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Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence 4099Edited by J. G. Carbonell and J. Siekmann
Subseries of Lecture Notes in Computer Science
Qiang Yang Geoff Webb (Eds.)
PRICAI 2006:Trends inArtificial Intelligence
9th Pacific Rim International Conferenceon Artificial IntelligenceGuilin, China, August 7-11, 2006Proceedings
13
Series Editors
Jaime G. Carbonell, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USAJörg Siekmann, University of Saarland, Saarbrücken, Germany
Volume Editors
Qiang YangHong Kong University of Science and TechnologyDepartment of Computer Science and EngineeringClearwater Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, ChinaE-mail: [email protected]
Geoff WebbMonash UniversitySchool of Information TechnologyP.O. Box 75, Victoria 3800, AustraliaE-mail: [email protected]
Library of Congress Control Number: 2006929802
CR Subject Classification (1998): I.2, F.1
LNCS Sublibrary: SL 7 – Artificial Intelligence
ISSN 0302-9743ISBN-10 3-540-36667-9 Springer Berlin Heidelberg New YorkISBN-13 978-3-540-36667-6 Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York
This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material isconcerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, re-use of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting,reproduction on microfilms or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publicationor parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965,in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Violations are liableto prosecution under the German Copyright Law.
Springer is a part of Springer Science+Business Media
springer.com
© Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2006Printed in Germany
Typesetting: Camera-ready by author, data conversion by Scientific Publishing Services, Chennai, IndiaPrinted on acid-free paper SPIN: 11801603 06/3142 5 4 3 2 1 0
Preface
The Pacific Rim International Conference on Artificial Intelligence (PRICAI) isone of the preeminent international conferences on artificial intelligence (AI).PRICAI 2006 (http://www.csse.monash.edu.au/pricai06/Header.htm) was theninth in this series of biennial international conferences highlighting the mostsignificant contributions to the field of AI. The conference was held during Au-gust 7-11, 2006, in the beautiful city of Guilin in Guangxi Province, China.
As in previous years, this year’s technical program saw very high standards inboth the submission and paper review process, resulting in an exciting programthat reflects the great variety and depth of modern AI research. This year’scontributions covered all traditional areas of AI, including machine learning anddata mining, knowledge representation and planning, probabilistic reasoning,constraint satisfaction, computer vision and automated agents, as well as variousexciting and innovative applications of AI to many different areas. There wasparticular emphasis in the areas of machine learning and data mining, intelligentagents, evolutionary computing and intelligent image and video analysis.
The technical papers in this volume were selected from a record of 596 sub-missions after a rigorous review process. Each submission was reviewed by atleast three members of the PRICAI Program Committee, including at least tworeviewers and one Vice Program Chair. Decisions were reached following dis-cussions among the reviewers of each paper, and finalized in a highly selectiveprocess that balanced many aspects of a paper, including the significance of thecontribution and originality, technical quality and clarity of contributions, andrelevance to the conference objectives.
The technical paper review process was very selective. Out of the 596 submis-sions, we accepted 81(13.6%) papers for oral presentation and 87 papers (14.6%)for presentation as posters at the conference. This corresponds to an overall ac-ceptance rate of 28.8% among all submissions. In addition, we were honoredto have keynote speeches by notable leaders in the field: Pedro Domingos, AhChung Tsoi, Wei-Xiong Zhang, Ning Zhong and Zhi-Hua Zhou and an invitedtalk by a further distinguished academic, Kuang-chih Huang. In addition to themain conference, PRICAI 2006 also featured an exciting tutorial program andworkshop program, as well as several co-located international conferences.
PRICAI 2006 relied on the generous help of many people. We extend ourappreciation to the Vice PC Chairs: David Albrecht, Hung Bui, William Che-ung, John Debenham, Achim Hoffmann, Huan Liu, Wee Keong Ng, Hui Xiong,Mingsheng Ying, Shichao Zhang and Zhi-Hua Zhou, as well as the hard work of333 members of the Program Committee and reviewers. We thank in particu-lar the professional help of Rong Pan and Michelle Kinsman, who provided anenormous amount of assistance with the conference reviewing system and web-site, and thank the generous help of the previous PRICAI Chair Chengqi Zhang
VI Preface
and the support of Local Arrangement Chairs Shichao Zhang and Taoshen Li.We thank the strong support of the Conference General Chairs Ruqian Lu andHideyuki Nakashima. We also thank the PRICAI Steering Committee for giv-ing us this chance to co-chair the PRICAI 2006 conference, and Springer for itscontinuing support in publishing the proceedings.
