd fouska n,h ijsu;a ysus msrsus mdrAYjh mq:Z,a l<;a lsisoq ia;%shlg tu wjia:dfjzoSj;a tu whs;sh ,nd fkdoqksXPkaoodhlfhl= jSfuz” kS;sHdkql+, iqoqiqluz ud,dfjz “ldka;djla fkdjsh hq;=hs” hk j.ka;sho m%Odk ldrKhla f,i we;=,a lr ;snsKsX mjqf,a wdodhuo Pkaoh mdjspsps lsrSug iqoqiqlula jYfhka lr ;snSfuka 1924 jHjia:dodhl iNdjg m;alrk jsg ,shd mosxps Pkao ixLHdj uq:Z ck.yKfhka 4% la jshX fuu ld, iSudj jk jsg wfma rfgz jsjsO ia:dk j, we;sfjuska ;snQ jsjsO luzlre wr., iy fjk;a rgj, ia;%Skaf.a Pkao” whs;sh i|yd ia;%Ska f.k .sh igka jHdmdr j, wdNdIfhkao Y%S ,dxlSh ia;%Ska ;u Pkao whs;sh fjkqfjka ixjsOdk .;fjuska Woaf>daIK jHdmdr j, fhoSug mgka .ekqKsX ia;%Ska ;u Pkao whs;sh ,ndfok f,ig b,a,uska jsjsO whf.a w;aika tl;= lr fvdkfudarA fldusiug ,sLs; m%ldYhla bosrsm;a l< nj i|yka fjhsX ia;%Skag Pkao n,h ,ndoSu iuznkaOfhka fvdkfudarA fldusiu ;=, mCIj yd jsmCIj woyia bosrsm;a jqKsX ldka;djka yd msrsuska f.k.sh igka jHdmdr j, m%;s:s,hla f,i 1913 oS wjqreoq 21 g jevs ish,q ldka;djkag yd msrsuskag Pkao n,h ,ndoSug isoqjshX fuh Y%S ,dxlSh foaYmd,k b;sydifha ia;%Ska ,enQ jsYd, ch.%yKhlsX uq,skau rdcH uka;%K iNdjg ldka;djka m;ajQfha 1931 oShX isxy, yd \%jsv ldka;djka fofofkla mdrA,sfuzka;=jg f;arS m;ajshX tu m%;sY;h 4% lsX 1936 oS tla ldka;djla f;arSm;a jQ w;r thska miq ue;sjrK j,oS ldka;djka mrdchg m;ajQ w;r 1947 jkf;lau rdcH uka;%K iNdfjz ia;%S ksfhdackhla fkd;snsKX m%:u mdrA,sfuzka;=fjz ksfhdac;hska 95 fokdf.ka ;sfofkla ldka;djka jshX Tjqka ;sfokdu jdudxYsl mCI ksfhdackh lrkq ,enQ whhsX mdrA,sfuzka;=j ;=, 1947-2004 w;r ue;sjrKh i|yd bosrsm;a jQ yd f;arS m;ajQ ksfhdacs;hska ue;sjrK jrAIh

ia;%S ixLHdj ia;%S wfmaCIlhska

m%;sY;h

f;arSm;a jQ ixLHdj

m%;sY;h

1947 03 1X1% 02 2X1% 1952 09 2X9% 02 2X1% 1956 05 2X1% 04 3X2% 1960 udrA;= 16 1X7% 03 1X9% 1960 cQ,s 05 1X3% 03 1X3% 1965 14 2X8% 0X6 2X6% 1970 14 3X2% 0X6 3X9% 1977 14 1X8% 14 4X8% 1989 52 3X0% 13 5X3% 1994 52 3X6% 12 5X3% 2000 09 4% 2004 375 6X6% 13 5X8% mdrA,sfuzka;=j ;=, ldka;d m%;sY;h 1947-2004 olajd jir 58 l ld,hla ;=, jevsjS we;af;a 2X7% lsksX

9

m,d;a iNdj, ldka;d ksfhdackh 1993-2004 olajd

m,d;

1993 1999 2004

.eyeKq msrsus .eyeKq msrsus .eyeKq msrsus niakdysr 7 97 2 102 6 98 W;=re ueo 4 32 1 33 1 32 jhU 3 49 3 48 4 48 W!j 0 34 1 31 1 33 uOHu 1 57 3 55 5 53 ol=K 2 53 1 54 1 54 iUr.uqj 1 43 1 42 1 42 uq:Z ixLHdj 18 365 12 365 19 361 % 4X7 95X3 3X2 96X8 5X0 95X0

1987 oS m<d;aiNd mk; hgf;a msysgqjkq ,enQ m<d;aiNd j, m%:u m<d;a iNd ue;sjrKh mj;ajkq ,enqfjz 1989 oShX 1987 oS uq:Z ldka;d wfmaCIl ixLHdj 54 la jQ w;r 1993 oS 73 la jshX tfia jqjo ksfhdack;ajfha idfmaCIl jevsjSula fmkakquz fkdflfrAX 1993 oS 18 la jQ ldka;d ksfhdakh 1999 jkjsg” 12 olajd wvqjS we;snj fmfkaX 2004 ue;sjrKfhaoS tys m%;sY;h 5% lsX jevsjSu isoqjS we;af;a b;du;a wvqfjksX m,d;a md,k wdh;k j, ldka;d ksfhdackh my; m< fjzX tu ixLHd f,aLK j,ska meyeos,s jkafka mdrA,sfuzka;=jg yd m<d;a iNdj,g jvd wvq ldka;d ksfhdackhlsX ldka;djka jevs msrsila mdrA,sfuzka;=jg hEug ukdm nj fmfkaX m,d;a md,k wdh;k j, ldka;d ksfhdackhm,d;a md,k wdh;k j, ldka;d ksfhdackhm,d;a md,k wdh;k j, ldka;d ksfhdackhm,d;a md,k wdh;k j, ldka;d ksfhdackh m,d;amd,k wdh;k l%u

jrAIh

uq:Z .Kk

ldka;djkaf.a ixLHdj

ldka;d m%;sY;h

uy k.r iNd 1979 176 5 2X8% 1982 233 3 1X3% 1991 207 6 2X9% 1997 261 9 3X4% 2006 330 10 3% kd.rsl iNd 1979 305 7 2X3% 1982 347 6 1X7% 1991 241 6 2X5% 1997 340 9 2X6% 2006 379 13 3X4% m%dfoaYSh iNd 1991 2674 42 1X6% 1997 3192 55 1X7% 2006 3242 51 1X6%

10

Women’s Representation in Local Governance

Local Government Election 10th

February 2018

District

Elected member

through ward

Selected members from

PR

Colombo 54 84

Gampaha 28 116

Kaluthara 33 68

Kandy 28 120

Mathale 18 43

Nuwara Eliya 26 39

Galle 32 68

Matara 27 58

Hambantota 16 45

Jaffna 21 68

Kilinochchi 4 11

Manner 3 16

Vavuniya 4 20

Mullaitivu 4 12

Batticaloa 8 49

Ampara 26 63

Trincomalee 7 32

Kurunagala 45 104

Puttalam 16 54

Anuradhapura 31 57

Polonnaruwa 9 30

Badulla 24 66

Monaragala 13 32

Rathnapura 32 68

Kegalle 26 61

Total

535

1384

Source: From Election Commission

11

2 fjks ieisjdrh 2 fjks ieisjdrh 2 fjks ieisjdrh 2 fjks ieisjdrh kdhl;ajh kdhl;ajh kdhl;ajh kdhl;ajh wruqK wruqK wruqK wruqK ---- ldka;d foaYmd,k kdhl;aj jrAOkh i|yd kdhl;ajh hkq l=ulao .;s ldka;d foaYmd,k kdhl;aj jrAOkh i|yd kdhl;ajh hkq l=ulao .;s ldka;d foaYmd,k kdhl;aj jrAOkh i|yd kdhl;ajh hkq l=ulao .;s ldka;d foaYmd,k kdhl;aj jrAOkh i|yd kdhl;ajh hkq l=ulao .;s ,CIK yd foaYmd,k kdhl;ajhka f.dv ke.Su ms<sn| oekqu iy l=,CIK yd foaYmd,k kdhl;ajhka f.dv ke.Su ms<sn| oekqu iy l=,CIK yd foaYmd,k kdhl;ajhka f.dv ke.Su ms<sn| oekqu iy l=,CIK yd foaYmd,k kdhl;ajhka f.dv ke.Su ms<sn| oekqu iy l=i,;d jrAOkh i,;d jrAOkh i,;d jrAOkh i,;d jrAOkh lsrSuX lsrSuX lsrSuX lsrSuX wka;rA.;hka wka;rA.;hka wka;rA.;hka wka;rA.;hka

• kdhl;ajh hkq l=ulao@ • kdhl;aj .;s ,CIK • foaYmd,kh i|yd ldka;d kdhl;ajh f.dv kexjSu • ikaksfjzok l=i,;d jrAOkh

ld,hld,hld,hld,h ---- meh 03 hsmeh 03 hsmeh 03 hsmeh 03 hs l%uh l%uh l%uh l%uh ---- nqoaOs l,uznkh” foaYk” lKavdhuz idlpzPd” mqyqKq lsrSuz wjYHfoawjYHfoawjYHfoawjYHfoa ---- *a,sma pdrAgz “ udrAlrA mEka weuqkquweuqkquweuqkquweuqkquzz zz w;a m;%sld 1 - kdhl;ajh hkq l=ulao@ w;a m;%sld 2 - kdhl;aj .;s ,CIK w;a m;%sld 3 - foaYmd,k kdhl;ajhla f.dv ke.SuX u.Z fmkajSu u.Z fmkajSu u.Z fmkajSu u.Z fmkajSu

• kdhl;ajh hkq l=ulao@ ^nqoaOs l,uzkh&jskdvs 30 hs • kdhl;ajh hkq l=ulao@ ^foaYkh& jskdvs 30hs • foaYmd,kh i|yd ldka;d kdhl;ajh f.dv ke.Su ^lKavdhuz l%shdldrluz& meh

1 hs • kdhl;aj .;s ,CIK îdlpzPdjla& jskdvs 30 hs • f,dalfha ldka;d foaYmd,k kdhsldjka jskdvs 30 hs îdlpzPdjla&

kdhl;ajh hkq l=ulao@kdhl;ajh hkq l=ulao@kdhl;ajh hkq l=ulao@kdhl;ajh hkq l=ulao@ ^w;a m;%sld 1&^w;a m;%sld 1&^w;a m;%sld 1&^w;a m;%sld 1& kdhl;ajh hkqfjka ksrAjpkh jS we;af;a tla mqoa.,fhla fmdoq wruqKla bIag lr .ekSu i|yd mqoa.,hska lKavdhulg flfrk n,mEuz l%shdj,shla jYfhksX kdhlhska n,j;a ia:dk j, jecfUzX Tjqkg wkq.duslhska isgSX tfiau wfkla whgo n,mEuz l,yelshX hula lrjd .ekSug yelshdj ;sfnzX fuz wkqj kdhl;ajh iqjsfYaIS ;;ajhlsX tfiau kdhl;aj .;s ,CIK .eko wm wid we;X “ Tyq Wm;skau kdhlfhls”, “weh iajNdjfhkau kdhlfhls”. hk lshuka we;X kdhl;ajh i|yd wkq.duslhka msrsilao” wruqKla fyda wruqKq lSmhla ;snsh yelshX kdhlhska fldgia 2 lsX ;uka orK ;;ajh wkqj jk kdhl;ajh yd u;=jS tk kdhl;ajhhsX m<jk fldgig lKavdhuz kdhlhska” fomdrA;fuzka;= m%OdkSka” wOHCIljreka WodyrK f,i oelajsh yelshX lKavdhul n,mEula l,yels

12

mqoa.,hd u;=jS tk kdhlhd jYfhka yeoskafjzX Tyqf.a prAhdjka fiiq wh ms<s.; hq;=hX Tyqf.a fm!reI;ajho fuu lemS fmfkk kdhl;ajhg fya;= idOlhla fjhsX n,h yd kdhl;ajh tlsfklg iuznkaOhX n,h hkq n,mEuz lsrSug flfkl=g we;s yelshdjka yd Yla;SkahX fjkia whf.a jsYajdi wdl,am flfrA n,mEug yels mqoa.,hd” n,i;= mqoa.,fhla jYfhka ie,flaX weu;sjreka” ffjoHjreka .=rejreka fuhg WodyrKhsX n,h mia jeoEruz fjzX tajd kuz :- 1X WmfoaYk n,h - Wmfoia oSu i|yd we;s n,hhsX 2X taldOsm;s n,h - n,fhka md,kh lsrSu 3X kS;Hdkql+, n,h - ;k;=re ksid we;s jQ n,h 4X fm!reI;ajh ksid ,efnk n,h - wka wh ;uka fj; fhduq lr .kakdwlrAIKSh n,h 5X jsfYaIK n,h - huz jsIhhla ms<sn|j m%.=K;ajh ksid ,efnk n,h fuu n,hka ork whg wfkla flfkl=f.a wdl,am prAhdjka yd jgskdluz fjkia lsrSug Yla;Ska we;s fjzX n,h Tjqkaf.a wjYH;djhka bgqlr .kakd fuj,ulsX wddodhlhd fjkila we;slr .ekSu i|yd n,h mdjspzps lrhsX ovZqjuz yd m%;s,dN ,ndoSu Wml%uYS,Sj l%shd lrhsX wefvd,a*a ysgz,rA fuhg WodyrKhsX tfy;a kdhlhska .ek l;d lsrSfuzoS Tjqka wdorAYu;a kdhlhska f,i fkdi,lhsX Tjqka ;udf.a wNsu:drA;hka bIag lr .ekSug jskd wdh;khl wruqKq bIag lr .ekSu .ek fkdis;hsX kdhl;aj ffY,Ska kdhl;aj ffY,Ska kdhl;aj ffY,Ska kdhl;aj ffY,Ska

• taldOsm;s kdhl;aj ffY,sh • m%cd;ka;%jdoS kdhl;aj ffY,sh • WodiSk$wl%Sh kdhl;aj ffY,sh

taldOsm;s kdhlhd taldOsm;s kdhlhd taldOsm;s kdhlhd taldOsm;s kdhlhd

• ;u is;e.sZ wkqj lKavdhu fufyjhsX • ;u wfmaCIld bIag lr .ekSug fiiaika yiqrejhsX • lKavdhfuz fiiaikaf.a woyia fkdjsuihsX • fiiaikaf.a olaI;d l=i,;d ksrAudKYS,s f,i fhdod .ekSug iydh fkdolajhsX • ;u wKil oevsj l%shd;aul lrhsX • tfia lghq;= lsrSfuzoS fiiaika ;=, we;sjk ps;a; mSvd lsis f,ilskq;a i,ld

fkdn,hsX m%cd;ka;%jdoS kdhlhdm%cd;ka;%jdoS kdhlhdm%cd;ka;%jdoS kdhlhdm%cd;ka;%jdoS kdhlhd

• iuzm;a ukd f,i y|qkd f.k wka whf.a jeo.;a woyia ,ndf.k lghq;= lsrSu isoqlrhsX

• bgq lsrSug we;s ldrAhh i|yd j.lSuz fnod oSuX • ;u woyia l%shd;aul lsrSug jvd idlpzPd udrA.fhka bosrsm;a jk lreKq j,g

uq,a;ek oSuX • fiiq idudcslhskaf.a ksrAudKYS,S l=i,;d biau;= fldg l%shd;aul lsrSug bv

i,ihsX

13

• wka wh md,kh fkdlrhsX Tjqkag ksoyia f,i lghq;= lsrSug bv ie,fiaX

WodiSk kdhlhdWodiSk kdhlhdWodiSk kdhlhdWodiSk kdhlhd

• ;u ldrAh ms<sn|j lemjSula ke;X • lKavdhfuz wruqK bgqlr .ekSug uy;ajQ n,dfmdfrd;a;= ;nd ke;X • wka wh flfrys n,dfmdfrd;a;= ;nhsX • lKavdhfuz fiiq idudcslhskaf.a yelshdjka ms<sn|j Wkkaoqjla fkd.kSX • lKavdhfuz fiiq whf.a ukdmh wkqj lghq;= lsrSfuzoS ukd l<uKdldrs;ajhla

isoq fkdlrhsX • ;udf.a kdhl;ajh wNsnjd fiiaika u;=fjzX

kdhl;aj .;s ,CIK kdhl;aj .;s ,CIK kdhl;aj .;s ,CIK kdhl;aj .;s ,CIK ^w;a m;%sld 2&^w;a m;%sld 2&^w;a m;%sld 2&^w;a m;%sld 2& kdhl;ajhg ;=vqfok .;s ,CIK jYfhka ms<sf.k we;af;a nqoaOsu;alu” wOsIaGdkYS,s nj” wjxlulu” iykYS,S nj wdoshhsX fuu .;s ,CIK we;s ;eke;a;d iudcfha jsfYaIs; mqoa.,fhla njg m;afjzX oekSu yd yelshdjo kdhl;ajhg wjYH l=i,;d jYfhka .Kka .efkaX fuz wkqj kdhl;aj l=i,;djh flfkl=g jrAOkh lr.; yelsfjzX fuu l=i,;d” ;dCIK” udkj yd ixl,amkd;aul jYfhka fjkalr oelajsh yelshX ;dCIKh hkq huz jsIhhla ms<sn|j we;s oekqu yd wjfndaOhhsX udkj l=i,;d hkq mqoa.,hska iu.Z jev lsrSug we;s yelshdjkahX ,sjSug” l:sl;ajhg” flfkl=g weyquzlkaoSug “ ikaksfjzokh lsrSug we;s yelshdjka udkj l=i,;djhka jYfhka yeoskafjzX ixl,amkd;aul l=i,;d jYfhka oelafjkafka jev lrk ia:dkfha wruqK lrd ,.ZdjSug we;s wdldrh ms<sn|j mqoa.,hska ;=, we;s woyiahX wdh;k i|yd oelaula yd udrA.sl ie,eiaula ilia lsrSug” l%shd;aul lsrSug we.hSug yd miqjsmruz lsrSug yels l=i,;djhkahX ldka;djkaa yd msrsuskaf.a kdhl;aj .;s ,CIK” jsurAYKh lsrSfuzoS meyeos,s jkafka Tjqka fomsrsi w;r kdhl;aj yeisrSuz ms<sn|j fjkila fkdue;s njhX fomCIhu m%;sM,odhl f,i lghq;= lrhsX jev lrk ia:dkfha j.lSuz mejrSu” /lshdfjz oshqKqj” n,h wOsldrsh” ms<sn|j l:d lsrSfuzoS ia;%S mqreI fNaohla olakg fkdue;X wruqKq lrd hEu” wruqKq idCId;a lsrSug we;s yelshdjka fomCIhgu fmdoqhX tfy;a ixialD;suh fya;+ka ksid mqreIhska kdhlhska jYfhka iudch ms<s.kSX fmrg jvd ldka;djka” wdh;k j, kdhl;ajh oerejo iudk wjia:djka ,nd .ekSug ld,hla .;jkq we;X ldka;djka jvd;a taldOsm;s;;ajhg jvd iyNd.s;aj l<ukdlrK l%uhka wkq.ukh lrhsX foaYmd,k kdhl;ajh ,nd .ekSu i|yd kdhl;aj .;s ,CIK we;s ldka;djka mqyqKq l,hq;=hX

foaYmd,k kdhl;ajhla f.dv ke.SuX foaYmd,k kdhl;ajhla f.dv ke.SuX foaYmd,k kdhl;ajhla f.dv ke.SuX foaYmd,k kdhl;ajhla f.dv ke.SuX ^w;a m;%sld 3&^w;a m;%sld 3&^w;a m;%sld 3&^w;a m;%sld 3& 1X foaYmd,k lghq;= j,g we;s keUqrej yd ta i|yd we;s leue;a;X 2X foia jsfoia foaYmd,k lghq;= ms<sn|j oekqj;a nj – oekqu hdj;a ld,Sk lr .ekSuX 3X ixjsOdk .;jSu - m%cd ugzgfuz ius;s iud.uz j, kdhl;ajh oerSu yd ta ;=,ska m%cdj fj; hEuX 4X m%cdj ;=, ms<s.ekSula we;s lsrSu - fkdfhl=;a rdcH yd rdcH fkdjk ixjsOdk j, lghq;= j,g iyNd.sjSfuka ldka;djkaf.a wdrA:sl yd idudcsl yd ixialD;suh wjYH;djhka ms<sn|j l%shd lsrSuX 5X m%foaYfha ixjrAOk lghq;= j,g iyNd.sjSuX

14

6X m%cdfjz TzkE tmdluz y|qkd .ekSu yd ta ms<sn|j m%dfoaYSh f,aluzg m%dfoaYSh iNdjg foaYmd,k ksfhdacs;hskg lreKq bosrsm;a lsrSuX 7X mqoa.,hska yd wdh;k iu.Z iqy|j idrA:lj lghq;= lsrSfuz yelshdjX 8X m%cd lghq;= j,g iyNd.SjSu - ux.,H” wjux.,H W;aij iy fmdoq lghq;= j,g iyNd.SjSuX 9X ;uka idudcsl;ajh orK mCIfha ixjsOdhl iu.Z lsgsgq iuznkaO;djhla meje;ajSu – m,df;a ck;d ksfhdacs;hska iy foaYmd,khska iu.Z iuSm iuznkaO;djhla mj;ajd .ekSuX 10X l;sl;ajh - TzkEu jsIhla ms<sn|j l;d lsrSug we;s yelshdjX 11X;u lghq;= ms<sn|j udOH ;=,ska m%pdrkh ,nd .ekSuX 12X uq,Huh Yla;sh jevsoshqKq lsrSu ms<sn|j l%shdlsrSu - wruqo,la f.dv ke.SuX 13X cd,.;jSu iy ixjsOdkh m%p,s; lsrSuX ixjsOdk jHqyh ilia lr .ekSu i|yd jk igyk fuhg wuqKd we;X ixjsOdk jHqyhixjsOdk jHqyhixjsOdk jHqyhixjsOdk jHqyh m%%dX ixjsOdk cd, ius;s ixjsOdk cd, ius;s ixjsOdk l=vd lKavdhuz

cd;sl ixjsOdkh

osia;%sla ixjsOdk tl;=j

m%cdj

15

2 fjks oji2 fjks oji2 fjks oji2 fjks oji

3 fjks ieisjdrh3 fjks ieisjdrh3 fjks ieisjdrh3 fjks ieisjdrh WoafoaYKh WoafoaYKh WoafoaYKh WoafoaYKh wruqK 1wruqK 1wruqK 1wruqK 1 ---- iudcSh .eg,q ms<asn| iqNjdoS fjkila we;s iudcSh .eg,q ms<asn| iqNjdoS fjkila we;s iudcSh .eg,q ms<asn| iqNjdoS fjkila we;s iudcSh .eg,q ms<asn| iqNjdoS fjkila we;s lsrSu i|yd n,mEuz lsrSug lsrSu i|yd n,mEuz lsrSug lsrSu i|yd n,mEuz lsrSug lsrSu i|yd n,mEuz lsrSug wjYH l%ufjzohka ms<sn|j wjfndaOhla ,ndoSuX wjYH l%ufjzohka ms<sn|j wjfndaOhla ,ndoSuX wjYH l%ufjzohka ms<sn|j wjfndaOhla ,ndoSuX wjYH l%ufjzohka ms<sn|j wjfndaOhla ,ndoSuX wruqK 11 wruqK 11 wruqK 11 wruqK 11 ---- ldka;djka n,mEuz lKavdhula jYfhka l%shd lsrSug wjYH fm<UjSuX ldka;djka n,mEuz lKavdhula jYfhka l%shd lsrSug wjYH fm<UjSuX ldka;djka n,mEuz lKavdhula jYfhka l%shd lsrSug wjYH fm<UjSuX ldka;djka n,mEuz lKavdhula jYfhka l%shd lsrSug wjYH fm<UjSuX wka;rA.;hka wka;rA.;hka wka;rA.;hka wka;rA.;hka

• WoafoaYKh hkq l=ulao@ • WoafoaYKh i|yd m%Yakh • b,lal lKavdhuz y|qkd .ekSu • iuSCIK meje;ajSu • iNd.hla msysgqjd .kafka flfiao@ • mKsjsvh ilia lsrSuX • l%shd;aul jSuX

ld,h meh ld,h meh ld,h meh ld,h meh - 03 hs l%uhl%uhl%uhl%uh ---- nqoaOs l,uznkh” foaYk” lKavdhuz idlpzPd wjYHfoa wjYHfoa wjYHfoa wjYHfoa ---- *a,sma pdrAgz” udrAlrA mEka weuqkquzweuqkquzweuqkquzweuqkquz w;a m;%sld 1 - WoafoaYKh ms<sn| cd;Hdka;r ldka;d jHdmdrfha w;a fmd; Âdvocacy manual of Women’s Campaign International) u.Z fmkajSu ^frdngz l+Isx uy;df.a bosrsm;a lsrSu weiqfrka

• WoafoaYKh hkq l=ulao@ ^nqoaOs l,uznkh&jskdvs 30 • WoafoaYKh hkq l=ulao@ - ^foaYkh& jskdvs 15 • WoafoaYKh i|yd m%Yakh y|qkd .ekSu ^foaYKh& jskdvs 15 • WoafoaYKh i|yd b,lal lKavdhuz y|qkd .ekSu- ^foaYkh&jskdvs 15 • WoafoaYKh i|yd iuSCIK meje;ajSu- ^foaYkh&jskdvs 30 • WoafoaYKh i|yd mKsjsvh ilia lsrSuX ^foaYkh&- jskdvs 30 • isoaOs wOHhkh- jskdvs 45

WoafoaYK ms<sn| cd;Hka;r ldka;dWoafoaYK ms<sn| cd;Hka;r ldka;dWoafoaYK ms<sn| cd;Hka;r ldka;dWoafoaYK ms<sn| cd;Hka;r ldka;d jHdmdrfha w;a fmjHdmdrfha w;a fmjHdmdrfha w;a fmjHdmdrfha w;a fmd; ^w;a m;s%ldd; ^w;a m;s%ldd; ^w;a m;s%ldd; ^w;a m;s%ld1&1&1&1& 1X WoafoaYKh hkq l=ulao@1X WoafoaYKh hkq l=ulao@1X WoafoaYKh hkq l=ulao@1X WoafoaYKh hkq l=ulao@ tys wrA:htys wrA:htys wrA:htys wrA:h WoafoaYKh hkq huzlsis m%Yakhla fyda whs;sjdislula ,nd .ekSug ;SrK .kakdjqka fhduq lsrSu i|yd ixjsOdkh jqKq mqrjeishka jsiska WmdhYS,sj fmd<Ujk l%shdoduhlsX

16

WoafoaYKfha wjia:djkaWoafoaYKfha wjia:djkaWoafoaYKfha wjia:djkaWoafoaYKfha wjia:djka 1X Tnf.a lreK y|qkd .1X Tnf.a lreK y|qkd .1X Tnf.a lreK y|qkd .1X Tnf.a lreK y|qkd .ekSuekSuekSuekSu

• lreK y|qkd .ekSu • .eg,qj wrA: .ekajSu • ms<s;=re y|qkd .ekSu • wjOdkuz flfrys ys; fhduq lsrSu • wruqK iy wNsu;drA: f.dvk.d .ekSu

2X Tnf.a b,lal y|qkd.ekSu2X Tnf.a b,lal y|qkd.ekSu2X Tnf.a b,lal y|qkd.ekSu2X Tnf.a b,lal y|qkd.ekSu

• uQ,sl • fojkq • ndOd iy iuznkaOjkakka y|qkd.ekSuX

3X iuSlaCIKfha fhfokak3X iuSlaCIKfha fhfokak3X iuSlaCIKfha fhfokak3X iuSlaCIKfha fhfokak 4X iNd. f.dv k.kak4X iNd. f.dv k.kak4X iNd. f.dv k.kak4X iNd. f.dv k.kak 5X mKsjsv5X mKsjsv5X mKsjsv5X mKsjsvfha wrgqj f.dv k.d.kakfha wrgqj f.dv k.d.kakfha wrgqj f.dv k.d.kakfha wrgqj f.dv k.d.kak 6X l%shd;aul jSu6X l%shd;aul jSu6X l%shd;aul jSu6X l%shd;aul jSu

• uyck;djg oekqu ,ndfok oekqj;a lrk jevms<sfj,la l%shd;aul lrkak • /iajSuz • fm;aiuz • jsfrdaO;d /,s • ;SrK .kakd wh iu.Z n, lsrSfuz /iajSuz ^f,dns lsrSu&

7X f,dns lsrSu7X f,dns lsrSu7X f,dns lsrSu7X f,dns lsrSu 11X Tnf.a fmdoq m%;sm;a;s lreKq y|qkd .ekSu11X Tnf.a fmdoq m%;sm;a;s lreKq y|qkd .ekSu11X Tnf.a fmdoq m%;sm;a;s lreKq y|qkd .ekSu11X Tnf.a fmdoq m%;sm;a;s lreKq y|qkd .ekSu Tnf.a m%Tnf.a m%Tnf.a m%Tnf.a m%Yakh y|qkd .ekSuYakh y|qkd .ekSuYakh y|qkd .ekSuYakh y|qkd .ekSu m%;sm;a;suh l%shdjla wjYH lrk m%Yakhla y|qkd .ekSu u.ska l%shdoduh wdruzN fjzX tkuz rcfha ueosy;ajSu ;=,ska jsiosh yels m%YakhlaX WodyrK j,g we;=,;a fjzX

• ldka;djkag whs;s jHdmdr j,g ;u jHdmdr lghq;= lr .ekSug myiq lsrSuX • idrOrAu j,g mgyeks ;u jHdmdr lghq;= lr .ekSug myiq lsrSuX • jHdmdr lghq;= lrf.k hEug f;dr;=re ,nd.; yelsjSuX • ldka;djka we;=,;a jkfia bvuz ysusluz mk; ixfYdaokh lsrSuX

fmdoq m%;sm;a;s m%Yakhla f;dard .ekSfuzoS weish hq;= m%Yak: 1X fuu m%Yakh ldf,daps;o@

;SrK .kakd jqka oekgu;a fuz m%Yakh iuznkaOj is; fhduqlr we;ehs is;Sug ijsu;a idCIs ;sfnzo@

M,odhs l%shdjla lsrSu i|yd kj wjia:d we;ao@ 2X ie,lsh hq;= vk fldgilg iqjsfYaIs jQ m%Yakhla ;sfnzo@ 3X fuu m%Yakh usksiqkag we;a;gu .eg,qjla jS ;sfnzo@ 4X Tng b,lal lr.; yels fuu m%Yakhg iuznkaO rcfha wdh;khla ;sfnzo@ 5X Tng oskkak mq”:Zjkao@

17

6X ck;djg fm<UjSug fuu m%Yakhg yelshdj ;sfnzo@ fuu m%Yakh iuznkaOj ie,ls,a,la olajk usksiqka f.dvla isgskjdo@ ck;djg fuu m%Yakh ;oskau oefkkjdo@

7X idudkH ck;djg fuh f;areuz .ekSug mq:Zjkao@ 8X fuu m%Yakh jsi|Q miq Tnf.a m%;s,dNSkaf.a cSjk ;;ajh k.d isgqfjhso@ 9X fuu m%Yakh jsioSug fld;ruz uqo,la jehfjzo@ ûdkj iy uqo,a iuzm;a& Tnf.a m%Yakh y|qkd .ekSuTnf.a m%Yakh y|qkd .ekSuTnf.a m%Yakh y|qkd .ekSuTnf.a m%Yakh y|qkd .ekSu m%Yakh jsioSfuzoS uqyqKoSug jk foa j,ska tlla jkafka .eg,qjg ms<s;=re iemhSuhsX WodyrK:

• ldka;d jHjidhlhkag wruqo,a j, we;s ys.Zlu • mg,jk ,o jHdmdr ,shdmosxps l%shdoduh • bvuz ,ndoSug we;s yelshdj • ffk;sl iuzm;a j,g we;s whs;ssh m%;sm;a;suh WoafoaYKh iuznkaOfhka .eg,qjg kS;sh” rcfha m%;sm;a;s” rcfha fr.=,dis fyda rcfha l%shdmgsmdgsluz iuyrla o fjkia jSug Ndckh lsrSug isoqfjzX m%Yakh y|qkd .ekSfuzoS ms,sm%Yakh y|qkd .ekSfuzoS ms,sm%Yakh y|qkd .ekSfuzoS ms,sm%Yakh y|qkd .ekSfuzoS ms,s;=re iemhsh hq;= m%Yak;=re iemhsh hq;= m%Yak;=re iemhsh hq;= m%Yak;=re iemhsh hq;= m%Yak:

1X m%Yakh ;sfhkafka ldgo@ usksiqka lSfofkl=go@ 2X ta wh isgskafka fldfyao@ 3X m%Yakh fldpzpr l,la n,mj;ajd ;sfnzo@ 4X th .eg,qjla hehs Tn okafka flfiao@ 5X fuu m%Yakh fkdjsi|jSfuka Woa.; jk ;;ajh l=ulao@ 6X m%Yakh lrd hEug Tn wdh;kh iqoqiqjkafka wehs@ Tnf.a jsioqu y|qkd .ekSuTnf.a jsioqu y|qkd .ekSuTnf.a jsioqu y|qkd .ekSuTnf.a jsioqu y|qkd .ekSu jsi|qu jkafka .eg,qj wrAO jYfhka jsioSug Tn fok fhdackd fyda ksrAfoaYX WodyrK:

fiajdodhlhkag myiq jkfia jHdmdr ,shdmosxpsh ilia lsrsuX oekgu;a mj;sk kS;s l%shd;aul lrkq jia mdrA,sfuzka;=j iu.Z fyda thg

f,dns lsrSuX m%Yakh jsioSug fudk l%shdudrA.hla .;hq;=o@ - kj kS;shla fyda fr.=,dishla iuzu; lr .ekSu wjYHo@ oekg kS;shla fyda fr.=,dishla ixfYdaokhla lr.; hq;=fjzo@ tfia;a ke;akuz mj;sk kS;sh fyda fr.=,dish l%shd;aul lrjSu wjYHo@ Tnf.a jsi|qu f.dv k.d .ekSfuzoS ie,ls,a,g .;hq;= lrKq:

jsi|qu fidhd hEfuz thg wka whf.a iyho ,enqKso@ Tn th jsjsOdldrjQ whg .e,fmk fia jsia;rd;aulj ,sLs; igyka ;enqfjz@ Tnf.a jsi|qu h:drA:jdoS f,i f.dv ke.=Kq iuSCIKfha fidhd .;a f;dr;=re

Ndjs;hg f.k ;sfnzo@ th bosrshg f.k yd yelso@

18

wjOdku .eku is; fhduq lrkakwjOdku .eku is; fhduq lrkakwjOdku .eku is; fhduq lrkakwjOdku .eku is; fhduq lrkak .eg,qj iy jsi|qu meyeos,sj y|qkd .;a miq WoafoaYK jHdmdrfha we;s wjOdku iuznkaOj is; fhduq l, hq;=hX lreKla biau;= lrf.k fmdoq m%;sm;a;s jsi|qula i|yd WoafoaYKh lsrSfuz wfmaCIs; jsi|qu fkd,enSfuz wjOdku mj;sSX WodyrK jYfhka mdrsirsl ixfjzoS nsuz fldgil m%udKh jevs lsrSug hehs b,a,SfuzoS fuu nsuz fldgfika wdrA:sl jdis ,nd .ekSug n,d isgskakjqka fuu ixjdoh ;=,u rsx.d ;udf.a wdrA:sl jdis ,nd .kq jia oekgu;a we;s bvuz fldgi m%udKfhka jevs ksid wvq lsrSug b,a,Suz lsrSfuz wjOdkhg ,lajsh yelX WoafoaYlhkag iEujsglu ixjdofha .uka u.Z md,kh l, fkdyelX tu ksiddu fidhk jsi|qfuz krl m%;sm,hla fyd| m%;sm,hlg jvd jevsfjz hehs hk wjOdkuo we;X jHdmdrh osh;a lsrSug fmr fuu wjOdkh iqmrSCIdldrsj iy wjxlj uek .;hq;=j we;X Tnf.a wruqK f.dvk.d .ekSu” wjYH;djh iy wNsu:drA:Tnf.a wruqK f.dvk.d .ekSu” wjYH;djh iy wNsu:drA:Tnf.a wruqK f.dvk.d .ekSu” wjYH;djh iy wNsu:drA:Tnf.a wruqK f.dvk.d .ekSu” wjYH;djh iy wNsu:drA: 1X wruqK 1X wruqK 1X wruqK 1X wruqK wruqK jkdys Tnf.a wdh;kh oSrA> ld,Skj idlaCId;a lr .ekSug hk m%;s,dN j, mq:Z,a m%ldYkhlsX usKsh fkdyels th mq:Z,a jQ ;rugu wruqK uekSug wiSre jk w;ru idudkHfhka tla jHdmD;shla u.ska idCId;a lr .ekSug fyda tla jHdmD;shlg f.dkq lsrSugo l, fkdyelX wruqKq m%ldYKfhka l,hq;af;a Tnf.a wdh;kfha ish,qu m%h;akhkaf.a u.Z yd idudkH wruqK iuznkaOj fydodldrj wjfndaOhla ,ndoSuhsX fuu jevigyk Tn wdh;kh jsiska l,hq;af;a ukao hk m%Yakhg wruqK jsiskau ms<s;=re iemhsh hq;=hX wruqK tla jdlHhla muKla jsh hq;=hX 2X mrudrA:h2X mrudrA:h2X mrudrA:h2X mrudrA:h fuu jHdmD;sh idCId;a lr .kak hkafka l=ulao hkak meyeos,sj jsia;r lrk ir, m%ldYkhlsX Wod: jYfhka jHdmD;sh wjidkfha l=ula jkafkao@ jHdmD;sh ;=,ska Tn lrk ish,q foa fuu mrudrA:h idlaCId;a lr.ekSu Wfoid l,hq;=j we;X WoafoaYK mrudrA:hl wruqK jkafka m%;sm;a;s” jevigyka fyda rdcH wdh;k j, iuzu;hka fjkia lsrSuhsX tla wdh;khlg ord .;yels iqjsfYaI jQ l%shdjla iuznkaOj m%;sm;a;s WoafoaYK mrudrA:h b,lal jsh hq;=hsX WoafoaYK mrudrA:hla f;dard .kakd jsg foaYmd,k jd;djrKh ch.%yKh lsrSfuz yelshdj iuSCIK iy tu lreK iuznkaOj we;s o;a; Tnf.a WoafoaYK l%shdoduhg we;s uqo,a Tnf.a wdh;kfha Odrs;dj iy Tfnz yelshdjka iuznkaOj is;sh hq;=hX 3X wruqK3X wruqK3X wruqK3X wruqK jevigyka b,lalhla fuka fkdj wruqK jkafka ^m%;sm,& Tnf.a wdh;kfha jevigyka j,ska ,efnk ueksh yels ksYaps; M,hhsX jevigykl n,mEu ueksh yels ksrAKdhlh jkafka wruqKhsX tuksidu iEu wruqKlau .=Kd;aulNdjh m%udKh iy wjidkfha jevigyk ;snsh hq;= ia:dkh ms<sn|j ksYaps; jsh hq;=hsX jev igyfka b,lalh iy .eg,q m%ldYkhg wruqK iajNdjslj iy h:drA:j iuznkaO jsh hq;=hsX Tn wdh;kh .eg,q m%ldYkfha jsia;r lrk ;;ajfha ksYaps; iy ueksh yels fjkialuz wruqKhsX th iuzmQrAK fjkila jsh hq;=hsX ^huzlsis fohla ksrAudKh lsrSfuka fyda msysgqjSfuka& idfmaCI fjkiajSula ^jevs oshqKq lsrSfuka” jevs lsrSfuka wvq lsrSfuka fyda huzlsis fohla ijsn, .ekajSfuka&” fyda fjkiajSula ke;X ^;sfnk ;;ajfhka mj;ajd f.k hEu&

