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Introduction Knowinghowtousethebuilt-infunctionsinMicrosoftExcelwillturnyouintoapoweruser!Therearehundredsoffunctionsandatfirst,thelistcanseemoverwhelming.EvenasaMicrosoftOfficeExpertinExcel2013IdonotknowalloftheExcelfunctionsavailable.InwritingthiseBook,IdiscoveredseveralnewfunctionsthatIhavenowincorporatedintomydailyuseandhavemademydataanalysismoreefficient.IhopethatthiseBookwillhelpyoulearnmoreoftheExcelfunctionsandthattheywouldhelpyougaincontroloveryourspreadsheets!
WhyLeanExcel? ThisLeanExcelseriesfocusesontime-savingtoolsthatwillhelpyoureducethewasteassociatedwithdataanalysis.Oneofthetenetsofleanmanufacturingtheoryisusingspecializedtoolstoaccomplishatask.Youcoulduseawrenchtodriveanailbutahammerwillgetthejobdonemuchfaster.Remembertimeismoney.
Thinkofthebuilt-infunctionsasspecializedtools.Let’ssayyouneededtofindtheaverageofadatasetthatisinA1throughA5.Remembertheaverageisthesumofallthenumbersinadatasetdividedbythecountofnumbersinthatdataset.Let’slookatthreewaystofindtheaverage.First,youcouldusetheformula=(A1+A2+A3+A4+A5)/5.Second,youcouldusetheSUMandCOUNTfunctions=SUM(A1:A5)/COUNT(A1:A5).Orlastly,youcouldusetheAVERAGEfunction=AVERAGE(A1:A5).Althoughallthreeoptionsgiveyouthesameanswer,usingtheAVERAGEfunctionisclearlythemostefficient.ButinordertousetheAVERGEfunction,youneedtoknowthatitexistsandwhatrequirementsyouneedtouseit.
EnteringFormulasandFunctions First,let’sidentifythesimilaritiesbetweenformulasandfunctions.BothformulasandfunctionscanbeenteredusingtheformulabarimmediatelybelowtheExcelRibbon.TheExcelRibbonisthehorizontalbarnearthetopoftheExcelwindowthatcontainsallofthebuttonsfortoolsavailableinExcel.Bothformulasandfunctionsbeginwiththeequalssign(=).Thisisrequiredonlyatthebeginningoftheformulabar;itisnotrequiredbeforeeachindividualfunctionwithinthatcell.TheequalssigntellsExcelthatyouwantExceltodoacalculationforthiscell.Ifyoudidnothavetheequalssign,thenExcelwillputexactlywhatyoutypeintothatcell.
Next,let’sidentifythedifferencebetweenafunctionandaformula.Inthefirstsectionofthisbook,wediscussed3waystofindtheaverageoffivenumbers.Thefirstoptionisanexampleofaformula.Itbeginswithanequalssign(=)andincludesmathematicoperators(addition:+,subtraction:-,multiplication:*,division:/).Asseeninthefirstoption=(A1+A2+A3+A4+A5)/5,itcanincludebothreferencestocells(A1,A2,A3,etc.)andactualnumbers(the5afterthedivisionsign).Aformulacanincludeothermathematicoperatorssuchasparentheses()todeterminetheorderofoperationsand^forexponents.Excelfollowsthesameorderofoperationsyoulearnedinalgebra:Parenthesesthenexponentsthenmultiplicationanddivisionandlastlyadditionandsubtraction.Soifyouentered=(2+3)^2/5+1intoacellinExcel,itwouldfirstdowhatwasintheparentheses(2+3)=5.Nextitwouldlookforexponentsso(5)^2=25.Thenitwouldlookformultiplicationordivision25/5=5andlastlyadditionorsubtraction5+1=6.So6wouldbetheresultoftheformulaandbedisplayedinthecell.
Afunctionisenteredverysimilarlybutusesabuilt-inkeywordthatExcelwillrecognize.ThethirdoptionfromtheprevioussectionusestheAVERAGEfunction.Toenterthefunction,firstputanequalssign(=)thentypethefunctionname.Excelwilltrytorecognizethekeywordyouaretypingandprovideyoualistofthefunctionsthatbeginwithwhatyoutyped.Youcaneithercontinuetypingordouble-clickonthefunctionyouseeinthelist.Whenyoutypethekeyword,uppercaseisnotrequired;however,ifExcelidentifiesthekeywordasafunction,thenitwillconvertittouppercase.Alternatively,youcouldclickontheFormulatabontheExcelribbonandchooseafunctionfromthecategorieslistedthere.Forreferenceconsistency,thefunctionsincludedinthiseBookaredividedtomatchthecategoriesontheFormulastaboftheExcelribbon.