August 2006 Qiang Yang and Geoff Webb
Organization
Conference Co-chairs:
Ruqian Lu (Chinese Academy of Sciences) ChinaHideyuki Nakashima (Future University - Hakodate) Japan
Program Committee Co-chairs:
Qiang Yang (Hong Kong University of Science and Technology) Hong KongGeoff Webb (Monash University) Australia
Organizing Chair:
Shichao Zhang (Guangxi Normal University) ChinaTaoshen Li (Guangxi Normal University) China
Workshops Chair:
Riichiro Mizoguchi (Osaka University) JapanRong Pan (Hong Kong University of Science and Technology) Hong Kong
Tutorials Chair:
Charles Ling (University of Western Ontario) Canada
Industrial Chair:
Wei-Ying Ma (Microsoft Research) China
Sponsorship Co-chairs:
Zhongzhi Shi (Chinese Academy of Sciences) ChinaChengqi Zhang (University of Technology, Sydney) Australia
Publicity Co-chairs:
Jian Pei (Simon Fraser University) CanadaXudong Luo (University of Southampton) UK
VIII Organization
Program Committee Vice Chairs:
David Albrecht (Monash University) AustraliaHung Bui (SRI International) USAWilliam Cheung (Hong Kong Baptist University) Hong KongJohn Debenham (University of Technology, Sydney) AustraliaAchim Hoffmann (University of New South Wales) AustraliaHuan Liu (Arizona State University) USAWee Keong Ng (Nanyang Technological University) SingaporeHui Xiong (Rutgers University) USAMingsheng Ying (Tsinghua University) ChinaShichao Zhang (University of Technology, Sydney) AustraliaZhi-Hua Zhou (Nanjing University) China
Program Committee:
David AlbrechtAijun AnA. AnbulaganHiroki ArimuraLaxmidhar BeheraHung BuiLongbing CaoTru CaoNicholas CerconeRong ChenYin ChenZheng ChenJian-Hung ChenSongcan ChenDavid CheungWilliam CheungYiu-ming CheungSung-Bae ChoAndy ChunPaul ComptonJirapun DaengdejHonghua DaiDao-Qing DaiPallab DasguptaManoranjan DashJohn DebenhamJames DelgrandeZhi-Hong DengNorman Foo
Christian FreksaYan FuSharon XiaoYing GaoYang GaoShyam GuptaUdo HahnJames HarlandAchim HoffmannJiman HongMichael HorschWynne HsuXiangji HuangJoshua HuangShell Ying HuangZhiyong HuangMitsuru IshizukaSanjay JainMargaret JefferiesRong JinGeun Sik JoKen KaneiwaHiroyuki KawanoRay KempShamim KhanDeepak KhemaniBoonserm KijsirikulEun Yi KimYasuhiko KitamuraAlistair Knott
Organization IX
Ramamohanarao KotagiriPeep KngasKazuhiro KuwabaraJames KwokWai LamLongin Jan LateckiWee Sun LeeTze Yun LeongXue LiHang LiChun-Hung LiJinyan LiGerard LigozatEe-Peng LimZuoquan LinHong LiuTie-Yan LiuJiming LiuBing LiuHuan LiuDickson LukoseXudong LuoMichael MaherYuji MatsumotoChris MessonChunyan MiaoKyongHo MinAntonija MitrovicShivashankar NairGeok See NgWee Keong NgZaiqing NieMasayuki NumaoTakashi OkadaLin PadghamRong PanJeng-Shyang PanHyeyoung ParkFred PopowichArun K. PujariHiok Chai QuekAnca Luminita RalescuJochen RenzClaude SammutKen Satoh
Rudy SetionoYidong ShenZhongZhi ShiDaming ShiAkira ShimazuCarles SierraArul SiromoneyRaymund SisonPaul SnowVon-Wun SooKaile SuRuixiang SunWing Kin SungHideaki TakedaAh-Hwee TanChew Lim TanQing TaoTakao TeranoJohn ThorntonKai Ming TingShusaku TsumotoMiroslav VelevToby WalshHuaiqing WangJun WangLipo WangTakashi WashioIan WatsonGeoff WebbJi-Rong WenGraham WilliamsWayne WobckeLimsoon WongZhaohui WuXindong WuHui XiongBaowen XuSeiji YamadaJun YanQiang YangYing YangHyun Seung YangYiyu YaoMin YaoRoland H. C. Yap
X Organization
Dit-Yan YeungJian YinMingsheng YingXinghuo YuJeffrey Xu YuLei YuJian YuPong Chi YuenHuajun ZengHongbin ZhaChengqi ZhangZili Zhang
Benyu ZhangJunping ZhangMingyi ZhangXuegong ZhangByoung-Tak ZhangJian ZhangShichao ZhangJun ZhangNing ZhongAoying ZhouShuigeng ZhouZhi-Hua Zhou
Additional Reviewers:
Mina AkaishiBill AndreopoulosHiroshi AoyamaNaresh BabuNilufar BaghaeiStuart BainShankar BalachandranRavindran BalaramanThomas BarkowskyJ. P. BekmannSven BertelMichael BlumensteinAbdenour BouzouaneTiberio CaetanoLawrence CavedonHong ChangRatthachat ChatpatanasiriQingliang ChenJilin ChenYuanhao ChenJie ChenDing-Yi ChenKenil ChengPak-Ming CheungVic CiesielskiAndrew ConnorDiana CukiermanGuang DaiUgo Dal Lago