19

yelskuz wruqKg ,.ZdjSug b,lal lr.; hq;af;a .=Kd;aulNdjh” m%udKh iy fj,djhsX fuu ;=fkka tlla fyda ke;akuz Tnf.a wdh;kh idrA:l;ajhla ,nd weoaoehs meyeos,s fkdfjzX wruqKla b,lal lr .ekSug ir, mshjfrka mshjr l%uhla we;X th ldka;d foaYmd,k ;SrK .ekSfuz jev igyfka WodyrKhla f,i olajhsX mshjr 1mshjr 1mshjr 1mshjr 1: wruqK y|qkd .ekSu : Tnf.a osia;%slalfha ldka;d jHjidhlhka jevs lsrSuX mshjr 2 mshjr 2 mshjr 2 mshjr 2 : wruqfKa m%udKd;aul;djh : Tnf.a osia;%slaalfha jHjidhlhka 10%lska jevs lsrSuX mshjr 3 mshjr 3 mshjr 3 mshjr 3 : Tnf.a osia;%slalfha yrshdldrj uqo,a fhdojd we;s iy iqoqiqluz we;s ldka;d jHjidhlhska wju jYfhka 10%lska jevs lsrSuX mshjr 4 mshjr 4 mshjr 4 mshjr 4 : ld, jljdkq fhdokak : Tnf.a osia;%slalfha yrshdldrj uqo,a fhdojd we;s iqoqiqluz,;a ldka;d jHjidhlhska wju jYfhka 10%la jirla ;=,oS jevs lsrSuX igyk: flgs ld,hloS idlaCId;a lr .ekSug yels bkamiq mshjfrka mshjr oshqKqj lrd hk b,lalhla we;slr .ekSu w;HjYH fjzX tfukau wruqKq hkq jev igykl l%shdldrluz fyda fhojquz j, m%;sM,hla usi l%shdldrluz iy fhojquz fkdjk nj;a u;l ;nd .ekSu jeo.;afjzX fuzjd fjkaj fjkaj ;nd .ekSug tla l%uhla jkafka l%shdldrluz udrA.h iy wruqK wjidkh f,i u;l ,nd .ekSuhsX wruqK l%shdldrluz iu.Z mg,jd .;ajsg m%ldYk ,ndoSug f.dv ke.Sug hk jpk j,ska wdruzN fjzX Bg fjkiaj Tnf.a wdh;kh jevs lsrSug” oshqKq lsrSugjevs lsrSug” oshqKq lsrSugjevs lsrSug” oshqKq lsrSugjevs lsrSug” oshqKq lsrSug hk jpk j,ska wdruzN jk m%ldYk u.ska wruqK iuznkaOj l;d lrhsX fuu b,lalh ,.Zdlr .ekSug l=ula isoqjsh hq;=oehs hk m%Yakhg wruqK W;a;r imhhsX wruqK 2-4 ;snsh hq;=hsX 111X Tnf.a b,lal fuu l%shdoduhg iuznkaO jk mqoa.,hka fyda ck 111X Tnf.a b,lal fuu l%shdoduhg iuznkaO jk mqoa.,hka fyda ck 111X Tnf.a b,lal fuu l%shdoduhg iuznkaO jk mqoa.,hka fyda ck 111X Tnf.a b,lal fuu l%shdoduhg iuznkaO jk mqoa.,hka fyda ck fldgia y|qkd .ekSu yd ta lrd ,.ZdjSuX fldgia y|qkd .ekSu yd ta lrd ,.ZdjSuX fldgia y|qkd .ekSu yd ta lrd ,.ZdjSuX fldgia y|qkd .ekSu yd ta lrd ,.ZdjSuX ish,qu WoafoaYK jHdmdr j,g b,lal.; lKavdhuz isgSX lKavdhfuz b,a,Suz j,g iqNodhs f,i b,lal.; lKavdhuz j, ;SrK j,g n,mEuz lrkq jia lKavdhfuz WoafoaYKh ia:dk.; flfrAX tfia lsrSug m,uqj b,lal.; lKavdhu y|qkd .;hq;=hX bkamiq lKavdhu u.ska fuu m%YakfhaoS b,lal.; lKavdhfuz ia:djrh f;areuz .;hq;=hsX : b,lal.; lKavdhu tl.Zo tfia ke;akuz jsreoaOjdoS o hk njX irs,k fmdoq m%;sm;a;s wdh;kh y|qkd .;a miq m%;sM,h ,nd .ekSug Wmldr l<yels tu wdh;kh ;=, isgsk m%Odk mqoa.,hka y|qkd .kakX Tyq fyda weh kS;sfjzosfhla” weu;s flfkla” ldrAhd, ks,Odrsfhla fyda Pkaofhka f;dardm;a lr.;a flfkla jshyelX wNsfhda. hjkafka ;SrK .kakd l%shdodufha isgsk jeo.;au mqoa.,hd y|qkd .ekSuhsX thg Wojq lrk fyda fkdlrk” tajdf.au l%fudamdh ie,iquz lsrSfuzoS rcfhka msg wdh;k iy Wkkaoqjla we;s WoafoaYKhg jsreoaOjkakka y|qkd .ekSuo w;HjYH fjzX rcfha we;=,; yd msg; Wojq olajkakka iy jsreoaOjdoSka y|qkd .ekSfuka WoafoaYK jHdmdrhg iydh ,nd .ekSug iy jsreoaOjdoSka fudg lsrSug yelX mshjr 1mshjr 1mshjr 1mshjr 1: b,lalh y|qkd .ekSuX b,lalh y|qkd .ekSuX b,lalh y|qkd .ekSuX b,lalh y|qkd .ekSuX iEu jHdmdrhlu b,lal jrA. 2la we;X m%uqL iy fofjksX 1X m%uqL b,lalh1X m%uqL b,lalh1X m%uqL b,lalh1X m%uqL b,lalh lreK iuznkaO ;SrK .kakd mqoa.,hd fyda wdh;kh m%uqL b,lalh jsh hq;=hsX Tnf.a wdh;khg wjYH foa oSug yels mqoa.,hd m%uqL b,lalh fjzX Tn WoafoaYKh l,hq;af;a TyqghX wjYH lrk m%;sm;a;s t,s oelau l%shd;aul lsrSug fyda wjysr lsrSug yels ;;ajhl isgsk rcfha mqoa.,hka yd rcfha wdh;k y|qkd .ekSu w;HjYH fjzX jsi|qu

20

we;af;a ugzguz md,kh lrk fyda fr.=,dis l%shd;aul lrk mrsmd,k uKav,h ;=, ;snsh yels fyda kS;shdkql+,j lghq;= lrk f,i jsOdhl wxYhg n, lrk wOslrK u; fyda mdrA,sfuzka;=j ;=, fyda kS;shla ixfYdaokh lsrSu ;=, .snsh yelX iEujsglu mdfya m%;sm;a;s j,g jsi|quz fijSfuzoS tlu wxYhlg fkdj jsjsOdldr jQ uKav, j,g fhduqjSu wjYH jk w;ru tfia l,hq;= o fjzX kuq;a iEu lreKloSu Tn l%shd;aul lsrSug hk fmdoq m%;sm;a;s ia:djrh wjysr lsrSug fyda m,.ekajSug mj;sk ish,qu uKav, meyeos,s f,i fidaosis lsrSu w;HjYH fjzX “ b,lalh fm!oa.,sl lr .ekSu” Tng wjYH lrk foa ,ndoSug we;s n,h ksiel jYfhkau osia;%sla ljqkai,h jeks wdh;khla mdrA,sfuzka;=j fyda wud;HdxYhla i;=j ;snqKo th fm!oa.,sl lr.kakX ;SrKh .ekSug yels fyda wju jYfhka ta iuznkaOj oevs n,mEula l,yels mqoa.,hdf.a ku fidhd .kakX tu mqoa.,hd b,lal lr.kakX fuu.ska jHdmdrfha flaka\%.; ia:dkh mgqfjkjd fukau Tnf.a idudcslhskag ch.%yKho oefkkq we;X ;ks mqoa.,fhla fyda is; fjkia lsrSug fhdod .kakd jHdmdrh jsYd, wdh;khl m%;sM;a;sh fjkia lsrSug fhdod .kakd jHdmdrhg jvd jsYajdih ;ensh yelX Bg wu;rj ;SrK .kakd ;ks mqoa.,hka ;=, udkqIsl m%;spdr” tkuz idOdrKjSu” Nh” WiiajSfuz wdYdj ;ud jeros oehs hk ye.Su” wdvuznr nj fyda mCImd;s;ajh ;sfnzX iuia:hla jYfhka jsOsu;a uKav, j, fyda wdh;k j, fuzjd fkd;sfnzX Tn b,lalh fm!oa.,sl;djhg m;a l,fyd;a muKla fujeks m%;spdr ,efnzX WoafoaYK mrudrA:WoafoaYK mrudrA:WoafoaYK mrudrA:WoafoaYK mrudrA: l=vd yd uOHu m%udKfha jHdmdr Kh j,g ,.ZdjSug we;s yelshdj mq:Z,a lsrSu u.ska ldka;d jHdmdr whs;slrejka m%udKfhka jevs lsrSuX m%uqL b,lalh m%uqL b,lalh m%uqL b,lalh m%uqL b,lalh : fj<oZ iy lrAudka; weu;s” uqo,a weu;s” ldka;d jHjidhlhska” Kh fok wdh;k” mdrA,sfuzka;= uka;%SkaX m%uqL b,lalh y|qkd .ekSfuzoS weish hq;= m%Yak:

Tng iy Tnf.a wdh;khg wjYH foa ,ndoSug n,h we;af;a ldgo@ kS;sh fyda m%;sm;a;sh iuznkaO ;SrK .kafka ljqo@ fyda th l%shd;aul lrjSfuz j.lSu we;af;a ldgo@

Tjqka flfrys Tng l,yels n,mEu fudllao@ 2X oajs;sl b,lal2X oajs;sl b,lal2X oajs;sl b,lal2X oajs;sl b,lal oajs;Sl b,lal jkdys Tng wjYH foa oSug n,h fyda wOsldrs;ajh fkdue;s ;j;a m%uqL b,lalhg n,mEuz l,yels whj,qkahX oajs;Sl b,lalhg huzlsis lreKla iuznkaOj ;sSrK .ekSug wOsldrs;ajhla fyda iDcq ksfhda.hla fkdue;s jqjo” Tjqkg n,mEuz lsrSug yelshdjla we;X idudkHfhka m%uqL b,lalhg jvd fuu mqoa.,hd flfrys Tng n,mEuz oelajsh yelX m%uqL b,lalfha iuyr idudcslhska oajs;sl b,lalho jsh yelX Tjqkg ;SrK .kakd whg n,mEula l,yels kuz Wod: jYfhka fj,| yd lrAudka; weu;sjrhd iy nexl= ks,OdrSka tlsfkldf.a woyia j,g n,mEuz l,yelX tfia ke;akuz fj<| iy lrAudka; ms<sn| mdrA,sfuzka;= lusgqj iuia: mdrA,sfuzka;=jgu fyda weu;sjrhdg n,mEuz l,yelX fuz folu m%uqL iy oajs;Sl b,lalhkahX oajs;Sl b,lalhka y|qkd .ekSfuzoS weish hq;= m%Yak:

Tng iy Tnf.a wdh;khg wjYH foa oSu i|yd ;SrK .kakd mqoa.,hdg ta;a;= .ekajSug Tng Wojq l,helafla ldgo@

21

Tjqka u; Tng l=uk n,mEula l,yels o@ b,lal i|yd u;l ;nd .;hq;= kshuhka :

b,lalh iEujsgu tla mqoa.,fhla fjzX wdh;khla fkdfjzX Tn kS;shla fjkia lsrSug hEfuzoS Tng mdrA,sfuzka;= nyq;rhl Pkaoh wjYH jQ jsgloS fyda Tn tla mqoa.,fhla flfrys Tnf.a b,lalh mqoa.,sl.; l,hq;=hX tla wjia:djloS tla mdrA,sfuzka;= uka;%S flfkl= b,lal lr.kakX

Tnf.a idudcsldjkag iy iafjzpzPd fiajsldjkag Tnf.a b,lalh fm!oa.,sl lrKfhka my; i|yka oEg myiqfjzX

f;areuz .ekSug yd fm<USug b;du;a ixlSrAK jQ wdh;k iy ixjsOdko ck;djf.ka ieoquz,;a fjzX tla wjia:djloS tla mqoa.,fhla f;dard .ekSfuka ck;djg Tnf.a jHdmdrh jvd;a ienE f,i fmfkaX

iEu lreKlgu b,lal 1g jevs m%udKhla we;X Tnf.a jHdmdrhg jvd;a myiq b,lalh f;dard .kakX Tnf.a jHdmdrh ;=,oS b,lal udre lsrSug fyda jsl,am fidhd .ekSug yelX

Tn Ndjs;d lrk iEu Wml%uhlau Tnf.a b,lalhg Tnsk fia fm!oa.,sl lrKh jsh hq;=hsX tlu wjia:djloS Tnf.a b,lal ish,a,guo t,a, lrk ,o Wml%uh urAOkh l,yels nejska th n,.;= fkdfjzX

WoafoaYK mrudrA: WoafoaYK mrudrA: WoafoaYK mrudrA: WoafoaYK mrudrA: iq:Z yd uOHu m%udK Kh j,g ,.ZdjSug we;s yelshdj mq:Z,a lsrSu u.ska ldka;d jHdmdrsl whs;slrejkaf.a m%udKh jevs lsrSuX oajs;Sl b,lal oajs;Sl b,lal oajs;Sl b,lal oajs;Sl b,lal mdrA,sfuzka;= uka;%S;=uka,df.a m%Odk ks,OdrSka” fj<o yd lrAudka; weu;s;=udf.a WmfoaYlhka” uqo,a weu;s” m%Odk ldka;d ixjsOdk” ;SrK .kakdjqka iEuodu lshjk mqj;am;a “ jsfoaY wdOdr imhkakkaX fojk mfojk mfojk mfojk mshjr shjr shjr shjr : b,lalfha ;;ajh y|qkd .kakb,lalfha ;;ajh y|qkd .kakb,lalfha ;;ajh y|qkd .kakb,lalfha ;;ajh y|qkd .kak 3X us;% fyda jsreoaOjdoSka 3X us;% fyda jsreoaOjdoSka 3X us;% fyda jsreoaOjdoSka 3X us;% fyda jsreoaOjdoSka Tn Tnf.a m%uqL iy oajs;Sl b,lalhka y|qkd.;a miq Tjqka us;=re fyda jsreoaOjdoSkao hkak y|qkd .; hq;=hsX Tng Wojq l,yels mqoa.,hka” wdh;k iy ixjsOdk us;=rka yegshg .Kka .efkaX Tnf.a b,lalh imqrd .ekSug Tn iu.Z jev lsrSug f;dard .;hq;af;a iytl.Z lrjd .;hq;af;a fudjqkajhX us;=rka y|qkd .ekSfuzoS weish hq;= m%Yak : 1X lreK n,mEuz we;s lrkafka fjk ldgo@ 2X lreK jsioSfuka m%;sm, ,nd .kafka fjk ljqo@ 3X wmg Wojq lrkakg Wkkaoqjla olajkafka ljryqo@ WoafoaYK jHdmdrh lvd jegSu fyda thg lreK weu;Sug fkdyelsjSu iuznkaOj Wkkaoqjla olajkafkda jsreoaOjdoSkahX WoafoaYK jHdmdrfha lKavdhug ndOd lsrSug Wkkaoqjla olajkafkda jsreoaOjdoSkahX lKavdhfuz jevj,g ndOd lsrSug we;s ienE Yla;sh wkqj Tjqka n,.;= fyda oqrAj, jsh yelX jHdmdrh iDcqj wvmK lsrSug yelshdjka we;a;jqka n,.;= .khg jefgzX jsreoaOjdoSka us;=re f.dkakg oud .ekSug W;aiy .ekSu b;d jeo.;afjzX

jsreoaOjdoSka y|qkd .ekSfuzoS weish hq;= m%Yak:

1X fuu m%Yakh jsioqkfyd;a mdvqjla isoqjkafka ldgo@

22

2X jHdmdrh lvd jegSu iuznkaOj Wkkaoqjla olajkafkda ljryqo@ 3X fudku fya;=jla ksid fyda ndOdjla yegshg l%shdlrkafka ljqo@

IV. iuSCIKhla meje;ajSuiuSCIKhla meje;ajSuiuSCIKhla meje;ajSuiuSCIKhla meje;ajSu my; i|yka ldrAhhka iuzmQrAK lsrSfuka miq WoafoaYK jHdmdrfha o, igyk iy iuSCIK ie,iqu ieliSug Tn iqodkuzj isgSX 1X WoafoaYKh i|yd mq:Z,a lreKla ;SrKh lr.kakX 2X Tnf.a WoafoaYK jHdmdrfha flaka\%.; lsrSug lreKg iuznkaO tla ksYaps; .eg,qjla f;dard .kakX 3X Tn fhdackd lsrSug iqodkuz jsioqula ^ fyda wrAO jsioqula& iuznkaO uQ,sl ;SrKh .kakX WoafoaYK ixjsOdkhg iy lreKg idOdrK ms<s.ekSula ,ndoSug yels foaYmd,k jd;djrKhla ;sfnkjdo fyda keoao hkak m,uqj uek ne,Su Tzku M,odhs WoafoaYK jHdmdrhla u.ska l,hq;=j we;X iuyr foaYmd,k jd;djrK ;=, jHjia:duh fjkiajSuz i|yd lrk jHdmdrhlg bv fkd;snsh yelX tkuqoq mdrsirsl jYfhka ixfjzoS m%foaY wdrCId lsrSfuz jHdmdrhlg bv we;X iuia: Wmdh udrA.sl ie,iqfuz ;SrK .ekSfuzoS foaYmd,k ;lafiarej u.ska fufyhjkq ,efnzX lreKq ilialr .kakd wdldrh ms<sn| ;SrK” b,lal lr.; hq;= wdh;k yd ;srK .kakd wh m%fhdackhg .;hq;= mKsjsv iy mKsjsvlrejka iy taldnoaO l,hq;= iNd.hka ish,a, foaYmd,k jd;djrKfia ;lafiarej u.ska oekqj;afjzX Tnf.a jHdmdrfha iuSCIK wjOsfhaoS m%Yak ms<sn| Tnf.a wjfndaOh iy fhdacs; jsioqfuz m%dfhda.sl;ajh ms<sn|j Tng mrSCId l,yelX iuyr m%Yak j,g W;a;r Tn oekg;a okakjd hehs Tn jsYajdi lrkq we;X tkuqoq Tnf.a Wml,amkhka ia:sr lr .ekSug yd ,sLs;j igyka lr .ekSug iuSCIKh l,hq;=u we;X tl.Zfjz hehs Tn is;+ mqoa.,hkag fuz iuznkaOj fjkia woyia we;snj oek .ekSfuka Tn mqoqujkq we;X m%Yakh ms<sn|j iuSCIKh lrkak m%Yakh ms<sn|j iuSCIKh lrkak m%Yakh ms<sn|j iuSCIKh lrkak m%Yakh ms<sn|j iuSCIKh lrkak

• .eg,qfjz b;sydih fyda fya;=j l=ulao@ • .eg,qfjz m%udKh l=ulao@ • .eg,qj m%Yak we;s lrkafka ldgo@ • ;ks mqoa.,hkag iy m%cdjg .eg,qj ksid we;s n,mEu l=ulao@ • fuz m%Yakh jsioSug iDcqj ueosy;ajSug j.lSu iy n,h we;af;a ldgo@ • m%uqLj ;SrK .kakjqka ljqo@ • m%Yakh jsioSug Tjqka f.k we;s mshjr fudkjdo@ • idrA:l fkdjS we;af;a ukao@ • m%Yakh jsioSug fyda jsioSu wiSre lrjSug oekg mj;sk m%;sm;a;s” kS;s” fr.=,dis

fyda jev igyka we;ao@ jsioqu iuSCIKh lrkakjsioqu iuSCIKh lrkakjsioqu iuSCIKh lrkakjsioqu iuSCIKh lrkak

• Tnf.a ksrAfoaY u.ska m%Yak jsifohso@ • Tnf.a ksrAfoaY h:drA:jdoso@ • wvq jshouska th l%shd;aul lrkak mq:Zjkao@ • th myiqfjka f;areuz .ekSug yelso@ • flgs ld,hloS th ;shk m%;sm, idlaId;a lr .kSjso@ • Tnf.a ksrAfoaY j,g leue;a;la olajkafkda ljryqo@ • Tjqka Tnf.a WoafoaYK jHdmdrhg l%shdldrS f,i iydh olajhso@ • thg jsreoaO fyda ielfhka n,kafkda ljryqo@

23

• th fyd| woyila hehs Tjqkag ta;a;= .ekajSug Tng yelso@ • Tnf.a ksrAfoaY fydoska ms<s.kSjS hehs Tng jsYajdio@ • tfia ke;akuz ;SrK .kakjqka jvd;a leu;s fyda l,yels fjk;a jsi|quz ;sfnzo@

mKsjsvh ms<sn|j iuSCIKh lrkakmKsjsvh ms<sn|j iuSCIKh lrkakmKsjsvh ms<sn|j iuSCIKh lrkakmKsjsvh ms<sn|j iuSCIKh lrkak iuSCIKh lsrSfuka ,nd .kakd f;dr;=re mKsjsvh fkdfjzX Tnf.a ksrAfoaY mKsjsvh fkdfjzX Tnf.a mKsjsvh jkdys Tnf.a ksrAfoaY ;SrK .kakjqka u.ska ms<s.ekSug ;=vq fok tla ir, ta;a;= .kakd lreKlsX Tn yd Tnf.a i.Zhka Tnf.a wjjdo ms,s.ekSug fyd| fya;= hehs is;k fohska M,la ke;X M,la jkafka ;SrK .kakjqka Tnf.a Wmfoia ndr .ekSug Tn oqka fya;=j .ek is;k wdldrhhsX fi!LH jD;a;slhka Tjqkaf.a /lshdfjka wiajSu ksid we;s jQ m%Yakhg wrAO jsi|qula yegshg biamsrs;d, j, yd fi!LH idhk j, mjs;%;d ;;ajh jevsoshqKq lsrSu fjkqfjka ;sj%r jQ jHdmdrhla meje;ajSu Tn fhdackd lsrSug mq:ZjkX tfukau Tn Tnf.a ixjsOdkh iy wfkla iydh olajkakka fuz iuznkaOj l,yels Wmldr ms<sn|jo jsia;r lsrSug mq:ZjkX Tn fhdackdj l, l%shdj lsrSug fyd| fya;= lSmhla ;sfnkakg mq:ZjkX kuq;a ;SrK .kakdjqkaf.a jevs wjOdkhla fhduqjS uqo,a wmyiq;d iuznkaOj kuz Tnf.a fyd|u mKsjsvh jsh yelafla fodia;rjreka iy fyoshka /lshdfjz r|jd .ekSug “wju uqo,la jehfjk Wml%u wmg wjYH fjzX”

;SrK .kakd l%shdoduh f;areuz .ekSu ;SrK .kakd l%shdoduh f;areuz .ekSu ;SrK .kakd l%shdoduh f;areuz .ekSu ;SrK .kakd l%shdoduh f;areuz .ekSu WoafoaYKlrefjla jYfhka Tn n,mEula we;slr .kak hk ;SrK .kakd l%shdoduh iuznkaOj Tng b;d fyd| oekqula ;snsh hq;=hsX l%shdoduh ms<sn|j Tnf.a oekqfuz ;rugu thg n,mEula lsrSfuz yelshdjo Tng jevsfjzX ;SrK .kakd l%shdodufha jsOsu;a kS;s iy l%ufjzohka ms<sn| oek isgsSu jeo.;afjzX jsOsu;a l%shdoduh Ndjs;d lsrSfuka jeo.;a m%;sm, lSmhla w;alr .;yelX fuu m%;sM;a;suh fyda jevigyka fjki ks, jYfhka isoqfjzX “th jdrA;d.;” fjzX tfukau jvd;a ia:sr fjzX wkd.;fhaoS Tnf.a fhdackd j,g jsjD;j mj;sk w;r ;SrK .kakd l%shdoduh th iuznkaOj Tng ia;=;s lrk w;ru ta l%shdoduh jvd;a ck iyNd.s;ajhlg jsjD;jSug bv we;X kuq;a” wdh;kfha jsOsu;a ;SrK .kakd l%shdoduh u.ska Tnf.a WoafoaYK wruqK idlaId;a lr .ekSug fkdyels jqfkd;a fjkila jsjsO ugzguz j,oS we;s lsrSug yelsnj u;l ;nd .kakX jsOsu;a l%shdoduh fjkalr .; fkdyels jqfkd;a wjsOsu;a jsjD; fkdjQ l%ufjzohka u.ska fyda jsl,am l%shdoduhla u.ska Tng idrA:l;ajh ,nd.; yelX fuu ;SrK .kakd l%shdodu ;=k wrA: .kajd meyeos,s lr we;X “fuu ,smsh u.ska” ck;dj iy ixjsOdk ldgo f;dr;=re iemhsh yelafla @ck;dj iy ixjsOdk ldgo f;dr;=re iemhsh yelafla @ck;dj iy ixjsOdk ldgo f;dr;=re iemhsh yelafla @ck;dj iy ixjsOdk ldgo f;dr;=re iemhsh yelafla @ 1X Tnf.a ixjsOdkh Tnf.a wdh;kfha whg l;d lrkakX by; m%Yak ish,a, Tjqkaf.ka wykakX 2X uQ,sl ;SrK .kakjqka iy Tjqkaf.a ;dCIK WmfoaYlhka iy uqo,a ,nd fokakka Tnf.a iuSCIK werTSug fmr Tnf.a m%Yak j,g ms<s;=re iemhsh yels rcfha ks,OdrSka ;dCIK WmfoaYlhka iy uqo,a ,nd fokakkaf.a” ,ehsia;=jla idokakX m%Yakh jsioSug ;SrK .ekSug n,hla we;s hehs is;k mqoa.,hka iy wdh;k iu.Z iDcqj ikaksfjzokh lrkakX Tjqka f.ka tu m%Yako wykakX Tn weu;sjreka f.ka iy m%Odk f,aluzjreka

24

f.ka wdruzN lsrSug wjYH;djhla ke;X fomdrA;fuzka;= m%OdkSka f;dr;=re j,g iy miqjsmrug wkrA> iuzm;lsX 3X iydh olajkakka iy ndOd lrkakka is;k wh b,lal hk fldgfia Tn iydh olajkakka iy ndOd lrkakka y|qkd .kakd ,osX fudjqka f.ka m%Yakh iuznkaOj iy jsi|qu iuznkaO m%Yak weish hq;=hX 4X m%Yakh n,md we;s usksiaiq m%Yakfhka iDcqj n,mEug ,lajQ mqoa.,hkaf.a odhl;ajh Tnf.a .eg,qjg iy fhdacs; jsi|qug we;=,;a lsrSug j. n,d .kSX fudjqka ;DKuQ, ugzgfuz ck;dj fiajd imhkakka wdosh jshyelX Tnf.a wdh;kh m%Yakh n,mE mqoa.,hka iu.Z .kqfokq lrkafka kuz Tn idudkHfhka .kqfokq lrk udOH ;=,skau Tjqkag ,.ZdjkakX iuzuqL idlpzPd j,g .=reyreluz nsola

uqyqKg uqyqK,d idlpzPd ;uhs f;dr;=re ,nd.ekSug fyd|u l%uhX fufia lsrSug iuzm;a wvq kuz m%Odk iydh olajkakjqka uqK .efikakX Tnf.a l;djg u.Z fmkajkak iEu mqoa.,fhla f.kau weiSug n,dfmdfrd;a;= jk

m%Yak j, ,ehsia;=jla idod .kakX ksYaps; m%Yak wid ksYaps; ms<s;=r ,nd.kakX Tn wik huzlsis mqoa.,fhla m%Yak

j,g ms<s;=re fkdokafka kuz okakd flfklaf.a kuz .uz iuznkaOj Tjqka f.ka wid .kakX

Tn iuznkaO jk iEu mqoa.,fhlaf.au kuzo “ osko fhdod idlpzPd iuznkaOj igyka ;nd .kakX

Tn idlpzPd lrmq iEu mqoa.,fhl=gu Tjqka Tng lsjQfoa f;areuz .;a nj y.Zjd is;=;s ,sms hjkakX tajdfha msgm;a ;nd .kakX

Tnf.a i;H lreKq yrshdldrj fidhd .kakX iEu f;dr;=rlgu uq,dY% ,ehsia;=.; lr .kakX uq,dY% j, jsYajdiKSh nj ;yjqre lr.kakX

wksl=;a iuSCIK ;dCIK

mqj;am;a” jdrA;d” fmd;a” hkdos fmdoq jdrA;d ;=,ska f;dr;=re ,nd .kakX .eg,qj iuznkaO kS;s iy fr.=,dis we;akuz tajd Tnu lshjd n,kakX

jsIfha yi, oekqula we;af;da iu.Z th iuznkaOj idlpzPd lrkakX iuSCIKh ms<sn|j weish hq;= m%Yak

lreKg iuznkaO rcfha wdh;k mdrA,sfuzka;= iNd iy lreK iuznkaOj tajdfha N+usldj Tn y|qkd f.k we;ao@ lreK iuznkaOj Tjqka ,.Z f;dr;=re ;sfnzoehs Tn okakjdo@

fuu lreK iuznkaOj Tjqka l=uk u;hla orkafkaoehs Tn okakjdo@ idudkH ck;djf.ka fuz ms<sn|j jsuiqjdo@ lreK iuznkaOj mj;sk f;dr;=re iy o;a; Tn tla/ia l,do@

V. iNd.hla msysgqjSuiNd.hla msysgqjSuiNd.hla msysgqjSuiNd.hla msysgqjSu iNd.hla hkq [email protected] hkq [email protected] hkq [email protected] hkq l=ulao@ huzlsis fmdoq lreKla idlaId;a lr .ekSug jk lKavdhula$wdh;k iuQyj lghq;= lsrSu iNd.hlsX iNd. we;slr .kafka wehs@ “ tl.Z;djh Yla;shhs “

25

Tzku iNd.hlf.a mrudrA: jkafka idrA:l;ajfha wjia:d jevs lsrSuhsX iNd. u.ska lrk lghq;a; lsrSug we;s yelshdj iy n,h jevs lsrSuhsX ta ksidu ;ksj l%shdlrk mqoa.,hkaf.a fyda ck lKavdhuz j, M,odhs;djho jevsfjzX iNd. u.ska jsYajdikShNdjh jevs lrk w;r uqo,a” NdKav iy udkj iuzm;a f.dkako jevs lrhsX iNd. jv jvd;a ck;dj iy wdh;k iuznkaO lrf.k iDcqj W;aiydfha ksr;jk nejska jvd mq:Z,a jQ ixfjzoS jQ ck;d u;hla tu lreK iuznkaOj we;s lrhsX iNd. u.ska ksrAudKYS,s yd wdlrAYKsh woyia Wml%u jsYd, m%udKhla f.fkkq ,nhsX Tnf.a kdhlhkag iudcfha wfkl=;a wxY yd rdcH fkdjk wdh;ko m%Yakhla foi n,k wdldrh bf.k .;yelX iNd. wksl=;a mqrjeishka” mqrjeis lKavdhuz” udOH” rdcH fkdjk wdh;k” foaYmd,k mCI” Pkao ks,OdrSka fyda wksl=;a wdh;k iu.Z msysgqjd .;yelX iNd. j, wk;=reo ke;=jd fkdfjzX tfia jkafka tla lKavdhula wksla lKavdhuz wNsnjd f.dia lrk ,o jev j, jdish iy meiiqu ,nd .ekSug hEuhsX lKavdhuz j,g Tjqkaf.a ;SrK .kakjqkaf.a f;areuz .ekSu iy leue;a; wjYH fjzX fuh ,nd .ekSug fyd|u l%uh jkafka ;SrK .kakjqka WoafoaYK lKavdhuz j,g iuznkaO lr .ekSfuksX iNd. iEoSfuzoS we;s wNsfhda.iNd. iEoSfuzoS we;s wNsfhda.iNd. iEoSfuzoS we;s wNsfhda.iNd. iEoSfuzoS we;s wNsfhda. fmdoq w.hka iy wruqKq ;snqKo iNd. iEoSu myiq ldrAhla fkdfjzX iNd. u.ska fndfyda is;a ;ejq,a we;s lsrSug bv we;s w;r Tnf.a WoafoaYK jHdmdrh ;=,oS fndfyda iuzuq;shkag t<USug isoqfjzX Wod: jYfhka iuyr rdcH fkdjk ixjsOdk m%n, uQKg uQK .egSfuz Wmlu Ndjs;d lsrSug leue;a; olajk w;r wka tajd jHdmdrfha wruqK bgqlr .ekSug idlpzPd udrA.h f;dard .kq we;X iNd.hl idudcslhkaf.a m%udKh iy lSrA;sfha fjkialuz ksid m%Yak we;sjsh yelX Tn m%isoaO f,dl= rdcH fkdjk ixjsOdkhla Tnf.a iNd.hg we;=,;a lr .;fyd;a Tnf.a WoafoaYK jHdmdrfha meiiquz ish,a, Tjqkag ,efnkq we;X fuz ksid jHdmdrh bosrshg f.k .sho ixjsOdkfha jevs oshqKqjg ndOd we;sjsh yelX Bg;aa jvd iuyr wjia:d j,oS f,dl= ixjsOdk u.ska l=vd tajd .s, oukq we;X iNd. jrA.iNd. jrA.iNd. jrA.iNd. jrA. idudkHfhka iNd. jsOsu;a” ;djld,sl” ia:sr tla mrudrA:hlska hq’;a” mrudrA: lSmhlska hq;a N+f.da,Sh fyda lKavdhuz idudcslhskag wjYH Tzku iuznkaO;djhlska hq;a jsh yelX iNd.hla ieoSug wjYH jkafka fudkjdo@ Yla;su;a iNd. myiq lrjkafkl= isgSu fhda.H fjzX ;r.ZldrS Wkkaoq w;r fmdoq orAYKhlg t<USug Wojq l, yels mqoa.,fhl= jsh yelshX fuu mqoa.,hd b;du jeo.;a jkafka Tnf.a jHdmdrhg iudcfha ish,qu fldgia îsjs,a jHdmdrsl iy rdcH& tlaldiq jQ jsghX wdruzNfhaoSu iNd.fha kS;s idod .ekSu iuznkaOj iy ;SrK .ekSu iuznkaOj ;SrKh lr.; hq;=fjzX uE;loS wdruzN lrk ,o l=vd lKavdhfuz Pkaohg iuzm;a jsYd, m%udKhla f.k tk f,dl= lKavdhfuz Pkaoh iudko@ iNd.hla iEoSfuz uq,a wjOsfhau fuz .kfha m%Yak jsi|d .;hq;=j we;X iNd.hla iEoSug fmr weish hq;= m%Yak

Tnf.a lKavdhu iNd.hla ksrAudKh l,hq;af;a wehs@ iNd.hla fhdod .ekSfuka jHdmdrhg jdis ,efnzo@ iNd.; jkafka ld iu.o@ Tnf.a WoafoaYK jHdmdrhg by; y|qkd.;a lKavdhuz iy mqoa.,hka iuznkaO

jkafka wehs@ Tjqkaf.a fm!oa.,sl jdish l=ulao@

26

wmf.a b,lal.; lKavdhug n,mEuz lsrSug ;oskau wjYH jk ksYaps; lKavdhula fyda mqoa.,fhla isgSo@

lKavdhfuz wruqKg ,.ZdjSug iNd.fha tla tla idudcslhd fudkjd lrdjso@ wruqK l=uk fjkia jQ iuzm;a iy yelshdjka tla tla idudcslhd f.k tao@

iNd.h Wml%uYS,sj bosrshg hEug iNd.fha idudcslhka fmdoq m%;sm;a;s lreK iuznkaOj fldmuK mqyqKqj ,nd ;snsh hq;=o@

tla mqoa.,fhla fyda mqoa.,fhla iu.Z in|;d we;slr .ekSu u.ska jHdmdrhg iDKjdoS n,mEula ;sfnzo@

iNd.h iuia:hla jYfhka ia:sr jYfhka l=ula lrhso@

V. mKsjsvhmKsjsvhmKsjsvhmKsjsvh ish,qu m%isoaO foa j, we;s mKsjsvh” mKsjsvh jsh hq;=hX fuu mKsjsvh kej; kej;” mqk mqkd mqj;a u.ska nzfrdaIrA u.ska nekrA u.ska” frAvsfhda iy mdrA,sfuzka;=jg iy rcfha wdh;k j,g hjk ,sms u.ska isoql, yelX mKsjsvhlg fldgia 5la ;sfnzX wka;rwka;rwka;rwka;rA.;h $ woyi A.;h $ woyi A.;h $ woyi A.;h $ woyi : Tng lSug we;s woyi fudkjdo@ Tnf.a fm%aCIlhkag ta;a;= .ekajSug Tn Ndjs;d lrk ;rAl fudkjdo@ NdIdj NdIdj NdIdj NdIdj : meyeos,sj iy M,odhs f,i Tnf.a mKsjsvh f.k hEug Tn Ndjs;d lrk jpk fudkjdo@ Tn Ndjs;d l,hq;= fyda fkdl,hq;= jpk fudkjdo@ uq,dY% $ mKsjsvh f.k hkuq,dY% $ mKsjsvh f.k hkuq,dY% $ mKsjsvh f.k hkuq,dY% $ mKsjsvh f.k hkak ak ak ak : fma%CIlhdf.a jsYajdiKSh;ajh yd m%;spdr ,nd.; yelafla ldgo@ ieleiau ieleiau ieleiau ieleiau : Wmrsu M,hla ,nd .ekSug Tn mKsjsvfha fnod yrsk udrA.h l=ulao@ Wod: /iajSula” ,shquz” fmd;a mskapla’ .=jkajsoq,sh fyda oekajSuZzX fj,dj ia:dkh fj,dj ia:dkh fj,dj ia:dkh fj,dj ia:dkh : mKsvh fnoSug Wps;u fj,dj l=ulao@ jevs foaYmd,k n,mEula we;s lsrSu i|yd tys jsYajdikSh;ajh jevslr .ekSug mKsjsvh fnod yersh yels ia:dkhla ;sfnzo@ 1X mKsjsvfha wka;rA.;h 1X mKsjsvfha wka;rA.;h 1X mKsjsvfha wka;rA.;h 1X mKsjsvfha wka;rA.;h “mKsjsvh” hkq Tnf.a WoafoaYK mrudrA:h ms<sn|j flgs iy is; ne|.;a m%ldKhlsX th Tn idlaId;a lr .ekSug hkoE flfiao@ iy l=ula ksido hkak jsoyd olajhsX mKsjsvfha h:d wruqK jkafka l%shd;auljSula ksrAudKh lsrSu ksid Tnf.a fm%aCIlhka jsiska l,hq;= ksYaps; l%shdldrluo mKsjsvfha wka;rA.; jsh hq;=hsX idudkHfhka mKsjsvhl uQ,sl fldgia 2la fjzX

whs;Ska fjkqfjka wdhdpkhla iy fma%CIlhdf.a iqN isoaOsh i|yd wdhdpkhla

2X igka mdGfha wka;rA.;h2X igka mdGfha wka;rA.;h2X igka mdGfha wka;rA.;h2X igka mdGfha wka;rA.;h ks;ru mdfya mKsjsv igkamdG j,g yrjd we;X igka mdGhla hkq@

flgs myiqfjka u;l ;nd .;yels i;H h:drA:jdoS i;H lreKq u; mokuz jQ meyeos,s fkdmeg,s,s iys; iDcq tfukau myiqfjka f;areuz .;yels Tn ,.dZjSug n,dfmdfrd;a;= jk fma%CIlhkag jeo.;ajQ

3X mKsjsvfha wka;rA;;fha idOl 3X mKsjsvfha wka;rA;;fha idOl 3X mKsjsvfha wka;rA;;fha idOl 3X mKsjsvfha wka;rA;;fha idOl

Tn idlaId;a lr.ekSug Wjukd lrkafka l=ulao@

27

wehs Tng idlaId;a lr .ekSug wjYH jkafka ^ tu l%shdfjka we;sjk hym;a m%;sm, iy fyda l%shd fkdlsrSfuka we;sjk whym;a m%;sm,&

th ,.Zdlr .ekSug n,dfmdfrd;a;= jk wdldrh iy Tn fm%aCIlhdf.ka l=uk l%shdldrluz n,dfmdfrd;a;= fjzo@

4X yoj;g l;d lrkak4X yoj;g l;d lrkak4X yoj;g l;d lrkak4X yoj;g l;d lrkak 5X kej;” kej;” kej; l, hq;=j we;X 5X kej;” kej;” kej; l, hq;=j we;X 5X kej;” kej;” kej; l, hq;=j we;X 5X kej;” kej;” kej; l, hq;=j we;X igka mdGfha iy mKsjsvfha wruqKq

l%shdoduhla wdruzN lsrSug wjOdkh ,nd .ekSug wdhdpkd$wdrdOkd fnod oSug ck;djf.a oekqj;aNdjh jevs lsrSug lKavdhfuz ia:djrh bosrsm;a lsrsug

fma%CIlhdfma%CIlhdfma%CIlhdfma%CIlhd n,mEula we;s lsrSug n,dfmdfrd;a;= fm%aCIlhdg Tnsk fia mKsjsvh ilia lr .kakX Tnf.a lreK ms<sn|j oekqj;a lsrSuz lsrSug yd Tnf.a wruqKg iydh ,nd .ekSug b;d M,odhs l%uhla jkafka fm%aCIlhka jrA.SlrKh fldg iEu lKavdhulau m%;spdr olajk fia mKsjsvh f.dvk.d .ekSuhsX Wod: jYfhka foaYmd,khdg fok mKsjsvh ck;djg fok mKsjsvfhka fjkia fjzX tfia;a ke;akuz mdi,a <uqkag fok mKsjsvhg jvd f.djshkag fok mKsjsvh fjkia fjzX fma%CIhka 1 fma%CIhka 1 fma%CIhka 1 fma%CIhka 1 : m%uqL b,lal m%uqL b,lal m%uqL b,lal m%uqL b,lal : ;SrK .;SrK .;SrK .;SrK .kakd wh kakd wh kakd wh kakd wh wka;rA.;h mKsjsvh flgz ixCIsma; iy is;g ld jeosh hq;=hsX by; olajd we;s mrsos Tyqf.a fyda wehf.a foaYmd,k fyda idudcSh ;;ajh k.d isgqjSug Tnf.a fhdackdj Wojq jk wdldrh îuyr jsg ishquz f,i& ikaksfjzokh lsrSu jdis iy.; fjzX wksla jpkfhka lshkjd kuz Tjqkaf.a fm!oa.,sl jdish yels iEu wjia:djloSu ,ensh yels whjefha b;srsh fyda m%;s,dN jeks wdrA:sl ;rAlo we;=,;a lrkakX ;SrK .kakjqka Tnf.a fhdackdjg iydh olajkafka wka ljryqo@ yd tfukau Tjqka f.ka Tn n,dfmdfrd;a;= jk l%shdldrluz .ek oek .kakg leu;s fjzX ieliqu

jsOsu;a fyda wjsOsu;a uqyqKg uqyqK idlpzPd idudcSh” wdrA:sl” foaYmd,k fyda jHdmdrsl tl;=jSuz j,oS wjsOsu;a idlpzPd wdh;ksl” fm!oa.,sl fyda iNd. ,shquz oekqj;a lsrSfuz /iajSuz i;H lreKq i|yka m;%sld jevigyka flfrk ia:dkhg pdrsld m;%sld fyda ta ms<sn| ilia lrk ,o ,sms ps;% iy ksorAYK flgs jSvsfhda orAYK