Eachfunctionbeginswiththeequalssign(=)thenthekeyword(AVERAGE,COUNT,SUM,etc.)andthenanopenparentheses(.Aftertheopenparentheses,Excelexpectsalistofarguments.Thisisthemostconfusingpartofusingafunction.Eachfunctionrequiresadifferentsetofargumentsandtheargumentsmustmatchcertaincriteriaorthefunctionwillreturnanerror(#ERR,#N/A,#DIV/0,etc.).Inthethirdoptionabove,theAVERAGEfunctionrequiredsomenumber,listofnumbers,orrangeasanargument.WeenteredtherangeA1:A5fortheargument.Weassumedthatrangecontainedvalidnumberdata,ifanycellinthatrangeA1:A5containedsomethingbesidesanumber,thenourfunctionmayhaveresultedinanerror.
Youcanalsouseformulasandfunctionstogether.Forexample,thesecondoptionoftheprevioussectionistwofunctions(SUMandCOUNT)inaformula(SUM/COUNT).Wecoulduseanyofthemathematicoperatorsontheresultofanyfunctionaslongastheresultofthatfunctionisanumber.Somefunctionsreturnnon-numericdatasothatmayresultinanerror.
FunctionArguments Afewmoredetailsweneedtodiscussbeforewegettothefunctions.Intheprevioussection,wediscussedhowafunctionbeginswithanequalssignthenakeyword,thenanopenparentheses,thenthearguments,andlastlytheclosingparentheses.SomefunctionssuchasTODAY()requiresnoarguments.OtherargumentssuchasSUM,COUNT,AVERAGErequireoneargumentbutthenallowformanymorearguments.Whenyouenterafunction,excelshowsyouwhichargumentyouarecurrentlyenteringwiththepop-upboxthatappearsbelowtheformulabar.Forexample,fortheSUMfunction,thepop-upboxdisplaysSUM(number1,[number2],…).Thenumber1meansitisrequiredbutthebrackets[]aroundthe[number2]indicateitisoptional.Notethecommaseparatingthearguments;whenyouenterafunction,youwillneedtoseparatetheargumentsbyacommatoo.The(…)meansthattherecouldbemanymoreargumentsthatmatchthetypeofthelastargument.Inthiscase,therecouldbemanymorenumbers([number3],[number4],etc).
Somefunctionshaveanoptionalpairofarguments.Forexample,theSUMIFS,COUNTIFS,andAVERAGEIFSfunctionsallhavethearguments[criteria_rangeX,criteriaX]whereXisthenextnumberinseries.Sincethebracketisaroundthepairorarguments,thepairisoptionalbutifyouwanttoincludetheargument,thenyoumustincludebothargumentsofthepair.
Mostargumentscouldbefulfilledbyeitheravalueoracellreference.MostexperiencedExcelusersputalloftheargumentsincellsandthenreferencethecellswithintheargumentsofthefunction.Theexampleworkbooksarebuiltthisway.Withthismethod,youcanchangethevalueinthereferencecellsandthefunctionwillthenchangeinsteadofhavingtogointotheformulabarandchangethefunctiondirectly.Ihopeusingthismethodwillhelpyouunderstandtherelationshipbetweentheinputsandoutputsofthefunctionasbothcomponentsarevisible.
ExampleWorkbook Toreallyunderstandatopic,mostpeopleneedtovisualizeit.Therefore,allofthefunctionsdiscussedinthiseBookareincludedinaworkbookwithover500examples.YoucanfindtheexampleworkbookandVisualAidprintoutsatthelinkbelow.