Martina DankovaLuc De RaedtMarina De VosAldric DegorreMike DixonJeremy DokterDidier DuboisFrank DyllaWeiguo FanJoel FenwickLiliana Mara Carrillo FlrezLutz FrommbergerKen-ichi FukuiNaoki FukutaChun Che FungGabriel FungDorian GaertnerBin GaoAlban GrastienXue Gui-RongMakoto HaraguchiXuefeng HeKeijo HeljankoJan HladikChenyong HuJinbo HuangAaron HunterSun Jian-TaoMike Jones
Organization XI
Sindhu JosephRohit JoshiNorihiro KamideGour KarmakarYoshikiyo KatoElizabeth KempPhilip KilbyKazuki KobayashiTakanori KomatsuYasuo KudoSreenivasa KumarSatoshi KuriharaRoberto LegaspiHua LiXiaodong LiGuoliang LiChavalit LikitvivatanavongChenxi LinHan LinNing LiuJimmy LiuYang LiuXiangyu LuoWei LuoStephen MacDonellStephen MarslandAkio MaruyamaShouichi MatsuiLe Ngoc MinhNguyen Le MinhMasaharu MizumotoMikihiko MoriKoji MorikawaKoichi MoriyamaMasao MukaidonoHiroshi MurataTsuyoshi MurataN. S. NarayanaswamyNide NaoyukiYoshimasa OhmotoMasayuki OkabeYoshiaki OkuboTakashi OnodaMehmet A. OrgunMehrdad Oveisi
Piero PaglianiJeffrey Junfeng PanTanasanee PhienthrakulAdrin Perreau de PinninckKim Leng PohWayne PullanPrasertsak PungprasertyingJosep Puyol-GruartHo Bao QuocM. Masudur RahmanShri RaiArthur RamerDelip RaoRamesh RayuduJochen RenzKai-Florian RichterJuan A. Rodrguez-AguilarMaxim RoyJordi Sabater-MirAshish SabharwalFalko SchmidHolger SchultheisInessa SeifertSteven ShapiroAndy SongFausto SpotoAnantaporn SrisawatSufatrioXichen SunYasufumi TakamaShiro TakataMartti TammiThora TenbrinkQuan Thanh ThoMirek TruszczynskiIvor TsangDinh Duc Anh VuJan Oliver WallgrnMeng wangGang WangMinhong WangYang Wendy WangAmali WeerasingheMiao WenMichael Winter
XII Organization
Kok Wai WongSwee Seong WongBozena WoznaWensi XiShuicheng Yan
Sheng ZhangKai ZhangMengjie ZhangXin Zheng
Table of Contents
Keynote Speech
Learning, Logic, and Probability: A Unified ViewPedro Domingos . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Impending Web Intelligence (WI) and Brain Informatics (BI) ResearchNing Zhong . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Learning with Unlabeled Data and Its Application to Image RetrievalZhi-Hua Zhou . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Regular Papers
Intelligent Agents
Learning as Abductive DeliberationsBudhitama Subagdja, Iyad Rahwan, Liz Sonenberg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Using a Constructive Interactive Activation and Competition NeuralNetwork to Construct a Situated Agent’s Experience
Wei Peng, John S. Gero . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Rule-Based Agents in Temporalised Defeasible LogicGuido Governatori, Vineet Padmanabhan, Antonino Rotolo . . . . . . . . 31
Compact Preference Representation for Boolean GamesElise Bonzon, Marie-Christine Lagasquie-Schiex, Jerome Lang . . . . . . 41
Agent-Based Flexible Videoconference System with Automatic QoSParameter Tuning
Sungdoke Lee, Sanggil Kang, Dongsoo Han . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Kalman Filter Based Dead Reckoning Algorithm for MinimizingNetwork Traffic Between Mobile Game Users in Wireless GRID
Seong-Whan Kim, Ki-Hong Ko . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Affective Web Service DesignInsu Song, Guido Governatori . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
XIV Table of Contents
An Empirical Study of Data Smoothing Methods for Memory-Basedand Hybrid Collaborative Filtering
Dingyi Han, Gui-Rong Xue, Yong Yu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Eliminate Redundancy in Parallel Search: A Multi-agent CoordinationApproach
Jiewen Luo, Zhongzhi Shi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Intelligent Market Based Learner ModelingMaryam Ashoori, Chun Yan Miao, Angela Eck Soong Goh,Wang Qiong . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
User Preference Through Bayesian Categorization for RecommendationKyung-Yong Jung . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
Automated Reasoning
A Stochastic Non-CNF SAT SolverRafiq Muhammad, Peter J. Stuckey . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