Tn mdrA,sfuzka;= uka;%S;=ushka,dg /f.k hdhq;= mKsjsvh : u,djs foaYfha Wm;amd,k wruqK bIag lr.ekSug msrsus mCIh iuznkaO lr.ekSu uQ,sl lreKla fjzX msrsuska i|yd Wm;amd,k wOHdmk jevigyka j,g wdfhdackh

28

lsrSfuka Wm;amd,kh l,yelX jydu msrsuskaf.a mjq,a iydhjSfuz kS;sh iuzu; lr .kakX igka mdGh jsh yelafla :

ldka;djo ms<s.; hq;=h: ldka;d jHjidhlhkag iydh ,ndoSu u.ska Yla;su;a wdrA:slhla f.dvkef.aX

mrs.Kl foaYK mqj;am;a jdrA;d fyda oekajSuz .=jkajsoq,s jsldYk iy wdjrK

fma%CIlhd 2 fma%CIlhd 2 fma%CIlhd 2 fma%CIlhd 2 : oajs;Sl b,lal oajs;Sl b,lal oajs;Sl b,lal oajs;Sl b,lal : WoafoaaYK wdh;k WoafoaaYK wdh;k WoafoaaYK wdh;k WoafoaaYK wdh;k wka;rA.;h WoafoaYK wdh;k j,g Tjqkaf.a ;rAl j,g iydh oelajSug ksYaps; f;dr;=re wjYH fjzX i;H f;dr;=re iy b,laluz meyeos,s f,i bosrsm;a lsrSug iuSCIK iy o;a; Wmfhda.s lr.kSX fufia l,hq;af;a WoafoaYlhka ks;ru mdfya ;SrK .kakd whg b,lal lr.;a m;%sld j,g i;H lreKq we;=,;a lrk ksidhX tfukau m%;sm;a;s fm%aCIlhkag wka;rA.;h ilik ksidhX ieleiau

wdh;ksl m%OdkSka iy ldrAh uKav,h iu.Z /iajSuz jyd m%fhdackhg .;yels f;dr;=re m;%sld ps;% iy ksorAYK oekqj;a lsrSfuz /iajSuz

fm%aCIl 3 fm%aCIl 3 fm%aCIl 3 fm%aCIl 3 : oajs;Sl b,lal oajs;Sl b,lal oajs;Sl b,lal oajs;Sl b,lal : udOH udOH udOH udOH wka;rA.;h udOH idudkHfhka huzlsis ;;ajhla fm!oa.,slj ck;djg n,mdk wdldrh ms<sn|j oek.ekSug leue;a;la olajk w;r ks;ru mdfya “ udkqIsl ys;jdos l;d” jdrA;d lrhsX tkuz Tyqka hful=f.a fm!oa.,sl w;aoelSu WodyrK fldg f.kyer mdhsX ;jo udOH idudkH jYfhka WKqiquz mqj;a fyda oekg mj;akd ;;ajhg ta lreK iuznkaO jkafka flfiaoehs hkak iuznkaOj Wkkaoqjla olajhsX ieleiau

mqj;am;a ksfjzok mqj;am;a idlpzPd udOHfjzoSkag lreK iuznkaOj oekqj;a lsrSu ps;% fyda ksorAYK f;dr;=re m;%sld udOH f.dkqj$mqj;am;a fuj,u l;Dg ,sms

29

ys;j;a ;SrK .kakd ue;s;=uks”ys;j;a ;SrK .kakd ue;s;=uks”ys;j;a ;SrK .kakd ue;s;=uks”ys;j;a ;SrK .kakd ue;s;=uks” miq.sh wjqreoq lsSmfhaoS rfgz wdrA:sl jrAOkh tl ugzgul mj;sSX ldka;djka il%sh f,i miq.sh wjqreoq lsSmfhaoS rfgz wdrA:sl jrAOkh tl ugzgul mj;sSX ldka;djka il%sh f,i miq.sh wjqreoq lsSmfhaoS rfgz wdrA:sl jrAOkh tl ugzgul mj;sSX ldka;djka il%sh f,i miq.sh wjqreoq lsSmfhaoS rfgz wdrA:sl jrAOkh tl ugzgul mj;sSX ldka;djka il%sh f,i wdrA:sl jrAOkfha kshef,kafka ke;akuz oekg lrf.k hk l%shdldrluz j,g jevwdrA:sl jrAOkfha kshef,kafka ke;akuz oekg lrf.k hk l%shdldrluz j,g jevwdrA:sl jrAOkfha kshef,kafka ke;akuz oekg lrf.k hk l%shdldrluz j,g jevwdrA:sl jrAOkfha kshef,kafka ke;akuz oekg lrf.k hk l%shdldrluz j,g jevsmqr smqr smqr smqr uqo,a fhojSfuka jrAOkhlajSug bv ke;X wOHhk fmkajd oS we;s wdldrhg ^wOHhkhla uqo,a fhojSfuka jrAOkhlajSug bv ke;X wOHhk fmkajd oS we;s wdldrhg ^wOHhkhla uqo,a fhojSfuka jrAOkhlajSug bv ke;X wOHhk fmkajd oS we;s wdldrhg ^wOHhkhla uqo,a fhojSfuka jrAOkhlajSug bv ke;X wOHhk fmkajd oS we;s wdldrhg ^wOHhkhla kuz lrkak& ldka;djkag fm!oa.,sl wxYfha l%shdldrluz lsrSug wjeis iydh ,efnkafka kuz lrkak& ldka;djkag fm!oa.,sl wxYfha l%shdldrluz lsrSug wjeis iydh ,efnkafka kuz lrkak& ldka;djkag fm!oa.,sl wxYfha l%shdldrluz lsrSug wjeis iydh ,efnkafka kuz lrkak& ldka;djkag fm!oa.,sl wxYfha l%shdldrluz lsrSug wjeis iydh ,efnkafka kuz wdrA:sl jrAOkfhys,d idOkSh jsNjhla we;s njhsX tnejska ldka;djka il%Sh f,i kuz wdrA:sl jrAOkfhys,d idOkSh jsNjhla we;s njhsX tnejska ldka;djka il%Sh f,i kuz wdrA:sl jrAOkfhys,d idOkSh jsNjhla we;s njhsX tnejska ldka;djka il%Sh f,i kuz wdrA:sl jrAOkfhys,d idOkSh jsNjhla we;s njhsX tnejska ldka;djka il%Sh f,i wdrA:sl lghq;= j, wdrA:sl lghq;= j, wdrA:sl lghq;= j, wdrA:sl lghq;= j, kshe,Sug ndOd jk m%Odk ndOl ^ndOl kshe,Sug ndOd jk m%Odk ndOl ^ndOl kshe,Sug ndOd jk m%Odk ndOl ^ndOl kshe,Sug ndOd jk m%Odk ndOl ^ndOl olajkakX WodolajkakX WodolajkakX WodolajkakX Wod: bvuz bvuz bvuz bvuz ysusluz” Kh ,nd .ekSug we;s wjia:d f;dr;=re wdosh& weu;Su w;HjYH fjzX fuu ysusluz” Kh ,nd .ekSug we;s wjia:d f;dr;=re wdosh& weu;Su w;HjYH fjzX fuu ysusluz” Kh ,nd .ekSug we;s wjia:d f;dr;=re wdosh& weu;Su w;HjYH fjzX fuu ysusluz” Kh ,nd .ekSug we;s wjia:d f;dr;=re wdosh& weu;Su w;HjYH fjzX fuu lreK iuznkaOj jevsoqr idlpzPd lsrsugg Tn uqK.eiSug oskhla ,ndfok fuka b,a,d lreK iuznkaOj jevsoqr idlpzPd lsrsugg Tn uqK.eiSug oskhla ,ndfok fuka b,a,d lreK iuznkaOj jevsoqr idlpzPd lsrsugg Tn uqK.eiSug oskhla ,ndfok fuka b,a,d lreK iuznkaOj jevsoqr idlpzPd lsrsugg Tn uqK.eiSug oskhla ,ndfok fuka b,a,d isgsuqX isgsuqX isgsuqX isgsuqX fuhg jsYajdis”fuhg jsYajdis”fuhg jsYajdis”fuhg jsYajdis” rdcH fkdjk ixjsOdkrdcH fkdjk ixjsOdkrdcH fkdjk ixjsOdkrdcH fkdjk ixjsOdk fm%aCIlfm%aCIlfm%aCIlfm%aCIl 4 4 4 4 : oajs;Sl b,lal oajs;Sl b,lal oajs;Sl b,lal oajs;Sl b,lal : uyck;djuyck;djuyck;djuyck;dj wka;rA.;h ck;djg fok mKsjsvh meyeos,s ixCIsma; ir, is;a weo.kakd iq:Z l%shdjla wruqKq lr.;a tlla jsh hq;=hsX iEujsgu ck;dj jevigykla u.ska Tjqkag we;sfjk n,mEu fyda m%;s,dN iuznkaOj oek .kakg leu;sfjzX ieleiau

f;dmams” fnd;a;uz” gSIrAgz” nekrA jeks m%pdrl oE m%cdfjz /iajSuz ;=,oS foaYK w;am;s%ld” m;%sld” iy oekajSuz mqj;am;a jdrA;d fyda oekajSuz lreKq we;=,;a m;%sld .=jkajsoq,s jevigyka rEmjdyskS jev fyda m%jD;a;s

NdIdj idrA:l mKsjsvhl iEujsgu b,lal.; lKavdhfuz jsfYaIs; jqQ jeo.;alula we;s fyda Okd;aul me;a;g nrjQ jpk jdlH fyda woyia we;=,;a lr we;X Wod: jYfhka “mjq,”,

“ksoyi”, “ Wkak;sh” “m%cdj” fyda “cd;sl wdrCIdj” hk jpk fjzX

vii. l%shdlaul jSul%shdlaul jSul%shdlaul jSul%shdlaul jSu m%:ufhka lSjd mrsosu iEu b,lalhlgu fjka fjkaj ,.Zdjsh hq;=hX Tjqkf.a Wkkaoq m%ldrj iEu b,lal.; lKavdhulau fjkiajQ mKsjsvhla u.ska n,mEuz we;sl, hq;=hsX iEu b,lal.; lKavdhulg Tjqka Tng iydh olajkjdo tfia;a ke;akuz jsreoaO fjkjdo lreK ms<sn| Tjqkaf.a wjfndaOh wkqj fjkia jQ Wml%u wjYH fjzX Tnf.a b,lal.; lKavdhuz yg ta;aTnf.a b,lal.; lKavdhuz yg ta;aTnf.a b,lal.; lKavdhuz yg ta;aTnf.a b,lal.; lKavdhuz yg ta;a;= .ekajSug Wml%u y|qkd .kak;= .ekajSug Wml%u y|qkd .kak;= .ekajSug Wml%u y|qkd .kak;= .ekajSug Wml%u y|qkd .kak Tnf.a wdh;kh iy b,lal.; lKavdhu w;r tl.Z;dj$fkdtl.Z;djh$ jsrilfha m%udKh u; Wml%u 3la ;sfnzX 1X f;dr;=re iuznkaO Wml%uh 1X f;dr;=re iuznkaO Wml%uh 1X f;dr;=re iuznkaO Wml%uh 1X f;dr;=re iuznkaO Wml%uh Tnf.a lreK iuznkaOj ;SrKhla .ekSu i|yd Tnf.a uQ,sl b,lalh idudkH ck;dj iy wdh;k j,g wjYH ;ruz f;dr;=re ke;eh sys;kakX tnejska fuu ldrKfha

30

jeo.;alu iuznkaOj ck;dj oekqj;a lsrSug Tnf.a wdh;kh ld,h jeh l,hq;=hX f;dr;=re iuznkaO Wml%u iEu jsgu mdfya udOH iy m%pdrl lghq;= ydjs;d lrhsX wksl=;a l%shdldrluz jkafka jgfuzi idlpzPd iy m%isoaO jsjdohsX f;dr;=re iuznkaO Wml%ufha mrudrA:h jkafka ck;djg ^ idudkH ck;dj” wfkl=;a rdcH fkdjk ixjsOdk” wfkl=;a b,lal.; lKavdhuz& Tyqf.a lreK iuznkaOj l%shd;auljSug fhduq lsrSu i|yd tl.Z;djhg meusKSuhsX ish,qu WoafoaYK jHdmdr j,oS f;dr;=re iuznkaO Wml%uh Ndjs;d flfrAX ish,qu WoafoaYK jHdmdr j, hgs wruqKla jkafka ck;dj” wfkl=;a rdcH fkdjk ixjsOdk iy Tnf.a b,lal.; lKavdhuz mjd iuznkaO lr .ekSuhsX Tjqka iuznkaO lr .ekSfuz tla l%uhla jkafka lrefKa jeo.;au iuznkaOj Tjqka oekqj;a lsrSuhsX fuu Wmdh udrA.h Ndjs;d lsrSfuzoS” jvd;a mq:Z,a ck;d m%udKhlg ,xjSu;a Wps;u wdldrfhka Tnf.a mKsjsvh f.khdug;a j.n,d .;hq;=hX f;dr;=re iuznkaO Wml%ufha Ndjs;fha tla jdishla jkafka tys we;s myiqndjhhsX f;dr;=re ,ndoSfuzoS we;sjk .egquz m%udKh b;du wvqhsX .egquz we;sjkafka ;SrK .ekSug b,a,SfuzoS yd l%shd;auljSug b,a,SfuzoSX fuu Wml%ufha wjdishla jkafka thu muKla Ndjs;d l, fkdyelsjSuhsX W.;aluu muKla idudkHfhka iudcSh fjkilg ;=vqosh fkdyelX idudkHfhka l%shdldrlula wjYH fjzX ;jo Tnf.a mKsjsvfhka Tn n,dfmdfrd;a;= jQ b,laalhkag M,odhs f,i ,.Zd jQ oehs oek .ekSug we;s wmyiq;djhhsX f;dr;=re iuznkaO Wml%u Ndjs;fhaoS weiSug we;s m%Yak :

uf.a mKsjsvh l=ulao@ ud ,.Zdjkak W;aiy orkafka ld ,.go@ b,lal tllg jevs m%udKhla we;ao@ fuu Wml%uh Ndjs;d lsrSug wjYH lrk mshjr iuznkaOj uf.a wdh;khg

meyeoss,s o@ ug uf.a idudcsldjka l=ula lsj hq;=o” fldfydu lsjhq;=o hkak ms<sn|j iqodkuz lr we;ao@

fuu Wml%uh i|yd uf.a wdh;kh fhojSug hk iuzm;a fudkjdo@ fuu Wml%uhg fld;ruz l,a.; fjzo@

2X iyfhda.s;d Wml%uh2X iyfhda.s;d Wml%uh2X iyfhda.s;d Wml%uh2X iyfhda.s;d Wml%uh wksl=;a rdcH fkdjk ixjsOdk Tnf.a b,lal.; lKavdhuz iy ck;dj jsiska Tnf.a jHdmdrfha idrA:l;ajh ms<sn|j we;s Wkkaoqj fnod .kakjd hehs is;SuX fmfkk yegshg odrAYksl jsrilhla fkdue;X Tn f;dr;=re iuznkaO Wml%ufhka mgka f.k Tnf.a mKsjsvh iuznkaOj mqoa.,fhla fyda wdh;khla ta;a;= .ekajqKq jsg Tjqka iu.Z Tn iyfhda.s;d Wml%uhg msjsish yelX flfia fj;;a Tnf.a wruqK iuznkaOj f;areuz f.k tl;=Z jQ i.hka isgsk nj Tn y|qkd f.k we;akuz iyfhda.s;d Wml%ufhka jydu wdruzN l,yelX iyfhda.s;d Wml%ufha jsjsO$fndfyda wdh;k j,g jHdmdrh i|yd fmdoq mKsjsvhlaa ilia lr.; hq;=hX Ndjs;d l,yels l%ufjzohka jkafka jkafka iNd. msysgqjSu” mdrA,sfuzka;=jg jsfYaI fyda iydh olajk jdrA;d fyda iy taldnoaO jev igyka meje;ajSuX ^/iajSuz” udOH” idlpzPd& iyfhda.s;d Wml%uh Ndjs;d lrkjd lshkafka tlaflda jev lsrSuhsX usksiqkag iy wdh;k j,g fmdoq w.hka we;s nejska tlaj jev lsrSfuka ;ksj jev lrkjdg jvd M,odhs f,i blaukska ;u wruqK lrd ,.Zdjsh yelX iyfhda.s;d Wml%u ms<sn| jevs f;dr;=re i|yd iNd. f.dv ke.Sfuz fPaoh n,kakX

31

3X jsreoaOjSfuz Wml%uh3X jsreoaOjSfuz Wml%uh3X jsreoaOjSfuz Wml%uh3X jsreoaOjSfuz Wml%uh jsrilj wOsl nejska idlpzPd” .kqfokq fyda l;dny l, fkdyels hehs is;d .ksuq b,lal.; lKavdhuz lreK y|qkd fkd.kakjd muKla fkdj Tnf.a wdh;kho .Kka fkd.kSX fujeks wjia:d j,oS fndfyda jsg Tnf.a wdh;kh u.ska WoafoaYK jHdmdrh ch.%yKh l,fyd;a b,lal.; lKavdhuz j,g huzlsis fohla ke;sjsh yelX jsreoaOjSfuz Wml%ufha fmdoq Wmdh udrA. jkafka jev jrAck” jrAckh lsrSu” iy Woaf>daIkhsX idudkHfhka jsreoaOjdoS Wml%u Ndjs;d lrkafka wjidk m%h;akhka yegshghsX wksla ish,qu Wml%u iy Wmdh udrA. jeroS .shl, wdh;khlg jsreoaOjdoS Wmdh udrA.h Ndjs;d lsrSug isoqjkq we;X jsreoaOjSfuz Wmdh udrA. j, fjkia jQ ugzguz ;sfnzX tuksid jsreoaOjSfuz Wml%u f;dard .ekSfuzoS l%ufhka jsreoaOlu ;sj%r jk l%ufjzo Ndjs;d l,hq;=hX jsreoaOjSfuz Wmdh udrA. j, jdiso ;sfnzX tajd jsfkdaocklo jshyelX yrshdldrj l,fyd;a jsfkdaockl Wmdh udrA. j,g jsYd, ck iydhla ,efnzX wksla jdish jkafka fuu.ska ch.%yKh ,nd.; yelsjSuhsX ft;sydisl iqjsfYaIs iudc fjkiajSuz j,g ;=vqoS we;af;a WoafoaYK jHdmdr j, jsreoaOjdoS .=Kdx.h ksidhX ;=kajk jdrfha m;%sldj merojSu fuhg WodyrhlsX jsreoaOjSfuz Wmdh udrA.fha tla wjdishla jkafka ck;dj thska wE;ajSug we;s bvlvhX rdcH fkdjk ixjsOdkhl idrA:l;ajhg ck;d iydh w;HjYH fjzX tuksidu jsreoaOjSfuz Wml%uh jevs blaukska Ndjs;d l,fyd;a w;HjYH ck iydh Bg fkd,efnkq we;X jsreoaOjSfuz Wml%uh ksidu Tnf.a m%uqL b,lal.; lKavdhu Tnf.a yvZ iy u;h hgm;a lsrSug W;aiy orkq we;X tuksidu Tnf.a jHdmdrfha mKsjsvh jsreoaOjSfuz Wml%uh Ndjs;d lsrSug fmr ck;dj jsiska oekf.k isgsh hq;=hX jsreoaOjSfuz Wml%u Ndjs;d lsrSug weish hq;= m%Yak:

jsreoaOjSfuz Wml%uh Tng l=ula ,ndfoao@ fuu Wml%uh Ndjs;d l,fyd;a Tnf.a idudcsldjkaf.a iydh Tng ;sfnk njg

jsYajdio@ ck;dj Tn fu;ekg meusKSug fmr f.k we;s mshjrhka iuznkaOj fyd| wjfndaOfhka isgsSo@

fuu Wml%uh u.ska ch.%yKh lrd ,.Zdjsh yelso@

Tn yrs b,lalh f;dard f.k we;ao@ Tn yrs b,lalh f;dard f.k we;akuz Tn igka joskafka l=ula i|ydo@ hkak ms<sn|j Tng fydodldrj meyeos,s nj jsYajdio m%Yakh l=ulaoehs wdh;kh flfia is;hso@ Tng ta .ek jsYajdio@

Tn yrs iuSCIKhla lr we;ao@ weursldfjz m%isoaO m%cd ixjsOdhlfhla jk fida,a we,kaials fufia lshd we;X “

iuyr wjia:d j, l%shdjg jvd ;rAlh jsYd, fjzX Tn jsreoaOjSfuz Wmdh udrA.hla mdjspsps lrkjd hehs ;rAckh lrkjd kuz th ;rAckh we;a;o@ jsYajdikSh;ajh mj;ajd f.k hEug Tn WoafoaYK jHdmdrfhaoS lshk iEufoau i;HjSug j. n,d .kak”.

jsreoaOjsSfuz Wml%ufhka Ndjs;d lsrSfuka we;sjk wjOdkuz .ek Tn is;=jdo@ tu wjOdkuz j,g uqyqKoSug Tn iqodkuzo@

Tn ish,qu m%;sjsmdl jsYaf,aIKh fldg iEu tlla i|yd iqodkuzo@ b,lalh Tnf.a Wmdh udrA.hg m%;spdr olajkafka flfiao@ tu m%;spdr j,g

m%;spdr olajkafka flfiao@ fuu Wmdh udrA.hg iuznkaO ish,q fokdu m%;spdr iuznkaOj meyeos,s

wjfndaOhla we;ao@

32

Tnf.a Wmdh udrA.h l%shd;auljSug oekquzoSug we;af;a ldgo@ fuu Wmdh udrA.h ksid ldg fyda whym;a n,mEula we;sfjzo@

iyNd.sjkafkda ljryqo@ Tn udOHg ,.Zd jkafka flfiao@ udOH fuu Wmdh udrA.h iuznkaOj flfia m%;spdr olajhso@

viii. f,dns lsrSuf,dns lsrSuf,dns lsrSuf,dns lsrSu WoafoaYKh iy f,dns lsrSu ks;ru mdfya tlg lshfjk jpkhsX fuu fol w;r we;s fjki meyeos,s lsrSu jeo.;a fjzX f,dns lsrSu iDcq WoafoaYKhka hehs lsjyelX th WoafoaYKh lsrSug fuj,ula ,ndfoaX idudkHfhka WoafoaYK jHdmdrhl f,dns lsrSu jeo.;a l%shdjlsX ;SrK .kakdjqka fyda jeo.;a fma%CIlhka uqK.eiSu iqodku wjia:dj ,ndoSuhsX ks;ru mdfya fuu wjia:djka b;du flgs jk w;r Tng Tnf.a m%Yak bosrsm;a lsrSug tlu wjia:djla muKla ,enSug bv we;X tnejskau Tnf.a fma%CIlhkaf.a is;a weo .kakd iy m%fndaO lrjk l;djla lsrSug fyd| iqodkula wjYHfjzX f,dns l,yelafla ldgo@

;ksj mqrjeishka jYfhka mqrjeis lKavdhuz rdcH fkdjk ixjsOdk ksfhdacs;hka wdh;k fyda Pkaofhka f;dardm;a lr.;a ksfhdacs;hka ;ksju fyda lKavdhuz

lKavdhuz jYfhka wehs f,dns lrkafka

woyia yqjudre lr.ekSug mKsjsvhla lSug yd f;dr;=re tla/ia lr.ekSug lreK$m%Yakh ms<sn|j idlpzPd lsrSug in|;d we;slr .ekSu m%hka; iuznkaOSlrKhg l%shdlrluz ixjsOdkhg Wmfoia ,nd .ekSug yd oSug wruqK iuznkaOfhka wka wh Wkkaoq lrjSug tl.Z;djhlg fyda iuzuq;shlg ,.ZdjSug iydh ,.ZdjSug

lKavdhuz f,dns l,hq;af;a ldgo@

Pkaofhka f;arSm;a jQjkag rcfha ks,OdrSkag m%cdfjz hula l,yels mqrjeishkag ixjsOdk j, yd wdh;k j, ksfhdacs;hkag uqo,a ,nd fokakkag yd iydh oelajShehs is;sh yels whg udOHg

/iajSug fmr lKavdhu

/iajSfuz mrudrA:h l=ulaoehs meyeos,s wjfndaOfhka isgSuX /iajSfuzoS ,.Zdlr .;hq;= foa iuznkaOj meyeos,s jkakX

33

yuqjk wh ms<sn| oek isgskak idlpzPd lsrSug hk lreK iuznkaOj i;H f;dr;=re ,nd .kak mriamr jsfrdaOS m%Yak y|qkd f.k tajdg iqodkuzj isgskak /iajSug hk mqoa.,hka l,ska y|qkd f.k Tjqkaf.a N+usldj,a l,skau ;SrKh

lr.kakX fuu /iajuz j,oS lKavdhu jsiska lreK ;yjqre lr .ekSfuz ,sms iy wksl=;a oE /f.k hdhq;=hsX fufia l,hq;af;a iuyreka wid wjfndaO lr .kakd w;r wka wh lshjSfuka wjfndaO lr .kakd ksidhX /iajSu w;r;=frAoS lKavdhu:

lreK ms<sn| muKla is; fhduq lrf.k isgskak flgz meyeos,s n,.;= mKsjsvhlska wdruzN lrkak iqNjdoSj is;kak fkdlsfmkak lshkfoag fydoska weyqkalka fikak iuzmQrAKj mKsjsvh ,nd fokak ks,OdrSkaf.a ksYaps; iydhka b,a,kak ks,OdrSkaf.a m%;spdrh fydo uos jqKdg wfforAHu;a fkdjkak ks,OdrSka ia;=;s fldg kej; yuqjSulg wjia:dj b,a,d .kak

/iajSfuka miq lKavdhu:

;j ;j;a f;dr;=re imhd osh hq;=hs ia;=;s ,smshla ,sjsh hq;=hs m%Yakh jsifok ;=re ;j ;j;a /iajSuz j,g iyNd.Sjs hq;=hs

WoafoaYKh hkq l=ulWoafoaYKh hkq l=ulWoafoaYKh hkq l=ulWoafoaYKh hkq l=ulaaaao @ o @ o @ o @ ^w;a m;%sld 2&^w;a m;%sld 2&^w;a m;%sld 2&^w;a m;%sld 2& WoafoaYKh hkq huzlsis m%Yakhla fyda whs;sjdislula ,nd .ekSug ;SrK .kakdjqka fhduq lsrSu i|yd ixjsOdkh jqKq mqrjeishka jsiska WmdhYS,Sj fmd<Ujk l%shdoduhlsX huzlsis lreKla fyda fya;=jla fjkqfjka WoafoaYKfha fhfokafka

• tu lreK fyda fya;=j fjkqfjka iydh f.dv k.d .ekSug • wka whf.a iydh ta fjkqfjka ,nd .ekSug n,mEuz lsrSug • thg n,mdk kS;s m%;smdok fjkia lsrSug fyda tajdg n,mEuz lsrSug

WoafoaYKfha wjia:djka 1X Tnf.a lreK y|qkd .ekSuX

• .eg:Zj wrA: oelajSuX • ms<s;=re y|qkd .ekSuX • wjOdku flfrA ys; fhduq lsrSuX • wruqK iy wNsu;drA: f.dv k.d .ekSuX • foaYmd,k iydh ,nd .ekSuX

2X b,lal y|qkd.ekSuX

• uQ,sl • fojeks

34

• ndOd iy iuznkaOjkakka y|qkd .ekSu 3X iuSCIKfha fhoSu 4X iNd. f.dv ke.Su 5X mKsjsvfha wruqK f.dv k.d .ekSu 6X l%shd;aul jSu

• uyck;djg oekqu ,ndfok oekqj;a lrk jev ms<sfj,j,a l%shd;aul lrkak • /iajSuz meje;ajSu • fm;aiuz ilia lsrSu • jsfrdaO;d /,s • ;SrK .kakd wh iu.Z n, lsrSfuz /iajSuz

7X f,dns lsrSu - n, lsrSfuz /iajSuz 11X m%;sm;a;s ms<sn| fjkila wjYH m%Yakh y|qkd .ekSu m%;sm;a;suh l%shdjla wjYH lrk m%Yakhla y|qkd .ekSu u.ska l%shdoduh wdruzN fjzX th ieujsgu rcfha ueosy;ajSfuka jsi|sh hq;= m%YakhlsX Wod:-

• m%dfoaYSh iNdj, ldka;d ksfhdackh 33% lska jevsjsSu • ldka;djkg bvuz ,nd .ekSu i|yd iu wjia:d Wodjk mrsos bvuz ixjrAOk wdd

mk; ixfYdaOkh lsrSSuX fmdoq m%;sm;a;s m%Yakhla f;dard .ekSfuzoS weish hq;= m%YakX 1X ;SrK .kakd whf.a wjOdkh fuu m%Yakh flfrA fhduq jS weoao@ 2X fuh ie,lsh fldgilg n,mdk m%Yakhlao@ 3X fuu m%Yak ksrdlrKhg wod, rcfha wdh;k ;sfnzo@ 4X fuu m%Yakh uyck;djg oefkkjdo@ 5X fuu m%Yakh jsi|Q miq m%;s,dNSkaf.a cSjk ;;ajh k.d isgqfjhso@ 6X fuu m%Yakh jsioSug fld;ruz uqo,a jehfjzo@ m%Yakhg jsi|quz y|qkd .ekSu

• m%Yak jsioSfuzoS uqyqKoSug jkfoa j,ska tlla jkafka .eg:Zjg ms<s;=re iemhSuhsX WodyrK :-

• m%dfoaYSh iNdj, ldka;d ksfhdackh jevs lsrSu i|yd 33 1$3%l fldagdjla b,a,d isgsSuX

• rcfha bvuz fnod oSfuzoS ldka;djkgo iu whs;sh ,nd.ekSug yelsjk mrsos wdd my; ixfYdaokh lsrSuX

m%;sm;a;shuh jsi|quz fidhd .ekSfuzoS rcfha m%;sm;a;s” rcfha fr.=,dis yd rcfha l%shdmgsmdgsluzo fjkia lsrSug isoqfjzX jsiq|qu fidhd .ekSfuzoS ie,lsh hq;= lreKq :-

• jsi\quz ,nd .ekSug wka whf.a iydh ,enqKs o@ • Tn th wka whg .e,fmk fia jsia;rd;aul igyka ;enqfjzo@

35

• Tfnz jsi|qu iuSCIKfhaoS fidhd .;a f;dr;=re Ndjs;hg f.k ;sfnzo@ .eg,qj yd jsi|qu y|qkd .;a miq WoafoaYK jHdmdrfha we;s wjOdku .ek is; fhduq l, hq;=hX we;euz jsg wod, m%Yakh ms<sn|j WoafoaYKh fldg fmdoq jsioSula fkd,enSfuz wjOdkula mj;SX WodX jYfhka m%dfoaYSh iNdj, ldka;d ksfhdackh jevs lsrSula b,a,d isgSfuka msrsusskg Pkaohg bosrsm;ajSug we;s wjia:d wjujSu fya;=fjka th ms<sn|j iqNjdoSj ne,Sug ;SrKhka fkdfm<fUkakg ms,sjkX wwwwruqK f.dvk.d .ekSuX ruqK f.dvk.d .ekSuX ruqK f.dvk.d .ekSuX ruqK f.dvk.d .ekSuX wruqK jkdys wod,j .eg,qj ms<sn|j l%shd lsrSfuka Tnf.a wdhlkh oSrA> ld,Skj idlaId;a lr .ekSug n,dfmdfrd;a;=jk m%;s,dNhsX fuu jev igyk Tn wdh;k jsiska l, hq;af;a ukao hk m%Yakhg wruqK jsiskau ms,s;=re iemhsh hq;=hX tfiau iEu wruqKlau .=Kd;aul nj m%udKh yd jev igyk wjidk lsrSug .;jk ld,h ms<sn|j ksrEmk jsh hq;=hX jev igyfka b,lalh iy .eg:Z j,g wruqK iuznkaO jsh hq;=hXwruqK ueksh yels ;;ajfha ;snsh hq;=hX wruqKla b,lal lr .ekSu mshjr lSmhlska iukajs;hX flgs ld,hloS idlaId;a lr.;” yels bkamiq mshjfrka mshjr bosrshg hk b,lal we;slr .ekSug wjYHhX mshjr 1mshjr 1mshjr 1mshjr 1 - wruqK y|qkd .ekSuX : Tnf.a osia;%slalfha m%dfoaYSh iNd j, ldka;d ksfhdackhka jevs lsrSuX mshjr 2mshjr 2mshjr 2mshjr 2---- wruqfKa m%udKd;aul nj:

Tnf.a m%dfoaYSh iNdfjz ldka;d ksfhdack;ajh 10 % lska jevs lsrSuX mshjr 3mshjr 3mshjr 3mshjr 3 ---- Tnf.a m%dfoaYSh iNdj i|yd kdhl;aj .=Kdx. we;s mqyqKqj ,;a ldka;djka wju jYfhka 10 % la j;a Pkaoh i|yd bosrsm;a lsrSuX mshjr 4mshjr 4mshjr 4mshjr 4 - ld, jljdkqj fhdokak : Tnf.a m%dfoaYSh iNdj i|yd kdhl;aj .=Kdx. we;s mqyqKqj ,;a ldka;djka wju jYfhka 10 % la j;a 2010 jk jsg f;dardm;a lr .ekSuX wruqK hkq jevigykl l%shdldrluz fyda fhojquz j, m%;sm,hla usi l%shdldrluz yd fhojquz fkdfjzX b,lal iy b,lal lKavdhuz y|qkd .ekSuX b,lal iy b,lal lKavdhuz y|qkd .ekSuX b,lal iy b,lal lKavdhuz y|qkd .ekSuX b,lal iy b,lal lKavdhuz y|qkd .ekSuX ish,qu WoafoaYK jHdmdr j,g b,lal.; lKavdhuz isgSX tu b,lal.; lKavdhuz uq,oS y|qkd .; hq;=hX bkamiq WoafoaYKh lsrSug n,dfmdfrd;a;= jk lKavdhu b,lal.; lKavdhfuz ia:djrh f;areuz .; hq;=hX wod, .eg,qqjg b,lal.; lKavdhu tl.Zo keoao hk j. f;areuz .; hq;=hX irs,k fmdoq m%;sm;a;s wdh;k y|qkd.;a miq m%;sm,h ,nd .ekSug Wmldr l,yels tu wdh;k ;=, isgsk m%Odk mqoa.,hska y|qkd .;hq;=hX Tyq$weh kS;sfjzosfhla” weu;s flfkla” ldrAhd, ks,Odrsfhla jsh yelshX wNsfhda.h jkafka ;SrK .kakd l%shdodufha isgsk jeo.;au mqoa.,hd y|qkd .ekSuhsX WoafoaYKhg Wojq lrk fyda fkdlrk tajdf.au l%fudamdh ie,iqfuzoS rcfhka msg wdh;k iy Wkkaoqjla we;s WoafoaYKhg jsreoaOjkakka y|qkd .ekSuo w;HjYH fjzX rcfha we;=,; yd msg; Wojq lrkakka yd jsreoaOjdoSka y|qkd .ekSfuka WoafoaYK jHdmdrhg iydh ,nd .ekSug iy jsreoaOjdoSka oqrAj, lsrSug yelX b,lal y|qkd .ekSub,lal y|qkd .ekSub,lal y|qkd .ekSub,lal y|qkd .ekSu iEu jHdmdrhlu m%uqL;u iy fojeks jYfhka b,lal jrA. 2 la we;X

36

1X m%uqL b,lalh 1X m%uqL b,lalh 1X m%uqL b,lalh 1X m%uqL b,lalh wod, lreK iuznkaOfhka ;SrK .kakd mqoa.,hd fyda wdh;k m%uqL b,lalh jsh hq;=hX Tnf.a wdh;khg wjYH foa oSug yels mqoa.,hd m%uqL;u b,lalhhsX Tn WoafoaYKh l, hq;af;a TyqghsX wjYH lrk m%;sm;a;s t<s oelajSu l%shd;aul lsrSug fyda wjysr lsrSug yels ;;ajhl isgsk rcfha mqoa.,hska yd rcfha wdh;k y|qkd .ekSu w;HdjYH fjzX iEujsgu mdfya m%;sm;a;s j,g jsi|quz fijSfuzoS tlu wxYhlg fkdj jsjsOdldr jQ uKav, j,g fhduqjSu wjYHhX kuq;a iEu lreKloSu Tn l%shd;aul lsrSug hk fmdoq m%;sm;a;s ia:djrh wjysr lsrSug fyda tl.ZjSug yels ish,Qu uKav, .ek jsmruz lsrSug wjYH fjzX WodyrK WodyrK WodyrK WodyrK m%dfoaYSh iNdj, ldka;d ksfhdackh jevs lsrSu i|yd kS;s ixfYdaOkhg jeo.;a jkafka mdrA,sfuzka;=fjka uka;%Skag n,mEuz lsrSuX m%uqL b,lalh - ckdOsm;s;=ud m,d;amd,k lghq;= ndr weu;s” mCI f,aluzjre” uka;%Sjreka X m%uqL b,lalh y|qkd .ekSfusoS weish hq;= m%Yak :

• Tng iy Tnf.a wdh;khg wjYH foa ,ndoSug n,h we;af;a ldgo@ kS;sh yd m%;sm;a;s iuznkaOj ;SrK .kafka ljqo@ th l%shd;aul lsrSfuz j.lSu we;af;a ldgo@

• Tjqka flfrys Tng l,yels n,mEu fudllao@ 2X oajs;Sl b,lalh 2X oajs;Sl b,lalh 2X oajs;Sl b,lalh 2X oajs;Sl b,lalh oajs;Sl b,lalh jkdys Tng wjYH foa oSug n,h fyda wOsldrs;ajh fkdue;s ;j;a m%uqL b,lalhkg n,mEuz l,yels whj,qkahX idudkHfhka m%uqL b,lalhg jvd fuu mqoa.,hka flfrys Tng n,mEuz l,yelshX we;euz jsg m%uqL b,lalfha iuyr idudcsldjka oajs;Sl b,lalho jsh yelshX oajs;Sl b,lalhka y|qkd .ekSfuzoS weish hq;= m%Yak

• Tng iy Tnf.a wdh;khg wjYH foa oSu i|yd ;SrK .kakd mqoa.,hdg ta;a;= .ekajSug Tng Wojq l,yelso@

• Tjqka u; Tng l=ug n,mEula l, yelso@ b,lal i|yd u;l ;nd .;hq;= ks.ukhka :

• b,lalh iEujsgu tla mqoa.,fhla fjzX wdh;khla fkdfjzX Tn kS;sh fjkia lsrSug hdfuzoS Tng mdrA,sfuzka;= nyq;rhl Pkaoh wjYH jQ” Tn tla mqoa.,fhla flfrys Tnf.a b,lalh mqoa.,sl lr .;hq;=hX tla wjia:djloS tla mdrA,sfuzka;= uka;%S flfkl= b,lal lr .kakX

• b;du ixlSrAK jQ wdh;k j,skao tla mqoa.fhla f;dard .;hq;= fjzX • b,lalhka lSysmhla iEu lreKlgu we;;a Tnf.a jHdmdrhg jvd;a myiq

b,lalh f;dard .kakX oajs;Sl b,lal.; lKavdhuz y|qkd .ekSuX WodyrK: m%foaYSh iNdj, ldka;d ksfhdackh jevs lsrSu i|yd kS;s ixfYdaOkhg mdrA,sfuzka;= uka;%Skag n,mEuz lsrSuX oajs;Sl b,laloajs;Sl b,laloajs;Sl b,laloajs;Sl b,lal ckdOsm;s;=udf.a mqoa.,sl f,aluzjre m,d;a md,k weu;s;=udf.a iuznkaOSlrK f,aluz” foaYmd,k mCI j, ldka;d wxY” udOHlrejka” m%dfoaYSh wdOdr fok wdh;kX

37

fojk mshjrfojk mshjrfojk mshjrfojk mshjr: b,lalfha ;;ajh y|qkd .kakX 3X us;% yd jsreoaOjoSka Tn Tnf.a m%uqL;dj yd oajs;Sl b,lalhka y|qkd.;a miq Tjqka us;% fyda jsreoaOjdoSkao hkak y|qkd .;hq;=hX Tng Wojq l,yels mqoa.,hka” wdh;k yd ixjsOdk us;=rka yegshg .Kka .efkaX Tnf.a b,lalh imqrd .ekSug iy Tn iu.Z jev lsrSug f;dard .; hq;af;a TjqkahX WoafoaYK jHdmdr j,g ndOd lsrSug Wkkaoqjla olajkafka jsreoaOjdoSkahX lKavdhuz jev j,g ndOd lsrSug we;s ienE Yla;sh wkqj Tjqka n,.;= fyda oqrAj, jsh yelX jHdmdrh iDcqj wvmK lsrSug yelshdjka we;a;jqka n,.;= .khg .efkaX tu jsreoaOjdoSka us;=re f.dkakg oud .ekSu jeo.;ahX

isoaOs wOHkhisoaOs wOHkhisoaOs wOHkhisoaOs wOHkh 1325 lKavdhu ldka;djkaf.a whs;sjdisluz ,nd .ekSu i|yd osia;%sla 25 u ldka;d kdhsldjka 25 fofkl=f.a iukajs; lKavdhulaX Tjqkaf.a oekqu yd l=i,;d jrAOkh lsrSu i|yd jsfYaI mqyqKq mdGud,d .Kkdjla meje;ajqjdX tu mqyqKqfjzoS WoafoaYKh i|yd jk .eg,qj jYfhka y|qkd .kafka” ldka;djkg foaYmd,khg wj;SrAKjSug we;s ndOd bj;alr Tjqkaf.a foaYmd,k iyNd.s;ajh m%jrAOkh lsrSuX ndOdjka l=ulaoehs Tjqka idlpzPd l,dX ms;DuQ,sl wdl,am” wruqo,a ys.Zh ldka;djkaf.a f;jeoEreuz ldrAhh m%ckavldrS uer foaYmd,kh wdos lreKq uev meje;ajSug bosrshg hkafka flfiao@ ms<sn|j Tjqkaf.a wjOdkh fhduq jqKdX mj;sk l%uh ;=, Y;jrAI .Kkdjla .sho” fjkila isoqjkafka fyuska nj yqjdoelajSfuz wjYH;djh Tjqkg meyeos,s jqKdX ldka;d foaYmd,kh m%jrAOkh lsrSu i|yd fjk;a rgj, w;aoelSuz yd foaYSh jYfhka f.khk jHdmdr Tjqka wOHhkh l,dX ldka;d foaYmd,k m%jrAOkh i|yd foaYmd,k mCI j, lemjSu ;SrK .kakd ugzguz j, ixfjzoS;djh wvqnj Tjqka f;areuz .;a;dX ta ksid 33%l wdik ixLHdjla fldagdjla jYfhka wdruzNfhaoS m%dfoaYSh iNd ugzguska ldka;djkg ,nd fok f,ig b,a,d foaYmd,k kdhlhka uqK .eiSug Tjqka ;SrKh l,dX ta i|yd Tjqka okakd y|qkk foaYmd,k kdhlhskaf.a iydh ,nd .;a;dX