Tohelpvisualizetheinputs,somefunctionsthatrequirearangehavetherangeaddresssavedinacell.Theninthefunction,I’veaddedtheINDIRECTfunctiontoconverttherangeaddresssavedinthecelltotheactualrangeofthefunction.Forexample,let’ssayB5containstherangeaddress“A2:A4”andA2throughA4containsallnumbers.IfIwastoenterthefunction=SUM(B5),itwouldreturn0becauseB5containsthetextstring“A2:A4”.Inordertoconvertthetext“A2:A4”intoanaddress,weneedtoaddtheINDIRECTfunction.Sothefunctionshouldthenbe=SUM(INDIRECT(B5))whichisequivalentto=SUM(A2:A4)sinceB5contains“A2:A4”.Theexamplesaresetupthiswaysoyoucanseetheaddressoftherangesthatgointothefunctions.Tochangetheaddress,changeitinthecellwiththeaddress(inthemostrecentexample,thatcellwouldbeB5).
Findtheexampleworkbookhere:https://www.dropbox.com/sh/uvk1a6pdwjlrtjl/AAB7CXA0QlDBMQ9-Ps6iQ4Aka?dl=0
FunctionGuide ThisFunctionGuideliststhekeywordthentheargumentsanddescriptionforeachfunction.Wheneverthedescriptionreferencesthearguments,theargumentnamewillbeinbold.Mostdescriptionswillbeginwiththeword“returns.”Theargumentsaretheinputofthefunctionandthenthefunctionreturnstheoutput.Theoutputisvisibleinthecellwhilethefunctionisstillvisibleintheformulabarorbydoubleclickinginthecell.
Somefunctionsinthefunctionguidemustbeenteredasanarray.Toenterafunctionasanarray,holddownthecontrolandshiftbuttonswhilepressingenter(formacusers,holddowncontrolandshiftwhilepressingreturn).Youwillknowthefunctionwasenteredasanarraybythecurlybrackets{}aroundthefunctionintheformulabar.Donotenterthecurlybracketsmanually.
DateFunctionsUsingDatesinExcel Excelstoresdatesasnumberscalledserialnumbers.Zerocorrespondsto1/1/1904.Thenumber100refersto100dayssince1/1/1904.Timesarestoredaspartialdays.So12:00noonishalfthedaysoitisstoredas0.5addedtothedate.
AddingandSubtractingDatesandTimes Toaddorsubtractadate,justaddorsubtractwholenumbers.Toaddorsubtractatime,addorsubtractthepartialday.Ifyouwantedtoseewhattimeitwasafter5hours,itiseasierandmoreexacttoadd5/24toadatethanitistorememberthat5/24=.208333333.
DATEArguments:year,month,day
Description:Returnstheserialnumberofthedateofthespecifiedyear,month,andday.
DAYArguments:serial_number
Description:Returnsthedayofthemonth(1-31)oftheserial_number.
DAYSArguments:end_date,start_date
Description:Returnsthenumberofdaysbetweenend_dateandstart_date.Equivalenttoend_date-start_date.
EDATEArguments:start_date,months
Description:Returnstheserialnumberofthedatethatisthespecifiednumberofmonthsbeforeorafterthestart_date.Ifmonthsislessthan0thenitreturnsmonthsbefore;ifgreaterthan0thenmonthsafter.
EOMONTHArguments:start_date,months
Description:Returnstheserialnumberofthelastdayofthemonththatisthespecifiednumberofmonthsbeforeorafterthestart_date.Ifmonthsislessthan0thenitreturnsmonthsbefore;ifgreaterthan0thenmonthsafter.
HOURArguments:serial_number
Description:Returnsthehour(0-23)oftheserial_number.
MINUTEArguments:serial_number
Description:Returnstheminute(0-59)oftheserial_number.
MONTHArguments:serial_number
Description:Returnsthemonth(1-12)oftheserial_number.
NETWORKDAYSArguments:start_date,end_date,[holidays]
Description:Returnsthenumberoffullworkdaysbetweenstart_dateandend_date.Specifythedatesofanyholidaystoexclude.
NOWArguments:none
Description:Returnsthecomputer’sdateandtime.
SECONDArguments:serial_number
Description:Returnsthesecond(0-59)oftheserial_number.
TIMEArguments:hour,minute,second
Description:Returnstheserialnumberofthetimeofthespecifiedhour,minute,andsecond.
TODAYArguments:none
Description:Returnsthecomputer’sdate.
WEEKDAYArguments:serial_number,[return_type]
Description:Returnsanumber(1-7)ofthedayintheweekfortheserial_number.Usereturn_typetodeterminehowtocountthedays.