Reasoning About Hybrid Probabilistic Knowledge BasesKedian Mu, Zuoquan Lin, Zhi Jin, Ruqian Lu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130
Update Rules for Parameter Estimation in Continuous Time BayesianNetwork
Dongyu Shi, Jinyuan You . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140
On Constructing Fibred Tableaux for BDI LogicsVineet Padmanabhan, Guido Governatori . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150
The Representation of Multiplication Operation on Fuzzy Numbersand Application to Solving Fuzzy Multiple Criteria Decision MakingProblems
Chien-Chang Chou . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161
Finding a Natural-Looking Path by Using Generalized Visibility GraphsKyeonah Yu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170
Comparison Between Two Languages Used to Express Planning Goals:CTL and EAGLE
Wei Huang, Zhonghua Wen, Yunfei Jiang, Aixiang Chen . . . . . . . . . . 180
Trajectory Modification Using Elastic Force for Collision Avoidanceof a Mobile Manipulator
Nak Yong Ko, Reid G. Simmons, Dong Jin Seo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190
Table of Contents XV
A Hybrid Architecture Combining Reactive Plan Executionand Reactive Learning
Samin Karim, Liz Sonenberg, Ah-Hwee Tan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200
A Knowledge-Based Modeling System for Time-Critical DynamicDecision-Making
Yanping Xiang, Kim-Leng Poh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212
Machine Learning and Data Mining
Mining Frequent Itemsets for Protein Kinase RegulationQingfeng Chen, Yi-Ping Phoebe Chen, Chengqi Zhang,Lianggang Li . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 222
Constructing Bayesian Networks from Association AnalysisOhm Sornil, Sunatashee Poonvutthikul . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231
Bayesian Approaches to Ranking Sequential Patterns InterestingnessKuralmani Vellaisamy, Jinyan Li . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241
Mining Multi-dimensional Frequent Patterns Without Data CubeConstruction
Chuan Li, Changjie Tang, Zhonghua Yu, Yintian Liu,Tianqing Zhang, Qihong Liu, Mingfang Zhu, Yongguang Jiang . . . . . . 251
A New Approach to Symbolic Classification Rule Extraction Basedon SVM
Dexian Zhang, Tiejun Yang, Ziqiang Wang, Yanfeng Fan . . . . . . . . . . 261
Feature Selection for Bagging of Support Vector MachinesGuo-Zheng Li, Tian-Yu Liu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 271
Neural Classification of Lung Sounds Using Wavelet Packet CoefficientsEnergy
Yi Liu, Caiming Zhang, Yuhua Peng . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 278
Wireless Communication Quality Monitoring with Artificial NeuralNetworks
Dauren F. Akhmetov, Minoru Kotaki . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 288
Prediction of MPEG Video Source Traffic Using BiLinear RecurrentNeural Networks
Dong-Chul Park, Chung Nguyen Tran, Young-Soo Song,Yunsik Lee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 298
XVI Table of Contents
Dynamic Neural Network-Based Fault Diagnosis for Attitude ControlSubsystem of a Satellite
Z.Q. Li, L. Ma, K. Khorasani . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 308
Gauss Chaotic Neural NetworksYao-qun Xu, Ming Sun, Ji-hong Shen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 319
Short-Term Load Forecasting Using Multiscale BiLinear RecurrentNeural Network
Dong-Chul Park, Chung Nguyen Tran, Yunsik Lee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 329
A Comparison of Selected Training Algorithms for Recurrent NeuralNetworks
Suwat Pattamavorakun, Suwarin Pattamavorakun . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 339
Neural Network Recognition of Scanning Electron Microscope Imagefor Plasma Diagnosis
Byungwhan Kim, Wooram Ko, Seung Soo Han . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 350
A New Multi-constrained QoS Routing Algorithm in Mobile Ad HocNetworks
Hu Bin, Liu Hui . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 358