Tjqka ldka;d foaYmd,kfha ldka;d iyNd.s;ajfha wjYH;djh ms<snsUq lrk” ikafoaYhla ilia fldg mdrA,sfuzka;=fjz uka;%Sjrekag hejzjdX tu kdhsldjka 25 fokd ;uka ksfhdackh lrk osia;%sla j, mdrA,sfuzka;= uka;%Ska uqK.eiS ;u b,a,Suz ,nd .ekSug ksfhda. ,ndfok f,i b,a,d isgshyX mdrA,sfuzka;=fjz m%;sixialrK fldusIka iNdfjz iNdm;s;=ud we;=,q wod, weu;sjreka uqK.eiSug Tjqka fj,djla ,nd .;a;dX

ldka;d kdhsldjka 25 fokdu ^fuu kdhsldjka jsjsO mCI ksfhdackh lrk msrsi& l;sld lr.;a oskhl mdrA,sfuzka;=jg f.dia” Pkao m%;sixialrK fldusika iNdfjz iNdm;s;=ud wod, weu;sjre jsmCI lKavdhuz j, kdhlhska uqK.eiS ixfoaY ndroS Tjqka iu.Z ;u b,a,Suz bosrsm;a l,dX tkuz 33%l wdikak ixLHdjla m%dfoaYSh iNd j,ska ,nd.; yels mrsos fldagdjla fjkalr fok f,ig Tjqka ue;s weu;sjreka f.ka b,a,d isgshd ue;s weu;sjreka Tjqka lshk fohg ijka oqkakdX jevs fofkla m%ldY lr isgsfha foaYmd,k mCI ugzguska ldka;d ksfhdack;’ajh jevs lsrSu i|yd m%;sm;a;suh ;SrKhlla .;hq;= njhX fldagdjla ,ndoSu ms<sn|j ia:sr m%ldYhla Tjqka ,nd \qkako tys m%udKh ms<sn| ia:Sr;ajhlg meusKsfha ke;’ flfia jqj;a ;u b,a,Suz bosrsm;a lr yvZla ke.Sug tosk ldka;d kdhsldjka 25 fokdg yelshdjla ,enqKdX 1X fm<UjSu ^f,dns lsrSu& i|yd fuu lKavdhu wkq.ukh l< l%ufjzoh jsia;r lrkakX

38

4 fjks ieisjdrh4 fjks ieisjdrh4 fjks ieisjdrh4 fjks ieisjdrh

udOH udOH udOH udOH wruqK wruqK wruqK wruqK - foaYmd,k lrA;jHhg wjYH ikaksfjzokh iy m%;srEm f.dvke.Su ms<sn|j foaYmd,k lrA;jHhg wjYH ikaksfjzokh iy m%;srEm f.dvke.Su ms<sn|j foaYmd,k lrA;jHhg wjYH ikaksfjzokh iy m%;srEm f.dvke.Su ms<sn|j foaYmd,k lrA;jHhg wjYH ikaksfjzokh iy m%;srEm f.dvke.Su ms<sn|j oekqu yd l=i,;d jrAOkh oekqu yd l=i,;d jrAOkh oekqu yd l=i,;d jrAOkh oekqu yd l=i,;d jrAOkh wka;rA.;hka wka;rA.;hka wka;rA.;hka wka;rA.;hka

• udOH hkq l=ulao@ • foaYmd,k lghq;= j,g udOH Ndjs;d lrkafka flfiao@ • mqj;am;a idlpzPd” mqj;am;a ksfjzok “ .=jkajsoq,s idlpzPd” fmdaiagrA” w;am;%sld”

nekrA mdjspsps lsrSuX • udOH ie,iqula ilia lsrSu • ikaksfjzok l=i,;d jrAOkh

ld,h mehld,h mehld,h mehld,h meh ---- 03 hs l%uhl%uhl%uhl%uh ---- nqoaOs l,uznkh” foaYk” lKavdhuz idlpzPd wjYHfoa wjYHfoa wjYHfoa wjYHfoa ---- *a,sma pdrAgz” udrAlrA mEka weuqkquzweuqkquzweuqkquzweuqkquz w;a m;%sld 1 - wjOdkh ,nd .ksuska udOH iu. M,odhs f,i lghq;= lsrsu w;a m;%sld 2 - udOH ie,iqula ilia lsrSu w;a m;%sld 3 - m%jD;a;s ksfjzokhla ,shkafka flfiao@ u.Z fmkajSu u.Z fmkajSu u.Z fmkajSu u.Z fmkajSu

• udOH hkq l=ulao@ ^nqoaOs l,uznkh&jskdvs 30 • udOH hkq l=ulao@ ^foaYkh&jskdvs 15 • ikaksfjzokh i|yd jk fuj,uz îdlpzPd yd foaYk & jskdvs 30 • udOHh ie,iqula ilia lsrSu lKavdhuz idlpzPd - jskdvs 30 • ikaksfjzok l=i,;d jrAOkh ms<sn|j mqyqKqjla - meh 1

wjOdkh ,nd .ksuska udOH iu.Z M,odhs f,i lghq;= lsrSuXwjOdkh ,nd .ksuska udOH iu.Z M,odhs f,i lghq;= lsrSuXwjOdkh ,nd .ksuska udOH iu.Z M,odhs f,i lghq;= lsrSuXwjOdkh ,nd .ksuska udOH iu.Z M,odhs f,i lghq;= lsrSuX ir, fhir, fhir, fhir, fhdackd 12ladackd 12ladackd 12ladackd 12la ^w;a m;%sld 1&^w;a m;%sld 1&^w;a m;%sld 1&^w;a m;%sld 1&

1X m,uqj kj fldaKhla fidhd .kakX Tn idlaId;a lr .ekSug hkafka fyda lrf.k we;s oEyS ienE fjki l=ulaoehs Tfnka m%Yak lrkakX Tfnz jefvz we;s M,h l=ulao@ idudkHfhka okakd fohla ;yjqre lrk l;djla wjOdkhg fhduqjkafka ke;X kuq;a w,q;a f;dr;=rla iuznkaOj mqj;la fydaa iuzu; wjia:djla f;dard .kakX Tn lrd iEufoagu udOH wjOdkh fkd,efnzX

2X jD;a;Suh jpk ud,djla mdjzpzps fkdlr flgs kuq;a meyeos,s m%ldYflgs kuq;a meyeos,s m%ldYflgs kuq;a meyeos,s m%ldYflgs kuq;a meyeos,s m%ldY jsr, is;a weo .kakd iq:Z tfukau ld,Sk jeo.;a mKsjsv u.ska lrkakX

3X fuh ;r.ZldrS f,dalhlsX Tn lrk jev j,g iy Tn idlaId;a lr.;a foa j,g m%isoaOshla wjYH kuz ta fjkqfjka uykais jS l%shd l,hq;= fjzX udOH Tfnz fodrlvg meusfKkafka ke;X thg oevs W;aiydhoevs W;aiydhoevs W;aiydhoevs W;aiydh ksrAudKYS,s;ajh iy in|;d f.dv ke.Su wjYH fjzX Tfnz jsreoaOjdoS ;r.Zlrejka udOH wjOdkh

39

,nd .kafka kuz Tjqka ud by;ska i|yka l,foa lruska Tjqkaf.a we;s fjki idrA:l f,i ikaksfjzokh lr we;X

4X4X4X4X mj;sk jsjsO udOH y|qkd .kakX mj;sk jsjsO udOH y|qkd .kakX mj;sk jsjsO udOH y|qkd .kakX mj;sk jsjsO udOH y|qkd .kakX th ikafvz ,SvrA” fvz,S uSrrA” ,lansu” *hskEkaish,a ghsuzia jsh hq;=u ke;X iudcfha iEu ia:rhlu tu ia:r wdjrKh jk m%ldYk we;X Tnf.a wi,ajeis mqia;ld,hg fyda m%jD;a;s t,solajk ;ekg hkakX wka;rAcd,ho b;d jsYsIag wjia:d ,ndfoaX Tnf.a jev j,g iuznkaO cd;Hka;r fyda cd;sl mqj;a jrA. nyq,j wka;rAcd,fha we;X Wod: jYfhka Tng www.google.lk, Y%S ,xld fyda www.google.com ,nd .;yelX

5X yels wjia:d j,oS ikaksfjzok ,ehsia;=jlaikaksfjzok ,ehsia;=jlaikaksfjzok ,ehsia;=jlaikaksfjzok ,ehsia;=jla ilia lsrSug wka;rAcd,h Ndjs;d lrkakX Wod: jYfhka Google m%jD;a;s fyda fjk;a m%jD;a;s udOHhlg f.dia Tnf.a m%Odk jpkh ghsma lrkakX fuu.ska Tnf.a jev yd iuznkaO mqj;a j,g hdyelX f,aLlhkaf.a kuz jsoaHq;a ,smsko fidhd .kakX fndfyda jsg tu ,smsfhau Tjqkaf.a jsia;r i|ykaj we;X fufia Tjqkaf.a b,lal.; udOHhkaf.a ,ehsia;=jla idod .;yelX Wod: jYfhka Tn w|qrk yd Tnf.a jev .ek Wkkaoqjla olajk iy ta iuznkaO ,shk” Tng 25 fofkl=f.a ,ehsia;=jla idod .ekSug yels kuz thska y;frka tlla fyda 6 fofkla fyda 7 fofkla Wkkaoqjla olajkafka kuz iEySug m;ajsh yelX ms<s;=re imhkafka ke;skuz Tfnz ,ehsia;=fjz ;snsh hq;= jkafka Tjqka miqj fyda ms<s;=re iemhSug bv we;s ksidhX

6X wo ld,fha jdrA;dlrejkag mqj;a hejSug we;s fydou udrA.h jsoaHq;a jsoaHq;a jsoaHq;a jsoaHq;a ;emE,hsX;emE,hsX;emE,hsX;emE,hsX wk;=re we.ZjSula lrkak leu;shsX jdrA;dlrejka l;d j,ska kdjkakg fkdhkakX l;d f;dard .kakX yels wjia:d j,oS oqrl;k u.ska miqjsmruz lrkakX jdrA;dlrejka f.ka Tfnz l;d tjSu iuznkaOj Tjqkaf.a leue;a; jsuikakX idudkHfhka Tjqka leue;a;la olajhsX

7’ jdrA;dlrejka l;d l, jsgoS Tjqkag l;d lrkakXTjqkag l;d lrkakXTjqkag l;d lrkakXTjqkag l;d lrkakX Tjqka idudkHfhka ld, mSvkhg ueosjS lghq;= lrhsX Tjqkag WmldrS jS f;dr;=re ,ndoSug fkduiqrejkakX Tjqkf.a ld, igyka j, huz kuHYS,s njla ;snqKo th b;d wjuhl mj;SX Tn hula fkdokafka kuz th oekf.k olajk nj jdrA;dlreg lshkakX

8’ Tn oekgu;a Tnf.a wdh;kh tys miqnsu” Tn lrk jev .ek jsia;r Tnf.a wdh;kfha kdhl;ajh Tn,d ,nd.;a idrA:l;ajfha WodyrK iy fjk;a jdrA;dlrejkag jeo.;a hehs ysf;k oE tl,ia fldg idod.;a udOH tl,ia fldg idod.;a udOH tl,ia fldg idod.;a udOH tl,ia fldg idod.;a udOH lgzg,hlalgzg,hlalgzg,hlalgzg,hla ilia fldg ke;akuz

9X mqj;am;a ksrSCIKh lrkakXmqj;am;a ksrSCIKh lrkakXmqj;am;a ksrSCIKh lrkakXmqj;am;a ksrSCIKh lrkakX Tnf.a jevj,g iuznkaO jdrA;djla oqgqjfyd;a tys jdrA;dlre fidhd .kakX Tyqg fyda wehg l;d fldg Tjqkaf.a jdrA;d fyda jdrA;djla lshjk nj okajd fjk;a fldaKhla iuznkaOj ys;d n,kak idlpzPdjla lsrSug leu;s hehs mjikakX

10X Tnf.a wdh;kfha udOH yd iuznkaO jk mqoa.,hd udOH weu;=uz j,g hym;a Tnf.a wdh;kfha udOH yd iuznkaO jk mqoa.,hd udOH weu;=uz j,g hym;a Tnf.a wdh;kfha udOH yd iuznkaO jk mqoa.,hd udOH weu;=uz j,g hym;a Tnf.a wdh;kfha udOH yd iuznkaO jk mqoa.,hd udOH weu;=uz j,g hym;a m%;spdr olajkafkl= hehs j. n,d .kakX m%;spdr olajkafkl= hehs j. n,d .kakX m%;spdr olajkafkl= hehs j. n,d .kakX m%;spdr olajkafkl= hehs j. n,d .kakX Tn jdrA;dlrefjl= iu.Z l;d lsrSug Tnf.a jevmf,a iylrefjl= fyda fjk;a flfkl= m;a;r jdrA;dlre l;d lrk wjia:djloS Tyq fyda weh “ uu Wkkaoq kE” “ug we;a;gu fj,dj kE” fyda “fuz jsIh iuznkaOj l;d lsrSug ug we;a;gu miqnsula kE” hkak mejiqjfyd;a jdrA;dlre iu.Z ;sfnk iuznkaO;djh ns|Sug ,lafjzX

11X udOH iu.Z l;d lsrSfuzoS iEujsgu Tfnz jev iu.Z oevs iuiEujsgu Tfnz jev iu.Z oevs iuiEujsgu Tfnz jev iu.Z oevs iuiEujsgu Tfnz jev iu.Z oevs iuznkaO;djhka znkaO;djhka znkaO;djhka znkaO;djhka we;s we;s we;s we;s tys cSj;ajk mqoa.,fhla nj ;yjqre lrkakXtys cSj;ajk mqoa.,fhla nj ;yjqre lrkakXtys cSj;ajk mqoa.,fhla nj ;yjqre lrkakXtys cSj;ajk mqoa.,fhla nj ;yjqre lrkakX udOH iu.Z hk Tzku flfkl=g fuh fmdoqfjzX

40

12X udOHhg NhjSug wjYH;djhla ke;X NhjSug wjYH;djhla ke;X NhjSug wjYH;djhla ke;X NhjSug wjYH;djhla ke;X udOH iu.Z lghq;= lsrSfuka Tnf.a wdh;khg jsYd, hym;a wjOdkhla ,nd .;yelX jdrA;dlrejkag Tnf.a jev iy th iudcfha W!k;djhka mQrAKh lsrSu tfukau fjk;a hula idlaId;a lr .ekSug hEu ms<sn| wjfndaOhla f.dvk.d .ekSug yelskuz Tnf.a wdh;khg b;d fyd| m%;sm, ,nd .;yelX m%;sm,h jkafka Tnf.a wdh;khg jvd;a wjOdkhla iy tu.ska Tn jev lrk ck;djg m%;s,dN fyda Tn m;=rejkakg hk mKsjsvh idrA:l f,i me;srjSuhsX

udOH ie,iqula ilia lr .kafka flfiao@udOH ie,iqula ilia lr .kafka flfiao@udOH ie,iqula ilia lr .kafka flfiao@udOH ie,iqula ilia lr .kafka flfiao@ ^w;a m;%sld 2&^w;a m;%sld 2&^w;a m;%sld 2&^w;a m;%sld 2& fuu iels,a, u.ska cd;sl m,d;a iy m%dfoaYSh udOH wdh;k iu.Z jev lsrSu ms<sn|j woyia yd fhdackd lSmhla bosrsm;a lrhsX fuh ia:sr jYfhkau l,hq;a;la iys; f,aLkhla fkdjk w;r fuhska flfrkafka M,odhs udOH ie,iqula idod .ekSug woyia iy jeo.;a ud;Dld iuznkaOj o, igykla bosrsm;a lsrSuhsX Tn jsiska idod .kakd ie,iqu iuyr jsg fuhg fjkia jQ Tnf.a wjYH;djhka u; mokuz jQ tlla jsh yelX wjYH jkafka Tn ie,iqula Tiafia thska neyer fkdhd lghq;= lsrSu iy ksrAudKYS,Sj is;SuhsX udOH iu.Z M,odhs f,i .kqfokq lsrSu ieugu irs,k tlu iq;%hla u; mokuz fkdfjzX tfukau th wia:sr ixl,am u;o mokuz fkdfjzX udOHhkag ,.ZdjSu wmyiq ldrAhhla fkdfjzX kuq;a idrA:l m%;sM, fk,d .ekSug - idudkHfhka jeo.;a mKsjsvhla fyda mKsjsv we;=,;a l;djla - Tn l,hq;af;a udOHhg l,g fj,djg yrs f;dr;=re iemhSu iy ta f;dr;=re u.ska Tnf.a mrudrA:h uqoqkam;a lrjd .ekSug tu f;dr;=re Wojq fjkafka flfiaoehs oek isgSuhsX my; oelafjkafka udOH ie,iqul o, igykhsX th ish,qu wjYH lrk fldgia j, jsia;r imhk w;r h:drA;jdoS WodyrK u; mokuz fjzX fuys oelafjkafka mqia;ld,hl ksjdvq ld,fhaoS lshjSuz jev igykla ms<sn| m%nkaOhlsX idudkHfhka ish,qu udOH ie,iquz tlu o, igykla u; .uka lrk ksid Tnf.a wdh;kfha wjYH;djhka mrsos fuh ilid .;yelX udOH ie,iqfuz o, igykudOH ie,iqfuz o, igykudOH ie,iqfuz o, igykudOH ie,iqfuz o, igyk 1X Tnf.a wruqKq olajkak1X Tnf.a wruqKq olajkak1X Tnf.a wruqKq olajkak1X Tnf.a wruqKq olajkak udOH iu.Z iuznkaOluz we;slr .ekSfuka Tn idlaId;a lr.kak hkafka l=ulao@ Tnf.a wruqKq oSrA> ld,Sko ^jir .Kkdjla osfjk&fyda flgs ld,Sko ^ fyg” B,.Z i;sh” B,.Z udih&@ fyd|u foa kuz idrA:l;ajh ueksh yels m%;sm, wruqKq lr b,lal lr.;a ksYaps; wruqKq ;snsh hq;=hsX u;l ;nd .kakX Tnf.a wjidk b,lalh jkafka b,lal .; fma%CIlhdg udOH ;=,ska ,.ZdjSuhsX WodyrK jYfhka Tnf.a wruqKq j,g we;=,;a jsh yelafla

2008 mqia;ld,fha ksjdvq ld,fha lshjSuz jev igyka iy tys ld, igyk ms<zn|j m%cdj oekqj;a lsrSuX

lshjSuz jev igyfka iyNd.s;ajh jevs lsrSuX idCIr;djh ke;s ;reK fldgia iy $ fyda wvq wdodhuz ;reK fldgia jevsmqr

n|jd .ekSuX iafjzpzPd fiajlhska jevs m%udKhla jev igykg iuznkaO lsrSug osrsu;a lsrSuX uqo,a tl;= lsrSuX

41

11X Tnf.a fma%CIlhd iy fma%CIlh11X Tnf.a fma%CIlhd iy fma%CIlh11X Tnf.a fma%CIlhd iy fma%CIlh11X Tnf.a fma%CIlhd iy fma%CIlhka ksYaps;j y|qkd .ekSuX ka ksYaps;j y|qkd .ekSuX ka ksYaps;j y|qkd .ekSuX ka ksYaps;j y|qkd .ekSuX fm%aCIlhd y|qkd .ekSu Tnf.a wruqKq u; jsYd, jYfhka mj;SX Tn oekg ,.Zd jS we;s fyda ,.ZdjSug n,dfmdfrd;a;= jk whf.ka mgka .kakX udOH ie,iqula ilia lr .kafka flfiao@ WodyrK jYfhka “ ksjdvq ld,fha lshjSfuz fma%CIlhka yegshg .efkkafka

wvq wdodhuz iy$ idCIr;djh ke;s ;reKhka .=rejreka foudmshka jevigykg wdOdr $ wkq.%yh ,ndfoajs hehs is;kakjqka Tnf.a mqia;ld,fha hula l,yelalka

111X mKsjsvh111X mKsjsvh111X mKsjsvh111X mKsjsvh Tnf.a wruqKq u; r|d mj;auska udOHhg ikaksfjzokh l,hq;= jeo.;a foa ;srKh lr .kakX Tnf.a jev igyk jsYsIag fyda fjkia jkafka l=ula ksido@ wykak “ Tnf.a b,lal.; fma%CIlhka oek.; hq;af;a l=ulao@ wehs Tjqka th oek.; hq;af;a @ wehs oeka @ fuu m%Yak j,g flgs kuq;a fm!oa.,sl tfukau is;a weo .kakd iq:Z f,i ms<s;=re imhk mKsjqv folla fyda ;=kla muKla f;dard .kakX fuu mKsjqv Tnf.a mrudrA: iy w.hkag iu.dus jk f,i;a blaukska u;l ;sfhk f,i;a ilid .kakX Tnf.a fm%aCIlhkag M,odhs f,i fuu mKsjqv u.ska weu;sh hq;=fjzX Tn u;l ;nd.; hq;= fohla jkafka Tnf.a mKsjqvh fjkia fkdjsh hq;= w;r th wik fjkia jQ b,lal.; fm%aCIlhd “ jdrA;dlrejka iy udOH wdh;k j,g Wps; fia ilia lr.; yelX m%nkaOs; ksjdvq lshjSuz jev igykg we;=,;a jshyels Wod: mKsjsv lSmhla

ksjdvq lshjSuz jev igyk b,lal lrkafka jhi wjqreoq 10-15 w;r wvq wdodhuz,dNs ;reKhkahX wOHhk jdrA;d fmkajd fokafka jhi 15ka by, ,uqka lshjSfuka ;u wOHdmk ixjrAOkh jevslr .ekSug Wkkaoq lrjd .ekSu wiSre lreKla njhX

mqia;ld,fha uQ,sl wruqKla jkafka ;u idudcsl;ajfhka jsYd, fldgila jk

m%cdjg iy ;reKhkag fiajh lsrSuhsX miq.sh jifrA jhi 10-15 ;a w;r ;reKhka mqia;ld,h ;=, we;s ,sms j,ska 40%la muK lshjd we;X fuu ;reK lKavdhfuz jvd;a ckm%sh jev igyk fuu ksjdvq lshjSuz jev igykhsX

udrA;= 1 fjksod jkjsg fuu jev igykg nef|k ish,qu ;reKhkag

mqia;ld,fhka fmd;a /f.k taug iy hEu fjkqfjka jsfYaIs;j ksrAudKh lrk ,o u,a,la ,ndfokq we;X

iv. udOH ,ehsia;=j udOH ,ehsia;=j udOH ,ehsia;=j udOH ,ehsia;=j M,odhs f,i Tnf.a wruqKq j,g ,.Zd jSug Tnf.a m,df;a we;s ish,qu udOH wdh;k y|qkd .ekSu muKla fkdj l=uk jdrA;dlrefjla iy fudk wxYho Tnf.a l;dj wdjrKh lrkafka hkako oekf.k isgsh hq;=hX Wod: jYfhka 2008 ksjdvq lshjSuz jev igyfka ksrAud;D iy ld, igyk ms<sn| jdrA;djla ;enSug wjYH kuz m%dfoaYSh mqj;amf;a l%Svd jdrA;dlre yuqjSug Tng

42

udOH ie,iqula ilia lr .kafka flfiao@ wjYH jkafka ke;X ^ Tyq fuu jev igykg iyfhda.h oelajSu fmkajd we;skuz usil& flfia fj;;a l%Svd m%cdjg iyfhda.h wjYH nj jdrA;djla ;enSug hkafka kuz Wod : wkq.%yh oelajsh yels wh “ fyda m%ldYl - fuu jev igyfkaoS Tn wksjdrAHfhka yuqjsh hq;af;a l%Svd jdrA;dlrehX udOH ,ehsia;=fjz jdrA;dlref.a wdh;kfha ku jsoaHq;a ,smskh” oqrl;k wxl ;snsh hq;=hsX v. udOH fuj,uzudOH fuj,uzudOH fuj,uzudOH fuj,uz idudkHfhka udOH fuj,uz j,g we;=,;a jkafka udOH lgzg,h

udOH ,ehsia;=jla ^ by; lshjd ,xldfjz udOH wdh;k ,ehsia;=jla wuqKkak& mqj;am;a ksfjzokhla ^miqj idlpzPdjg& jSvsfhda iy PdhdrEm

vi . ld, igyk $ jev ie,iqu ld, igyk $ jev ie,iqu ld, igyk $ jev ie,iqu ld, igyk $ jev ie,iqu iEu jHdmD;shl jdf.au ld, igykla ksrAudKh lsrSu tu jev ms<sfjf,a l=ula l,hq;=o “ ljod th l,hq;=o “ ;;ajh “ iy m%;sM, uek .ekSug w;HjYH wx.hlsX udOH ie,iqula ilia lr .kafka flfiao@my; i|yka ld, igyk jev ie,iqu m%nkaOs; 2008 ksjdvq lshjSuz jev igyk l%shd;aul lsrSug ie,iquz lrk ,oaolsX oskh l%shdldrluz ;;ajh woyia

wjidk udOH ie,iqu

fmrjdrS 14” 2008

wjidk udOH ,ehsia;=

fmrjdrS 21” 2008

wjidk ilia lr.;a udOH f,aLK ^ksfjzok iy osk jljdkq&

udrA;= 10 “ 2008

osk jljdkq fnod yrskakX ^mqj;am;a wju jYfhka I;s 2lg 3lg fmr fyda fuu osk jljdkq ,nd .ekSug n,dfmdfrd;a;= fjzX fuu oekajSu u.ska m%cdfjz ld, igykao ilia lsrSug WmldrS fjzX&

udrA;= 10” 2008

ksfjzok ksl=;a lrkak

fmrjdrS 21”2008

fuh ms<sn|j wjYH ;ekaj,g oekquz fokakX

udrA;= 17” 2008

wjia:dj ms<sn|j l,a;shd oekquzoSuX ^jdrA;dlrejka Tnf.a huzlsiz jev igyklg f.kajd .ekSug wjYH kuz Tng fojk jrgo Tjqkag oekquzoSula l,yelX&

udrA;= 31” 2008

ksjdvq lshjSuz jev igyk wdruzN fjzX

43

vii. igyka igyka igyka igyka mqj;am;a ksfjzokhla ,shkafka flfiao@mqj;am;a ksfjzokhla ,shkafka flfiao@mqj;am;a ksfjzokhla ,shkafka flfiao@mqj;am;a ksfjzokhla ,shkafka flfiao@ ^w;a m;%sld 3&^w;a m;%sld 3&^w;a m;%sld 3&^w;a m;%sld 3&

Tn .%duSh m%cdfjz fi!LH ;;ajh k.d,Su jia jeisls,s Ndjs;h ms<sn| Wkkaoq lrjk wdh;khl jev lruska .%duSh kdhl;ajhg kj mdi,la bos lsrSug mshjr .ekSug W;aiy .kakjd fyda cd;sl fyda .%duSh ugzguska ;u mKsjsvh me;srjSug W;aiy ork foaYmd,k mCIhlg jev lrkjd fyda jsh yelX fuz l=uk l%shdjla l,o idrA:l jHdmdrhlg m%Odk;u rel=,la jkafka udOH wjOdkh ,nd .ekSuhsX mqj;am;a ksfjzokhla fyda udOH ksfjzokhla f,i iq,nj y|qkajk l%uh udOH fj; f;dr;=re ,ndfok uQ,sl fuj,uhsX repsh wkqj iq,q fjkialuz iys;j” wka f,aLk fukau uQ,sl wdldrhlg ,shk ,o mqj;am;a ksfjzokhla jvd;a M,odhs fjzX ir, mshjr 5 lska hq;a mqj;a ksfjzok ,sjSfuz l%shdoduh my; oelafjzX 1X mshjr 1X mshjr 1X mshjr 1X mshjr ---- jsjrhjsjrhjsjrhjsjrh “ tiekska uqod yerSu i|yd” hkak f,dl= wl=rska by, juz fl,jfrA ,shkakX fufia ,sjSfuka tu ksfjzokh ,enqkq oskfhau m,lsrSug wjir oS we;s nj jdrA;dlreg ta;a;= .ekafjzX 2X2X2X2X mshjr mshjr mshjr mshjr ---- isria;,hisria;,hisria;,hisria;,h uS,.Zg isria;,h flgs yd is;a weo.kakd iq,qjSu isria;, idrA:l jSfuz ux 2 lhsX ffY,H ;udg leu;s wl=re fhdod l,yelX 3 mshjr 3 mshjr 3 mshjr 3 mshjr ---- mdGh mdGh mdGh mdGh mqj;am;a ksfjzokfha mdGh wdruzN jkafka k.rh” m,d; yd oskh y|qkajdoSfuksX udOHlrKfha iuzu; uQ,sl wx. 5 tkuz ljqo” fudllao” ljodo” fldfyo” wehs@ hkak m,uq fPaofha wka;rA.; jsh hq;=hX m<uq fPaofhka miq ;u wdh;kfha ie,iquz” wruqKq fyda ch.%yK flgs kuq;a meyeos,s f,i olajkakX M,odhs mqj;a ksfjzokhl mdGfha m%udKh ms<sn| jsfYaIfhda jsjsO u; or;sX th msgq fofla isg ;=k olajd ksrAfoaY lr we;X Wmrsu m%udKh .;a;;a jeo.;a lreKla f,i u;l ;nd .; hq;af;a m<uq fPao fol ;=fkaoS udOH wjOdkh ,nd .ekSug wfmdfydi;a jqjfyd;a udOH wjOdkhla ,nd .ekSfuz wjia:dj wju fjzX wjidk mrspzfPaoh idudkHfhka hjkakdf.a wdh;kh ms<sn| jsia;r imhhsX Wod””””””””””””””””””””””””””” wdh;kh tkak;a iuznkaOj ck;d wjfndaOh jevs lrkq jia cd;sl yd m%dfoaYSh md,k iu.Z jev lrk ,dN fkd,nk wdh;khlsX 4 mshjr 4 mshjr 4 mshjr 4 mshjr ---- ,smskh wdosh ,smskh wdosh ,smskh wdosh ,smskh wdosh mqj;am;a ksfjzokfha mdGhg my,ska ,smskh wdosh i|yka lrkakX iEu jsgu Tfnz ku” wdh;kfha ku” oqrl;k wxl yd jsoaHq;a ;eme,a ,smsk wef;d;a wdosh i|yka lrkakX fuu f;dr;=re i|yka jsh hq;= ia:dkh ms<sn| jsjsO u; we;X iuyreka th by, i|yka lrhsX l=uk l%uhla fyda wkq.ukh l< yelX 5 mshjr5 mshjr5 mshjr5 mshjr---- wjidkh wjidkh wjidkh wjidkh ksfjzokh wjidk jkafka ::: i,l=fKka .uH jkafka lshjkakd l:dfjz wjidkhg ,.Zd jS we;s njhX

44

3 fjks oskh3 fjks oskh3 fjks oskh3 fjks oskh

5 5 5 5 ---- fjksfjksfjksfjks ieisjdrhieisjdrhieisjdrhieisjdrh

13 fjks wdKavql%u13 fjks wdKavql%u13 fjks wdKavql%u13 fjks wdKavql%u jHjia:d ixfYdaOjHjia:d ixfYdaOjHjia:d ixfYdaOjHjia:d ixfYdaOkh iy m,d;amd,k wdh;k kh iy m,d;amd,k wdh;k kh iy m,d;amd,k wdh;k kh iy m,d;amd,k wdh;k

wruqK 1 wruqK 1 wruqK 1 wruqK 1 ---- wdKavql%u jHjia:dwdKavql%u jHjia:dwdKavql%u jHjia:dwdKavql%u jHjia:dffffjjjjzzzz 13 jk 13 jk 13 jk 13 jk iy iy iy iy 17 jk 17 jk 17 jk 17 jk ixfYdaOk j, ixfYdaOk j, ixfYdaOk j, ixfYdaOk j, wka;rA.;hkwka;rA.;hkwka;rA.;hkwka;rA.;hkaaaa yd yd yd yd ck;djgck;djgck;djgck;djg jvd;a iuSm jjvd;a iuSm jjvd;a iuSm jjvd;a iuSm jQ md,k ;ka;% ms<sn| Q md,k ;ka;% ms<sn| Q md,k ;ka;% ms<sn| Q md,k ;ka;% ms<sn| oekqj;a nj oekqj;a nj oekqj;a nj oekqj;a nj ,ndoSuX,ndoSuX,ndoSuX,ndoSuX wruqK 2 wruqK 2 wruqK 2 wruqK 2 ---- m,d;aiNd yd m,d;amd,k wdh;k j, jHqyh yd ldrAhNdrhka m,d;aiNd yd m,d;amd,k wdh;k j, jHqyh yd ldrAhNdrhka m,d;aiNd yd m,d;amd,k wdh;k j, jHqyh yd ldrAhNdrhka m,d;aiNd yd m,d;amd,k wdh;k j, jHqyh yd ldrAhNdrhka ms<sn|j wjfndaOhla ,ndoSuX ms<sn|j wjfndaOhla ,ndoSuX ms<sn|j wjfndaOhla ,ndoSuX ms<sn|j wjfndaOhla ,ndoSuX wka;rA.;hka wka;rA.;hka wka;rA.;hka wka;rA.;hka • ck;djg jvd ,xjQ md,k ;ka;%hl wjYH;djh • wdKavql%u jHjia:dfjz ck;d whs;sjdisluz wdrCId lsrSfuz j.ka;sh • 13 jk wdKavql%u jHjia:dfjz wka;rA.;hka • 17 jk wdKavql%u jHjia:dfjz wka;rA.;hka • m,d;aiNd j, jHqyh yd l%shdldrslajh • m,d;aiNd j, ldrAhh Ndrh • uq,H md,kh yd .eg,q • m,d;amd,k wdh;k • m,d;amd,k wdh;k j, wjYH;djh • m,d;amd,k wdh;k j, Pkaoh mdjspzps lsrSfuz m%;sY; jrAOkh lrjSuX • ixjrAOk fhdackd l%shd;aul lsrSug ldka;djkaf.a odhl;ajh ,nd .kafka

flfiao@ ld,h ld,h ld,h ld,h ---- meh 3 hs l%uh l%uh l%uh l%uh ---- nqoaOs l,uznkh” foaYk” lKavdhuz idlpzPd wjYHfoa wjYHfoa wjYHfoa wjYHfoa ---- *a,sma pdrAgz” udrAlrA mEka weuqkquzweuqkquzweuqkquzweuqkquz w;a m;%sld 1- wdKavq l%u jHjia:dfjz 13 jk yd 17 jk ixfYdaOkj, wka;rA.;hka w;a m;%sld 2 - m,d;aiNd j, jHqyh yd l%shdldrs;ajh w;a m;%sld 3 - Y%S ,xldfjz m,d;amd,kh w;a m;%sld 4 - m%dfoaYSh iNd ldrAhNdrh u.ZfmkajSu u.ZfmkajSu u.ZfmkajSu u.ZfmkajSu

• ck;djg jvd ,xjQ md,k l%uhl wjYH;djh ^nqoaOs l,uznkh& jskdvs 15 • wdKavql%u jHjia:dj 13 jk yd 17 jk ixfYdaOkj, wka;rA.;hka - ^foaYkh&

jskdvs 45 • m,d;amd,k wdh;k j, wjYH;djh ^nqoaOs l,uznkh& jskdvs 30 • m,d;amd,k wdh;k j, jHqyh yd ldrAhNdrh ^foaYkh& jskdvs 30 • m%dfoaYSh iNd ldrAhNdrh jskdvs 30 hs

45

• m,d;amd,k PkaofhaoS Pkaoh mdjspzps lsrSfuz m%;sY;h jrAOkh lsrSu îdlpzPd&jskdvs 30

• ixjrAOk fhdackd l%shd;aul lsrSug ldka;djkaf.a odhl;ajh ,nd .kafka flfiao@ ^lKavdhuz idlpzPd& jskdvs 45 hs

wdKavq l%u jHjia:dfjz 13 jk yd 17 jk ixfYdaOkj,wdKavq l%u jHjia:dfjz 13 jk yd 17 jk ixfYdaOkj,wdKavq l%u jHjia:dfjz 13 jk yd 17 jk ixfYdaOkj,wdKavq l%u jHjia:dfjz 13 jk yd 17 jk ixfYdaOkj, wka;rA.;hkawka;rA.;hkawka;rA.;hkawka;rA.;hka ^w;a m;%s^w;a m;%s^w;a m;%s^w;a m;%sld 1&ld 1&ld 1&ld 1& 1987 fkdjeuznrA udifhaoS kS;s.; lrk ,o Y%S ,xldfjz m<d;a iNd l%uh 13 jk wdKavql%u jHjia:d ixfYdaokh iy 1987 wxl 42 orK mk; mokuz fldg ixia:dmkh jQjlsX fuys n,;, yd ldrAhhka Wmf,aLk 7 iy Wmf,aLk 8 jYfhka wdKavql%u jHjia:djg we;=,a lr ;sfnzX 8 jk Wmf,aLkfha m<d;a iNd n, m%foaYh m,d;la jYfhka ksYaps; fldg m,d;a iNd 9 la f,i igyka lr we;X 9 jk Wmf,aLkfha i|yka jS we;af;a m<d;a iNdjlg whs;s n,;, iy ldrAhhka fjhsX 13 jk wdKavql%u jHjia:d ixfYdaOkh wkqj fuf;la uOHu rch u.ska lrk ,o mrsmd,kh m<d;a iNd fj; mjrd fok ,osX m<d;a iNd l%uh ;=, idrA:l n, fnoSul wx. ,CIK mj;SX

• mjrd fok jsIhg wod,j kS;s iuzmdokh lsrSfuz n,h • mjrd fok jsIh lafIa;%h l%shdjg kexjSug wjYH lrk udkj iuzm;a yeisrjSfuz

n,h • mjrd fok ,o jsIh lafIa;% j, ixjrAOk yd fiajd iuzmdokhg wjYH uq,Huh

Yla;sh f.dv k.d .ekSu m,d;a iNd i;= fuu n,;, wdKavql%u jHjia:dfjka iy m<d;a iNd mk;lska mkjd we;s huz huz iSud lsrSuz j,g hg;a j l%shd;aul jsh hq;=hsX

• uy weu;s iy wud;H uKav,h • m<d;a rdcH fiajd fldusIka iNdj • uqo,a fldusIka iNdj

ckjdrA.sl .eg:Zjg jsi|qula f,i bkaoq ,xld .sjsiqfuka ixia:dmkh lrk ,o n,h fnoSfuz foaYmd,k l%ufjzoh m<d;a iNd l%uh ;=, wvx.=j mj;sk kuq;a fuh l%shdjg kexjSug hEfuzoS rg ;=, jsjsO u;fNao we;sjqKsX W;=re kef.kysr m<d;a j, \%jsv ck;dj fuh ms<s fkd.;ayX fuz ksid W;=re kef.kysr m<d;a iNdj w;ru.oS jsiqrejd yerSug isoqjshX tfy;a fuz jkjsg W;=re m<d; yer wfkla m<d;a 8 ;=, m<d;a iNd l%uh l%shd;aul fjhsX tfy;a m<d;a iNdj,g whs;s n,;, ms<sn| rg;=, ixjdohla mj;SX 1987 wxl 15 orK m%dfoaYSh iNd mk;1987 wxl 15 orK m%dfoaYSh iNd mk;1987 wxl 15 orK m%dfoaYSh iNd mk;1987 wxl 15 orK m%dfoaYSh iNd mk; oekg mj;akd m%dfoaYSh iNd 13 jk wdKavq l%u jHjia:d ixfYdaokh 1987 fkdjeuznrA udifha oS kS;s.; lrk ,o m<d;a iNd l%uh 1987 wxl 42 orK mk; mokuz fldg f.k ixia:dms; jS ;sfnzX mj;sk kS;sh wkqj m,d;a md,k wdh;k j,g ysus n,;, ;sfnzX m<d;a iNdjla jsiska fuu wdh;k fj; w;sfrAl n,;, mjrd osh yelshX tfy;a fuu wdh;k i;= n,;, wysus lsrSug m<d;a iNdjg fkdyelshX fuu m<d;amd,k wdh;k fufiah 1X uy k.r iNd 2X k.r iNd 3X m%dfoaYSh iNd