WEEKNUMArguments:serial_number,[return_type]
Description:Returnstheweeknumberoftheyearfortheserial_number.Usereturn_typetodeterminehowtocounttheweeks.
WORKDAYArguments:start_date,days,[holidays]
Description:Returnstheserialnumberofthenumberofdaysafterthestart_date.Specifythedatesofanyholidaystoexclude.
YEARArguments:serial_number
Description:Returnstheyearoftheserial_number.
FinancialFunctionsNotesforFinancialFunctionsThereareafewthingsinmindwhenusingthefunctionsandtheirargumentsdescribedbelow.Besuretokeepunitsconsistentforrateandnper.IfmonthlypaymentsthenratewillbeAPR/12andnperisnumberofyearsofloan*12.Forannualpayments,thenratewillbeAPRandnperisnumberofyears.Cashdepositedintosavingsisrepresentedbynegativenumbersandcashreceivedbypositivenumbers.Iftypeis0oromitted,thenpaymentsaremadeattheendoftheperiod.Iftypeis1thenpaymentsaremadeatthebeginningoftheperiod.
FVArguments:rate,nper,pmt,[pv],[type]
Description:Returnsthefuturevalueofaninvestmentofpvatinterestrateratebasedonthenumbernperofconstantpaymentspmt.
PVArguments:rate,nper,pmt,[fv],[type]
Description:Returnsthepresentvalueofaninvestmentwithtargetfuturevaluefvatinterestrateratebasedonthenumbernperofconstantpaymentspmt.
RATEArguments:nper,pmt,pv,[fv],[type],[guess]
Description:Returnstheinterestrateperperiodofaloan/investmentofsizepvwithnperpaymentsofconstantvaluepmt.Fvisthecashbalanceafterthelastpayment.Iffvisomitted,0isassumed.Guessistheguessofwhattheinterestrateshouldbe.Ifguessisomitted,itisassumedtobe10percent.
PMTArguments:rate,nper,pv,[fv],[type]
Description:Returnsthepaymentperperiodofaloan/investmentofsizepvwithnperpaymentswithaninterestraterate.Fvisthecashbalanceafterthelastpayment.Iffvisomitted,0isassumed.
LogicalFunctionsANDArguments:logical1,logical2,…
Description:ReturnsTRUEifalllogicalargumentsareTRUE.
FALSEArguments:none
Description:ReturnsthevalueFALSE.
IFArguments:logical_test,value_if_true,value_if_false
Description:Iflogical_testreturnsTRUEthenreturnthevalue_if_true,otherwisereturnthevalue_if_false.
IFERRORArguments:value,value_if_error
Description:Ifvalueisanerror(#N/A,#DIV/0,etc.)thenreturnthevalue_if_error,otherwisereturnsvalue.
IFNAArguments:value,value_if_na
Description:Ifvalueis#N/Athenreturnsthevalue_if_na,otherwisereturnsvalue.
ISBLANKArguments:value
Description:IfvalueisblankthenreturnsTRUE,ifnotthenreturnsFALSE.
ISERRArguments:value
Description:Ifvalueisanerrorotherthan#N/AthenreturnsTRUE,ifnotthenreturnsFALSE.
ISERRORArguments:value
Description:Ifvalueisanerror(#N/A,#DIV/0,etc.)thenreturnsTRUE,ifvalueisnotanerrorthenreturnsFALSE.
ISNUMBERArguments:value
Description:IfvalueisanumberthenreturnsTRUE,ifnotthenreturnsFALSE.
NOTArguments:logical
Description:IflogicalwouldreturnTRUEthenreturnFALSEorifFALSEthenreturnTRUE.
ORArguments:logical1,logical2,…
Description:ReturnsTRUEifatleastonelogicalargumentisTRUE.
TRUEArguments:none
Description:ReturnsthevalueTRUE.
LookupFunctionsADDRESSArguments:row_num,column_num,[abs_num],[a1],[sheet_text]
Description:Returnsacellreferenceastextfromcolumn_numandrow_num.Useabs_numtoidentifyabsoluteorrelativereferencesanda1forA1orR1C1styleandsheet_texttospecifythesheetname.
CHOOSEArguments:index_num,value1,[value2],…
Description:Returnsavalue(value1,value2,…)basedonachoiceforindex_num.Likeanifstatementwithmoreoptions.Index_numcannotbegreaterthanthenumberofvalues.