Sparse Kernel Ridge Regression Using Backward DeletionLing Wang, Liefeng Bo, Licheng Jiao . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 365
Using Locally Weighted Learning to Improve SMOreg for RegressionChaoqun Li, Liangxiao Jiang . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 375
Palmprint Recognition Using Wavelet and Support Vector MachinesXinhong Zhou, Yuhua Peng, Ming Yang . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 385
Context Awareness System Modeling and Classifier CombinationMi Young Nam, Suman Sedai, Phill Kyu Rhee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 394
Non-negative Matrix Factorization on KernelsDaoqiang Zhang, Zhi-Hua Zhou, Songcan Chen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 404
Modelling Citation Networks for Improving Scientific PaperClassification Performance
Mengjie Zhang, Xiaoying Gao, Minh Duc Cao, Yuejin Ma . . . . . . . . . 413
Analysis on Classification Performance of Rough Set Based ReductsQinghua Hu, Xiaodong Li, Daren Yu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 423
Table of Contents XVII
Parameter Optimization of Kernel-Based One-Class Classifieron Imbalance Text Learning
Ling Zhuang, Honghua Dai . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 434
Clustering-Based Nonlinear Dimensionality Reduction on ManifoldGuihua Wen, Lijun Jiang, Jun Wen, Nigel R. Shadbolt . . . . . . . . . . . . 444
Sparse Kernel PCA by Kernel K-Means and Preimage ReconstructionAlgorithms
Sanparith Marukatat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 454
Clustering-Based Relevance Feedback for Web PagesSeung Yeol Yoo, Achim Hoffmann . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 464
Building Clusters of Related Words: An Unsupervised ApproachDeepak P, Delip Rao, Deepak Khemani . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 474
Natural Language Processing and Speech Recognition
Recognition of Simultaneous Speech by Estimating Reliability ofSeparated Signals for Robot Audition
Shun’ichi Yamamoto, Ryu Takeda, Kazuhiro Nakadai, Mikio Nakano,Hiroshi Tsujino, Jean-Marc Valin, Kazunori Komatani,Tetsuya Ogata, Hiroshi G. Okuno . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 484
Chinese Abbreviation-Definition Identification: A SVM ApproachUsing Context Information
Xu Sun, Houfeng Wang, Yu Zhang . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 495
Clause Boundary Recognition Using Support Vector MachinesHyun-Ju Lee, Seong-Bae Park, Sang-Jo Lee, Se-Young Park . . . . . . . . 505
Large Quantity of Text Classification Based on the ImprovedFeature-Line Method
XianFei Zhang, BiCheng Li, WenBin Mu, Yin Liu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 515
Automatic Multi-level Summarizations Generation Based on BasicSemantic Unit for Sports Video
Jianyun Chen, Xinyu Zhao, Miyi Duan, Tingting Wu,Songyang Lao . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 524
Query-Topic Focused Web Pages SummarizationSeung Yeol Yoo, Achim Hoffmann . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 533
XVIII Table of Contents
Computer Vision
Invariant Color Model-Based Shadow Removal in Traffic Image anda New Metric for Evaluating the Performance of Shadow RemovalMethods
Young Sung Soh, Hwanju Lee, Yakun Wang . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 544
Uncontrolled Face Recognition by Individual Stable Neural NetworkXin Geng, Zhi-Hua Zhou, Honghua Dai . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 553
Fuzzy Velocity-Based Temporal Dependency for SVM-Driven RealisticFacial Animation
Pith Xie, Yiqiang Chen, Junfa Liu, Dongrong Xiao . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 563
Re-ordering Methods in Adaptive Rank-Based Re-indexing SchemeKang Soo You, Jae Ho Choi, Hoon Sung Kwak . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 573
Use of Nested K-Means for Robust Head Location in Visual SurveillanceSystem
Hyun Jea Joo, Bong Won Jang, Suman Sedai, Phill Kyu Rhee . . . . . . 583
Appearance Based Multiple Agent Tracking Under Complex OcclusionsPrithwijit Guha, Amitabha Mukerjee, K.S. Venkatesh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 593