46

jYfhka i|yka fjhsX 17 jk wdKavql%u jHjia:d ixfYdaOkh17 jk wdKavql%u jHjia:d ixfYdaOkh17 jk wdKavql%u jHjia:d ixfYdaOkh17 jk wdKavql%u jHjia:d ixfYdaOkh 1972 iy 1978 wdKavql% jHjia:d u.ska rdcH fiajh foaYmd,kSlrKh jSu jvd;a nyq,j isoqfjk nj fmkS hk lreKlsX fuh fjkia lsrSug wdKavql%u jHjia:d ixfYdaokhla wjYH nj ms<s.;ayX jsOdhl ckdOsm;s l%uh ;=, ckdOsm;sg ;sfnk wNsu;dkqidrS n,h jsuOH.; lsrSu 17 ixfYdaOkfhka n,dfmdfrd;a;= jshX fuysoS iuzu; jQfha ish,q foaYmd,k mCI ksfhdackh jk wdldrhg mqoa.,hka m;afldg wdKavql%u jHjia:d iNdjla msysgqjSughsX wdKavql%u jHjia:d ixhq;=h

• ckdOsm;sf.a ksfhdac;fhla • jsmCI kdhljrhd • w.ue;sjrhd • l;dkdhljrhd ks, jYfhka • uSg wu;rj ;j;a ksfhdacs;hka 6 fofkla m;ajsh

hq;= w;r bka wfhla rfgz iq:Z mCI w;rska f;dard .; hq;=hX isjs,a mqrjeishka jHjia:d iNdj i|yd f;dard .ekSfuzoS iEu mCIhlau ksfhdackh jk mrsos jsoaj;a mqoa.,hka f;dard .; hq;=hsX

kuq;a oekg wdKavql%u jHjia:d iNdjla msysgqjd f.k ke;X fuz i|yd jsjsO fya;= ;sfnzX mCI w;r ;sfnk tl.Z;djhkag tafuz fkdyelshdj tla fya;=jlsX fuu jHjia:d iNdj jsiska iajdOSk fldusIka m;al, hq;=hsX 1X iajdOSk ue;sjrK fldusiu 2X iajdOSk fmd,sia fldusiu 3X iajdOSk udkj ysusluz fldusiu oekg m;alr ;sfnk fldusIka iNd wdKavql%u jHjia:d iNdfjka mla fkdlsrSu ksid tajd kS;sHdkql+, ke;X 17 jk ixfYdaOkh u.ska ms<sf.k we;s jHjia:djg we;=,a l, wdKavql%u jHjia:d iNdj fuf;la msysgqjSug fkdyelsjSu jHjia:dj W,a,x>kh lsrSulsX 17 jk jHjia:d ixfYdaokfha wruqK 17 jk jHjia:d ixfYdaokfha wruqK 17 jk jHjia:d ixfYdaokfha wruqK 17 jk jHjia:d ixfYdaokfha wruqK rfgz mrsmd,khg jeo.;a jk wdh;k .Kkdjl m;a lsrSuz” u;= lsrSuz Wiia lsrSuz jskh l%shdudrA. .eksu i|yd iajdOSk fldusIka iNd m;a lsrSu wruqK jshX kuq;a fuz jkjsg wdKavql%u jHjia:d iNdj msysgqjd fkdue;s nejska mrsmd,kfha .eg:Z we;sjSu;a rchg fpdaokd t,a,jSu;a isoqfjuska mj;SX wdKavql%u jHjia:dj iy ffk;sl miqnsuwdKavql%u jHjia:dj iy ffk;sl miqnsuwdKavql%u jHjia:dj iy ffk;sl miqnsuwdKavql%u jHjia:dj iy ffk;sl miqnsu wdKavql%u jHjia:dfjz “ uQ,sl whs;sjdisluzuQ,sl whs;sjdisluzuQ,sl whs;sjdisluzuQ,sl whs;sjdisluz” mrspzfPaofha 14 jk j.ka;sh ;=, ia;%S mqreI fNaofhka f;dr iudk whs;sjdisluz ;yjqre lr ;sfnzX 1981 oS iuzu; lr.;a ia;%Skag tfrys ish,q wdldrfha fjkialuz ;=rka lr,Su i|yd jQ iuzuq;sh îSfvda& Y%S ,xldj w;aika ;nd we;s ksid rfgys foaYmd,k l%shdj,shg ia;%Skag iyNd.sjSug we;s ndOdjka bj;a lsrSug rchg j.lSula we;ZX

47

Y%S ,xldj ;=, ia;%S ksfhdackh jevs lsrSu i|yd .kq ,ensh hq;= jQ mshjrhka .ekSug isSfvda lusgqj ,xld rcfhka b,a,d we;X tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixjsOdkh u.ska meje;ajQKq isjqjeks cd;Hka;r ldka;d iuzfuz,kfhaoS .kq ,enQ ;SrK j,g tl.Z fjuska ilia l, nScsx l%shdldrS ie,eiau wkqjo ia;%Skaf.a foaYmd,kh iyNd.s;ajfha jeo.;alu oevsfia wjOdrKh lrkq ,en ;sfnzX ixjrAOkh uekSfuz orAYlhla jk hymd,kfhaoS ^Good Governance& ia;%S mqreI iu iyNd.s;ajh tys m%Odk wx. 8 ka tlla f,i cd;Hka;rj ms<s.kq ,nhsX m<d;a iNd jHqyh yd l%shdldrs;aj ^w;a m;%sld 2&m<d;a iNd jHqyh yd l%shdldrs;aj ^w;a m;%sld 2&m<d;a iNd jHqyh yd l%shdldrs;aj ^w;a m;%sld 2&m<d;a iNd jHqyh yd l%shdldrs;aj ^w;a m;%sld 2& uQ,dY% :- ^1& 1987 oy;=kajk wdKavql%u jHjia:d ixfYdaokh ^2& 1987 wxl 42 orK m<d;a iNd mk;X ^3& iNd ldrAh mrsmdgs rS;sX 1X m<d;a iNd m<d;a iNd m<d;a iNd m<d;a iNd msysgqjSumsysgqjSumsysgqjSumsysgqjSu 1987 iNd msysgqjSu” oy;=kajk wdKavql%u jHjia:d ixfYdaokh u.ska” 1988 jrAIfhaoS” kujk Wmf,aLKfha ,eheia;= ;=klska rcfha iy m,d;aiNd j, n,;, ksYaph lr ;snSuX 1 jk ,ehsia;=j :- m<d;a iNd ,ehsia;=j 11 jk ,ehsia;=j :- ixjD; ,ehsia;=j ^rch i;= n,;,& 111 jk ,ehsia;=j :- iu.dus ,ehsia;=h ^rch yd m,d;a iNdj, tl.Z;dj u; l%shd;aul l,yels jSuX fuu jsIhka” rcfhka m,d;a iNdj,g mejrsh yelsjSuX tfy;a tl.Z;ajhka fkdue;sj rchg wdmiq .; fkdyelsjsuX & 2X m,d;a jHqyfha ixhq;shX 2X m,d;a jHqyfha ixhq;shX 2X m,d;a jHqyfha ixhq;shX 2X m,d;a jHqyfha ixhq;shX ^1& .re wdKavqldr;=ud ^2& m<d;aa iNdj ^3& wud;H uKav,h ^4& m<d;a rdcH fiajd fldusIka iNdj ^5& uqo,a fldusIka iNdj ^cd;sl ugzgfuz wdh;kh& ^1& .re wdKavqldr;=ud.re wdKavqldr;=ud.re wdKavqldr;=ud.re wdKavqldr;=ud 1X m;alsrSu yd OQr ld,h m;alsrSu :- .re ckdOsm;s;=ud$;re ckdOsm;s;=ush jsiska OQr ld,h :- wjqreoq myhsX 11X .re m%Odk wud;H;=udf.a Wmfoia j,g wkql+,j n,;, l%shd;aul lsrSuX tl.Z fkdjk wjia:d j,oS” w;s.re ckdOsm;s;=ud fj; fhduqfldg wddjla ,nd.; yelsjSuX 111X jHjia:dodhl n,h :-

^w& m,d;a iNdfjz /iajSu leojSu” jdr wjidkh lsrSu yd udi follg wvq ld,hloS” kj ieisjdrh leojSuX

^wd& m,d;a iNdj jsiqrejd yerSuX

48

^we& m,d;a iNdj fj; mKsjsv hejsh yelsjSu yd iNdj jsiska hf:dala; mKsjsvfha i|yka ldrKh fyda iuznkaOfhka yels;ruz blaukska ie,ls,a,g .;hq;= jSuX ^b& iNd iuzu; jQ m%dma;sj,g wkque;sh oSuX tfy;a iuzmQrAK m%ma;shg fyda fldgilg tl.Z fkdjkafka kuz” wod< ixfYdaokhka lrk f,i” mKsjsvhla u.ska iNdj fj; wdmiq fhduql, yelsjSuX ixfYdaok iys; fyda rys;j fyda fojkjrg tu m%ma;sh iuzu; lr” wdKavqldr;=udf.a wkqu;sh i|yd iNdfjka bosrsm;a l,yels jSuX bkamiq” thg wkque;sh oSu fyda tu m%ma;sh” wdKavql%u jHjia:dfjz jsOsjsOdk j,g wkql+, fkdjk njg” w;s.re ckdOsm;s;=ush fj; bosrsm;a fldg” t;=ush jsiska fYa%IaGdOslrKh fj; fhduqlrjd ;SrKhla ,nd.; yelsjSuX ^B& uqo,a lghq;= wod, jk m%ma;s fyda fhdackd fyda m,d;a iNdjg bosrsm;a lsrSug fmr” .re wdKavqldr;=udf.a wkqu;sh ,nd.; hq;=jSuX ^W& kj uqo,a jrAIh wdruzN jSug udi ;=klg fmr” uqo,a m%ldYh iNd.; lsrSuX 1111V. jsOdhl n,h jsOdhl n,h jsOdhl n,h jsOdhl n,h :- ^w& wud;H uKav,h m;alsrSuX ^.re m%Odk wud;H;=udf.a Wmfoia u;& ^wd& jsOdhl n,h” jHjia:dkql+,j .re m%Odk wud;H;=ud we;=,q wud;H uKav,h u.ska fyda ks,Orhka u.ska fyda l%shd;aul lsrSuX ^we& m,d;a rdcH fiajfha m%Odkshd f,i l%shdlsrSuX ^wE& wud;HdxY f,aluzjreka yd fomdrA;fuzka;= ks,OdrSka m;alsrSu yd fiiq ldrAh uKav, m;alsrSfuz n,h rdcH fiajd fldusIka iNdjg mejrSuX ^b& m,d;a rdcH fiajlhskaf.a wNshdpkd i,ld ne,SuX ^2& m,d;a iNdjm,d;a iNdjm,d;a iNdjm,d;a iNdj 1111X m,d;a iNdfjz idudcsl;ajh yd OQr ld,h m,d;a iNdfjz idudcsl;ajh yd OQr ld,h m,d;a iNdfjz idudcsl;ajh yd OQr ld,h m,d;a iNdfjz idudcsl;ajh yd OQr ld,h :- ^w& m,d;a iNdjg f;dardm;afjk$m;aflfrk .re uka;%S;=uka,dX ^wd& m,d;a iNdfjz .re uka;%S;=uka,df.a OQrld,h wdruzN jk wjia:dfjzoS” fhdackdjka iuzu; lr .ekSfuka” hf:dala; m,d;a iNd n, m%foaYh ;=, f;arSm;a jS isgsk .re uka;%S;=uka,dg m,d;a iNdfjz /iajSuz j,g yd ldrl iNd /iajSuz j,g iyNd.S jSug yd woyia m%ldY lsrSug wjia:dj i,idosh yelsjSuX tfy;a” t;=uka,dg Pkaoh mdjspzps lsrSfuz n,hla fkdue;sjSuX ^we& OQr ld,h :- l,ska jsiqrejd yrskq ,enqjfyd;a usi” tu m,d;a iNdfjz m,uq /iajSu i|yd kshu lrk osk isg wjqreoq mylajSuX 11X .re iNdm;s;=ud m;alsrSu yd OQr ld,h11X .re iNdm;s;=ud m;alsrSu yd OQr ld,h11X .re iNdm;s;=ud m;alsrSu yd OQr ld,h11X .re iNdm;s;=ud m;alsrSu yd OQr ld,h ^w& iNdfjz ldrAh mgsmdgshg wkqj” iNd f,aluz jsiska uq,ajrg iNdj /iajk wjia:dfjzoS” .re iNdm;s;=ud m;alr .ekSu i|yd wod, l%shdudrA. .ekSuX ^wd& OQr ld,h :- jrA;udk iNd ld,h wjika jS” kej; kj iNdj /iajk oskh olajdX ^we& jsurAIKhg Ndckh l,hq;=j we;s lreKq jsurAIKhg Ndckh l,hq;=j we;s lreKq jsurAIKhg Ndckh l,hq;=j we;s lreKq jsurAIKhg Ndckh l,hq;=j we;s lreKq :- kj m,d;a iNdjg uq,ajrg /iajk wjia:dfjzoS” tf;la OQrh oerE .re iNdm;s;=udg” kj m,d;a iNdfjz .re iNdm;s;=ud m;alsrSfuz /iajSfuz uQ,dikh oerSfuz yelshdj ms<sn|j we;s jHjia:dms; ;;ajh yd .re iNdm;s;=ud f;arSfuzoS” rdcH ks,Odrsfhl=g ;SrK oSug we;s n,hX ^wE& .re iNd.re iNd.re iNd.re iNdm;s;=udf.a n,;,m;s;=udf.a n,;,m;s;=udf.a n,;,m;s;=udf.a n,;,

49

iNdfjz kHdh m;%hg we;=,;a l,hq;= lreKq ;SrKh lsrSu” iNdfjz lghq;= fufyhjSu” .re uka;%S;=uka,df.a jrm%ido ms<sn| ldrAhNdrh yd iNdjg wod, ish,q ldrAhhka ms<sn| l%shdlsrSuX “m%ma;s” iuzu; jQ jsg” tan j iy;sl fldg” .re wdKavqldr;=udf.a wkqu;sh i|yd bosrsm;a lsrSuX 111X m%ma;s111X m%ma;s111X m%ma;s111X m%ma;s ^w& wdKavql%u jHjia:dfjz “ m,d;aiNd ,ehsia;=fjzs” i|yka jk ldrKd iuznkaOfhka “m%ma;s” iuzu; lsrSuX ^wd& lsishuz jsIhla iuznkaOfhka” m,d;a iNdj jsiska m%ma;shla iuzu; lrkq ,enSfuka miq” .re wdKavqldr;=udf.a wkqu;sh ,ndfok wjia:dfjz isg th n,d;aul jSuX tfiau” tu jsIhg wod,” fuf;la l%shd;aul jQ mdrA,sfuzka;= mk; “ hf:dala; mk;” hf:dla; m,d;a iNd m%foaYh ;=,= l%shd;auljSu n, rys; jSuX WodyrK WodyrK WodyrK WodyrK :- jhU m,d;a iNdj jsiska iuzu; lrkq ,enQ mrsir m%ma;sh ^we& m,d;a iNd jsIhlg wod, mk;la .eigz m;%fha m,lsrSfuka miqj th mdrA,sfuzka;=fjz kHdh m;%hg we;=,;a lsrSug fmr” ta ms<sn|j m,d;a iNdj, tl.Z;dj ,nd.;hq;= jSuX mdrA,sfuzka;=fjka iuzu; jk mkf;a jsOsjsOdk” Bg tl.Z jQ m,d;a iNd n, m%foaYj,g muKla wod, kS;shla njg m;ajSuX tl.Z fkdjQ m,d;a iNd n, m%foaYj,g th wod, fkdjSuX ^wE& lsishuz jsIhlg m%ma;shla iuzu; jS fkdue;s wjia:djl” wdkqIx.sl mk;g wkqj” tu jsIhg wod, mdrA,sfuzka;= mkf;a jsOsjsOdk wkqj l%shd l,yels jSuX ^3& wud;H uKav,hwud;H uKav,hwud;H uKav,hwud;H uKav,h 1X ixhq;sh :- ..re m%Odk wud;H;=ud iy ;j;a .re wud;H;=uka,d y;r fofkl=f.ka iukajs; jSuX 11X m,d;a wud;H uKav,h” m,d;a iNdjg iduqyslj j.lSug yd W;a;roSug ne|S isgSuX 111X m%ma;s yd jHjia:d wkqj” ;ud fj; mejrS we;s jsIhhkag wod,j” uyck iqNisoaOsh i|yd l%shdlsrSu yd fufyhjSuX ^4& m,d;a rdcH fiajd fldusIka iNdjm,d;a rdcH fiajd fldusIka iNdjm,d;a rdcH fiajd fldusIka iNdjm,d;a rdcH fiajd fldusIka iNdj ^w& .re wdKavqldr;=ud jsiska m,d;a rdcH fiajd fldusIka iNdj m;alsrSuX idudcsl ixLHdj - wju jYfhka ;sfofkl= OQr ld,h - jir 5hs ^wd& .re wdKavqldr;=ud jsiska lrkq ,nk m;alsrSuz yer” fiiq m,d;a rdcH fiajhg wh;a ldrAh uKav,j,” m;alsrSuz” udrelsrSuz yd jskh lghq;=” m,d;a rdcH fiajd fldusIka iNdj u.ska bgqlsrSuX ^we& oSm jHdma; fiajdj,g wh;a ldrAh uKav, iuznkaOfhka “ cd;sl ugzgfuz we;s” rdcH fiajd fldusIKa iNdj iy ta ta fiajdjka i|yd msysgqjd we;s fldusIka iNd$wdh;k u.ska” mrsmd,k yd jskh lghq;= lsrsuX ^wE& fhdackdj fhdackdj fhdackdj fhdackdj :- m,d;a rdcH fiajfha kshqla; oSm jHdma; fiajdj,g iy m,d;a rdcH fiajhg wh;a ish,qu ldrAh uKav, i|yd” fiajd jHjia:djla ilia lsrsuX

50

^5& uqo,a fldusIka iNdjuqo,a fldusIka iNdjuqo,a fldusIka iNdjuqo,a fldusIka iNdj ^cd;sl ugzgfuz wdh;kh& ^w& w;s.re ckdOsm;s;=ush jsiska idudcslhska 5 fofkl=f.ka iukajs; uqo,a fldusIka iNdj m;alsrSuX fuh m,d;a iNdj, uq,H lghq;= i|yd” cd;sl ugzgfuz fmdoq wdh;khla jSuX ^wd& fuu.ska” m,d;a iNdj,g” jdrAIslj fjkal,hq;= uqo,a m%udKhka ms<sn|j rchg ksrAfoaY bosrsm;a lsrSu” uqo,a lghq;= iuznkaOfhka” w;s.re ckdOsm;s;=ush jsiska fhduqlrkq ,nk lreKq iuznkaOfhka ksrAfoaY bosrsm;a lsrSuX ^6& m,d;a iNdjg uqo,a ,enSuzm,d;a iNdjg uqo,a ,enSuzm,d;a iNdjg uqo,a ,enSuzm,d;a iNdjg uqo,a ,enSuz 1 uqo,a flduzIka iNdfjz ksrAfoaY u;” m,df;a wjYH;d imqrd,Sfuz ldrAhh msKsi” mqkrdjrA;k yd uQ,Ok jshouz i|yd” rcfha jdrAIsl whjeh f,aLKfhka m%odk jYfhka m,d;a iNdj,g ,enSuX 11 uQ,Ok jshouz i|yd “ Wmudk mdol m%odk “ yd “wkqrEms m%odk” jYfhka ,enSuX X 111 foaYSh yd jsfoaYSh jsfYaI jHdmD;s u.ska l%shd;aul flfrk fhdackdl%u i|yd wod, frALSh wud;HdxY j,ska uqo,a ,enSuX 1v. m%Odk f,aluzjrhd” .Kka ks,OdrS jYfhkao m,d;a iNdfjz wud;HdxY f,aluzjre jYfhkao lghq;= lsrSuX v. rcfha jsOdkhka wkqj uqo,a jehl,hq;= jSuX vi. wjOdkhg fhduq flfrk lreKq tawjOdkhg fhduq flfrk lreKq tawjOdkhg fhduq flfrk lreKq tawjOdkhg fhduq flfrk lreKq ta ^w& mdrA,sfuzka;=fjka iuzu; whjeh f,aLKfhka fjka flfrk uqo,a wLkavj fkd,enSu ksid ixjrAOk lghq;= l%shd;aullsrSu wiSrejSuX WodyrK - m,d;a iNd wdruzNfha isgu Wmudkmdol fyda m,d;a ksYaps; m%;smdok j,ska jrAIh wjidk jkjsg fjka l, uqo,ska ,efnkafka 50%- 70% w;r uqo,lajSuX ^wd& wkqu; fiajl ixLHdjg fkdj” isgsk fiajl ixLHdjg” mvskvs i|yd whjeh f,aLKfhka uqo,a fjka lsrSuX ^we& js.KdOsm;sf.a jdrAIsl jdrA;dfjz i|yka lreKq iuznkaOfhka” m,d;a iNdfjz .sKquz ldrl iNdj jsiska jsurAIKh lrkq ,enSu m%udKj;a jkafkao” ke;fyd;a” mdrA,sfuzka;=fjz rdcH .sKquz ldrl iNdj jsiskao jsurAIKh lsrSu wjYHfjzo hkak ms<sn|j meyeos,s lsrSula wjYH jSuX jHjia:dms; wdh;k follska jehlsrSuz ms<sn|j jsurAIKh fldg fokq ,nk ;SrK j, fjkialuz we;sjSfuka .eg,q we;sjSuX tjeks wjia:djloS mdrA,sfuzka;=fjz ;SrKh” m,d;a iNdfjz ;SrKh wNsnjd hEuX ^7& ixjrAOk ldrAhNdrhixjrAOk ldrAhNdrhixjrAOk ldrAhNdrhixjrAOk ldrAhNdrh wdrA:sl” idudcSh yd ixialD;sl jYfhka uOHu m,df;a ck;djf.a cSjk ;;ajh k.Zd isgqjSu i|yd” fmdoq wruqKq y|qkdf.k “ tajd mokuz lr.;a miq jdrAIsl ie,eiaula iliafldg” tys i|yka lreKq mokuz fldgf.k jdrAIslj l%shd;aul jevigyka l%shd;aul lsrSug mshjr .ekSu l,hq;=hX Y%S ,xld Y%S ,xld Y%S ,xld Y%S ,xld m<d;a md,kh ^w;a m;%sld 3&m<d;a md,kh ^w;a m;%sld 3&m<d;a md,kh ^w;a m;%sld 3&m<d;a md,kh ^w;a m;%sld 3& ,xldfjz m<d;a md,k l%ufha wdruzNh b;du;a wE; b;sydih f;la osfjk nj ,xld b;sydih foi yerS n,k jsg meyeos,s fjzX uq,au ld, mrsfPaofha rcjre ;ukaf.a

51

rdcHmd,kh .uz ugzgug f.k hdfuzoS mKavqldNh rc;=udf.a ld,fha mgkau .uz m%OdkSka u.ska .uziNd l%uhg fndfyda oqrg iudk jk mrsos ta .u ;=, ck;djf.a uq,sl wjYH;d bgqlr oSu i|yd;a ck;djf.ka noq whlr .ekSu i|yd;a ixjsOdkhla wdruzN lr l%shd;aul lrk ,o nj fi,a,sms yd uyd jxYfhka lreKq oek.; yelshX tfia kuq;a jrA;udkfha wfma rfgz mj;sk m<d;a md,k l%uh n%s;dkH md,k iufha wjidk ld, mrspzfPaofha wdruzN lrk ,o m<d;a md,k l%uhhsX kuq;a f,dalfha fjk;a rgj,a foi n,k jsg m<d;a md,k l%uh yd fiajd iemhSfuz jsjsO fjkialuz olakg ,efnzX fuz wdh;k l%uhg ,ndoS we;s n,;, yd fiajd yd j.lSuz ta rgj, jsjsOdldrhX wdruzNl jljdkqfjzoS ,xldfjz m,d;amd,k l%uh l=uk wdldrhg ixjsOdkh l, hq;=oehs hkak irA fcdaka wekavrAika wdKavqldr;=ud jsiska 1916 Tlaf;danrA udifhaoS tjlg niakdysr m<df;a osidm;s fcAXmSX fm%airA ue;s;=udf.a iNdm;s;ajfhka hqla;j - ,xldfjz ta jkjsg jsfYaIfhkau .%duSh m%foaY j, fi!LH myiqluz iemhSu ^Sanitation& wOHdmkh yd oekqj;a lsrSu ^Communication) iuznkaOj oekg mj;sk l%ufjzoh (of existing Privisions) yd hdka;%Kh (Machinary) yd m<d;a md,k l%uh wOHhkh lr th jevs oshqKq lsrSu i|yd ksrAfoaY bosrsm;a lsrSug lusgqjla m;a lrk ,osX tu lusgqj b;du;a jeo.;a ksrAfoaY bosrsm;a lrk ,osX 1919 fkdjeuznrA udifha fuz wkqj b,a,Suz wkqj ;u m%foaYfha md,kfha jevs fldgil n,;, Tjqkagu ,efnk mrsos kS;s (Legislation) iuzmdokh lrk ,oqj tajd m,d;a md,k wdd mk; (Local Govt

Ordinanace) f,iska ^wxl 11” 1920& iuzu; lr .kakd ,osX fuu wdd mk; wkqj wx. iuzmQrAK m<d;a md,k l%uhla ia:dms; lsrSug n,h ,ensksX fuz wkqj District Councils ,xldj mqrdu wdruzN lsrSug lghq;= fhdok ,osX kuq;a tjlg mej;s uy k.r iNd n, m%foaY tu osia;%sla ljqkais,a j,g wh;a fkdjskX fuz wkqj b;srs m%foaY j, ldKav ;=klg wh;a iNd wdruzN lsrSug ksrAfoaY lr we;X ta m%foaY j, kd.rsl ;;ajh” ck.yKh wdos lreKq ie,ls,a,g f.k tau m%foaY j, idudkH mrsmd,kh” uyck uxudj;a (Public throughfares) uyck fi!LH yd fjk;a fiajdjka iuznkaOj lghq;= lsrSu fuu wdh;k j,g wh;a ldrAHhka fjzX fuz hgf;a lghq;= lsrSu i|yd uOHu wOsldrsh f,i “Local Government Board” ia:dms; lrk ,osX ta ;=,ska osia;%sla ljqkais,hg Wmfoia oSu” md,kh” wdOdr ,ndoSu (Grant) wdosh i|ydhsX fuz wkqj 1922 foieuznrA udifha kd.rsl osia;%sla iNd folla ia:dms; lrk ,osX (Two

urban District Councis)

1923 niakdysr m<df;a uka;%Sjrfhl= jsiska fuz l%uh uq:Z ,xldj mqrdu jHdma; lsrSug rch lghq;= l,hq;= njg 1920 m<d;a md,k wdd mk;ska fhdackd lrk ,osX fuh blaukska l,hq;= njgo fhdackd lrk ,osX fuu fhdackdj rch ms<s.kakd ,osX fuz wkqj 1923 fkdjeuznrA udifha irA fmdkakuzn,uz rdukdoka ue;s;=ud jsiska kS;s iuzmdok uKav,hg ^Legislative Council) bosrsm;a lsrSug fhdackd lrk ,osX fuz wkqj osjhsk fldgia lShlg levsh hq;=o@ tl fldgilg wod, N+us m%udKh fldmuKo@ ck.yKh fldmuKo@ l=uk fldgzGdY flduidrsia md,khg k;=l< hq;=o@ oekg mj;sk wdodhuz (Revenue) fudk wdldrhg ,nd.; hq;=o@ fuz wdosS lreKq ie,ls,a,g f.k 1920 wxl 11 wdd mk; ixfYdaokh lsrSug rch tl.Z jS 1925 wxl iv – Sessional Paper ilia lrk ,osX ta wkqj osia;%sla iNd fldgzGdY 1X kd.rsl” .%duSh yd idudkH (Urban, Rural and General) f,i fldgia ;=klg levSug;a ta wkqj tu fldgzGdY j, N+us m%udKh” ck.yKh” udrA. oqr m%udKh yd wdodhu wkqj fjka lsrSugo ksrAfoaY lrk ,osX

52

2X Bg wu;rj lsisu fldgzGdYhla flduidrsia md,khg hg;a fkdl< hq;= njgo 3X oekg mj;sk mrsmd,k l%uh ;=,u fuz l%uhka l%shd;aul lsrSugo fuz Sessional

Paper ;=,ska fhdackd lrk ,osX fuz wkqj 1926 udrA;= 04 jk osk tl ;SrKh l<d idlpzPd lr f;arSuz ldrl iNdjla m;a lsrSug ^1928& fuu ldrl iNdfjz jdrA;dj wkqj 1X uq:Z osjhskgu ^kd.rsl n, m%foaY yer& .uz iNd we;s lsrSug (Village Committee) 2X kd.rsl fldusgs we;s lsrSug 3X “ Urban District Council) k.r iNd kuz lsrSug 4X uy k.r yd k.r iNd fldgzGdY yer wksl=;a wdh;k j, iuznkaOSldrKh” wOSCIKh i|yd osidm;s;=udf.a iyNd.s;ajfhka District Boards m;a lsrSug fuz iNdfjz b;srs idudcslhska jkafka .uziNd “ iq,q k.r iNdj, f;dard.;a idudcslhska yd m;al, ;=kafofkl=g fkdjevs idudcslhskahX fuz wdldrhg wOHhkh l, jdrA;dj 1928 cq,S fvdkfudarA fldusIka jdrA;dj kuska m%isoaO lrk ,osX fuz wkqj ,xldfjz uy k.r iNd” k.r iNd” iq,qk.r iNd yd .uziNd m,d;a md,k wdh;k y;r wdruzN jshX fuz wkqj 1947 wxl 29 orK uy k.r iNd wdd mk;o 1939 wxl 61 orK k.r iNd wdd mk;o mrspzfPao 198 orK .uziNd wdd mk;o iuzu; lrk ,osX ^1924 fkdjeuznrA 01 osk uq,au .uziNd wdd mk; fuz wkqj ixfYdaokh jsh&X fuz mk;a wkqj ksoyia” ksS;sHdkql+, n,;, w;r ixia:djka f,i;a lghq;= lsrSug wvs;d,u ouk ,osX fuz wkqj fuz wdh;k y;r ;=,ska ;u n,m%foaY ;=, ck;djf.a wdrCIdj (Protection), iem myiqluz jrAOkh (Promotion of the Comfort), iqLjsyrKh yd iqNidOkh (Convenience& Welfare) lsrSu i|yd kS;s fr.=,diS iEoSu” md,kh lsrSu” fi!LH myiqluz we;s lsrSu yd md,kh” uyck fmdoq myiqluz iemhSu (Public Utility), fmdoq .ukd.uk udrA. myiqluz iemhSu wdosh lsrSu i|yd n,;, ta wdh;k j,g ,ndfok ,osX fuz jk jsg ,xldfjz uy k.r iNd 07 la” k.r iNd 36 la” iq,q k.r iNd 38 la yd .uziNd lusgq 403 la ia:dmkh lrk ,osX by; lS ,xldfjz m,d;a md,kh wdruzN jqfha flfiao@ rch fuz wdh;k j,ska n,dfmdfrd;a;= jQfha l=ulao@ hkak ukdj meyeos,s jkq we;X fuz wkqj ;u n,m%foaY j, ck;dj tl;=jS ;u ;ukaf.a m%foaYfha uQ,sl wjYH;djhka jsOsu;a mrsos kS;sHdkql+,j m%foaYfha iuzm;a Wmfhda.s lrf.k mrsirh wdrCId lruska lghq;= lr .ekSu i|yd talrdYS jS lghq;= lsrSu i|yd kS;suh m%;smdok ,ndoSula n,dfmdfrd;a;= jQ nj meyeos,s fjzX tfukau fuz wdh;k j, md,khg iyNd.s jk idudcslhskag ke;skuz uka;%Sjrekag jegqma fyda oSukd ,ndoSula isoq fkdjskX iafjzpzPdfjka lghq;= lsrSu i|yd wjia:djla ,ndoS ;snsKX Tjqkag .re uka;%S;=ud” .re iNdm;s;=ud” .re k.rdOsm;s;=ud wdos f,i weu;Sug ck;dj mqreoq jQfha fyda mqreoq lf,a fuz .re lghq;= i|yd nj fuhska meyeos,s fjzX uSg miqj fuz wdh;k ;=,ska iq,q k.r iNd yd .uziNd tl;= lr 1979”1980 ld, jljdkqfjz ixjrAOk iNd kuska w,q;a wdh;khla ia:dms; lrk lrk ,osX ta i|yd ixjrAOk iNd uka;%Sjreka kuska uka;%Sjreka fldgzGdYhla uyck Pkaofhka m;a lrk ,osX kuq;a fuz l%uh .%duSh m%foaY j, ck;djf.a ;snqK n,;, yd fiajd iemhSfuz ;SrK oSfuz n,h tla;rd oqrlg uOH.;jq l%uhla f,i ck;dj jsfrdaOh oelajQ nejska widrA:l ;;ajhlg m;ajshX fuz wkqj fuz ;=,ska n,dfmdfrd;a;= jQ uyck fiajh ,ndoSug wmyiq jshX

53

tnejska 1987 wxl 15 orK m%dfoaYSh iNd mk; u.ska tu wdh;k i;=j mej;s m,d;a md,k wdh;k j, n,;, m%dfoaYSh iNd i|yd ,ndfok ,osX fuz ;=,ska rch n,dfmdfrd;a;= jQfha l=vd tall f,i mej;s .uziNd yd iq,q k.r iNd i|yd ,xldfjz tjlg mej;s m%dfoaYSh md,k tallh jQ Wm osidm;s fldgzGdY ke;skuz oekg Ndjs;d jk mrsos m%dfoaYSh f,aluz fldgzGdYhl n, m%foaYhg iudk jk mrsos mq:Z,a n,;, iys;j jsYd, ck fldgila we;sjk mrsos” jsYd, wdodhulao Wmojd f.k jvd fyd| fiajdjla ,ndfok wdh;khla nsys lsrSuhsX fuz w,q;a mrsmd,kh tallh nsysjQ miq fuz jk jsg ,xldfjz uy k.r iNd 18lao” k.r iNd 42 lao” m%dfoaYSh iNd 270lao jYfhka iuia: m<d;a m,dk wdh;k ixLHdj 330 la fjzX uOHu m<d; .;ajsg uy k.r iNd 03lao” k.r iNd 06lao” m%dfoaYSh iNd 33lao f,i m<d;a md,k wdh;k 42lska hqla; fjzX fuz wdldrhg we;s jQ fuz m<d;a md,k mrsmd,k l%uh 1987 wxl 42 orK m<d;a iNd mk; yd 13 jk wdKavql%u ixfYdaOkh wkqj fuf;la uOHu rch u.ska lrk ,o mrsmd,kh m<d;a iNd j,g ,ndfok ,osX tfia jqj;a 1988 isg 1991 olajdu fuz n,;, mejrSu iuznkaOj cd;sl ugzgfuz iuyr foaYmd,k kdhlhska yd ks,OdrSSka w;r mej;s ukao.duS ;;ajh ksid fome;af;kau md,kh jk l%uhl mej;=ksX kuq;a 1991-06-18 tjlg ckdOsm;sjrhd jsiska lrk ,o “ The Effective Functioning of

Local Ahthorities” kuska jQ wud;H uKav, m;%sldj u.ska m<d;a md,k wdh;k j, wOSCIKh” u.Z fmkajSu” uq,H md,kh yd md,kh hk iuia: m<d;a md,k mrsmd,kh m<d;a iNd j,g mjrd fok ,osX fuz u.ska ;j oqrg;a n,dfmdfrd;a;= jQfha yd m<d;a iNd j,g u.Z fmkajSu jQfha m<d;a md,k wdh;k wdd mk;a j,ska ,enS we;s n,;, j,g jvd m<d;a iNdj,g kS;sHdkql+,j ,enS we;s n,;, j,ska m%dfoaYSh ugzgug ,ndosh yels huz huz n,;,o m<d;a md,k wdh;k j,g ,ndoS ta ;=,ska uyd fiajjdla ,nsoSuhX fuu fiajdjka ,ndoSu i|yd by; lS wdh;k ;=kgu rch jsiska kshu lr we;s uka;%Ska ixLHdjla uyck Pkaofhka m;a lrkq ,efnzX fuz uka;%Ska w;=frka iu k.r iNdjl kuz k.rdOsm;sjrfhl= yd ksfhdacH k.rdOsm;sjrfhl=o @ k.r iNdjla kuz iNdm;sjrfhl= yd Wm iNdm;sjrfhl=o@ m%dfoaYSh iNdjla kuz iNdm;sjrfhl= yd Wm iNdm;sjrfhl= m;a lrkq ,efnzX uq,a jljdkqfjz uka;%Sjrekaf.a Pkaofhka m;a lrkq ,enQ by; lS ;k;=reOdrSka miq.sh oYl fol ;=, ta iNdfjz jevs n,hla uka;%Sjreka isgsk mCIh jsiska kuz lrkq ,efnzX ^1987 wxl 24 m<d;a md,k wdh;k Pkao jsuiSuz ixfYdaokh mk;&X by;ska oelajQ mrsos ta ta m<d;a md,k wdh;k u.ska ;u n, m%foaYh ;=< uyck iqNisoaOsh ;ld l, yels ish,qu ixjrAOk lghq;= uyck TzkE tmdluz wkqj bgq lsrSu wdh;k m%OdkSkaf.a yd uka;%Sjrekaf.a j.lSuhsX ck;djf.a wdh;khla nejska tu ixjrAOk lghq;= ukdj yd M,odhs whqrska l%shd;aul lsrSu i|yd ks,OdrSka yd wfkl=;a wdh;k fufyh jSug fuu uyck ksfhdacs;hska ne|S isgs;sX Tjqka ta iuznkaOj ck;djg j.lsj hq;=hX fuu uka;%S uKav,h jsiska iajNdjfhaoS .kq ,nk ;SrK l%shd;aul lrjSu k.rdOsm;sf.a fyda iNdm;sjrhdf.a ldrAhjkafkahXk.rdOsm;sjrhd$iNdm;sjrhd wdh;kfha m%Odk jsOdhl ks,Odrs fjzX tfukau uqo,a md,kh iuznkaOfhka .;ajsg Tyq m%Odk .Kka oSfuz ks,OdrshdhX tfukau k.r fyda n,m%foaYh .;ajsg ta m%foaYfha m%Odk mqrjeishdhX tksidu Tyq m%foaYfha W;aij j, uQ,dikh fydnjkq we;X tfukau n,m%foaYhg meusfKk foaYSh yd jsfoaYSh wuq;a;ka ms<s.ekSu ;j;a ldrAhhlsX Tyq iNdfjz /iajSuz ms<sn|j wjYH jsOsjsOdk ie,iSu /iajSu leojSfuz ksfjzokh” kHdh m;%h wkqj l,a fokq ,enQ fhdackd wdosh .ek lghq;= l, hq;=hX /iajSu fufyh jsh hq;=hX iNd /iajSu iNd rS;sh wkqj mj;ajd f.k hdhq;=hX fuf,iu uka;%Sjrekag jsfYaI jQQ j.lSuz we;X iNdfjz lghq;= i|yd m%;sm;a;s ieliSu ixjrAOk lghq;= j, ck;d wjYH;djka wkqj m%uqL;d ;SrKh lruska ixjrAOk ie,eiau ilia lsrSug odhl jSu” wdh;kfha ish,qu wxY yd ks,OdrSka iu.Z iuznkaO fjuska ;u n, m%foaYfha ck;djg wjYH fiajd yd iyk i,idoSu” wdodhuz ,nd .ekSu

54

i|yd ck;djg ys; iqj msKsi Tjqka ;,d fkdfm,d noq ,ndoSuX ixjrAOk lghq;= h:dj;a mrsos isoqfjzoehs wLKavj mrSCIdfjz isgsuska tajd fufyh jSu” uyck meusKs,s .ek jsuis,su;a fjuska tajd ksis mrsos fufyhjSug lghq;= lsrSu wdosh fmkajd osh yelshX fujka lghq;= bIag lsrSu i|yd Tjqka ;ks ;ksj yd iduqyslj yd lusgq jYfhka j.lSug ne|S isgSX tfukau uy k.r iNdj, kuz ia:djr lusgq yd jsfYaI lusgq f,i jrA. 2 l lusgq msysgq jsh yelshX uy k.r iNd wdd mkf;a 26 iy 29 j.ka;s ia:djr lusgq uqo,a i|yd ;snsh hq;=uhX uSg wu;rj fjk;a lghq;= j,g iqoqiq mrsos lusgq 2 lg fkdwvq ixLHdjla m;al, hq;=hX ixjrAOk lghq;= i|yd” iemhquz wdos jYfhksX k.rdOsm;sjrhd uqo,a lusgqfjz uQ,dikh .;hq;=hX wfkl=;a lusgq j,g Pkaofhka m;al, uka;%Sjrfhl= iNdm;s jsh hq;=hX k.r iNd j,o lusgq ke;akuz ldrl iNd msysgqjSu .ek 26 jk j.ka;sfha i|yka fjzX fuu m;ajSu wksjdrAH fkdjk w;r wjYH kuz m;alr .; yelX m%dfoaYSh iNdj, lusgq msysgjSu m%dfoaYSh iNd mkf;a 12 jk j.ka;sfha we;=,;afjzX 1X uqo,a yd m%;sm;a;s 2X ksjdi yd m%cd ixjrAOk 3X ;dCIKsl fiajd 4X mrsirh yd myiqluz ms<sn| lusgq m;al, hq;=hX m%dfoaYSh iNd ldrAhNdrh ^w;a m;%sld 4&m%dfoaYSh iNd ldrAhNdrh ^w;a m;%sld 4&m%dfoaYSh iNd ldrAhNdrh ^w;a m;%sld 4&m%dfoaYSh iNd ldrAhNdrh ^w;a m;%sld 4& vS’Mus’Wm;siai nKavdr- jsurAIk ks,Odrs m<d;a md,k flduidrsia ldrAhd,h- noq,a, m%dfoaYSh iNd mkf;am%dfoaYSh iNd mkf;am%dfoaYSh iNd mkf;am%dfoaYSh iNd mkf;a---- 3 j.ka;sh3 j.ka;sh3 j.ka;sh3 j.ka;sh m%dfoaYSh iNd n, m%foaYh ;+, fjfik ck;djf.am%dfoaYSh iNd n, m%foaYh ;+, fjfik ck;djf.am%dfoaYSh iNd n, m%foaYh ;+, fjfik ck;djf.am%dfoaYSh iNd n, m%foaYh ;+, fjfik ck;djf.a