COLUMNArguments:[reference]
Description:Returnsanumberofthecolumnofthereference.Ifreferenceisleftblankthenreturnsthecolumnofthecellcontainingtheformula.
COLUMNSArguments:array
Description:Returnsthenumberofcolumnsintherangearray.
FORMULATEXTArguments:reference
Description:Returnstheformulathatisstoredinreferenceasatextstring.
GETPIVOTDATAArguments:data_field,pivot_table,[Field1,item1],[Field2,item2],…
Description:Returnsavaluefromthedata_fieldinthepivottablepivot_tablewhichmeetsallofthecriteriaofiteminField.
HLOOKUPArguments:lookup_value,table_array,row_index_num,[range_lookup]
Description:Findslookup_valueinthetoprowoftherangetable_arrayandthenreturnsthevaluefromthesamecolumnintherow_index_numrowofthattable.Forexample,ifyouwanttoreturnthethirdrowthenrow_index_num=3.Ifrange_lookupisFALSE,thenthevalueinthetoprowmustmatchlookup_valueexactly.Ifrange_lookupisTRUE,thenitwillmatchtheclosestvaluetolookup_valuewithoutgoingover.
HYPERLINKArguments:link_location,[friendly_name]
Description:Returnsthetextoffriendly_nameasahyperlinktolink_location.Iffriendly_nameisleftblank,thenthetextoflink_locationwillbereturnedasahyperlink.
INDEX(array)Arguments:array,row_num,[column_num]
Description:Returnsthecellreferenceattheintersectionofrow_numandcolumn_numwithinarray.Enterasanarrayfunctionwitheitherrow_numorcolumn_numas0(zero)toreturntheentireroworcolumn.
INDEX(reference)Arguments:reference,row_num,[column_num],[area_num]
Description:Returnsthecellreferenceattheintersectionofrow_numandcolumn_numwithinreference.Ifreferencecontainsmultipleranges,thenarea_numcanbeusedtoidentifywhichrange.Ifrow_numorcolumn_numis0(zero)thenreturnstheentireroworcolumn.
INDIRECTArguments:ref_text,[a1]
Description:Returnsthereferencespecifiedbythetextstringref_text.Ifa1isTRUEoromitted,thenref_textisinterpretedasanA1-stylereference.Ifnot,thenitisinterpretedasanR1C1-stylereference.
MATCHArguments:lookup_value,lookup_array,[match_type]
Description:Looksforlookup_valuewithinalookup_arrayofcellsandreturnsthepositionofthatitemintherange.Ifmatch_typeis1oromitted,thenreturnsthelargestvaluethatislessthanorequaltolookup_valueandvaluesinlookup_arraymustbesortedinascendingorder.Ifmatch_typeis0,thenreturnsthefirstvaluethatisexactlyequaltolookup_valueandvaluescanbesortedinanyorder.Ifmatch_typeis-1,thenreturnsthesmallestvaluethatisgreaterthanorequaltolookup_valueandvaluesinlookup_arraymustbesortedindescendingorder.
OFFSETArguments:reference,rows,cols,[height],[width]
Description:Returnsthereferencetotherangethatisrowsrowsandcolscolumnsawayfromreference.Useheightandwidthtospecifythenumberofrowsandcolumnsreturned.
ROWArguments:[reference]
Description:Returnsanumberoftherowofthereference.Ifreferenceisleftblankthenreturnstherowoftheformula.
ROWSArguments:array
Description:Returnsthenumberofrowsintherangearray.
VLOOKUPArguments:lookup_value,table_array,col_index_num,[range_lookup]
Description:Findslookup_valueinthefirstcolumnoftherangetable_arrayandthenreturnsthevaluefromthesamerowinthecol_index_numcolumnofthattable.Forexample,ifyouwanttoreturnthethirdcolumnthencol_index_num=3.Ifrange_lookupisFALSE,thenthevalueinthefirstcolumnmustmatchlookup_valueexactly.Ifrange_lookupisTRUE,thenitwillmatchtheclosestvaluetolookup_valuewithoutgoingoverandtable_arraymustbesortedinascendingorder.
MathFunctionsABSArguments:number
Description:Returnstheabsolutevalueofnumber.
CONVERTArguments:number,from_unit,to_unit
Description:Returnstheresultofconvertingnumberinfrom_unittotheequivalentvalueinto_unit.