Perception and Animation
Variable Duration Motion Texture for Human Motion ModelingTianyu Huang, Fengxia Li, Shouyi Zhan, Jianyuan Min . . . . . . . . . . . 603
A Novel Motion Blending Approach Based on Fuzzy ClusteringXiangbin Zhu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 613
Efficient Optimization of Inpainting Scheme and Line Scratch Detectionfor Old Film Restoration
Seong-Whan Kim, Ki-Hong Ko . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 623
Partial Encryption of Digital Contents Using Face Detection AlgorithmKwangjin Hong, Keechul Jung . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 632
Relevance Feedback Using Adaptive Clustering for Region Based ImageSimilarity Retrieval
Deok-Hwan Kim, Seok-Lyong Lee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 641
Table of Contents XIX
Evolutionary Computing
Learning and Evolution Affected by Spatial StructureMasahiro Ono, Mitsuru Ishizuka . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 651
Immune Clonal Selection Evolutionary Strategy for ConstrainedOptimization
Wenping Ma, Licheng Jiao, Maoguo Gong, Ronghua Shang . . . . . . . . 661
An Intelligent System for Supporting Personal Creativity Basedon Genetic Algorithm
Heng-Li Yang, Cheng-Hwa Lee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 671
Generating Creative Ideas Through PatentsGuihua Wen, Lijun Jiang, Jun Wen, Nigel R. Shadbolt . . . . . . . . . . . . 681
An Improved Multiobjective Evolutionary Algorithm Basedon Dominating Tree
Chuan Shi, Qingyong Li, Zhiyong Zhang, Zhongzhi Shi . . . . . . . . . . . . 691
Fuzzy Genetic System for Modelling Investment PortfolioRahib H. Abiyev, Mustafa Menekay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 701
Fuzzy Genetic Algorithms for Pairs MiningLongbing Cao, Dan Luo, Chengqi Zhang . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 711
A Novel Feature Selection Approach by Hybrid Genetic AlgorithmJinjie Huang, Ning Lv, Wenlong Li . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 721
Evolutionary Ensemble Based Pattern Recognition by Data ContextDefinition
Mi Young Nam, In Ja Jeon, Phill Kyu Rhee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 730
Quantum-Behaved Particle Swarm Optimization with a HybridProbability Distribution
Jun Sun, Wenbo Xu, Wei Fang . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 737
A Selection Scheme for Excluding Defective Rules of EvolutionaryFuzzy Path Planning
Jong-Hwan Park, Jong-Hwan Kim, Byung-Ha Ahn,Moon-Gu Jeon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 747
An Improved Genetic-Based Particle Swarm Optimization for No-IdlePermutation Flow Shops with Fuzzy Processing Time
Niu Qun, Xingsheng Gu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 757
XX Table of Contents
Industrial Applications
Determinants of E-CRM in Influencing Customer SatisfactionYan Liu, Chang-Feng Zhou, Ying-Wu Chen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 767
Penalty Guided PSO for Reliability Design ProblemsTa-Cheng Chen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 777
Developing Methodologies of Knowledge Discovery and Data Miningto Investigate Metropolitan Land Use Evolution
Yongliang Shi, Jin Liu, Rusong Wang, Min Chen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 787
Vibration Control of Suspension System Based on a Hybrid IntelligentControl Algorithm
Ke Zhang, Shiming Wang . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 797
Short Papers Part
Intelligent Agents
An Intelligent Conversational Agent as the Web Virtual RepresentativeUsing Semantic Bayesian Networks
Kyoung-Min Kim, Jin-Hyuk Hong, Sung-Bae Cho . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 807
Three-Tier Multi-agent Approach for Solving Traveling SalesmanProblem
Shi-Liang Yan, Ke-Feng Zhou . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 813
Adaptive Agent Selection in Large-Scale Multi-Agent SystemsToshiharu Sugawara, Kensuke Fukuda, Toshio Hirotsu,Shin-ya Sato, Satoshi Kurihara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 818