• uyck fi!LH fiajdjka • fmdoq Wmfhda.S;d fiajdjka

• fmdoq uxudj;a • ck;d iqL jsyrKh • myiqj yd iqN idOkh • ish,q myiqlus wdrlaId lsrSu

uyck fi!LH fiajduyck fi!LH fiajduyck fi!LH fiajduyck fi!LH fiajd 1X fmdoq ldKq boslrSu yd kv;a;+ lghq;+ we;+,q Ma ioyd lghq;+

• ldKq jidoeuSu fyda wjysr lsrSsus iusnkaOfhka fidhd n,d lS%hd lsrSu’ • n, m%foaYfha ksjdi” f.dvke.s,s iy boslsrSus ioyd m%udkj;a jeisls,s myiqlus

we;s lsrSug mshjr .ekSu’ • fmdoq ia:dk ioyd jeisls,s myiqlus we;s lsrSu’ • n, m%foaYfha we;s ish,qu jeisls,s ksisf,i mj;ajdf.k hk njg j. n,d .ekSu’ • kd.rsl m%foaYj, ;sfnk wvsmdrj,ao we;+,qj jSos ksismrsoS w;+.d msrsisoq lsrsu’ • le,s li, Ml;+lsrSus yd jsOsu;a mrsos Majd bj;alsrSu’ • k.r wdY%s; u, neyer lsrSu ioyd lghq;+ lsrSu’ • le,sli, iNdfjs foam, nj ^mkf;a 94 j.ka;sh&

2’ fi!LHg wys;lr f.dvke.s,s iusnkaOfhka l%shd;aul Majd jsOsu;a lsrSu’

55

3’ uyck m%Svd k;r lsrSug mshjr .ekSu’

• wmjs;% c,h we;s ia:dk jsOsu;a lsrSu’ • f.da>d;l ia:dkj,g n,m;% ,ndoSu’ • fmdoq kdk ia:dk jsOsu;aj mj;ajdf.k hdug wjYH lghq;+ • mrsir oqIK iusnkaOfhka l%Shd;aul Majd we;s lsrsug mshjr .ekSu’ • hus ;eke;a;l+f.a foam,g fyda Mu ;eke;a;dg ydkshla isoqjsh yels .ia fyda

w;+ lmd oeuSug l%shd lsrSu’ • f.dvke.s,s ie,iqus wkqu; lsrsu’ • jHdmdr n,m;% ,ndoSu’

fmdoq Wmfhda.S;d fiajdfmdoq Wmfhda.S;d fiajdfmdoq Wmfhda.S;d fiajdfmdoq Wmfhda.S;d fiajd

• c, iusmdokh • jSos fmdoq ia:dk yd fmdoq f.dvke.s,s jsoq,s wdf,dal lsrsu’ • fj<o fmd,j,a mj;ajdf.k hdu i;s $ fmdoq fj<oie,j,a • ;dkdhus mj;ajdf.k hdu’ • fmdoq kdk ia:dk mj;ajdf.k hdu’ • jeisls,s ioyd jeisls,s ,e,S $ fmdapspS ksIamdokd.dr msrsjeh iemhSu’ • oqmam;a mka;s ioyd ksjdi myiqlus iemhSu’ • mk; m%ldr fjk;a fmdaoq fiajdjka • r: jdyk kj;d ;nk ia:dk mj;ajdf.k hdu’ • wdhqrAfjso fnfy;a Yd,d mj;ajdf.k hdu’ • ldka;d yd <ud idhk mj;ajdf.k hdu’

iqNidOliqNidOliqNidOliqNidOl fiajfiajfiajfiajdddd

• uyck mqia;ld, mj;ajdf.k hdu • m%cdYd,d$ k.r Yd,d mj;ajdf.k hdu yd wdOdr lsrSu’ • iqidk N+uS mj;ajdf.k hdu • uyck lS%vdmsgs mj;ajdf.k hdu • jsfkdao ia:dk wdosh mj;ajdf.k hdug lS%hdlsrSu’

fjk;afjk;afjk;afjk;a

• wdmod ioyd iyk ie,iSu - wud;Hjrhdf.a wkque;s we;sj • .sksksjSfus wdrlaIK fiajd • lDIs lrAudka;h k.d isgqjSu ioyd wdorAY f.djsfmd,j,a mj;ajdf.k hdu • /lshd m%jrAOk jevigyka l%shd;aul lsrSu’ • jsjsO wKmk;a j,ska n,h mjrd we;s ldrAhhka bgqlsrSu’

by; ldrAhhka bgqlsrSu ioyd iEu m%dfoaYSh iNdjla jsiskau isjs wjqreoq ixjrAOk ie,iqus ielisu yd jdrAIsl whjeh f,aLkhg Mu fhdackd we;+,;a lr m%dfoaYSh ixjrAOkhg odhl jsh hq;+j we;’ 1999 m<d;a md,kh ms<sno ckdOsm;s mrSlaIK fldusIka iNd jdrA;d ksrAfoaYh wkqj m<d;a md,k wdh;k ixjrAOk ie,iqus ieliSfusoS Ma ioyd uyck iyNd.s;ajh ,nd.ekSu flfrys jsfYaI wjodkh fhduq lr we;’ Ma ioyd fldgsGdY ixjrAOk lusgq msysgqjSu yd lusgqj,g ;reK yd ldka;d ksfhdackhla ;snsh hq;+ nj okajd we;’

56

6 jk ieisjdrh6 jk ieisjdrh6 jk ieisjdrh6 jk ieisjdrh ^2018 jifrA wE|k,os&^ frdayK fygzgswdrpzps uy;d ^2018 jifrA wE|k,os&^ frdayK fygzgswdrpzps uy;d ^2018 jifrA wE|k,os&^ frdayK fygzgswdrpzps uy;d ^2018 jifrA wE|k,os&^ frdayK fygzgswdrpzps uy;d jsiska ilik ,os&jsiska ilik ,os&jsiska ilik ,os&jsiska ilik ,os&

m<d;a iNd m<d;amd,k wdh;k yd iajdOsk fldusIka iNdm<d;a iNd m<d;amd,k wdh;k yd iajdOsk fldusIka iNdm<d;a iNd m<d;amd,k wdh;k yd iajdOsk fldusIka iNdm<d;a iNd m<d;amd,k wdh;k yd iajdOsk fldusIka iNd wruqK wruqK wruqK wruqK

1. 13 වන ව(වසථා සංෙශධනය හරහා ලංකාවට හ,-වා,- පලා. සභා 0මය

සහ 1987 අංක 15 දරන පනත ම5- හ,-වා,- 6ාෙ78ය සභා ඇ: ;ය:

පලා.පාලනආයතන =යාව>ය ?@බද දැAව. Bම

2. 17වන ව(වසථා සංෙශධනය හරහා DEවරට හ,-වා,- සවාFන ෙකGෂ-

සභා =යාව>ය ?@බද දැAව. Bම.

19 වන ව(වසථා සංෙශධනය - සවාFන ෙකGෂ- සභා ෙතර;=re දැනගැJfus

අ$ය හා ජනාප බලතල

• අරDK

1. සAjdOsන ෙකGෂ- සභාවල කාLය Ndrය එN ls%hdකාB.වය ජනතාවට බලපාන ආකාරය.

2.19 ව(වසථා සංෙශධනය ම5- ;, කර ඇ ජනාප Oරයට අදාල බලතල මා කර ඇ අකාරය සහ 6මාKය

3.ෙතර දැන ගැ!ෙ" පනතට අදාල !මය ත.වය- සහ ජනතාවට එPfkදා

කටQ සදහා ෙයදා ගත හැ ආකාරය

• අ-තLගතය

1. සවාFන ෙකGස- සභා වල ආර"භය

2.17 වන වHjසථා සංෙශධනය JෙශRධනය කරG- 18 වන වHjසථා සංෙශධනය

ස"මත Sම සහ 18 වHjසථා සංෙශධනය JෙශRධනය කරG- 19 ස"මත Sම

3.වHjසථාදායක සභාව සහ එN සංQය

4.සවාFන ෙකGස" සහා ?Nට Sම සහ ඊට අod, L,තල

5. ෙතර දැන ගැ!ෙ" පනත එN අරDණ හා ඊට අදාල බලතල

6. ජනාපවරයාෙ බලතල මා ම

• කාලය : meh 7hs

• l%මෙVදය

දැAම පWෂා ම ,සyභා5කය- කතා මට ෙපළඹ Sම, 6ාෙයZක උදාහරණ

• ෙමවල"

W>\ චාL^ , මාකL පැ-, ෙතර ඉE:" ෙ" 6කාවක ආකෘයW

• ඇDK"

w;a m;%sld - 1 19 වනවHjසථා සංෙශධනය

57

w;a m;%sld - 2 - ජනාපවරයාෙ බලතල මා ම w;a m;%sld - 3 rdcH j.jSu jrAOkh lsrsu

w;a m;%sld 4 ෙතර දැන ගැ!ෙ" අ$ය

• මග ෙප-Sම

1. සවාFන ෙකGස- සභා වල ආර"භය - (aනාb 30)- (c7කල"Lනය)

2.17 වන වHjසථා සංෙශධනය JෙශRධනය කරG- 18 වනවHjසථා සංෙශධනය

ස"මත Sම සහ 18 වHjසථා සංෙශධනය JෙශRධනය කරG- 19 ස"මත Sම - (aනාb

30)- (ෙ7ශන)

3.වHjසථාදායක සභාව සහ එN සංQය - ( aනාb 30)- (ෙ7ශන)

4.සවාFන ෙකGස" සහා ?Nට Sම සහ ඊට අදලා බලතල - (aනාb 120)-(ෙ7ශන,dඩා

කfඩාය" idlpzPd) සහා කfඩාය" ls%යාකාරක")

5. ෙතර දැන ගැ!ෙ" පනත එN අරDණ හා ඊට අදාල බලතල - (aනාb 120 ) -

(ෙ7ශනdඩා කfඩාය" idlpzPd සහා කfඩාය" ls%යාකාරක") 6.ජනාපවරයාෙ බලතල මා ම -(aනාb 30 )- (ෙ7ශන idlpzPd) 7. පළා. සභා l%මය හ,-වා gම - (aනාb 60)- (ෙ7ශන idlpzPd) w;Am;s%ld 1 w;Am;s%ld 1 w;Am;s%ld 1 w;Am;s%ld 1 mmmmqqqqiqnsuiqnsuiqnsuiqnsu

wdKavql%u jHjia:dj 1978 jifrA isg jdr .Kkdjla ixfYdaOkh ù ;snqK o

ck;djdoS ixfYdaOkhka isoQjQfha 17 jk wdKavq l%u jHjia:d ixfYdaOkh u.sk’s kuq;a

2010 jifros wdKavq l%u jHjia:djg tlalrk ,o 18 jk jHjia:d ixfYdaOkh u.ska

by; lS 17 jk ixfYdaOkfhka f.k wd ck;djdoS ixfYdaOkhka wdmiq yerùu

muKla fkdj 1978 wdKavql%u jHjia:dfõ fkd;snQ taldêm;s ,CIK o úOdhl

ckdêm;sOQrhg tla lrñka jHjia:dodhl taldêldrhla ksrAudKh lrk ,oS'

fï ksid úOdhl ckdêm;s OQrh iïmQrAKfhka wfydais lsÍrsu fyda úOdhl ckdêm;s

l%uh ;=< mj;sk wys;lr n,;, iSud lsrsÍu ms<sn| uyck l;sldj;la 18 jk

ixfYdaOkfha wys;lr m%;sM, oefkk úg nqoaêu;=ka" jD;a;slhka" jD;A;Sh ió;s

úoHdrA:hska udkj ysñlï l%shdldrÍka yd iudc l%shdldrSka w;r we;s úh’ ckdêm;sjrKh 2015 ckjdrs ui meje;aùug ;SrKh lsrsÍu;a iu.u úmCIfha

fmd¥ wfmACIlhd f,i bosßm;a jQ ffu;%smd, isrsßfiak uy;df.a ue;sjrK m%ldYkfha

i|yka m%Odk fmdfrdkaoQjla jQfha ckdêm;sOQrfha wys;lr n,;, iSud lrk

wdKavql%u jHjia:d ixfYdaOkhla f.k tk njhs' tlS ue;sjrK m%ldYkh jQ osk 100 lska w¨;a rgla keue;s m%ldYkfha osk 100

jevigyfka 2015 ckjdrs 21 jk oskhg kshñ;j ;snqfka “oekg mj;sk w;a;fkdau;sl

úOdhl ckdêm;s l%uh fjkqjg leìkÜ uKav,h yryd mdrA,sfïka;=j yd iïnkaO jQ

úOdhlhla iys; wdKavql%u jHqyhla ia:dms; lsrsÍu iy 18 jk wdKavql%u jHjia:d

ixfYdaOkh wfydais lrñka iajdëk wêlrK fldñiu"iajdëk fmd,sia

fldñiu"iajdëk rdcH fiajd fldñiu"iajdëk ue;sjrK fldñiu"iajdëk w,a,ia fyda

58

¥IK úurAYk fldñiu yd udkj ysñlï fldñiu n,d;aul lsrsÍu we;=<;a 19 jk

wdKavql%u jHjia:d ixfYdaOkh flgqïm;la yeáhg mdfïka;=jg bosßm;a lr jHjia:d

ixfYdaOk l%shdj,sh wdrïN lr yels blaukska iïu; lsrsÍug mshjr .ekSu f,ih’s

ue;sjrK m%ldYkfha ld,igykg wkqju fkdjQjo 19 jk ixfYdaOk flgqïm; 2015

udrA;= 24 jk osk mdrA,sfïka;=jg m<uqjr lshùu i|yd bosßrsm;a jk ,oS’ miqj fuu

flgqïmf;ys i|yka m%;smdokj, wdKavql%u jHjia:dkql+,Ndjh wNsfhda.hg

,lalrñka fm;aiï 13la fY%aIaGdêlrKh fj; fhduqjk ,oS' fuu fm;aiï úNd.h

2015 wfma%a,a 1"2 yd 6 jk oskj,oS mj;ajk ,o w;r fY%aIaGdêlrKh u.sska o hï hï

ixfYdaOk we;=<;a lrk ,o’S miqj 2015 wfm%a,a 28 jk osk fuu 19 jk wdKavql%u jHjia:d ixfYdaOkh mdrA,sfïka;=j

úiska úmCIfha ixfYdaOk o we;=<;a lrñka iïu; lr.kakd ,oS'

59

tfia iïu; jQ 19 jk ixfYdaOkfha wka;rA.; jQ uQ,sl lreKq fufia idrdxY .; l< yelsh' 1' f;dr;=re oek.ekSfï whs;sh y\qkajdoSu 2' ckdêm;sjrhdf.a Oqrld,h jir 5 olajd wvq lsrsu 3' ckdêm;sjrhl= f,i OQrh oerßh yelafla Wmrßu jYfhka jdr 2 la hkak y\qkajdoSu 4' n,fha isák ckdêm;s ñh.sh fyd;a fyda OQrh ysiaùula isoQjqjfyd;a jevn,k

ckdêm;s OQrhla ms<sn| m%;smdok

5 'ckdêm;sjrhd fj; w;sfrAl j.lSï mejrÍu

6' ckdêm;sjrhdf.a uqla;sh iSud lsrsÍu

7' wdKavql%u jHjia:d iNdj kej; y\qkajdoSu^fldñIka iNd i|yd idudcslhska

m;alsÍrSu yd by< ks,OdrSka yd úksiqrejreka m;a lsÍug ckdêm;sjrhdg ;snQ

n,;, iSudlsrsÍu&

8' leìkÜ wud;Hjrekaf.a Wmraßu iSudjla mekjSu

9' mdrA,sfïka;=fõ ld,h wvq lsÍrsssu

10 'mdrA,sfïka;=j úiqrejd yerÍug ckdêm;sjrhdg mej;s n,;, ixfYdaOkh lsrssssÍu

11 mdrA,sfïka;+ uka;%Sjrekag tfrysj fY%aIaGdêlrKhg úkh mrÍCIK i|yd n,;,

,ndoSu

12 'yosis mk;a ms<sn| m%;smdok wfydais lsrssssÍu

13 ú.Kk fldñiu yd m%iïmdok fldñiu yoqkajdoSu

14 'ue;sjrK fldñIka iNdj" cd;sl fmd,sia fldñIka iNdj yd rdcH fiajd

fldñIka iNdj, n,;, jeä lsrsÍu

fuu ish¨ ixfYdaOkhka f;audjka lsysmhla hgf;a jrA.slrKh l< yelsh' tkï

1 ckdêm;sjrhdf.a n,;, iSud lsrsÍu

2 rdcH j.ùu jrAOkh lsrsÍu

3 ck;dj iún, .ekaùu w;Am;s%ld 2w;Am;s%ld 2w;Am;s%ld 2w;Am;s%ld 2 ckdêm;sjrhdf.ackdêm;sjrhdf.ackdêm;sjrhdf.ackdêm;sjrhdf.a n,;,n,;,n,;,n,;, iSudiSudiSudiSud lsrssÍu’lsrssÍu’lsrssÍu’lsrssÍu’ 19 jk ixfYdaOkh f.k tafï uQ,sl fm<Uùfï ldrKdj jQfha 18 jk

ixfYdaOkh u.ska jHjia:dkql+, taldêm;s;ajhla f,i ckdêm;s OQrh

ksrAudKh lsrsÍuhs' tu ksid 19 jk ixfYdaOkh iïnkaOj m%Odk ue;sjrK igka

mdGhla jQfha úOdhl ckdêm;s OQrh wfydais lr mdrA,sfïka;=jg j.lshk

ckdêm;s OQrhla ksrAudKh l< hq;= njhs' kuq;a 1978 jHjia:dfõ m%;smdok

wkqj wdKavql%u jHjia:dfõ úYd, ixfYdaOkhlg hkafka kï ta i|yd

mdrA,sfïka;=fõ 2$3 Pkaohg wu;rj cku; úpdrKhlgo hd hq;=h' tneúka fmdoQ

60

úmCIfha fmdoQ wfmaCIlhdf.a ue;sjrK m%ldYfha i|yka jQfha cku;

úpdrKhlska f;drj 2$3 l Pkaofhka iïu; l< yels uÜgfï wdKavql%u jHjia:d

ixfYdaOkhla u.ska úOdhl ckdêm;s OQrfha n,;, wvq lrk njhs' ta wkqj my;

i|yka mrßos tf;la ckdêm;sjrhd i;=j mej;s n,;, wvq lsrsÍula fuu ixfYdaOkh

u.ska isoQ lrk ,oS'

• fldñIka iNd i|yd idudcslhska m;alsÍug ckdêm;sjrhdg ;snQ iuyr

wNsu;dkqidrs n,;, wdKavq l%u jHjia:dodhl iNdfõ ksrAfoaY u; isoQ

l< hq;= njg m%;smdok ie,iSu'

• by< wêlrKj, úksiqrejreka yd Wiia ks,OdrÍka m;alsrsÍug

ckdêm;sjrhdg ;snQ wNsu;dkqidrs n,;, wdKavql%u jHjia:dodhl iNdfõ

wkque;sh u; isoQ l< hq;= njg m%;smdok ie,iSu'

• ckdêm;sjrhdf.a Oqr ld,h jir 6 isg jir 5 olajd

wvq lsrsÍu’

• ckdêm;s OQrh oersfï jdr .Kk wjia:d 2 lg

iSudlsrssssÍu'

• ckdêm;sjrhd mdrA,sfïka;=jg hï;dla oQrg j.lshk OQrhla njg m;alsrsÍu'

• mdrA,sfïka;=fõ m<uq iNdjdrfhka jirlg miqj mdrA,sfïka;=j úiqrejd

yerÍug ckdêm;sjrhdg ;snQ n,;, iSud lsrsÍu' fï wkqj mdrA,sfïka;=j /iaù

jir y;rl=;a udi 6la .;jk f;la mdrA,sfïka;=j úiqrejd yerÍug

ckdêm;sjrhdg n,hla fkdue;s w;r thg fmr mdrA,sfïka;=j úiqrjkafka

kï mdrA,sfïka;=j úiqrejdyerÍug ckdêm;sjrhdg n,h mejfrkafka

mdrA,sfïka;=fõ nyq;r uka;%Sjreka iïu; lrk ,o fhdackdjla mj;skafka

kï muKs'

• ckdêm;sjrhdg tfrysj lsisoQ wdldrhl isú,a fyda wmrdO kvq mejrÍu

fkdyels njg jQ m%;smdok ^ckdêm;s úksrAuqla;sh& iudma; lrñka

ckdêm;sjrhdf.a l%shdjlg tfrysj kS;sm;sjrhd j.W;a;rlre lrñka

uQ,sl whs;sjdislï kvq mejrÍug yels f,i m%;smdok we;=<;a lsrsÍu’

w;Am;s%ldw;Am;s%ldw;Am;s%ldw;Am;s%ld 3333 rdcHrdcHrdcHrdcH j.ùuj.ùuj.ùuj.ùu jjjjrArArArAOkh lsrsÍuOkh lsrsÍuOkh lsrsÍuOkh lsrsÍu

wdKavql%u jHjia:djg tlalrk ,o 18 jk ixfYdaOkh u.ska fldñIka

iNdjkaf.a n,;, wvq lsrsÍu yd tajdfha iajdëk;djh bj;a lsrsÍu u.ska rdcH

j.ùu b;du;a oQrAj, ;;a;ajhlg weo jeáKs' tneúka rdcH fiajh w;a;fkdau;sl

f,i foaYmd,khskaf.a .%yKhg yiqjQ w;r ck;djg j.fjkjd fjkqjg

foaYmd,khskag W;a;r n|sk rdcH fiajdjla yd fmd,sishla ksrAudKh úh'

61

fuu ;;a;ajh fjkia lsrsÍu i|yd 19 jk ixfYdaOkh u.ska mshjr lsysmhla f.k

;sìKs' tajd kï”

• fldñIka iNd iajdëk lsrsÍu Tiafia tf;la ckdêm;sjrhdg mej;s

fldñIka iNd idudcslhska m;a lsrsÍfï n,h iSud lrñka fldñIka iNd

i|yd idudcslhska m;a lsrsu i|yd ckdêm;sjrhdg ksrAfoaY lsrsÍfï n,h

wdKavql%u jHjia:djg ,ndoQka w;r" tu ksrAfoaY wkqj osk 14la ;=< wod< m;a

lsrsÍï isoQ lsrsÍug ckdêm;sjrhd wfmdfydi;a jkafka kï tlS m;a lsrsÍï

iajhxlS%hj isoQjk nj 19 jk jHjia:d ixfYdaOkfha oelafõ’

• w,a,ia fyda ¥IK fpdaokd úurAYk fldñIka iNdfõ n,;, jeä lrñka meñKs,a,la fkdue;sj iaj fufyhùu u; jqjo w,a,ia fyda ¥IK isoQùula ms<sn| mrÍCId lsÍfï yelshdj tlS fldñIka iNdjg ,ndoQka w;r" thg wu;rj wkd.;fha w,a,ia kS;sh tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ¥IK úfrdaë iïuq;shg wkql+, jk mrßos ixfYdaOkh úh hq;= njo 19 jk ixfYdaOkfha olajd we;’

• rdcH fiajd fldñIka iNdj i|yd 17 jk ixfYdaOkfhka ,nd oQka n,;, 18 jk ixfYdaOkfhka bj;a l< w;r 19 jk ixfYdaOkhska tlS n,;, kej; jrla rdcH fiajd fldñIka iNdjg ,ndfok ,oS’

• cd;sl fmd,sia fldñIka iNdfõ n,;, h<s ,ndoSu - 17 jk wdKavql%u

jHjia:d ixfYdaOkh u.ska cd;sl fmd,sia fldñIka iNdj fj; ,ndoS ;snQ fmd,sia ks,OdrÍkaf.a n|jd .ekSï Wiia lsrsï yd úkh lghq;= ms<sn| n,;, 18 jk wdKavql%u jHjia:d ixfYdaOkfhka bj;a l, w;r tlS n,;, 19 jk wdKavql%u jHjia:d ixfYdaOkh u.ska h<s fmd,sia fldñIka iNdjg ,ndoQka w;r tu.ska fmd,sia fomdrA;fïka;=fõ iajdëk;ajh o wdrCId jk w;r ck;dj flfrys fomdrA;fïka;=fõ j.ùu jrAOkh fõ’

• ue;sjrK fldñIka iNdj iún, .ekaùu - ue;sjrK iufhaoS rdcH foam< wh:d f,i ue;sjrK lghq;= ioyd fhdod .ekSu je<elaúu ioyd fr.=,dis f.k tau ioyd n,;, ue;sjrK fldñIka iNdjg fuu ixfYdaOkh u.ska mjrd ;sfí' tu.ska rdcH ks,OdrÍkaf.a j.ùu jrAOkh jk w;r" tlS fr.=,dis lv lsrsÍu isrovqjï mjd ysñjk jrola f,i olajd ;sîfuka foaYmd,khskaf.a n,mEï yuqfõ jqjo ue;srK iuhloS rdcH foam< wh:d Ndú;djka ioyd uqod yersug fuu.ska rdcH ks,Odrska wffOrAh fõ’

• m%iïmdok fldñIka iNdj ioyd m%;smdok - rcfha ñ<oS .ekSï fgkavrA wdosh úêu;a f,i mj;ajd f.k hdu ioyd m%iïmdok fldñIka iNdjla fuu jHjia:d ixfYdaOkh u.ska yoQkajdoQka w;r th kj fldñIka iNdjla úh’

• ú.Kk fiajdfldñIka iNdj ioyd m%;smdok - rdcH ú.Kkhg wod,

ks,OdrÍka fjku fiajdjlg we;=,;a lsrsÍu i|yd fukau ú.Kkh Yla;su;a lsrsÍu i|yd we;s lrk ,o ú.Kk fldñIka iNdjo kj;u yoQkajd oSuls’

• leìkÜ uKav,fha ixLHdj ms<sn| iSudjka mekùu - leìkÜ uKav,fha

idudcslhska ixLHdj 30 fkdblauúh hq;= hq;=h' tfukau wud;H uKav,fha idudPslhkaa fkdjk wud;Hjrhkaf.a iy ksfhdacH wud;Hjrhkaf.a ixLHdfõ tl;=j 40 fkdblauúh hq;=h' fï wkqj leìkÜ wud;Hjreka leìkÜ fkdjk wud;Hjreka iy ksfhdacH wud;Hjrekaf.a uqΩ tl;=j 70 jeä fkdúh hq;= mrsos m%;smdok i,ik ,oS' tfy;a m%Odk mCI 2 tl;= ù yjq,a wdKavq msysgqùfï oS wud;Hjreka ixLHdj ;SrKh lsrsÍfï n,h mdrA,sfïka;=jg mjrK ,oS'

62

uyck;djuyck;djuyck;djuyck;dj iún, .ekajsuiún, .ekajsuiún, .ekajsuiún, .ekajsu

fuu by; lS lreKq ie,ls,a,g .ekSfïoS ta iEu lreKlskau ck;djf.a

mqrjeis whs;sjdislï Tijd ;eîula isoQjk nj meyeos,sh' thg wu;rj my;

i|yka l%shd udrA. Tiafia o ck;dj iún, .ekaùula isoQù we;’

19 jk ixfYdaOkh u.ska isoQl, ck;dj iún, .ekafjk meyeos,su

m%;smdokh jQfha f;dr;=re oek.ekSfï whs;sh uQ,sl whs;sjdislula

f,i wdKavql%u jHjia:djg tla lsrssÍuhs' fuu isoQQùu iqúfYaIS isoQùula

jkqfha 1978 jifrka miqj m<uq j;djg uQ,sl whs;sjdislï mrßÉfPaoh

ixfYdaOkh ùuhs’

tf;la mej;s iSudjlska f;dr ckdêm;s úksrAuqla;sh iSud lrñka

ckdêm;sjrhdg tfrysj uQ,sl whs;sjdislï kvq mejrÍfï yelshdj fuu

ixfYdaOkh u.ska ck;dj fj; ,ndoQka w;r tu.ska ck;dj iún,

.ekaùula isoQfõ

wêlrK l%shdj,sh iajdëkj isoQlsrsÍug wjYH jk wêlrK fiajd

fldñIka iNdfõ iajdëk;ajh fuu ixfYdaOkh u.ska wdrCId jk neúka

ta yryd o ck;d iún, .ekaùula isoQfõ’

w;Am;s%ld 4w;Am;s%ld 4w;Am;s%ld 4w;Am;s%ld 4

2016 wxl 12 orK f;dr;=re oek.ekSfï whs;sh ms<sn| ye|skaùula2016 wxl 12 orK f;dr;=re oek.ekSfï whs;sh ms<sn| ye|skaùula2016 wxl 12 orK f;dr;=re oek.ekSfï whs;sh ms<sn| ye|skaùula2016 wxl 12 orK f;dr;=re oek.ekSfï whs;sh ms<sn| ye|skaùula

f;dr;=re oek.ekSfï whs;sh wdKavql%u jHjia:dfõ 19 jk ixfYdaOkh u.ska

iy;sl jqjo th h:drA:hla f,i N=la;s ú|Sug mqrjeishkag wjia:dj ,efnkafka

f;dr;=re oek.ekSu ms<sn|j kS;shla mdrA,sfïka;=j úiska iïu; l< miqjh’

mkf;a wruqKqmkf;a wruqKqmkf;a wruqKqmkf;a wruqKq

mk;l wruqK tys mQrAúldfõ oelafõ’ ta wkqj f;dr;=re oek.ekSfï whs;sh

ms<sn| mkf;a mQrAúldjg wkqj wdKavql%u jHjia:dfõ 14w jHjia:dj u.ska

f;dr;=re i|yd m%fõYùfï whs;sh ;yjqre lr we;s neúka" iy f;dr;=re ,nd

.ekSfï whs;sjdislu n,d;aul lsrSu u.ska fmdoQ wêldrßj, úksúoNdjh iy

j.lSu ms<sn| ixialD;shla fmdaIKh lsrsÍfï wjYH;djla mek ke.S we;s neúka

o" tu.ska Y%S ,xldfõ uyck;djg hymd,kh i|yd jeä jYfhka iyNd.S úh

yels iy rfÜ fmdoQ ck Psú;fha§ il%Sh f,i iyNd.S úh yels iudchla

m%jrAOkh jk neúka o” hkqfjka i|yka fõ’

f;dr;=ref;dr;=ref;dr;=ref;dr;=re ,nd.ekSug,nd.ekSug,nd.ekSug,nd.ekSug we;swe;swe;swe;s whs;shwhs;shwhs;shwhs;sh mkf;a 5 jk j.ka;sfha úêúOdkj,g hg;aj" fmdoQ wêldrßhl

63

ika;lfha" Ndrfha fyda md,kfha we;s f;dr;=rej,g m%fõY ùfï

whs;sjdislu iEu mqrjeishl=g u we;'

f;dr;=re mk; u.ska wdjrKh jk wdh;k-fmdoQ wêldrÍka ^w& wud;HdxY ^wd& ,sÅ; kS;shlska fyda m<d;a iNd m%ma;shla hgf;a msysgqjd we;s wdh;k

^we& fomdrA;fïka;=

^wE& rdcH ixia:d

^b& fldgiaj,ska ishhg úismylg jvd rch i;= iud.ula

^W!& m<d;a iNdjla úiska msysgqjk ,o wdh;k ^t& rch fyda úfoaY wdKavqfõ fyda úfoaY ixúOdk fyda ie<lsh hq;= wruqo,a imhk rdcH fkdjk ixúOdk ^ta& rch fyda m<d;a iNd úiska uqo,a wdOdr imhk Wiia wOHdmk wdh;k

^T& rch fyda m<d;a iNd úiska uqo,a wdOdr imhk mqoa.,sl wOHdmk wdh;k

^´& hqla;sh mis|,Su i|yd we;s fldg msysgqjk ,o wêlrK

úksYaph wêlrK yd wdh;k

,nd,nd,nd,nd oSuoSuoSuoSu m%;sfCIamm%;sfCIamm%;sfCIamm%;sfCIam l<l<l<l< yelsyelsyelsyels f;dr;=rf;dr;=rf;dr;=rf;dr;=re

fmdoQ jeo.;alu;la fkdue;s wkjYH f,i hï mqoa.,hl=f.a mqoa.,sl;ajhg

ydks lrk f;dr;=re

rdcH wdrCIdjg fyda fN!ñl wLKav;djhg ydksjk f;dr;=re

cd;Hka;r .súiqula fyda ne|Sula ksid fy,sl< fkdyels f;dr;=re

fy<s lsrsÍu ksid wdKavqfõ wLKav wdrA:l m%;sm;a;sj,g ndOd úh yels f;dr;=re

nqoaêuh foam< mk;g .efkk jdksc ryia

mqoa.,sl ffjoH jdrA;d kS;sm;sjrhd o we;=¿j hï jD;a;Sh jrm%ido hgf;a wdrCIdl, hq;= f;dr;=re

Ndrldr iïnkaO;djhla u; ryis.;j ;nd.; hq;= f;dr;=re

fy,sorõ lsrsÍssSsfuka wmrdO je<elaùug ndOdjla jk f;dr;=re

wêlrKhg mdrA,sfïka;=jg wmydi jk f;dr;=re

úNd.j,g wod,j ryis.;j ;nd.; hq;=

f;dr;=re

ue;sjrK kS;s hgf;a ryis.;j ;nd.; hq;=

f;dr;=re

fuu l=uk iSudjla ;snqK o “uyck hymf;ys jeo.;alu tu f;dr;=refy<sorõ

lsrsÍfuka jk ydkshg jvd jeä kï tjeks f;dr;=re i|yd jk b,a,Sula m%;slafIam

fkdl< hq;=” nj mk;a flgqïmf;a 5^4& j.ka;sh olajd isáhs'

64

f;dr;=ref;dr;=ref;dr;=ref;dr;=re iafõÉPdfjkaiafõÉPdfjkaiafõÉPdfjkaiafõÉPdfjka m%isoaOm%isoaOm%isoaOm%isoaO lsÍrsfï j.lSulsÍrsfï j.lSulsÍrsfï j.lSulsÍrsfï j.lSu

f;dr;=re ixrCIKh lsrsÍfï j.lSula iEu fmdoQ wêldrßhlgu mjrd we;'

iEu wud;Hjrfhla úiskau wud;HdxYh yd tys fiajdjka ms<sn| jdrA;djla jdrAIslj ,ndosh hq;=h'

hï jHdmD;shla" ^úfoaY wdOdr ,nk jHdmD;shla iïnkaOfhka jk úg"

tlai;a ckmo fvd,rA ñ,shk tlla blaujk iy ^wd& foaYSh jYfhka

wdOdr ,nk jHdmD;s iïnkaOfhka jk úg" remsh,a ,laI myla

blaujk& wdrïN lsrsug udi ;=klg fmrd;=j"tu jHdmD;shg wod<

úIhh mjrd we;af;a hï wud;Hjrfhl=fj;o tlS ikaksfõokh lrk

oskh jk úg ;ud i;= tu jHdmD;shg wod< ish¨ f;dr;=re fmdoQfõ

uyckhdg iy tu jHdmD;sfhka n,mEug ,laùug bv we;s ksYaÑ;

;eke;a;kag ikaksfõokh lsrsÍu" tu wud;Hjrhdf.a ldrAhh jkafka h'

f;dr;=re oek.ekSfï whs;sjdislu ms<sn| fldñIka iNdj msysgqùuf;dr;=re oek.ekSfï whs;sjdislu ms<sn| fldñIka iNdj msysgqùuf;dr;=re oek.ekSfï whs;sjdislu ms<sn| fldñIka iNdj msysgqùuf;dr;=re oek.ekSfï whs;sjdislu ms<sn| fldñIka iNdj msysgqùu ^w& Y%S ,xld kS;s ix.uh ^wd& m%ldYljrekaf.a" l;Djrekaf.a iy udOHfõoSkaf.a

ixúOdk iy

^we& fjk;a isú,a iudc ixúOdkj,ska hk ixúOdkj,ska bosßm;a lrkq ,nk kdufhdackd u; jHjia:dodhl iNdj úiska f;dr;=re oek.ekSfï whs;sjdislï fldñIka iNdfõ flduidrßiajreka ksrAfoaY lrkq ,nk w;r ckdêm;s;=uka úiska m;a lsrsÍï isoQ lrkq ,efí' fldñifï idudcsl ixLHj 5la jk w;r Tjqka jir 5l ks,ld,hlg ysñlï lshhs’

f;dr;=re ,nd.ekSfï l%shdmámdáhf;dr;=re ,nd.ekSfï l%shdmámdáhf;dr;=re ,nd.ekSfï l%shdmámdáhf;dr;=re ,nd.ekSfï l%shdmámdáh

iEu fmdoQ wêldrßhlau f;dr;=re ks,Odrsfhl= yd wNshdpkd úNd. lsrsÍu i|yd ks,Odrßhl= m;a lrk w;r Tjqka fj;ska f;dr;=re ,nd.; yelsh' tjeks f;dr;=re b,a,Sula ,sÅ;j isoQl< hq;=h' fuysos ,sÅ; hkakg bf,lafg%dksl udOHfhka isoQlrk

b,a,Sula o wod< fõ' f;dr;=re b,a,Su isoQlrk mqrjeishdg ,sÅ;j b,a,Su lsÍrsu

ioyd hï wmyiq;djhla mj;S kï f;dr;=re ks,Odrßhd ta i|yd iyh úh hq;= nj

mkf;a olajhs' f;dr;=re b,a,Sula ,ndoQka miqj ta ioyd f;dr;=re ks,Odrshd jsiska

rßisá m;la ksl=;a l< hq;=h'

tfiau f;dr;=re ,ndoSu i|yd kshñ; uqo, o ta wjia:dfõoS b,a¨ïlre úiska f.úh hq;=h' f;dr;=re ,nd.ekSu ioyd oerßh hq;= úhoï yd wdlD;s ms<sn| rÍ;ss f;dr;=re fldñiu úiska .eiÜ lrkq ,efí' f;dr;=re ,ndoSu m%;sfCIam l< wjia:djloS

65

w;Dma;su;a jk mqrjeishl=g ms<sfj,ska wNshdpkd úNd. lsÍrsfï ks,Odrßhdg yd f;dr;=re fldñiu fj; wNshdpkd l< yelsh’ mk; hgf;a jeromk; hgf;a jeromk; hgf;a jeromk; hgf;a jero s^39 jk j.ka;sh&s^39 jk j.ka;sh&s^39 jk j.ka;sh&s^39 jk j.ka;sh&

f;dr;=re iemhSu wjysr lsÍu" fÉ;kdkaú;j wiïmQrAK fyda jeros f;dr;=re iemhSu"

f;dr;=re fÉ;kdkaú;j úkdY lsrsÍu fyda jika lsrsÍu fldñIka iNdfõ le|ùug wjk; fkdùu fldñIka iNdfõ úNd.hlg iyh fkdoSu fyda fldñiug jeros f;dr;=re

iemhSu fldñIka iNdfõ ;SrKhlg wjk; fkdùu fyda meyer yerÍu fldñIka iNdfõ lghq;=j,g ndOd lsrsÍu iSudlr we;s f;dr;=re fldñIka iNdfõ idudcslhska úiska

fy,sorjs lsrsÍu

f;dr;=ref;dr;=ref;dr;=ref;dr;=re m%isoaOm%isoaOm%isoaOm%isoaO lsrsÍulsrsÍulsrsÍulsrsÍu ffOffOffOffOrArArArAhhhhhhhh lsrsÍu’lsrsÍu’lsrsÍu’lsrsÍu’

“fï mkf;a lsisjla u.ska" kS;shg tl.j h:d mrsos l%shd lsrsÍfï os úêúOdk i,iajd

we;s mrsos hï f;dr;=re orkakka úiska f;dr;=re m%isoaO lsrsÍfuka fyda f;dr;=re

fj; m%fõYh ,nd oSfï oS hï ;eke;a;l= úiska f;dr;=re fiùfuka iy

f;dr;=re ,nd.ekSfuka" je<elaùula fyda wffOrAhu;a lsrsÍula isoQjk f,i woyia

fkdúh hq;=hs” hehs mkf;a 36 jk j.ka;sh olajd ;sfí' ta wkqj f;dr;=re

iafõPdfjka m%isoaO lsrsÍu fyda f;dr;=re úurAYkh lsrsÍu ffOrAhhu;a lr ;sfí'

wlghq;+ kdolhskaf.a wlghq;+ kdolhskaf.a wlghq;+ kdolhskaf.a wlghq;+ kdolhskaf.a (Whistleblower) wdrlaIdjwdrlaIdjwdrlaIdjwdrlaIdj “fï mk; hgf;a bosrsßm;a lrkq ,nk b,a,Sula u; ksoyia lsrssÍug fyda fy<sorõ

lsrssÍug wjir fokq ,nk hï f;dr;=re" ksoyia lsrsÍu fyda fy<sorõ lsrssÍu

iïnkaOfhka hï fmdoQ wêldrßhl lsisoQ ks,Orhl= fyda fiajd kshqla;slhl=

úkhdkql+, fyda wkHdldr jQ hï o~qjulg hg;a fkdúh hq;= h” hkqfjka mkf;a

40 jk j.ka;sfha olajd ;sfí' ta wkqj mk; u.ska wdjrKh jk f;dr;=re fy<sorõ

lrk fiajlhska wdrCId lr ;sfí'

f;dr;=re hkqf;dr;=re hkqf;dr;=re hkqf;dr;=re hkq “f;dr;=re” hkakg” my; i|yka tajdfha fN!;sl iajrEmh fyda iajNdjh fkdi<ld" igyka" f,aLk" ixfoaY" úoHq;a ;eme,a" u;" WmfoaY" udOH ksfõok" pl%f,aL" kshu" f,d.a fmd;a".súiqï" jdrA;d" m%jD;a;s m;%" idïm,a" wdorAYl" yqjudre jk ,sms" ixfoaY" kS;s flgqïm;a" fmd;a" msUqre" is;shï" Ñ;%" rEmigyka" rEmuh fyda m%ia;druh jev fyda PdhdrEm" fiahdmg" laIqø fiahdmg" Yío má.; lsrsÍï" ùäfhda mg" hka;% u.ska lshúh yels jdrA;d" úoHq;a ,sms iy fjk;a f,aLk.; øjH we;+Ω mrß.Kl jdrA;d iy fjk;a f,aLk.; øjH" iy tajdfha hï msgm;a we;=<;a fõ.^mk;a flgqïmf;a 43 j.ka;sh&

66

පළා සභා සහ පලා පාලන මැවරණ "මය

• අරDණ - 2012 අංක 22 දරණ පළා. පාලන ජ-ද aම" පනත සහ

=යා.මක මට JයGත 2017 අංක 17 දරණ නව පළා. සභා ජ-ද 0මය

?@බද ජනතව දැAව. ම

• අ-තLගතය

1. පළා. පාලන මැවරණ l%uh හ,-වා gම

2. මා JLනය ම

3. කා-තා Jෙයජනය හ,-වා gම

4. මැවරණ l%ufha සාධ!ය සහ JෙසROJය ලWෂණ

5. නව පළා. සභා මැවරණ l%uh

6. මා JLණය ම

7. කා-තා Jෙයජනය

8. පලා. සභා !ය ls%hd;auljsu Sම ?@බද ඇ අaJශhත භාවය සහ වLතමාන

ත.වය.