DELTAArguments:number1,[number2]
Description:ReturnsTRUE(1)orFALSE(0)ifnumber1isequaltonumber2.
EXPArguments:number
Description:Returnsthevalueofe(Euler’snumber)raisedtothepowernumber.
FACTArguments:number
Description:Returnsthevalueofnumber‘sfactorial.
INTArguments:number
Description:Returnsnumberroundeddownthenearestinteger.
LOGArguments:number,[base]
Description:Returnsthelogarithmwithbasebaseofnumber.
LOG10Arguments:number
Description:Returnsthecommonlogarithm(base10)ofnumber.
LNArguments:number
Description:Returnsthenaturallogarithmofnumber.
MODArguments:number,divisor
Description:Returnstheremainderofnumberdividedbydivisor.
MROUNDArguments:number,multiple
Description:Returnsnumberroundedtothenearestmultiple.
PIArguments:none
Description:ReturnsthevalueofPi.
POWERArguments:number,power
Description:Returnsnumberraisedtotheexponentpower.
PRODUCTArguments:number1,[number2],…
Description:Returnsthevalueofallnumberargumentsmultipliedtogether.
RANDArguments:none
Description:Returnsarandomnumberbetween0and1.
RANDBETWEENArguments:bottom,top
Description:Returnsarandomnumberbetweenbottomandtop.
ROUNDArguments:number,num_digits
Description:Returnsnumberroundedtothedecimalplacespecifiedbynum_digits.Ifnum_digitsispositive,thenplacestotherightofthedecimal.Ifnegative,thenplacestotheleftofthedecimal.
ROUNDDOWNArguments:number,num_digits
Description:Returnsnumberroundeddowntothedecimalplacespecifiedbynum_digits.Ifnum_digitsispositive,thenplacestotherightofthedecimal.Ifnegative,thenplacestotheleftofthedecimal.
ROUNDUPArguments:number,num_digits
Description:Returnsnumberroundeduptothedecimalplacespecifiedbynum_digits.Ifnum_digitsispositive,thenplacestotherightofthedecimal.Ifnegative,thenplacestotheleftofthedecimal.
SIGNArguments:number
Description:Returns1ifnumberispositive,-1ifnegative,or0if0.
SQRTArguments:number
Description:Returnsthesquarerootofnumber.
SUBTOTALArguments:function_num,ref1,[ref2],…
Description:Returnsthesubtotalofalistordatabasewithref1,ref2,etc.Thevalueofthesubtotalcanchangebasedonthefunction_num.
SUMArguments:number1,[number2],…
Description:Returnsthevalueofallnumberargumentsaddedtogether.
SUMIFArguments:range,criteria,[sum_range]
Description:Returnsthevalueofsum_rangeaddedtogetherifthecorrespondingvalueinrangemeetsthecriteria.
SUMIFSArguments:sum_range,criteria_range1,criteria1,[criteria_range2,criteria2],…
Description:Returnsthevalueofsum_rangeaddedtogetherifallofthecorrespondingvaluesinallcriteria_rangemeetsallcriteria.
SUMPRODUCTArguments:array1,[array2],…
Description:Returnsthesumofcorrespondingvaluesinarraysmultipliedtogether.
SUMSQArguments:number1,[number2],…
Description:Returnsthesumofthenumberargumentssquared.Numberargumentsaresquaredfirstandthenaddedtogether.
TRUNCArguments:number,[num_digits]
Description:Returnsnumbertruncatedorcutofftothenumberofdecimalplacesinnum_digits.Ifnum_digitsisleftblank,thennumberistruncatedtoaninteger.Truncationdoesnotinvolverounding.
StatisticalFunctionsAVERAGEArguments:number1,[number2],…
Description:Returnsthearithmeticmeanofthenumberarguments.
AVERAGEIFArguments:range,criteria,[average_range]
Description:Returnsthearithmeticmeanoftheaverage_rangeifthecorrespondingvalueinrangemeetsthecriteria.
AVERAGEIFSArguments:average_range,criteria_range1,criteria1,[criteria_range2,criteria2],…
Description:Returnsthearithmeticmeanoftheaverage_rangeifallofthecorrespondingvaluesincriteria_rangemeetthecriteria.
CORRELArguments:array1,array2
Description:Returnsthecorrelationcoefficientbetweenthetwodatasetsarray1andarray2.
