18
LECTURE 1: EYE ANATOMY Liana Al-Labadi, O.D .

Lecture 1: Eye Anatomy

  • Upload
    calais

  • View
    132

  • Download
    15

Embed Size (px)

DESCRIPTION

Lecture 1: Eye Anatomy. Liana Al-Labadi, O.D. Eye Anatomy. Eye Anatomy. The orbital bone The eye socket Formed by: Cheekbone Forehead Temple Side of nose Eye is cushioned within orbit by pads of fat Lacrimal gland Produces tears Tears drain through the nasolacrimal duct. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Citation preview

Page 1: Lecture 1: Eye Anatomy

LECTURE 1: EYE ANATOMY

Liana Al-Labadi, O.D.

Page 2: Lecture 1: Eye Anatomy

EYE ANATOMY

http://everlastingelephants.blogspot.com/2009/08/what-is-eye-cataract.html

Page 3: Lecture 1: Eye Anatomy

EYE ANATOMY

http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Eye_orbit_anatomy_anterior2.jpg

The orbital bone The eye socket Formed by:

Cheekbone Forehead Temple Side of nose

Eye is cushioned within orbit by pads of fat

Lacrimal gland Produces tears Tears drain through the

nasolacrimal ducthttp://mwsu-bio101.ning.com/forum/topics/distinct-human-celltypes-1?commentId=2263214%3AComment%3A10331

Page 4: Lecture 1: Eye Anatomy

EYE ANATOMY

Eyelids (L): Protection:

Protects eye from foreign matter (dust, dirt, debris)

Protects against bright light that might damage the eye

Help spread tears over surface of eye- moist & comfort

Eyelashes (L): Filter out foreign matter

prevent it from getting into eye

http://www.medical-look.com/human_anatomy/organs/Eyelids_and_eyelashes.html

Page 5: Lecture 1: Eye Anatomy

EYE ANATOMY

Conjunctiva (Conj): Thin, clear layer of skin Covering of the front of eye Covers the sclera and the

inside of the eyelids Function:

Keeps bacteria and foreign material from getting behind eye http://www.images.missionforvisionusa.org/anatomy/2005/11/conjunctiva-answers.html

Page 6: Lecture 1: Eye Anatomy

EYE ANATOMY

Sclera (S): “White of the eye” Tough, opaque tissue that

extends around the eye Surrounds the eye and gives

the eye its shape The sclera is attached to the

extraocular muscles http://www.thirdeyehealth.com/sclera.html

Page 7: Lecture 1: Eye Anatomy

EYE ANATOMY

Extraocular Muscles 6 extraocular muscles that

are attached to each eye Help move the eye left,

right, up, down and diagonally

These 6 muscles are: Superior rectus Inferior rectus Medial rectus Lateral rectus Inferior oblique Superior oblique

http://media.photobucket.com/image/introduction%20to%20eye%20anatomy/trimurtulu/Eye.jpg

Page 8: Lecture 1: Eye Anatomy

EYE ANATOMY

Cornea (K): Clear layer at the front &

center of eye Located in front of the

iris (colored part of eye) Function:

Focus light as it enters eye Avascular

Only organ that has no blood vessels

http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Cornea.jpg

Page 9: Lecture 1: Eye Anatomy

EYE ANATOMY Anterior Chamber (AC):

Fluid-filled space Behind the cornea & in

front of the iris Fluid = Aqueous humor

(AH) AH helps nourish the

cornea & the lens http://www.djo.harvard.edu/files/2528_310.jpg

http://www.goodhope.org.uk/departments/eyedept/angleclosureetc.htm

Page 10: Lecture 1: Eye Anatomy

EYE ANATOMY

Pupil (P): Central opening of iris

Iris (I): Ring shaped tissue Colored part of eye Controls the amount of light

that enters the eye Two muscle fibers:

Contraction Constricts pupil in bright

light Dilation

Dilates pupil in dark

http://www.bioconsulting.com/Bio_Tech_Assessment.html

http://www.goodhope.org.uk/departments/eyedept/angleclosureetc.htm

Page 11: Lecture 1: Eye Anatomy

EYE ANATOMY

Anterior Chamber Angle Located where the cornea

meets the iris Trabecular Meshwork

Site where aqueous humor drains out of eye

If AH cannot properly drain out Pressure build up inside eye

Causes optic nerve damage & evetually vision loss = glaucoma

http://seniorhealth.about.com/library/conditions/blglaucoma2.htm

Page 12: Lecture 1: Eye Anatomy

EYE ANATOMY Posterior Chamber (PC):

Fluid-filled space Aqueous Humor!

Immediately behind the iris but infront of the lens

http://seniorhealth.about.com/library/conditions/blglaucoma2.htm

Page 13: Lecture 1: Eye Anatomy

EYE ANATOMY Crystalline Lens:

Clear, flexible structure Behind the iris & pupil Surrounded by a ring of

muscular tissue – ciliary body

The lens & ciliary body help control fine focusing of light as it passes through the eye

http://www.smartplanet.com/business/blog/smart-takes/artificial-lens-implant-to-give-patients-high-definition-vision-better-than-2020/2558/

Page 14: Lecture 1: Eye Anatomy

EYE ANATOMY Vitreous Chamber:

Located behind the lens & in front of the retina

Filled with a gel-like fluid called the vitreous humor

The vitreous help maintain the shape of the eye

http://www.ophthobook.com/questions/question-how-many-chambers-are-there-in-the-eye

Page 15: Lecture 1: Eye Anatomy

EYE ANATOMY

Retina: Acts like the film in a camera to

create an image Consists of a specialized layer of

cells Converts light signals into nerve

signal then send these signals to the optic nerve Optic nerve carries the signals to the

brain The brain helps process the image

Rods- low light situations Cones- allows you to see color

hhttp://www1.appstate.edu/~kms/classes/psy3203/EyePhysio/human_retina.htm

http://www.answersingenesis.org/tj/v13/i1/retina.asp

Page 16: Lecture 1: Eye Anatomy

EYE ANATOMY

Macula Located in the central part

of the retina Responsible for giving sharp

central vision Used for reading,

recognizing faces, and watching TV

Any disease that affects the macula will cause a change & impairment in the central vision

http://www.dukehealth.org/eye_center/specialties/macular_degeneration/care_guides/macular_degeneration_frequently_asked_questions

Page 17: Lecture 1: Eye Anatomy

EYE ANATOMY

Choroid A layer of tissue that is:

Located under the retina Separates retina & sclera

Mostly made up of blood vessels

Helps nourish the retina by carrying the blood supply to the eye’s internal structures

http://www.cnib.ca/en/your-eyes/eye-conditions/amd/the-eye/basics/Default.aspx

Page 18: Lecture 1: Eye Anatomy

EYE ANATOMY

Optic Nerve A bundle of 1 million nerve

fibers Responsible for transmitting

nerve signals from the eye to the brain

The optic disc is the front surface of the optic nerve The optic disc is visible on the

retina

http://cssd.us/body.cfm?id=802

http://www.wollongong.youronlinecommunity.com.au/wollongong-online/2008/50/walkthrulife/eye-health.html