• කාලය : පැය 5 aනාb 30

• මග ෙප-Sම

1.පළා. පාලන මැවරණ 0මය හ,-වා gම - (aනාb 15 )- (ෙ7ශනය) 2.මා JLනය ම - ( aනාb 30 )- (සාකlජාව- සහ ෙ7ශන)

3.කා-තා Jෙයජනය හ,-වා gම - (aනාb 45)- (සාකlජාව- සහ ෙ7ශන)

4. මැවරණ 0මය - සාධ!ය සහ JෙසROJය ලWෂණ - (aනාb 90 )- (ෙ7ශනය,

සාකlජාව සහ කfඩාය" =යාකාරක")

5. නව පළා. සභා මැවරණ 0මය - (aනාb 30 )- (ෙ7ශනය)

6.මා JLණය ම - (aනාb 15 ) (ෙ7ශනය)

7.කා-තා Jෙයජනය -( aනාb 60 )- (ෙ7ශනය, සාකlජාව සහ කfඩාය" =යාකාරක")

8. පලා. සභා !ය =යා.මක Sම ?@බද ඇ අaJශhත භාවය සහ වLතමාන

ත.වය - ( aනාb 45) – (සාකlජාව- සහ ෙ7ශන)

67

4444 fjks oskhfjks oskhfjks oskhfjks oskh

7 fjks ieisjdrh7 fjks ieisjdrh7 fjks ieisjdrh7 fjks ieisjdrh

මානව ක ^2018 jifrA wE|k^2018 jifrA wE|k^2018 jifrA wE|k^2018 jifrA wE|k,os&^ ursks vs ,sfjzrd uy;aush jsiska ilik ,os&,os&^ ursks vs ,sfjzrd uy;aush jsiska ilik ,os&,os&^ ursks vs ,sfjzrd uy;aush jsiska ilik ,os&,os&^ ursks vs ,sfjzrd uy;aush jsiska ilik ,os&

• අරDණ- ෙ7oය සංසකෘh ල මානව NGක" බ7ධ අංගයW ෙලස සy

නායක.වයට වpනාම උපකරණයW ෙලස කා-තා නා$කාව- අතර

ප%ච>ත Bම හා qrK Bම

• අ#ත%ගතය#

1. cd;Hdka;r හා ඓහා;ක සංදLභය

2 එWස. ජා-ෙ සංaධානය 3. m%cd;dka;%sl සමාජයක අ$- හා වග"

• කාලය - පැය 6 $

• l%uh - nqoaOsl,uznk foaYk idlpzPd l=vd lkavdhuz idlpzPd

• wjYHfoa- ms,sma pdgz udl ar meka wdosh

• weuqKquz

w;a m;%sld1. මානව ක ශව m%ldYKh

w;a m;%sld2 tlai;acd;Skaf.a m%ma’;sh ( ^wuqKd ke;&( ^wuqKd ke;&( ^wuqKd ke;&( ^wuqKd ke;&

w;a m;%sld3. Y%S,xld jHjia”dfjz ක අවාක පෙදය

• මගෙප#ම

• මානව NGක" යන වචනය ඇtන aට ඔබට Nෙතන ෙ7 ෙමකWද ^c7 කල"බනය) aනාb 30&

• මානව NGක" හා ෙ7ශපාලනය (^ෙ7ශනය) aනාb 60&

• මානව NGක" කඩaමW ස"බ-දව wOHhkh ෙකට අදාල ප%ශ aනවලට ?@ය" ෙසaම ?@බද (^;oa wOHhkh) aනාb 90&

• m%cd;ka;%jdos සමාජයW යA dමWද (^c7 කල"බනය) aනාb 30&

• m%cd;ka;%jdofha D>කdxග (^ෙ7ශනය) aනාb 60&

• මානව NGක" ?@බද qLවාදLo q7ගලය- ?>vwවන abෙය දLශණ-âනාb 15&

• එම දLශණ ?@බද ක-ඩාය" සාකlඡා âනාb 75)

68

w;a m;%sld 1w;a m;%sld 1w;a m;%sld 1w;a m;%sld 1

මානව අවාක +,බඳ ශව m%m%m%m%කාශනය

1948 ෙදසැ"බL මස 10 ෙවJ Pන එWස. ජාy-ෙ මහා මfඩලෙය- ස"මත කරA ල,ව m%කාශයට ප. කළ මානව අ$වා;ක" ?@බඳ aශව m%කාශනය ෙමN අ-තLගත ෙV. ෙමම ඓහා;ක ;7ෙය- ෙමම m%කාශනෙ අඩං| වග- m%චාරයට ප. කරන ෙම- ද “ඒ ඒ රටවල පවන ෙ7ශපාලන ත..වය ?@බඳව ෙවනසW ෙනකර ෙමම m%කාශනය m%ධාන වශෙය- පාසE හා wOHdපන ආයතනය- ම~- පැර Sමට m%oLශනය Sමට පාඨනය කරSමට හා පැහැP> කරSමට සලසවන ෙම-ද” එWස. ජාy-ෙ මහා මfඩලය a;- ;ය:ම සාමාක රාcHය- ෙග- ඉEලා ;pන ල7ෙ7ය.

/%කාව

ෙලකෙ පව.නා Jදහස QWය සහ සාමය ය-ෙනN පදනම GJස පෙE ;ය: ෙදනාෙ ම සහජ ග.වය හා අ-ස කළෙනහැ සම අ$වා;ක" ?@ගැ!ම වන ෙහ$- ද

මානව අ$වා;ක" ෙනතැම හා අවඥාවට ලWෙ" m%ඵලයW වශෙය- GJස වLගයාෙ හෘදය සාWය සාහ;ක ඩනයට භාජනය ෙකෙරන "ෙElඡ කෲරක" ;,S ඇ ෙහ$- ද GJස වLගයාට අදහස m%කාශ ෙ" හා aශවාස ඇදN> දැෙ" Jදහස. vෙය- හා අඟNඟකG- ෙතරSෙ" Jදහස. W aමට හැ m%ජාවW ඇරම ෙප, ජනතාවෙ fY%aIaඨතම අෙ\Wෂාව ෙලස m%කාශයට ප. S ඇ ෙහ$- ද

,ෂඨ පාලකය-ට හා පBඩනය-ට a7ධව අ-ම ls%යා මාLගයW වශෙය- කැර> ෙකලාහල ඇ මට GJසා ෙපළඹSම වැළැWSමට න" ! ම5- මානව අ$වා;ක" ආරWෂා කරgම wjYH වන ෙහ$- ද

ජාy- අතර G;% ස"බ-ධතා තව,රට. වLධනය ම අ;HdjYH වන ෙහ$- ද

>ක මානව අ$වා;ක" ෙකෙරN. GJසාෙ ග.වය හා අගය ෙකෙරN. ia;s% qෂ ෙදපWෂෙ සමාන අ$වා;ක" ෙකෙරN. තම Sශවාසය හා භWය එWස. ජාy-ෙ සාමාක ජාy- a;- m%ඥ\ෙයN සර ෙලස නැවත ?@ෙගන ඇ ෙහ$- ද සමාජ m%ගය හා වඩා යහප. වන ත..වයW වඩා q:E ෙලස වLධනය මට අෂඨානය කර ඇ ෙහ$-ද

මානව අ$වා;ක" හා >ක සවාFන.වය- ෙකෙරN aශව ග.වය. ඒවා ක gම. එWස. ජාy-ෙ සංaධානෙ සහෙය5.වෙය- වLධනය මට සාමාක රාPH m%ඥා g ඇ ෙහ$- ද

ඒ m%;sඥාව පBLණව සාWෂා. කර ගැ!ම සඳහා ෙමම අ$වා;ක" හා සවාFනතා ?@බඳව ෙප, අවෙබධය ලබා ගැ!ම අශ$- වැදග. වන ෙහ$- ද

එWස. ජාy-ෙ මහා මfඩලය ෙමෙසR m%කාශ කර ;

69

මානව අ$වා;ක" ?@බඳ ෙමම aශව m%කාශනය සමාජය සෑම q7ගලෙයd හා සංaධානයW a;- Jර-තරෙය-ම ;Nප. ෙකෙරG- සකල ජනතාව-ට හා ;ය: ජාy-ට සාWෂා. කරගත Q ෙප, ත..වයW වශෙය- අOHdmනෙය- හා අOHයනෙය- ෙමම අ$වා;ක" හා සවාFන.වය- ග කළ Qය$ ද ජාක . ජා;H-තර . m%ග8 aaධාන ම5- ෙ" NGක" සාමාක රටවල ෙම-ම ඒවාෙ බලයට අවනත ෙසt රටවල ජනතාව අතර ද අගය මට සලැසSෙම- ෙලකය D:EෙEම ඒ ?@බඳ ග.වය හා ls%යාකාB.වය සැල;ය Qය$ ද m%කාශ කර ;

1 1 1 1 වන වග#ය

;ය: මAIHෙය Jදහසව උපත ලබා ඇත. ග.වෙය- හා අ$වා;ක"ව>- සමාන ෙව. QW අQW ?@බඳ හැෙම- හා හෘදය සාWෙය- Q. ඔ- ඔෙන-ට සැළය Q.ෙ. සෙහදර.වය ?@බඳ හැෙමJ.

2 2 2 2 වන වග#ය

ජා වංශ වLණ ia;s% qෂ භාවය භාෂාව ආග" ෙ7ශපාලන ආg කවර ෙදයW ෙහ සමාජ ජාක ෙ7පළ උපත ආg කවර ත..වයක aෙශRෂයW ෙහ ෙනමැව ෙ" m%කාශනෙ සඳහ- ;ය: NGක"වලට හා සවාFන.වය-ට සෑම q7ගලයdම උම ව-ෙ-ය.

තවද ය" q7ගලයd අය.වන රෙ^ ෙ7ශපාලන !මය ෙහ ජා;H-තර ත..වය- ?@බඳ ;, aෙශRෂයW ද ඒ රෙ^ සවාFන භාරකාර අසවාFන ආg කවර ත..වයW ?@බඳ aෙශRෂයW ද ෙනමැව ෙ" NGක" ඔr ස ව-ෙ-ය

3 3 3 3 වන වග#ය

සෑම q7ගලෙයdටම ව.Sමට. Jදහසව ;yමට. ෙප7ග>ක ආරWෂාවට. NGක" ඇ.ෙ.ය

4 4 4 4 වන වග#ය

සෑම ආකාරයකම වහE ෙවළඳාම හා වහEකම තහන" ව-ෙ-ය

5 5 5 5 වන වග#ය

;ම q7ගලයd වධ Nංසාවට ෙහ කෲර අමාAක පහ. සැළEලකට ෙහ දවමකට ෙහ භාජනය ෙනකළ Qය

6 6 6 6 වන වග#ය

සෑම අවසථාවකg ම !ය ඉPBෙ q7ගලයd වශෙය- ?@ගA ලැෙ" අ$ය සෑම ෙකෙනdම සය

70

7 7 7 7 වන වග#ය

;යEල-ම !ය ඉPBෙයN එෙනකාට සමාන වන අතර !yෙ ආරWෂාව ලැමට ;, aෙශRෂයW ෙනමැව ;යEෙලම NGක" ලබ. ෙ" m%කාශනයට පටහැJ ෙලස ෙකෙරන ඕනෑම අසාධාරණය- ආරWෂා Sෙ" අ$ය. එබ අසාධාරණය-ට ෙපළඹSෙම- ආරWෂාSෙ" අ$ය. ;යEල-ටම NG ෙV

8 8 8 8 වන වග#ය

ආfl%ම jHවසථාව>- ෙහ !ෙය- ෙහ m%දානය S ඇ >l m%;slLම ෙයදා ගැ!ෙ" NGක" සෑම q7ගලයd ස ෙV

9 9 9 9 වන වග#ය

බලහ.කාරෙය- අ. අඩං|වට ගැ!මට ෙහ අ. අඩං|ෙV රඳා තැමට ෙහ ?වහE මට ෙහ ;ම q7ගලයd භාජනය ෙනකළ Qය

10 10 10 10 වන වග#ය

තම-ෙ අ$වා;ක" හා Qක" ?@බඳව ෙහ ත"-ට a7ධව ය" අපරාධ ෙචදනාවW ?@බඳව ෙහ Jශචය ම සඳහා සාධාරණ . aවෘත . සවාFන අපWෂපාත න aභාගයකට සෑම තැනැ.තdම Lණ සමාන.වෙය- QWතව NGක" ලබ$.

11 11 11 11 වන වග#ය

1 දfඩන වරදW ස"බ-ධෙය- ෙචදනා ලැබ ;p සෑම q7ගලෙයdටම !;H&Aල aවෘත අකරණ aභාගය- වරදක බව ඔ\qවන ෙතW JLෙදයd ෙලස සලකA ලැමට. ඒ අකරණෙg තම Jදහසට කK ෙප-වා ;මට වමනා ;ය: අවYHතා ෙනඅව ලැමට. NGක" ඇ.ෙ.ය.

2 ය" වරදW ෙහ m%මාද ෙදෂයW ;වdෙග- ;, අවසථාෙVg එම කාලෙ පවන ජාක ෙහ අ-තLජාක !ෙයN එම වරද ෙහ m%මාද ෙදෂය දfඩනය වරදW ෙසR ෙනසඳහ-ව පැව න" එම වරදට ෙහ m%මාද ෙදෂයට ඔr වරදකවd ෙලස ෙනසැළය Qය. දfඩන වරද කළ කාලෙg වලං|ව පැව දවමකට වඩා වැb දවමW එවැJ වරදකවd උෙදසා ෙනපැනaය Qය.

12 12 12 12 න වග#ය

;ම q7ගලයdෙ ෙප7ග>ක aතයට (රහස භාවයට) පලට Jවසට ෙහ >? ගAෙදAවලට බෙල- ඇ~> ගැම ෙහ ග.වයට ෙහ වැදග. භාවයට පහර ගැම ෙහ ෙනකළ Qය එබ ඇ~> ගැ" ෙහ පහර ගැ"වලට a7ධව !ෙ කවරණ ලැෙ" අ$ය සෑම q7ගලයd සව ඇත.

71

13 13 13 13 වන වග#ය

1 සෑම q7ගලයdටම තම රාPH මාව ඇළත JදහෙසR ගමනාගමනයට හා පPංhයට NGක" ෙ

2 සවය රට ද ඇ:ව කවර ෙ7ශය- ෙහ ඉව.ව යාමට. තම රටට ආපt පැGමට. සෑම q7ගලයdටම NGක" ඇත

14 14 14 14 වන වග#ය

1 පBඩනය-ෙග- Gg aෙ7ශයක අභයාරWෂාව ෙසSමට හා ඵය W aමට සෑම q7ගලයdටම NGක" ඇත

2 ෙ7ශපාලනමය ෙන අපරාධව>- උ7ගතවන ෙචදනා හා එWස. ජාy-ෙ අරDKවලට පටහැJ &ls%යාව- Jසා පැන න~න ෙචදනාවලට ලW ව- ස"බ-ධෙය- යට NGක" ls%යා.මක ෙනවA ඇත

15 15 15 15 වන වග#ය

1 සෑම q7ගලයdටම ජාක.වයකට NGක" ඇත

2 ;ම q7ගලයd ස ජාක.වය බෙල- අෙහ; ෙනකළ Q අතර ඔrෙ ජාක.වය ෙවනස මට ඔrට ඇ අ$ය පැහැර ෙනගත Qය

16 16 16 16 වන වග#ය

1 Lණ aයට ප. ;ය: ia;s% qෂය-ව ජාය ජාක.වය ෙහ ආගම ආg ;, මාවW ෙනතකා aවාහ S පලW ඇ ෙ" අ$ය ඇ.ෙ.ය. aවාහ Sෙ"g ෙම-ම aවාහය අවලං| ෙ"g ද ඔ- සමාන අ$වා;ක" දර$.

2 aවාහයට ඇළ. කළ Q.ෙ. එෙසR ඇළ. වන ia;s% qෂ ෙදෙදනාෙ ස"Lණ Jදහස කැමැ.ත ?ට පමණ

3 සමාජෙ සවාභාaක . >ක . සහ ඒකකය වන පල සමාජෙ හා රාPHෙ කවරණ ලැෙ" අ$ය දර$

17 17 17 17 වන වග#ය

1 සෑම q7ගලයdටම තJව ෙම-ම හෙE ද ෙ7පළ අ$ය සඳහා අ$වා;ක" ඇ.ෙ.ය

2 ;ෙවd ස ෙ7පළ බෙල- අNG මට ෙනහැය

18 18 18 18 වන වග#ය

yෙ" හෘදසාWය දැෙ" හා ආගම ඇද ෙ" Jදහස W aෙ" අ$වා;කම සෑම q7ගලයdම සව ඇත. තම ආගම ෙහ aශවාසය ෙවනස ෙ" Jදහස.

72

තJවම ෙහ අJHය- සමඟ සහ වශෙය- ෙප7ග>කව ෙම-ම m%;7ෙ තම ඇද " හා ආගම m%කට ෙ" ඉගැ-Sෙ" ?@පැgෙ" ව-දනා ෙ" හා අAගමනය ෙ" Jදහස. එයට ඇළ. ෙV

19 19 19 19 වන වග#ය

තම Jදහස මතය දැමට හා m%කාශ මට සෑම q7ගලයdටම අ$ය ඇත අA-ෙ බාධාවW ෙනමැව තම මත දැමට. ෙ7ශ මා ෙනසලකා කවර මාOHය- ෙහ ෙතර ලැමට හා gමට. ඇ අ$ය ද ඊට ඇළ. ය

20 20 20 20 වන වග#ය

1 සාමකා¡ව එWසSෙ" හා සංග" පැවැ.Sෙ" අ$ය සෑම q7ගලයd සව ඇත

2 සG සමාග"වලට බැමට ;ෙවdට බලකළ ෙනහැක

21 21 21 21 වන වග#ය

1 ෙක>-ම ෙහ Jදහසව ෙතරාග. Jෙයත$- ම5- ෙහ තම රෙ^ රජයට සහභා5 Sමට සෑම q7ගලයdටම අ$ය ඇත

2 තම රෙ^ රාcH ෙසRවයට ඇළ. Sමට සෑම q7ගලයdටම සමාන අ$වා;ක" ඇත

3 රජෙ බලතලවල පදනම ව-ෙ- ජනතාවෙ කැමැ.තය ෙ" කැමැ.තm%l&ශ ව-ෙ- සLවජන ඡ-ද බලය අAව රහෙසR ෙදන ඡ-දෙය- ෙහ ඊට සමාන සවාFන ඡ-ද l%ම ම5- ක>- කලට අjH&ජ ෙල;- පව.වන ඡ-ද aම" ම5J

22 22 22 22 වන වග#ය

සමාජයට අය. q7ගලයd වශෙය- සෑම q7ගලයdටම සමාජ ආරWෂාව NG ෙV සෑම රාcHයකම සංaධානය හා ස"ප.වලට අAලව තම-ෙ ග.වයට. තම ෙපෂ.වෙ වLධනයට. අ;HdjYH jන ආLක සමාජ$ක හා සංසකෘක අ$y- ජාක m%ය.නය-ෙග- හා ජා;H-තර සහෙයZතාවෙය- ද ඒ ඒ රාcHය-ෙ සංaධාන හා ස"ප.වලට අAලව ද සාWෂා. කර ගැ!ෙ" NGකම සෑම q7ගලයdම සව ඇ.ෙ.ය

23 23 23 23 වන වග#ය

1 වැඩ මට. තම යාව Jදහසව ෙතරා ගැ!මට.සාධාරණ . චැඩ ෙ" පහtක" ලැමට ෙම-ම aරWෂා aප- ආරWෂාව ලැමට. සෑම q7ගලෙයdටම NGකම ඇ.ෙ.ය

2 ;, aෙශRෂතාවW ෙහ ෙවනසකමW ෙනමැව සමාන වැඩට සමාන වැ\ ලැෙ" අ$ය සෑම q7ගලයd සව ඇත

73

3 වැඩ කරන සෑම q7ගලයdටම තම-ට හා තම පලට GJස ග.වය ෙකන වනයකට අවYH සාධාරණ වැපW ලැමට. අවYH වෙහ. අවෙශRෂ සමාජ ආරWෂාව-ට කවරණ අ.කර ගැ!මට. අ$ය ඇත

4 සවය අ$වා;ක" ආරWෂා ම සඳහා වෘ.yය සG ඇ කර ගැ!මට හා ඒවාට බැමට. සෑම q7ගලෙයdටම අ$යW ඇත

24 24 24 24 වන වග#ය

වැඩ කරන පෑ ගණ- ?@බඳ මාවW ඇව ක>- කලට ලැෙබන වැ\ සNත Jවා Pනය- ද ඇ:ව aෙVක ගැ!ෙ" අ$ය සෑම q7ගලයdම ස ෙV

25 25 25 25 වන වග#ය

1 අහාර ඇ" Jවාස y& ෙසLH ෙසRවා ආරWෂාව ද අවYH සමාජෙසRවා ආරWෂාව ද ඇව තම-ෙ. තම පෙE. ෙසLHයට හා යහපතට m%මාණව. වන ත..වයW W aමට. යාව අNGSම ෙරගාබාධ ,බලතාව වැ-දw Sම මහ¢ බව හා ෙවන. තම-ට පාලනය ෙනකළ හැ ආපදාව>- aකාව ,ෂකර aට කවරණ ලැමට. සෑම q7ගලයdටම අ$යW ඇත

2 මාතෘ භාවය හා ළද භාවය aෙශRෂ උපකාර භා ආරWෂාවට උම ත.වෙයය aවාහක ෙහ අaවාහක මVව-ෙග- ලැෙබන ;ය¢ම දෙව සමාන ආරWෂාවට NGක" ඇ.ෙතය

26 26 26 26 වන වග#ය

1 අOH&පනය ලැමට සෑම q7ගලයdටම අ$යW ඇ.ෙ.ය.m%&%ථGක හා >ක අවසථාවලg පමණWව. අOH&පනය ෙනGළෙ aය Qය. m&%ථGක අOH&පනය අJවාLය aය Qය. කාLGක හා වෘ.yය අOH&පනය ලැමට සාමාJHෙය- අවසථාව සැල;ය Q වන අතර දWෂතා පදන" ෙකට උසස අOH&පනය අ.කර ගැ!ෙ" අවසථාව සමානව සැල;ය Qය.

2 GJස ෙපෂ.වය පBLණ සංවLධනයට ප. කරන අතට. මානව අ$වා;ක" හා >ක සවාFනතාවය- ?@බඳ ග.වය m%බල වන අLථව. අOH&පනය ෙයDකරaය Qය. GJස m%ජාවෙ ;ය: රාcHය- ජාy- හා ආගGක කfඩාය" අතර අ-fJdHය අවෙබධය. උෙ\Wෂාව හා G;%;;Aවය. වLධනය වන අ-දG- ඒ අOHdපනය සකසaය Qය. සාමය උෙදසා එWස. ජාy- ෙගන යන ls%යාමාLගයට ද එය අAබලයW aය Qය.

3. තම දව-ට Pය Q.ෙ. dමන අOHdපනයW දැ$ ෙතරා ගැ!ෙ" DE අ$ය මV?ය- සය

27 27 27 27 වන වග#ය

1rජෙ සංසකෘක aතයට JදහෙසR සහභාZ ව-නට. කලාෙව- ආශවාදය W aමට හා aoHd.මක PQKවට සහභාZ S එN m%ඵල W a£මට. සෑම q7ගලයdටම අ$යW ඇ.ෙ.ය.

74

2 තම-ෙ කLතෘ.වෙය- JෂපාPත aoHd.මක සාN;Hමය ෙහ කලා.මක කෘය- ජJත වන අOHd.Gක හා ෙභක ඵල m%ෙයජන ක ගැ!ෙ" අ$ය සෑම q7ගලයd සව ඇත.

28 28 28 28 වන වග#ය

ෙමම m%කාශනෙයN සඳහ- අ$වා;ක" හා සවාFනතාවය- පBLණව සාWෂා. කරගත හැවන සමාජ හා ජා;H-තර රටාවකට සෑම q7ගලයdටම අ$යW ඇත.

29 29 29 29 වන වග#ය

1 q7ගලයdෙ ෙපෂ.වය Jදහස පBLණ සංවLධනයකට ප.කර ගැ!ෙමN ලා ඉ කළQ සමාජ Qක" සW සෑම q7ගලයd ෙකෙරNම පැව ඇත.

2 q7ගලයාෙ අ$වා;ක" හා සවාFනතාවය-ls%යා.මක Sෙ"g මාව- vය Q.ෙ. rෙදW අ-JHය-ෙ අ$වා;ක" හා සවාFනතා ආරWෂාSම ?¤ස. m%ජාත-;%වාg සමාජයක මහජන සාමය හා ෙප, tභ;7ය ආරWෂා Sම ?¤ස. පැනෙවන ! ප7ධයW ම5- පම¤

3 එWස. ජාy-ෙ පරමාLථය- හා m%ප.වලට පටහැJ වන අ-දම- ෙමම අ$වා;ක" හා සවාFනතාවය- ls%යා.මක ෙනකළ Qය.

30 30 30 30 වන වග#ය

ෙ" m%කාශනෙයN සඳහ- ; අ$වා;කමW ෙහ සවාFනතාවයW වැන$ යන අ-දෙ" ;ම ls%යාමාLගයකට අ$යW ; රාcHයකට කfඩායමකට ෙහ q7ගලයdට අ.වන අ-දෙ" අLථ J¥පණයW ෙ" m%කාශනෙයN කවr වග-ය- ෙහ ෙනකළ Qය.

w;a m;%sld w;a m;%sld w;a m;%sld w;a m;%sld 3 3 3 3 ---- Y%S ,xld jHjia:dfjz uQ,sl whY%S ,xld jHjia:dfjz uQ,sl whY%S ,xld jHjia:dfjz uQ,sl whY%S ,xld jHjia:dfjz uQ,sl whs;sjdisluz ^wuqKd we;&s;sjdisluz ^wuqKd we;&s;sjdisluz ^wuqKd we;&s;sjdisluz ^wuqKd we;&

75

hy md,khhy md,khhy md,khhy md,kh

• අර ණ---- ෙ7ශපාලන ප7ධ-ල ;,ව-නා පBනාGය ෙවනසක" හ,නාෙගන ඒ ල කා-තාව-ෙ Gකා දැAව. Bම

• අ#ත%ගතය#- 1. එWස.ජා-ෙ යහපාලනය ?@බද අL:කථනය 2. යහපාලන D>කාංග

• කාලය - පැය 3 $

• l%uh - nqoaOsl,uznk’ foaYk lkavdhus idlpzPd

• අවYHYHYHYH ෙ0- qව.ප. >? abෙය පට, udlrAmeka “ ms,ama pdgz

• ඇ 2

w;a m;%sld - 1 යහපාලනය ?@බද පසටහ- w;a m;%sld - 2 එWස.ජා-ෙ යහපාලනය ?@බද අL:කථනය

• මගෙප#ම 1 යහපාලනය යA dමWද(^c7 කල"බනය)) aනාb 30 2 යහපාලනෙ D>කාංග ?@බද (^ෙ7ශනය) ) aනාb 60 3 යහ හා අයහප. පාලනය- ms@බද ෙලවqරා ඇ JදLශණ (^ ;7

අOHයනය හා සාකlඡා)) aනාb 90

76

8 jk ieisjdrh8 jk ieisjdrh8 jk ieisjdrh8 jk ieisjdrh foaYmd,k jHdmdrhla f.dv k.kafka flfiaofoaYmd,k jHdmdrhla f.dv k.kafka flfiaofoaYmd,k jHdmdrhla f.dv k.kafka flfiaofoaYmd,k jHdmdrhla f.dv k.kafka flfiao@@@@ wruqK wruqK wruqK wruqK ---- ;ukaf.a foaYmd,k jHdmdrh f.dv ke.Su ms<sn|j;ukaf.a foaYmd,k jHdmdrh f.dv ke.Su ms<sn|j;ukaf.a foaYmd,k jHdmdrh f.dv ke.Su ms<sn|j;ukaf.a foaYmd,k jHdmdrh f.dv ke.Su ms<sn|j jk Wmdh udrA. jk Wmdh udrA. jk Wmdh udrA. jk Wmdh udrA. ms<sn|j oekqj;a lsrSu yd ie,iquz lsrSuX ms<sn|j oekqj;a lsrSu yd ie,iquz lsrSuX ms<sn|j oekqj;a lsrSu yd ie,iquz lsrSuX ms<sn|j oekqj;a lsrSu yd ie,iquz lsrSuX wka;rA.;hka wka;rA.;hka wka;rA.;hka wka;rA.;hka

• foaYmd,k jHdmdrhla f.dv k.kafka flfiao@ • foaYmd,k m%jk;djhka y|qkd .ekSu • m%cdjf.a wjYH;djh y|qkd .ekSu iy ta i|yd Pkao jev ms<sfj,la ilialr

.ekSuX • uyck iuznkaO;djhla mgka .kafka flfiao@ • wruqo,a f.dv k.d .ekSu’

ld,h ld,h ld,h ld,h ---- meh 3 hs l%ufjzohl%ufjzohl%ufjzohl%ufjzoh - foaYK” nqoaOs l,uznkh” lKavdhuz idlpzPd wjYHfoawjYHfoawjYHfoawjYHfoa ---- *a,sma pdrAgz’ udrAlrA mEka weuqkquzweuqkquzweuqkquzweuqkquz w;a m;%sld 1 - foaYmd,k jHdmdrhla f.dv ke.Su w;a m;%sld 2 - wruqo,a f.dv k.d .ekSu u. fmkajSuu. fmkajSuu. fmkajSuu. fmkajSu foaYmd,k jHdmdrhla f.dv k.kafka flfiao@ jskdvs 30 hs ^nqoaOs l,uznkh& foaYmd,k jHdmdrhla f.dv k.kafka flfiao@ jskdvs 30hs ^foaYkh& foaYmd,k jHdmdrhla f.dv ke.SuX foaYmd,k jHdmdrhla f.dv ke.SuX foaYmd,k jHdmdrhla f.dv ke.SuX foaYmd,k jHdmdrhla f.dv ke.SuX ^w;a m;%sld 1&^w;a m;%sld 1&^w;a m;%sld 1&^w;a m;%sld 1& Y%S ,xldfjz Pkaoh mdjspzps lrkakg jvd fyd| m%jk;djhla olajkafka uyd ue;sjrKhlghsX bka yereKq jsg m<d;a iNd ue;sjrKhlo ie,lsh hq;= Pkao m%udKhla mdjspsps lr;;a m<d;amd,k ue;sjrKh t;ruz jeo.;a cku;hla m%ldY lrk ;ekla fkdjk njg uyck u;hla f.dv ke.S we;X uOHu m<d; .ek i,ld ne,SfuzoS ous, ck;dj jvd;a Woafhda.hlska Pkaoh mdjspzps lr ;u ksfhdacs;hska f;dard m;alr .kakd w;r isxy, yd .%duSh” fou<” uqia,suz m%cdj jvd;a ukao.duSj Pkaoh mdjspzps lsrSu ie,lsh hq;a;lsX th 55% - 60% la olajd m%udKhlsX 40% muKu fuz flfrys Wkkaoq fkdjSfuka ;u .%du ixjrAOkh i|yd jQ iNslhska f;dard .ekSu flfrys wjOdkh fhduq lrkafka ke;X fuu ;;ajh jrAOkh lsrSfuz,d” .%duSh ixjrAOkh ms<sn| jQ iqNjdoS wdl,am jrAOkh lsrSu fuysoS ie,ls,a,g .; hq;=hX jsfYaIfhka ldka;d ksfhdacs;jrshka m<d;a md,k wdh;k i|yd ;r.Z lsrSfuzos Pkao jvd Woafhda.su;aj mdjspzps lsrSu i|yd wmf.a WoafoaIK jHdmdrh jvd Yla;su;aj f.dvke.Su wjYHu lreKlsX

77

m<d;a md,k wdh;k yryd .fuz mdr .fuz c,h” .fuz fmdoq jHdmdr yd ne|qKq .%duSh ck cSjs;h ms<sn|j m<uq ;Skaoq” ;SrK .kakd l%shdj,sh wdruzN jkafka m<d;a md,k wdh;kfhaoShX .%duSh kdhsldjka m<d;amd,k wdh;k yryd foaYmd,khg m%jsYag jk udrA.h idod .kakd nejska wmf.a foaYmd,k .uka u.Z wdf,dalu;a lrk udj; f.dv k.d .ekSu Wfoid .%duSh ck;d Pkaoh mdjspzps lsrSfuz Wmrsu ;;ajh tkuz 100 la ,nd .ekSu wfma j.lSu yd WoafoaYK jHdmdrfha m%n, j.lSuo jkafkahX m%foaYfha foaYmd,k jHdmdm%foaYfha foaYmd,k jHdmdm%foaYfha foaYmd,k jHdmdm%foaYfha foaYmd,k jHdmdrhla f.dv k.kafka flfiao@ rhla f.dv k.kafka flfiao@ rhla f.dv k.kafka flfiao@ rhla f.dv k.kafka flfiao@ 1X iudk wruqK yd b,lal we;s msrsila talrdYS jsh hq;=hX foaYmd,kfhka bosrshg hEu i|yd n,j;a leue;a;la ;snsh hq;=hX th oSrA>ld,Sk jsh hq;=hX 2X ta i|yd wjxl lemjSula ;snsh hq;=hX tfiau usvx.= lsrSug ld,h ;snsh hq;=hX ldka;djkaf.a f;jeoEreuz N+usldjla foaYmd,k wruqKq bgqlr .ekSug ndOdjla fkdjsh hq;=hX 3X tfiau oSrA>ld,Sk yd flgsld,SSk ie,iquz ;snsh hq;=hX 4X foaYmd,k yd kdhl;ajh tlg ne|S mj;sSX fuz fyhska foaYmd,khg wj;SrAK jk ;eke;a;d ;=, kdhl;aj .;s ,CIK ;snsh hq;=hX th m%cdj ms<s.kakd kdhl;ajhla jsh hq;=hX 5X jHdmdrh f.dv.ekSu i|yd talrdYs jk mqoa.,hska foaYmd,kh kHdh” foaYmd,k wdh;k” kS;suh ;;ajhka ms<sn| oekqj;a Ndjhla ;snsh hq;=hX ta i|yd oekqj;a lsrSu yd l=i,;d jrAOkhla wjYHhX 6X jHdmdrh f.dvk.kakka ;=, w;aoelSuz ;snsh hq;=hX th ;udf.a fyda ;ud wOHhkh l, fjk msrsilf.a w;aoelSuz ;udf.a jHdmdrh f.dvke.Su i|yd m%fhdackhg .; hq;=hX 7X m%cdjf.a wjYH;djhka y|qkd .; hq;=hX wjYH;d m%dfhda.sl jkakg mq:ZjkX m%cdj iu.Z .ejish hq;=hX Tjqkaf.a W;aij wdoshg iyNd.S jS Tjqka w;r ckm%sh jsh hq;=hX 8X idudcslhska .fuz ius;s iud.uz j, idudcsl;ajh ,nd ;snSfuka Tjqkaf.a iydh foaYmd,k jHdmdrh f.dvke.Su i|yd ,nd .; yelshX 9X ;uka ksfhdackh lrk foaYmd,k mCIfha kdhlhska “ ixjsOdhlhska iu. Z l=:Zm.Z iuznkaO;djhka mj;ajd f.k hdhq;=hX 10X m%foaYfha ixjrAOk lghq;= i|yd iyNd.s jsh hq;=hX 11X udOH ;=,ska ;udf.a jHdmdrh ms<sn|j m%pdrh ,nd.; hq;=hX m%dfoaYSh udOHlrejkg /iajSuz j,g wdrdOkd fldg Tjqka iu.Z ksrka;r iuznkaOluz mj;ajd .ksuska wjYH m%pdrh ,nd.; hq;=hX jHdmdrh i|yd udOH yryd m%;srEmhla f.dv k.d .; yelshX 12X tfiau foaYmd,k m%jk;djhka f;areuz .ekSug yelshdjka ;snsh hq;=hX ld,Sk foaYmd,k” foaYmd,k orAYK” wdrA:sl m%;sm;a;s OfkaIajr- iudcjdosS kHdhka .ek wjfndaOh wjYHhX 13X iudk foaYmd,k lKavdhuz iu.Z cd,.; jSuo wjYHhX tjsg Yla;sh jevsfjzX 14X foaYmd,k jHdmdrhla f.dvke.Su i|yd wruqo,a w;HjYHhX foaYmd,k mCI j,ska jHdmdrslhkag tfiau wdOdr fok wdh;k j,ska wruqo,a /ialr .ekSu

78

i|yd l%shd;aul l, hq;=hX wruqo,a f.dv k.d .ekSuwruqo,a f.dv k.d .ekSuwruqo,a f.dv k.d .ekSuwruqo,a f.dv k.d .ekSu ^w;a m;%sld 2&^w;a m;%sld 2&^w;a m;%sld 2&^w;a m;%sld 2& jrA;udk foaYmd,kfha we;s ;r.ZldrS njg uqyqKoSug Pkao lghq;= ixjsOdkh l%shd;aul lsrSu i|yd;a tfiau” foaYmd,k jHdmdrfha oSrA> meje;au i|yd;a wruqo,la msysgqjd .ekSu wjYHhX foaYmd,k lghq;= j,g wj;SrAK jSug hEu iqoqiqlula ;snqKo uq,Huh Yla;sh fkdue;sjSfuka ldka;djka miq nisk wjia:d tughX ta i|yd wruqo,la msysgqjd .;yels udrA. kuz : 1X jHdmD;s jdrA;d ilia fldg wdOdr fok wdh;k j,g bosrsm;a fldg wruqo,a ,nd .ekSu’ ldka;d foaYmd,k iyNd.s;ajh m%jrAOkh i|yd jsfYaIfhka jk wdOdr fok wdh;k y|qkd .; hq;=hX Tjqka yd idlpzPd fldg ;rAldkql+,j jHdmD;s jdrA;d ilia l, hq;=hX fuu jHdmD;s j, f;audj ldka;d foaYmd,k iyNd.s;ajh jevslsrSu fukau iajhx /lshd” fi!LH yd fmdaIKh” m%cd fiajd jev igyka jsh yelshX 2X ixjsOdkhla jYfhka rcfha ixjrAOk l%shdoduhkag iuznkaOjSu i|yd .fuz wjYH;d y|qkdf.k wod, rdcH wdh;k j,g bosrsm;a lsrSuX oekg jdrAIsl whjefhka jsuOH.; wruqo,a yd fjk;a ixjrAOk jev i|yd ,efnk uqo,a jeh fkdjS wdmiq rdcH Ndrhg hk njg jsfjzpk t,a, jS we;X ;jo ,shdmosxps jQ ixjsOdk yryd fldka;%d;a ,ndf.k thska ,efnk ,dNho wruqo,a ;rlr .ekSu i|yd fhosh yelshX uyck iuznkaO;djhkao jrAOkh lr.; yelsfjzX fuu jdrA;d iudc fiajd fomdrA;fuzka;=fjz yd m%dfoaYSh f,aluz ldrAhd, j, ,shdmosxps lrk ,o ixjsOdk jSu iqoqiqhX 3X mqoa.,hskaf.a yd jHdmdrslhkaf.a odhl;ajh ta ta m%foaY j,ska ,nd.; yelshX fuz i|yd lreKq ;rAldkql+,j bosrsm;a fldg uyck iuznkaO;d” l=i,;d fydoska we;s wh jsiska wod, mqoa.,hska yd idlpzPd fldg flaj,a lsrSu wjYHhX Pkao jHdmdr osh;a lrk jljdkqj ;=, uqo,ska fkdue;sj \%jH j,ska wdOdr lrkakka isgSug mq:ZjkX 4X idudcsl wruqo,a 5X wruqo,a /ialsrSu i|yd jsfYaI jev igyka” fldvs oskhla” f,d;/hs” ldvz j, fldgq lemSuz wdosh WodyrKhsX 6X mCI j, wruqo,a

79

9999 fjks ieisjdrhfjks ieisjdrhfjks ieisjdrhfjks ieisjdrh wruqo,a iuzmdokh wruqo,a iuzmdokh wruqo,a iuzmdokh wruqo,a iuzmdokh wruqK wruqK wruqK wruqK 1X foaYmd,k jHdmdrhg1X foaYmd,k jHdmdrhg1X foaYmd,k jHdmdrhg1X foaYmd,k jHdmdrhg wjYH wruqo,a iuzmdokh lr.; yels udrA. ms<sn|jwjYH wruqo,a iuzmdokh lr.; yels udrA. ms<sn|jwjYH wruqo,a iuzmdokh lr.; yels udrA. ms<sn|jwjYH wruqo,a iuzmdokh lr.; yels udrA. ms<sn|j oekqu ,ndoSuX oekqu ,ndoSuX oekqu ,ndoSuX oekqu ,ndoSuX 11X wruqo,a iuzmdokh i|yd jHdmD;s fhdackdjla ilia lr .kafka flfia hkak11X wruqo,a iuzmdokh i|yd jHdmD;s fhdackdjla ilia lr .kafka flfia hkak11X wruqo,a iuzmdokh i|yd jHdmD;s fhdackdjla ilia lr .kafka flfia hkak11X wruqo,a iuzmdokh i|yd jHdmD;s fhdackdjla ilia lr .kafka flfia hkak ms<sn|j oekqu ,ndoSuX ms<sn|j oekqu ,ndoSuX ms<sn|j oekqu ,ndoSuX ms<sn|j oekqu ,ndoSuX wka;rA.;hka wka;rA.;hka wka;rA.;hka wka;rA.;hka 1X wruqo,a uqo,a imhd .;yels udrA.