COUNTArguments:value1,[value2],…
Description:Returnsthenumberofcellsinarange(value1,value2,…)withnumbers.
COUNTAArguments:value1,[value2],…
Description:Returnsthenumberofcellsinarange(value1,value2,…)thatarenotempty.
COUNTBLANKArguments:range
Description:Returnsthenumberofcellsinrangethatareempty.
COUNTIFArguments:range,criteria
Description:Returnsthenumberofcellsinarangethatmeetthespecifiedcriteria.
COUNTIFSArguments:criteria_range1,criteria1,[criteria_range2,criteria2],…
Description:Returnsthenumberofcellsthatmeetallofthespecifiedcriteriaintheirrespectivecriteria_ranges.
FORECASTArguments:x,known_y’s,known_x’s
Description:Returnsafuturevalueatpointxalongalineartrendusingexistingdata(known_y’sandknown_x’s).
F.TESTArguments:array1,array2
Description:ReturnstheresultoftheF-Testwhichmeasurestheprobabilitythatthevariancesoftwoarraysarenotsignificantlydifferent.
INTERCEPTArguments:known_y’s,known_x’s
Description:Returnsthepointatwhichalinewillintersectthey-axisusinglinearregressionofknown_y’sandknown_x’s.
LARGEArguments:array,k
Description:Returnsthek-thlargestvalueintherangearray.
MAXArguments:number1,[number2],…
Description:Returnsthelargestvalueinarange(number1,number2,…).
MEDIANArguments:number1,[number2],…
Description:Returnsthemedianofthevaluesinarange(number1,number2,…).
MINArguments:number1,[number2],…
Description:Returnsthesmallestvalueinarange(number1,number2,…).
MODE.MULTArguments:number1,[number2],…
Description:Returnsaverticalarrayofthemostcommonlyoccurringvaluesinthenumber1,number2,…Highlightthenumberofcellsinacolumntoreturn,thenpresscontrol-shift-entersimultaneouslytoenterasanarrayfunction.
MODE.SNGLArguments:number1,[number2],…
Description:Returnsthemostcommonvalueinthenumber1,number2,…array.
PEARSONArguments:known_y’s,known_x’s
Description:ReturnsthePearsonProductMomentCoefficientofknown_y’sandknown_x’s.ThePearsonProductMomentCoefficientisabbreviatedR.
PERCENTILE.INCArguments:array,k
Description:Returnsthevaluelocatedatthekthpercentileofanarray.PERCENTILE.EXCisslightlymoreaccuratethanPERCENTILE.INCbutitwillonlyworkifkisbetween1/nand1-1/nwherenisthenumberofelementsinarray.
PERCENTILE.EXCArguments:array,k
Description:Returnsthevaluelocatedatthekthpercentileofanarray.PERCENTILE.INCisslightlylessaccuratethanPERCENTILE.EXCbutitwillworkforavalueofkbetween0and1.
PERCENTRANK.INCArguments:array,x,[significance]
Description:Returnsthepercentagerankofavaluexinanarray.Inclusiveofthedataset.
PERCENTRANK.EXCArguments:array,x,[significance]
Description:Returnsthepercentagerankofavaluexinanarray.Exclusiveofthedataset.
QUARTILE.EXCArguments:array,quart
Description:Returnstheexclusivequart(0-4)quartileoftherangearray.
QUARTILE.INCArguments:array,quart
Description:Returnstheinclusivequart(0-4)quartileoftherangearray.
RANK.AVGArguments:number,ref,[order]
Description:Returnstherankofanumberinrangerefsortedascendingordescendingbasedonorder.Ifmultipleranksarefound,theaveragerankisreturned.Iforderisleftblank,theorderwillbeascending.
RANK.EQArguments:number,ref,[order]
Description:Returnstherankofanumberinrangerefsortedascendingordescendingbasedonorder.Ifmultipleranksarefound,thetoprankisreturned.Iforderisleftblank,theorderwillbeascending.
RSQArguments:known_y’s,known_x’s
Description:ReturnsthesquareofthePearsonProductMomentCoefficientofknown_y’sandknown_x’s.KnownasR-squared.
SLOPEArguments:known_y’s,known_x’s
Description:Returnstheslopeofalineusinglinearregressionofknown_y’sandknown_x’s.
SMALLArguments:array,k
Description:Returnsthek-thsmallestvalueintherangearray.