A Mobile Agent Approach to Support Parallel EvolutionaryComputation
Wei-Po Lee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 823
The Design of Fuzzy Controller by Means of Genetic Algorithmsand NFN-Based Estimation Technique
Sung-Kwun Oh, Jeoung-Nae Choi, Seong-Whan Jang . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 829
GA-Based Polynomial Neural Networks Architecture and ItsApplication to Multi-variable Software Process
Sung-Kwun Oh, Witold Pedrycz, Wan-Su Kim, Hyun-Ki Kim . . . . . . 834
Table of Contents XXI
Topical and Temporal Visualization Using WaveletsT. Mala, T.V. Geetha, Sathish Kumar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 839
LP-TPOP: Integrating Planning and Scheduling Through ConstraintProgramming
Yuechang Liu, Yunfei Jiang . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 844
Integrating Insurance Services, Trust and Risk Mechanisms intoMulti-agent Systems
Yuk-Hei Lam, Zili Zhang, Kok-Leong Ong . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 849
Cat Swarm OptimizationShu-Chuan Chu, Pei-wei Tsai, Jeng-Shyang Pan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 854
Heuristic Information Based Improved Fuzzy Discrete PSO Methodfor Solving TSP
Bin Shen, Min Yao, Wensheng Yi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 859
Automated Reasoning
A Network Event Correlation Algorithm Based on Fault FiltrationQiuhua Zheng, Yuntao Qian, Min Yao . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 864
CPR Localization Using the RFID Tag-FloorJung-Wook Choi, Dong-Ik Oh, Seung-Woo Kim . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 870
Development of a Biologically-Inspired Mesoscale RobotAbdul A. Yumaryanto, Jaebum An, Sangyoon Lee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 875
Timed Petri-Net(TPN) Based Scheduling Holon and Its Solution witha Hybrid PSO-GA Based Evolutionary Algorithm(HPGA)
Fuqing Zhao, Yahong Yang, Qiuyu Zhang, Huawei Yi . . . . . . . . . . . . . 880
Recognition Rate Prediction for Dysarthric Speech Disorder Via SpeechConsistency Score
Prakasith Kayasith, Thanaruk Theeramunkong,Nuttakorn Thubthong . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 885
An Emotion-Driven Musical Piece Generator for a ConstructiveAdaptive User Interface
Roberto Legaspi, Yuya Hashimoto, Masayuki Numao . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 890
An Adaptive Inventory Control Model for a Supply Chain withNonstationary Customer Demands
Jun-Geol Baek, Chang Ouk Kim, Ick-Hyun Kwon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 895
XXII Table of Contents
Context-Aware Product Bundling Architecture in UbiquitousComputing Environments
Hyun Jung Lee, Mye M. Sohn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 901
A Relaxation of a Semiring Constraint Satisfaction Problem UsingCombined Semirings
Louise Leenen, Thomas Meyer, Peter Harvey, Aditya Ghose . . . . . . . . 907
Causal Difference Detection Using Bayesian NetworksTomoko Murakami, Ryohei Orihara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 912
Tabu Search for Generalized Minimum Spanning Tree ProblemZhenyu Wang, Chan Hou Che, Andrew Lim . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 918
Evolutionary Computing
Investigation of Brood Size in GP with Brood Recombination Crossoverfor Object Recognition
Mengjie Zhang, Xiaoying Gao, Weijun Lou, Dongping Qian . . . . . . . . 923
An Immune Algorithm for the Optimal Maintenance of NewConsecutive-Component Systems
Y.-C. Hsieh, P.-S. You . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 929
Immune Genetic Algorithm and Its Application in Optimal Designof Intelligent AC Contactors
Li-an Chen, Peiming Zhang . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 934
The Parametric Design Based on Organizational EvolutionaryAlgorithm
Chunhong Cao, Bin Zhang, Limin Wang, Wenhui Li . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 940
Buying and Selling with Insurance in Open Multi-agent MarketplaceYuk-Hei Lam, Zili Zhang, Kok-Leong Ong . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 945