• rcfha wruqo,a ,nd .ekSu i|yd wjYH;d y|qkd .ekSuX • rch jsiska fokq ,nk jsjsO wruqo,a • jHdmD;s fhdackdjla ilia lr .kafka flfiao hkak ms<sn|j wjfndaOhla

,ndoSuX ld,h ld,h ld,h ld,h ---- meh 3 hs l%uh l%uh l%uh l%uh ---- foaYk” nqoaOs l,uznkh” lKavdhuz idlpzPd wjYHfoa wjYHfoa wjYHfoa wjYHfoa ---- *a,sma pdrAg”z udrAlrA mEka weuqkquweuqkquweuqkquweuqkquzz zz w;a m;%sld 1 - rcfha uqo,a ,nd .ekSu i|yd wjYH;d y|qkd .ekSu w;a m;%sld 2 - wruqo,a fidhd .;yels udrA. w;a m;%sld 3 - jHdmD;s fhdackdjla ilia lr .ekSuX u.ZfmkajSu u.ZfmkajSu u.ZfmkajSu u.ZfmkajSu

• wruqo,a imhd .;yels udrA. ^nqoaOs l,uznkh&jskdvs 15 • wruqo,a imhd .;yels udrA. ms<sn|j ^bosrsm;a lsrSu& jskdvs 15 • wruqo,a ,nd.ekSu i|yd wod, wdh;k yd uq,dY% ms<sn|j f;dr;=re /ia lsrSuX

^nqoaOs l,uznkh& jskdvs 30 • jHdmD;s fhdackdjla ilia lsrSu ^bosrsm;a lsrSu& jskdvs 45 • jHdmD;s fhdackdjla ilia lsrSu yd bosrsm;a lsrSu ^lKavdhuz l%shdldrluz &

meh 1 jskdvs 15 rcfha urcfha urcfha urcfha uqo,a ,nd .ekSu i|yd wjYH;d y|qkd .ekSuqo,a ,nd .ekSu i|yd wjYH;d y|qkd .ekSuqo,a ,nd .ekSu i|yd wjYH;d y|qkd .ekSuqo,a ,nd .ekSu i|yd wjYH;d y|qkd .ekSu ^w;a m;%sld 1^w;a m;%sld 1^w;a m;%sld 1^w;a m;%sld 1&&&& 1X rcfha uqo,a ,nd .ekSu ms<sn|j l%shd lsrSug fmr Tn m%foaYfha hgs;, myiqluz” ixjrAOk lghq;= yd iudc fiajd lghq;= j, ksr;jk wdh;k y|qkd.kakX

80

• hgs;, myiqluz - c, iuzmdokh” jsoq,sh” uydudrA.” ikaksfjzok” jdrs udrA. wdoshX

• ixjrAOkh - /lshd wjia:d” oqmam;alu wju lsrSfuz jev igyka” iuDoaOs iajhx/lshd’ lDIslrAu jev igyka” mrsir

• iudc fiajd lghq;= - <ud yd jevsysgs wh i|yd fiajd myiqluz” wdndOs; wdoshX

2X tu wdh;k j, we;s jev igyka ljfrAoehs wOHhkh lrkakX Wod : c, iuzmdokh” c,iuzmdokh i|yd jk m%cd uQ,sl ixjsOdk m%dfoaYSh iNd - mrsir ixrCIK jev igyka “ .u ke.=u” iuDoaOs 3X tu jev igyka l%shd;aul jk wdldrh

• m%cd uQ,sl ixjsOdk yryd • m%dfoaYSh f,aluz ldrAhd,h • m,d;amd,k wdh;k yryd wdoshX

4X wruqo,a ,efnk wdldrh

• jsuOH.; whjeh • fomdrA;fuzka;= j,ska fjkalr we;s m%;smdok • jsfYaI jHdmD;s ^wdOdr fok wdh;k j,ska& • m%dfoaYSh iNd • m<d;a iNd

5X fuu jev igyka j,ska ldka;djkg ,enS we;s m%;s,dN i. iyNd.s;ajh iiX m%;s,dNSka jYfhka iiiX fiajsldjka$l<ukdldrskshka jYfhka l%shd lsrSuX 6X fuu wruqo,a fldf;la oqrg ldka;djkaf.a ixjrAOkh i|yd jeh flfrAo@ Tjqkaf.a wjYH;d flf;la oqrg bIag jS weoaoX fuu lreKq jsYaf,aIKh lsrSula wjYHhX tjsg Tng ldka;djkaf.a iyNd.s;ajh Tjqkaf.a wjYH;djhka u; jevigyka l%shd;aul jkafka oehs lshd mrSCId lr ne,sh yelshX 7X tu jsYaf,aIKfhka miq Tng ldka;djkaf.a bgqjS ke;s wjYH;d .eg:Z y|qkd.; yelshX 8X Tn ksfhdackh lrk ixjsOdk yryd tu .eg:Z .ek l;d lrkakX m%foaYfha wjYH;d ms<sn|j idudcsldjkaf.a woyia ,nd .kakX ta ms<sn|j f;dr;=re /iafldg ie,iquz ilia lr.kakX m%dfoaYSh f,aluz ldrAhd,fha” m%dfoaYSh iNdfjz” m<d;a iNdj jeks wdh;k j,g bosrsm;a lrkakX tfiau fuz ms<sn|j m<d;a iNd” m%dfoaYSh iNd mdrA,sfuzka;= uka;%Ska uqK .eiS idlpzPd lrkakX wruqo,a fidhd .;yels udrA. ^w;a m;%sld wruqo,a fidhd .;yels udrA. ^w;a m;%sld wruqo,a fidhd .;yels udrA. ^w;a m;%sld wruqo,a fidhd .;yels udrA. ^w;a m;%sld 2&2&2&2& cd;sl rdcH iNdfjz 1974 wxl 16 orK m,d;a md,k fiajd mkf;a 13 fjks msgqfjys

81

(xxii) m%dfoaYSh iNd wruqo,ska lsishuz fldgila .eus ldka;d ixjrAOk lghq;= kxjd,Su i|yd;a f;dard .;a .uzj, taldnoaO ixjrAOk iy m%cd ixjrAOk jHdmD;s kxjd,Su i|yd;a” .%du ixjrAOk jHdmD;s j,go .%dfudaoh uKav, j, ksfhdackh lrkq ,enSug iqoqiqluz ,;a .%du ixjrAOk ixjsOdk j,go uqo,a m%odkh lsrSu i|yd;a jshouz lsrSuX m%dfoaYSh iNd mk;ska ldka;d ixfjzoS whjeh fjka l, hq;=j ;sfnk kuq;a m%dfoaYSh iNd whjefhys ta i|yd uqo,a ixps;hla fjka lr fkdue;X m%dfoaYSh iNd iNdm;Ska yd ck;d ksfhdacs; uy;=ka iu.Z fudKrd., osia;%slalfhaoS mj;ajk ,o idlpzPd j,oS ldka;djkaf.a wjYH;d i|yd uqo,a fjka lsrSug wjYH fhdackd bosrsm;a lsrSu uqo,a jrAIhlg fmr hjk f,i oekqj;a lr we;X ia;%S whjefhys wruqKq 1X wdKavqfjz $ m,d;a md,k wdh;kfha m%;sm;a;s m%ldYk j, uqo,a fjka lsrSu yd whjeh ilia lsrSfuzoS ia;%S mqreI wiudk;djhka ke;s lsrSuX 2X whjehlrKfhaoS tu ldrKd w;r iuznkaOSlrKhla we;s lsrSuX 3X iudcfha ish,qu m%;s,dNSka whjehlrKfha mx.=lreja lrjSuX 4X rfgz iuzm;a iy uqo,a M,odhs f,i fhojSu i|yd jk fuj,ula f,i ilia lsrSuX 5X iyNd.s;aj l%shdj,shla u.ska whjeh m%;sksrAudKh lsrSu yryd ck;djf.a whs;sjdisluz iy iqN isoaOsh iy;sl lsrSug wkqn,hla iemhSuX ldka;d whjeh u.ska whjeh l%shdj,sh ck;d ixfjzoS ir, l%shdj,shla njg m;a lrk w;r ta i|yd uyck iyNd.s;ajhg u. mdohsX WodyrK :-

.rANKS ujzjreka fjkqfjka fmdaIK jev ms<sfj,la osh;a lsrSuX ldka;djka fjkqfjka iajhx /lshd jHdmD;shla osh;a lsrSuX mjq,a tallhg n,mdk n\q m%;sm;a;s

fj<|fmd, ldka;d odhl;ajh

ueo fmros. ksoyia fj<| l,dmh j;=lrh

fuu ia;%Ska wdrA:slhg ,ndfok uqo, fldmuKo @ tu uqo, jeh f,aLkh ;=, igyka jkafka fld;eko @ l=uk jsIhka i|yd fuu wdodhu jeh lrkafka o @ fuu wdodhfuka ia;%Skaf.a iqN idOkh iy wdrCIdj i|yd fjka jk fyda

fhofjk m%udKh fldmuK o @ m%dfoaYSh iNd - m,d;a iNd yd mdrA,sfuzka;= ;=, fjka lsrSfuzoS ldka;djka i|yd wju m%;sY;hla olakg we;X

82

jHdmD;s fhdackdjla ilia lsrSuX ^w;a m;%sld 3&jHdmD;s fhdackdjla ilia lsrSuX ^w;a m;%sld 3&jHdmD;s fhdackdjla ilia lsrSuX ^w;a m;%sld 3&jHdmD;s fhdackdjla ilia lsrSuX ^w;a m;%sld 3& wruqo,a ,nd .ekSu i|yd jHdmD;s fhdackd ilia lrkq ,efnzX rdcH wdh;k yd rdcH fkdjk wdh;k fuu jHdmD;s ilia lrhsX jHdmD;s ilialr bosrsm;a lrkq ,nkafka fndfyda jsg jsfoaY wdOdr fok wdh;k j,ghX jHdmD;s ilia lsrSu wod, jsia;r bosrsm;a lrk lreK Tiafia ilia l< hq;=hX jHdmD;shl ;snsh hq;= wx. jkafka 1X jsOdhl idrdxYh 2X jHdmD;sfha wjYH;djh 3X jHdmD;sh l%shd;aul lrk wdldrh 4X jHdmD;sfha uq,H jsia;rh 5X wod, ixjsOdkfha f;dr;=re jsOdhl idrdxYh jsOdhl idrdxYh jsOdhl idrdxYh jsOdhl idrdxYh fuu jHdmD;sfha jeo.;alu .eg:Zj f;dr;=re /ial, wdldrh” jHdmD;sfha wjYH;djh yeu me;slvlskau we;=:Z jQ idrdxY .; m%ldYhlsX jHdmD;sfha wjYjHdmD;sfha wjYjHdmD;sfha wjYjHdmD;sfha wjYH;djhH;djhH;djhH;djh wjYH;djh ms<sn|j i|yka lsrSfuka” Tnf.a jHdmD;sh u.ska ksrdlrKh flfrk .eg:Zj f;areuz hk mrsos jsia;r jsh hq;=hX wjYH;djh ;yjqre flfrk f;dr;=re tys we;=,;ajsh hq;=hX th iuSCIKhlska fyda w;aoelSuz j,ska ,nd .kakd f;dr;=re jsh yelshX tu lreKq ;rAldkQl+, fm<.iajd bosrsm;a l< hq;=fjzX tfia lsrSfuzoS

• jHdmD;shg wod, f;dr;=re ksjeros jsh hq;=hX h,amek .sh lreKq fyda jeros lreKq bosrsm;a fkdl< hq;=hX

• wjYH;djh m%n,j bosrsm;a l<hq;=hX • Tnf.a jHdmD;sh wdorAY jev igykla fia bosrsm;a lsrSugo mq:ZjkX tfy;a

wdorAYhla jYfhka bosrsm;a lsrSu m%;sM,odhl jkafka we;euz jHdmD;s i|yd muKlsX

• Tnf.a fhdackdj fiiq tajdg jvd fjk;a wdldrhlska fyda Bg jvd fyd| wdldrhlska weu;sh hq;=hX tfy;a fjk;a wdh;k iu.Z tu .eg:Zjg wod,j l%shd lrk wdh;k iu.Z iyfhda.fhka l%shd lrk nj;a wod, jHdmD;sh tu jHdmD;s j,g w;sfrAlhla nj;a meyeos,s jsh hq;=hX

• je,ajgdruz ;rAl bosrsm;a fkdlsrSu” wjYH;djh ms<sn| f;dr;=re flgs jsh hq;= w;r lshjkakdf.a wjOdkh .%yKh lr .ekSug iu;a jsh hq;=hX

jHdmD;s jsia;rh jHdmD;s jsia;rh jHdmD;s jsia;rh jHdmD;s jsia;rh fuu fldgi” fldgia 5 lska iukajs; fjzX

• wruqK • l%ufjzoh • mrsmd,kh • we.hSu • ;sridrnj

wruqK wruqK wruqK wruqK wruqK hkafkka oelafjkafka fuu jHdmD;sh ueksh yels m%;sM,hX Tnf.a wruqK h:drA:jdoS jsh hq;=hX kshu jYfhka oelsh yels tajd jsh hq;=hX meyeos,s tajd jsh

83

hq;=hX tfukau tajd ksYaps; ld, mrspzfPaohla ;=, ,.Zd fldg .;yels tajd jsh hq;=hX l%ufjzohl%ufjzohl%ufjzohl%ufjzoh l%ufjzofhka flfrkafka wruqK oskd .ekSu msKsi isoq flfrk ksYaps; l%shdldrluz y|qkajdoSuhsX fuz hgf;a” jHdmD;sh isoq lrkafka flfiao@ ljodo@ ula ksido hkak we;=,a jsh hq;=hX fuhska flfrkafka jHdmD;sh mgka .;a ;ek mgka iuzmQrAK lrkf;la isoqjsh yelsfoa ms<sn|j jsia;rhla iemhSuhsX ljodo@ljodo@ljodo@ljodo@ ta ta l%shdj,sh i|yd wjYH ld,h;a” ta lghq;= j, wkqms<sfj,;a bosrsm;a l<hq;= fjzX ta i|yd ld, igykla iuzmdokh lsrSu m%fhdackj;ahX ula ksido@ ula ksido@ ula ksido@ ula ksido@ jHdmD;sh jsiska f;dard .kakd ,o l%u ksjerosoehs fuz hgf;a fmkajsh yelshX jHdmD;sh ms<sn|j wdh;kh yrsyegs okakd nj;a ta wkqj” wdh;kfha jsYajdijka; Ndjh” ;yjqre jk njg fuz hgf;a ;yjqre flfrAX mrsmd,kh mrsmd,kh mrsmd,kh mrsmd,kh jHdmD;sfha mrsmd,kh ms<sn| ie,eiauhsX jHdmD;sh l%shd;aul lsrSug wjYH fiajlhka ms<sn| jsia;r” ;k;=re” iqoqiqluz fuz hgf;a” fiajlhka” WmfoaYlhka yd jegqma ,nk fiajlhska oelajsh yelshX tfiau jHdmD;sfha uQ,H mrsmd,kh jHdmD;sfha m%;sM, yd jdrA;dlrKh i|yd j.lsj hq;a;ka ljqoehs lshd meyeos,s f,i oelajsh hq;=hX we.hSu we.hSu we.hSu we.hSu we.hSfuz ie,ieiaula jHdmD;s jdrA;dfjz wka;rA.; l,hq;= fjzX fuu we.hSu mrsmd,k fuj,ulsX ;sridrNdjh ;sridrNdjh ;sridrNdjh ;sridrNdjh fuz hgf;a” fuu jHdmD;sfha oSrA> ld,Skj uqo,a fhojSfuz ia:djrNdjh yd ixjsOdkfha ia:djrNdjhhsX ixjsOdkfha oekg mj;akd iy wruqo,a iuzmdok udrA. .ek meyeos,s f,i lreKq bosrsm;a l, hq;=hX th Wmhd .;a uqo,a jsh yelshX wruqo,a jsh yelshX whjeh whjeh whjeh whjeh jHdmD;s fhdackdfjz whjeh f,aLKhla we;=:Z l,hq;=hX whjeh f,aLKh ilia lsrSfuzoS mqoa.,hska i|yd iy mqoa.,hska fkdjk wxY j,g wod, foaj,a ms<sn|j f,aLKhla ilia l, hq;=hX jHdmD;shg wdOdr ,enqfkd;a orkakg isoqjk w,q;a jshouz ish,a, i|yd muKla fkdj jHdmD;shg fjka flfrk foa i|yd jehjk w;HjYH jshouz i|yd;a f,aLKhla ilia l, hq;=hX wod, wdh;kfha .KldOsldrSf.a iydh ,ndf.k ta i|yd jk jshouz f,aLKhla ilialr .ekSu wjYHhX msrsia i|yd jk jshouz f,aLKfha jegqma” m%;s,dN we;=,a l, hq;=hX msrsia fkdjk fldgfia .uka nsuka” WmlrK” uq\%K lghq;= wdosh oeush yelshX iEu jHdmD;s l%shdldrlula i|ydu weia;fuzka;= l, hq;=hX whjeh igyka j,oS jshouz iuznkaOfhka idOrKShlrKh lsrSug wdh;khg yelshdj ;snsh hq;=hX jshyshouz b;d meyeos,s tajd kuz whjeh ms<sn|j m%ldYkhla bosrsm;a lsrSu wjYH fkdfjzX jsia;r lsrSu wjYH hhs is;k jsgl tla tla jshouz ms<sn|j fjku jsia;rhla iemhsh yelshX

84

ixjsOdkh ms<sn| f;dr;=re ixjsOdkh ms<sn| f;dr;=re ixjsOdkh ms<sn| f;dr;=re ixjsOdkh ms<sn| f;dr;=re jHdmD;s jdrA;dj w.oS ixjsOdkh ms<sn|j jsia;rhla we;=,;a lsrSu iqoqiqhX ixjsOdkh wdruzN jQ ld,h;a tys mrudrA:” ixjsOdk jHqyh jsfYaI;d lafIa;% msgq follska fyda Bg wvq m%udKhlska” m%ldY l< yelsfjzX jHdmD;s fhdackdfjz wka;rA.;h mrudrA: yd iu.Z .e,fmk wdldrh jsia;r l,hq;= fjzX wOHCIl uKav,h tys jHqyh jsfYaI;djhka yd tys idlpzPdjka ms<sn|jo i|yka l< hq;=hX ;jo ixjsOdkfha ks,OdrS uKav,h .eko jsia;r we;=,;a lsrSu iqoqiqhX Tjqkaf.a ldrAhhkao jsia;r lsrSu wjYHhX ixjsOdkfha .%dyl msrsi” Tjqkaf.a wjYH;d imhk fiajdjka i|yd;a l< hq;=hX fuz ish:Z f;dr;=re iu.Z ixjsOdkfha jsfYaI;djho fmkajSu jeo.;a jkafka th jHdmD;s f;audjg fldf;la oqrg wod, jkafka oehs fmkajSu i|ydhX ksudj ksudj ksudj ksudj yeu jHdmD;s fhdackdjlau ksudj olajkakg fPaohla fyda folla ;snsh hq;=hX jHdmD;sfha jsia;r kej; iefljska oelajSu yd tys jeo.;alu kej; biau;= lsrSu jeo.;ahX

5555 fjks oskhfjks oskhfjks oskhfjks oskh

10101010 fjks ieisjdrhfjks ieisjdrhfjks ieisjdrhfjks ieisjdrh iNd. .;jSu yd ciNd. .;jSu yd ciNd. .;jSu yd ciNd. .;jSu yd cd,d,d,d,.;.;.;.; jSujSujSujSu wruqK wruqK wruqK wruqK iNd.;jSu yd cd, .;jSuz lrkafka flfiao@ iNd.;jSu yd cd, .;jSuz lrkafka flfiao@ iNd.;jSu yd cd, .;jSuz lrkafka flfiao@ iNd.;jSu yd cd, .;jSuz lrkafka flfiao@ thska ,efnk jdis fudkjdoehs ms<sn|j oekqj;a njla ,ndoSu yd ta i|yd wjYH thska ,efnk jdis fudkjdoehs ms<sn|j oekqj;a njla ,ndoSu yd ta i|yd wjYH thska ,efnk jdis fudkjdoehs ms<sn|j oekqj;a njla ,ndoSu yd ta i|yd wjYH thska ,efnk jdis fudkjdoehs ms<sn|j oekqj;a njla ,ndoSu yd ta i|yd wjYH l=i,;d l=i,;d l=i,;d l=i,;d jrAOkh jrAOkh jrAOkh jrAOkh lsrSuX lsrSuX lsrSuX lsrSuX wka;rA.;hkawka;rA.;hkawka;rA.;hkawka;rA.;hka ^fojk oskfha ;=kajk ieisjdrfhaoS fuz ms<sn|j lrk ,o bosrsm;a lsrSuz ms<sn|j u;la lroSula&

• cd,.; jSfuz wjYH;djh • th isoq lrkafka flfiao@

ld,h ld,h ld,h ld,h ---- meh 1 jskdvs 30 l%uh l%uh l%uh l%uh ---- foaYk” nqoaOs l,uznkh yd bosrsm;a lsrSu” lKavdhuz l%shdldrluz wjYHfoawjYHfoawjYHfoawjYHfoa ---- *a,sma pdrAgz’ udrAlrA mEka weuqkquweuqkquweuqkquweuqkquzz zz w;a m;%sld 1 - iNd.hla msysgqjSu ^ frdngz l+Isx uy;df.a igykg wjOdkh fhduq lrkakX& w;a m;%sld 2 - cd,.; jSu

85

u. fmkajSu u. fmkajSu u. fmkajSu u. fmkajSu

• iNd.hla f.dv ke.Su yd cd,.;jSfuz wjYH;djh ^nqoaOs l,uznkh& jskdvs 15

• cd,hla f.dv k.kafka flfiao@ ^bosrsm;a lsrSu& jskdvs 30 • osia;%slalfha cd,hla f.dv k.kafka flfiao@ ^l%shdldrlu& jskdvs 45

cd,.;jSucd,.;jSucd,.;jSucd,.;jSu ^w;a m;%sld 2&^w;a m;%sld 2&^w;a m;%sld 2&^w;a m;%sld 2& rdcH fkdjk ixjsOdk j, b;d jeo.;a lghq;a;la jkafka cd, .;jSuhsX cd,.;jSu fmdoq lreKla i|yd iudkj is;k mqoa.,hska yd wdh;k iu.Z tlaj jev lsrSu;a Wmdh udrA.sl iuznkaO;d f.dvke.Su;ahX cd,.;jSu ixl,am 2 la u; mokuz fjzX wfkHdakH wjYH;djh yd wfkHdakH iyfhda.hhsX f;dr;=re fnod yerSu” iNd. msysgqjSu” fmdoq Wmdh udrA. ilia lsrSu” cd, f.dv ke.Sfuz jdiscd, f.dv ke.Sfuz jdiscd, f.dv ke.Sfuz jdiscd, f.dv ke.Sfuz jdis 1X cd, f.dvke.Sfuka jsjsO lafIa;% j, jsoaj;=ka iu.Z wfkHdakH l%shdj,shla f.dvke.Sug;a rdcH fkdjk ixjsOdk iy uyckhd iu.Z woyia yqjudre lr .ekSug;a WmldrSfjzX 2X fmdoq wruqKla i|yd l%shdl< yelsfjzX 3X mqyqKqj yryd m%cd ixjsOdk j, yd m%dfoaYSh rdcH fkdjk ixjsOdk j, l=i,;d jrAOkh fjzX 4X wdh;ksl Yla;Ska jrAOkh fjzX

5X rdcH wdh;k yd iuznkaO;d f.dvkef.aZX

6X ia;%S mqreI iudcNdjh uq,m%jdy lsrSu yd tu m%h;akhkays idrA:l;ajh we;slr .ekSu i|yd WmldrSfjzX 7X fyd| w;aoelSuz yd fhda.H l%shdudrA. yqjudre lr .ekSug wjia:dj ie,fiaX

8 cd;sl yd cd;Hka;r ugzgug jeo.;a jk lreKq ms<sn|j m%;sm;a;s iuzmdolhskg yd udOHlrejkg woyia bosrsm;a lsrSug wjia:dj ie,fiaX cd, f.dv ke.SSu lrkq ,nkafka rdcH fkdjk ixjsOdk” m%cd ixjrAOk yd isjs,a iudc lKavdhuz iu.ZhX th m%cd ugzgfuz osia;%sla cd;sl yd cd;Hka;r ugzguz olajd jsysfoaX rdcH fkdjk ixjsOdk m%cdj fj; wj;SrAK jkafka m%cd ixjsOdk yrydhX Tjqka i|yd l=i,;d jrAOk jev igyka osh;a lrhsX ;jo m%cd uQ, ixjsOdk ;=,ska ia;%S mqreI iudcNdjh” ysxikh” udkj whs;sjdisluz wdos jsIhhka ms<sn|j m%cdj oekqj;a lsrSu” i|yd wjYH uq,H yd ;dCIKsl iuzm;a ,ndfoaX Y%S ,xldY%S ,xldY%S ,xldY%S ,xldfjz ;;ajh fjz ;;ajh fjz ;;ajh fjz ;;ajh Y%S ,xldfjz ldka;d ixjsOdk jsjsO wjia:d j, cd, f.dv k.Zd .ekSug W;aiyhla oerejo ia:djr tluq;=jla f.dvke.S ke;X tfy;a we;euz .eg:Z ms<sn|j Tjqka tluq;=j l%shd lrhsX tajd kuz m%cd ugzgfuz ius;s” ldka;d ius;s l%shdldrskshka yd W.;a ldka;d msrsi tl;= jS lrk WoafoaIKhhsX WodyrK f,i ldka;d m%ckav;ajh” foaYmd,kfha ldka;d iyNd.s;ajh jrAOkh lsrSu wdoshhsX

86

ldka;d lKavdhuz taldnoaOj m,d;a md,k wdh;k” m,d;a iNd yd mdrA,sfuzka;=fjz ldka;d ksfhdackh jevs lsrSu i|yd 30% mx.= l%uhla b,a,d isgsk ,osX ta i|yd udOH m%pdr” /iajSuz” idlpzPd” /,s meje;ajshX tfiau ldka;d ue;sjrK m%;sm;a;s m%ldYhlao ksl=;a lrk ,osX mdrA,sfuzka;= Pkao m%;sixialrK lusgqjg jsjsO ldka;d lKavdhuz taldnoaOj yd ;ks ;ksjo lreKq bosrsm;a lrk ,osX ldka;djkg tfrys ysxikh ldka;djkg tfrys ysxikh ldka;djkg tfrys ysxikh ldka;djkg tfrys ysxikh rdcH fkdjk ixjsOdk j, n,mEuz lrk idrA:l jQ wjia:djla f,i ldka;djkg tfrys ysxikh oelajsh yelshX rdcH fkdjk ixjsOdk taldnoaOj .Dyia: ysxik mk; mdrA,sfuzka;=fjz iuzu; lr .ekSu i|yd” jsYd, Woaf>daIKhla f.k hk ,osX ish,q mdrA,sfuzka;= uka;%Sjrekg tu mk;g mCIj Pkaoh fok f,ig ,sms u.ska mqoa.,sl oek ye|qkquzluz u.ska n,mEuz lrk ,osX tu n,mEuz idrA:l jshX rdcH yd rdcH fkdjk ixjsOdko cd,.; jS jeo.;a lghq;= lSmhlau lrk ,osX ldka;d m%ma;sh ilia lsrSu” cd;sl l%shdldrS ie,eiau ilia lsrSuX ldka;d whs;sjdisluz mk; flgquzm;a lsrSu fuz w;r jeo.;afjzX wNsfhda. wNsfhda. wNsfhda. wNsfhda.

1X rdcH fkdjk ixjsOdk oqmam;alu wju lsrSu .ek lemS fmfkk f,i l%shd fkdlrhsX tfy;a .uz ugzgfuz idrA:l m%cd Kh l%u wdruzN lr we;X tajd taldnoaO lsrSfuz wjYH;djh u;=jS we;X 2X ldka;d ixjsOdk Tjqkgu wdfjzKsl jQ kHdhhka wkq.ukh lrhsX fuz ksid huz .eg,qjla Tiafia os.gu cd,.;j lghq;= lsrSu w;ska oqrAj, jS we;X 3X ldka;d l%shdldrskshkaf.a ixLHdj iSus;hX fndfyda jsg th w.kqjrg iSudjS we;X WoafoaIK jHdmdr j,g iyNd.Sjkafka tlu msrsiahX 4X m%cd ugzgfuz ldka;djka uqyqKmdk .eg:Z ms<sn|j uSg jvd wjOdkh fhduqjsh hq;=hX bvuz whs;sh wjsOsu;a wxYfha wvq jegqma”

11111111 fjks ieisjdrhfjks ieisjdrhfjks ieisjdrhfjks ieisjdrh

l%shdldrS ie,eiaula f.dv ke.Sul%shdldrS ie,eiaula f.dv ke.Sul%shdldrS ie,eiaula f.dv ke.Sul%shdldrS ie,eiaula f.dv ke.Su wruqK wruqK wruqK wruqK ish,qu foaYmd,k uKav, j, ldka;d ksfhdackh jevs lsrSu” jsfYaIfhka m%dfoaYSh ish,qu foaYmd,k uKav, j, ldka;d ksfhdackh jevs lsrSu” jsfYaIfhka m%dfoaYSh ish,qu foaYmd,k uKav, j, ldka;d ksfhdackh jevs lsrSu” jsfYaIfhka m%dfoaYSh ish,qu foaYmd,k uKav, j, ldka;d ksfhdackh jevs lsrSu” jsfYaIfhka m%dfoaYSh iNd flfrA wjOdkh fhduq lsrSu i|yd fojriNd flfrA wjOdkh fhduq lsrSu i|yd fojriNd flfrA wjOdkh fhduq lsrSu i|yd fojriNd flfrA wjOdkh fhduq lsrSu i|yd fojrAIhl jev igykla ms<sfh, lsrSuX AIhl jev igykla ms<sfh, lsrSuX AIhl jev igykla ms<sfh, lsrSuX AIhl jev igykla ms<sfh, lsrSuX wka;rA.;hwka;rA.;hwka;rA.;hwka;rA.;h

• tjeks jev igykl wruqK jsh hq;af;a l=ulao@ • ta i|yd jk l%shdldrluz” y|qkd .ekSu • l%shdldrS ie,eiafuz rduqj

ld,h ld,h ld,h ld,h ---- meh 3 hs l%uh l%uh l%uh l%uh ---- foaYk” nqoaOs l,uznkh yd bosrsm;a lsrSu” lKavdhuz l%shdldrluz wjYHfoawjYHfoawjYHfoawjYHfoa ---- *a,sma pdrAgz’ udrAlrA mEka

87

weuqkquweuqkquweuqkquweuqkquzz zz w;a m;%sld 1 - wkd.; l%shdldrS ie,eiaula ilia lr .ekSuX u. fmkajSuu. fmkajSuu. fmkajSuu. fmkajSu

• bosrsm;a lsrSula - meh 1hs • ie,iqula ilia lsrSu ^lKavdhuz l%shdldrluz& meh 1hs • lKavdhuz bosrsm;a lsrSuz yd idlpzPd - meh 1hs

wkd.; l%shdldrS ie,eiaula wkd.; l%shdldrS ie,eiaula wkd.; l%shdldrS ie,eiaula wkd.; l%shdldrS ie,eiaula ilia lr .ekSuX ilia lr .ekSuX ilia lr .ekSuX ilia lr .ekSuX ^w;a m;%sld 01&^w;a m;%sld 01&^w;a m;%sld 01&^w;a m;%sld 01& huz wruqKla bIag lr .ekSu i|yd ld, iSudjla ;=,oS isoq flfrk l%shdj,sh” l%shdldrS ie,eiaug wvx.= fjzX th wruqKq idCId;a lr.ekSu i|yd jk u.Z fmkajSulsX tfiau m%uqL;djhka ms<sn|j ;SrK .ekSugo bjy,a fjzX th l%uj;aj mj;ajd f.k hEug WmldrS jkjd fukau ie,iqu l%shd;aul lsrSug wjYH uqo,a fidhd .ekSugo th myiq fjzX ie,eiau ilia fldg l%shd;aul lsrSu tu lrA;jH ms<sn|j jk lemjSuo m%lg lrhsX wm fuysoS ie,eiaula ilia lrkafka 2009-2010 flgs ld, iSudj ;=,oS m%dfoaYSh iNdj, ldka;djka m;alr .ekSu i|yd jk wruqK bIag lr .ekSu i|ydhX ie,eiau ilia lsrSug fmr .eg:Zj y|qkd .;hq;=hX ^w& fuysoS .eg:Zj jkafka m%dfoaYSh iNdj, ldka;djkaf.a ksfhdackh b;d wju jSuhsX ^wd& wruqK : bosrs fojir ;=,oS hg;a msrsfika m%dfoaYSh iNdj, ldka;djkaf.a iyNd.s;ajh 15%lska jevs lsrSuhX ^we& Wmdh udrA. - tu mrudrA: idOkh i|yd wfma Wmdh udrA. fuys i|yka l, hq;=hX WodyrK kuz : iX oekqj;a nj we;s lsrSu iiX mqyqKqj iiiXfoaYmd,k mCI iu.Z WoafoaYK jHdmdr mj;ajd f.k hduX iv. ldka;d kdhsldjka m%cd lghq;= j, iyNd.s;ajh Wmrsu lsrSuX v. ixjsOdk .;jSuX vi. wruqo,a fidhd .ekSuX vii. udOH Wmfhda.s lr .ekSuX viii. cd,.;jSuX xi. f;dr;=re /ialsrSuX ^wE& l%shdldrluz 1X

• oekqj;a nj we;s lrk lKavdhuz y|qkd .ekSuX • oekqj;a nj we;s lrk jev igyka • udOH yryd oekqj;a nj we;s flfrk l%shdldrluzX

iiX mqyqKqj

• mqyqKq lKavdhuz y|qkd .ekSuX • mqyqKq jev igyka jsjsO lKavdhuz i|yd osh;a lsrSuX

88

iiiX foaYmd,k mCI iu.Z WoafoaYK jHdmdr meje;ajSuX • mCI ixjsOdhlhska uqK .eiSuX • ixfoaY ilialr bosrsm;a lsrSuX • foaYmd,k mqyqKqj ,enQ whf.a ,ehsia;= ilialr bosrsm;a lsrSuX • ta i|yd udOH jev igyka meje;ajSuX

iv. ldka;d kdhsldjka m%cd lghq;= j, iyNd.s;ajh Wmrsu lsrSuX • fmdoq jev j,g iyNd.S jSuX • ius;s” /iajSuz j,oS ldka;djka fjkqfjka fmkS isgSuX • u.=,a” urK wdoS lghq;= j,g iyNd.SjSuX • .fuz wjYH;djka y|qkd f.k wod, wdh;k j,g lreKq bosrsm;a lsrSuX

v. ixjsOdk .;jSuX

• lKavdhuz f.dv ke.SuX • ;sria iy isria ixjsOdk iu.Z iuznkaO;d jevs oshqKq lr .ekSuX

vi. wruqo,a fidhd .ekSuX • m%foaYfha Okj;=kaf.a $ jHdmdrslhkaf.ka • Odkm;shkaf.ka • jHdmD;s ilialr wdOdr fok wdh;k j,g fhduq lsrSfuka • rcfha wruqo,a fmdoq jev i|yd ,nd .ekSfuka

vii. udOHh Wmfhda.s lr .ekSuX • udOH lrejka y|qkd .ekSu • mKsjsv ilialr bosrsm;a lsrSuX • w;am;%sld” nekrA wdosh mdjspsps lsrSuX

viii. cd,.;jSuX • foaYmd,k mCI iu.Z • wfkl=;a ldka;d ius;s iu.Z” m%foaYfha yd osia;%slalfha

xi. f;dr;=re /ialsrSuX

• m%dfoaYSh f,aluz fldgzGdY ugzguska osia;%sla iudc wdrA:sl o;a; tl;= lsrSuX • jsjsO wdh;k j, ;SrK .kakd ugzguz j, isgsk ldka;djkaf.a o;a; ,nd

.ekSuX • m%foaYfha iuzm;a • uOHu rcfha $m,d;a iNd$ m%dfoaYSh iNdj, jdrAIsl igyka fld;ruz oqrg

ldka;djkaf.a wjYH;djhka bgqfjzo wruqo,a fjkalr oS weoao ms<sn|j f;dr;=re tl;= lsrSu

^b& wfma b,lal lKavdhuz ljqrekaoehs lshd wm y|qkd.; hq;=hX

• ldka;d kdhsldjka • m%cd lKavdhuz m%dfoaYSh foaYmd,khska • m%dfoaYSh iNd uka;%Ska • ;reK msrsia • iuDoaOs ,dNSka

^B&X j.lSu

89

tu l%shdldrluz l%shd;aul lsrSu i|yd j.lSuz orkafka ljqo@ lshd ie,eiafuz i|yka jsh hq;=hX WodyrK-

• ldka;d kdhsldjka • m%dfoaYSh kdhlhska • 1325 lKavdhfuz iNdm;s;=ush wdosh

^t&X ld, rduqj l%shdldrluz isoq lsrSug n,dfmdfrd;a;= jk ld, rduqj we;=,;a jsh hq;=hX Wod - 2009 foieuznrA wdos jYfhka ^ta& orAYl - orAYl hkq wruqK idOkh lrk njg ksrSCIKh l,yels usushX th ld,hla ueksh yels flgs” ksjeros” h:drA:jdoS usuzula jsh hq;=hX th yels iEu wjia:djloSu l%shdldrlu uekSu i|yd fhdod .;hq;=hX Wod- 2009-2010 ld, iSudj ;=, m%dfoaYSh iNdjg bosrsm;ajSug wfmaCIs; ldka;djka 50% la mqyqKq lsrSuX m%dfoaYSh iNdj, ldka;d ksfhdack;ajh jevslsrSu i|yd jk l%shdldrS iem%dfoaYSh iNdj, ldka;d ksfhdack;ajh jevslsrSu i|yd jk l%shdldrS iem%dfoaYSh iNdj, ldka;d ksfhdack;ajh jevslsrSu i|yd jk l%shdldrS iem%dfoaYSh iNdj, ldka;d ksfhdack;ajh jevslsrSu i|yd jk l%shdldrS ie,eiau,eiau,eiau,eiau ^wdorAYhla&^wdorAYhla&^wdorAYhla&^wdorAYhla&

.eg:Zj

wruqK Wmdh udrA. l%shdldrluz

b,lal lKavdhuz

j.lSu orAYl ld, rduqj

m%dfoaYSh iNdj, ldkakd ksfhdackh wjujSuX

uS,.Z m%dfoaYSh iNdfjz ldka;d ksfhdackh 15% lska jevs lsrSu

i.m%cdjf.a .eg,qj ms<sn| ixfjzoS lsrSuX ii.ixjsOdk.;jSuXiii.wruqo,a /ialsrSu wdosh

i.ldka;d kdhsldjka foaYmd,k lghq;= i|yd mqyqKq lsrSu ii. m%pdrrl jevigyka

m%cd kdhsldjka m%cdj

1325 osia;%sla kdhsldjka

jrAIhl ld,hla ;=,oS m%foaYh foaYmd,khg wj;SrAK jSug wfmaCIs; ldka;djka 50%mqyqKq lsrSu

2009 foieuznrA j,g fmr

Documents

ldka;d foaYmd,k iyNd.s;aj m%jrAOkhawawsl.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/Training-Manuel-on... · 2019-06-27 · 1 mgqk 01001101& &&& fmrjokfmrjokfmrjok 02002202& && & 1 jk oskh 1