TRIMMEANArguments:array,percent
Description:Returnsthearithmeticmeanoftheinteriorpercentofrangearray.
T.TESTArguments:array1,array2,tails,type
Description:ReturnstheprobabilityofaStudent’sT-Testcomparingtheaverageofarray1andarray2withnumberoftailsandtype.
Z.TESTArguments:array,x,[sigma]
Description:Returnstheone-tailedvalueofaZ-Testofarraywithvaluexandsigmalevelsigma.
TextFunctionsWhatisastring?Incomputerlingo,aseriesoftextcharactersiscalledastring.Astringcanbecomposedofletters,numbers,orsymbols.
CLEANArguments:text
Description:Returnstextwithallnon-printablecharactersremoved.
CONCATENATEArguments:text1,text2,etc.
Description:Returnsthecombinationofmultipletextstrings.
EXACTArguments:text1,text2
Description:ReturnsTRUEiftwotextstringsareexactlythesame(includingupper/lowercase).
FINDArguments:find_text,within_text,start_num
Description:Findsonestring(find_text)withinanotherstring(within_text).Canspecifywheretostartlookingwithstart_num.
LEFTArguments:text,num_chars
Description:Returnstheleftmostnum_charsofthetextstring.
LOWERArguments:text
Description:Returnstextwithalllettersinlowercase.
MIDArguments:text,start_num,num_chars
Description:Returnsthenum_charsofthetextstringstartingatstart_num.
PROPERArguments:text
Description:Returnstextwiththefirstletterineachwordinuppercaseandtheresttolowercase.
REPLACEArguments:old_text,start_num,num_chars,new_text
Description:Replacesnum_charscharactersstartingatstart_numofold_textwithnew_text.
RIGHTArguments:text,num_chars
Description:Returnstherightmostnum_charsofthetextstring.
SEARCHArguments:find_text,within_text,start_num
Description:Findsonestring(find_text)withinanotherstring(within_text).Canspecifywheretostartlookingwithstart_num.SEARCHismoreversatilethanFIND.FINDiscasesensitivewhereSEARCHisnot.SEARCHalsoacceptsthewildcardcharacters?forsingleand*formultiplecharacters.
TEXTArguments:value,format_text
Description:Returnsvaluereformattedaccordingtotheformat_textspecified.
TRIMArguments:text
Description:Returnstextwithallspacesremovedexceptforasinglespacebetweenwords.
UPPERArguments:text
Description:Returnstextwithalllettersinuppercase.
AbouttheAuthor ScottRatliffholdsaBachelor’sofSciencedegreeinMaterialsScienceandEngineeringfromtheUniversityofKentucky.HeisalsoacertifiedMicrosoftExcel2013Expert.HeisworkingtowardshisSixSigmaBlackBeltaccreditationwithafocusonLeanManufacturingImprovements.HelivesinKentuckywithhiswifeandtwodaughters.FindhisentirelistofLeanExcelBooksonhiswebsitewww.LeanExcelBooks.com.
OtherBooksbyScottRatliffLeanExcel:DynamicChartsEliminateunnecessarystepsanddrawdata-basedconclusionsfasterbycreatingdynamicchartsinMicrosoftExcel!Chartsthatupdateautomaticallywhenyouaddordeletedata.ThiseBookcontainsadetailedprocedureonhowtocreatedynamicchartsaswellasafullexplanationofeachstepforyourlearning.Alsoincludedisadownloadabletemplatewiththreetypesofdynamicchartsinplacesoyoucanseethefinalresultaswellasaprintableone-pagevisualinstructionguidetokeepatyourdesktohaveanytimeyouneedit!Increaseyourproductivityimmediately!RequiresMicrosoftExcel97ornewer.AvailableonbothAmazonKindleandiBooks.
Alleluia:FamilyWorshipNotebookUsetheAlleluia:FamilyWorshipNotebooktohelpyouandyourfamilygrowclosertoGodandmoreknowledgeableaboutHisWord!Theincludedtoolsprovideastructuredformatyouandyourfamilycanusetorecord,review,andretaintheworshipservicesofyourlocalchurch.Differentlevelnotebookpagesareincludedforgrade1throughadults.FamilyBiblestudyquestionsareincludedtohelpstartorrestartyourfamilyBiblestudies.AvailableonbothAmazonKindleandiBooks.