Game
Ensemble Evolution of Checkers Players with Knowledge of Opening,Middle and Endgame
Kyung-Joong Kim, Sung-Bae Cho . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 950
Dynamic Game Level Design Using Gaussian Mixture ModelSangkyung Lee, Keechul Jung . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 955
Table of Contents XXIII
Machine Learning and Data Mining
Application Architecture of Data Mining in Telecom CustomerRelationship Management Based on Swarm Intelligence
Peng Jin, Yunlong Zhu, Sufen Li, Kunyuan Hu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 960
Mining Image Sequence Similarity Patterns in Brain ImagesHaiwei Pan, Xiaoqin Xie, Wei Zhang, Jianzhong Li . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 965
Weightily Averaged One-Dependence EstimatorsLiangxiao Jiang, Harry Zhang . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 970
SV-kNNC: An Algorithm for Improving the Efficiency of k-NearestNeighbor
Anantaporn Srisawat, Tanasanee Phienthrakul,Boonserm Kijsirikul . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 975
A Novel Support Vector Machine Metamodel for Business RiskIdentification
Kin Keung Lai, Lean Yu, Wei Huang, Shouyang Wang . . . . . . . . . . . . 980
Performing Locally Linear Embedding with Adaptable NeighborhoodSize on Manifold
Guihua Wen, Lijun Jiang, Jun Wen, Nigel R. Shadbolt . . . . . . . . . . . . 985
Stroke Number and Order Free Handwriting Recognition for NepaliK.C. Santosh, Cholwich Nattee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 990
Diagnosis Model of Radio Frequency Impedance Matching in PlasmaEquipment by Using Neural Network and Wavelets
Byungwhan Kim, Jae Young Park, Dong Hwan Kim,Seung Soo Han . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 995
Program Plagiarism Detection Using Parse Tree KernelsJeong-Woo Son, Seong-Bae Park, Se-Young Park . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1000
Determine the Optimal Parameter for Information Bottleneck MethodGang Li, Dong Liu, Yangdong Ye, Jia Rong . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1005
Optimized Parameters for Missing Data ImputationShichao Zhang, Yongsong Qin, Xiaofeng Zhu, Jilian Zhang,Chengqi Zhang . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1010
Expediting Model Selection for Support Vector Machines Basedon an Advanced Data Reduction Algorithm
Yu-Yen Ou, Guan-Hau Chen, Yen-Jen Oyang . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1017
XXIV Table of Contents
Study of the SMO Algorithm Applied in Power System LoadForecasting
Jingmin Wang, Kanzhang Wu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1022
Filtering Objectionable Image Based on Image ContentZhiwei Jiang, Min Yao, Wensheng Yi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1027
MRA Kernel Matching Pursuit MachineQing Li, Licheng Jiao, Shuyuan Yang . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1032
Multiclass Microarray Data Classification Using GA/ANN MethodTsun-Chen Lin, Ru-Sheng Liu, Ya-Ting Chao, Shu-Yuan Chen . . . . . 1037
Texture Classification Using Finite Ridgelet Transform and SupportVector Machines
Yunxia Liu, Yuhua Peng, Xinhong Zhou . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1042
Reduction of the Multivariate Input Dimension Using PrincipalComponent Analysis
Jianhui Xi, Min Han . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1047
Designing Prolog Semantics for a Class of ObservablesLingzhong Zhao, Tianlong Gu, Junyan Qian, Guoyong Cai . . . . . . . . . 1052
A Fingerprint Capture System and the Corresponding Image QualityEvaluation Algorithm Based on FPS200
Hong Huang, Jianwei Li, Wei He . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1058
Multi-agent Motion Tracking Using the Particle Filter in ISpacewith DINDs
TaeSeok Jin, ChangHoon Park, Soo-hong Park . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1063
Combining Multiple Sets of Rules for Improving Classification ViaMeasuring Their Closenesses
Yaxin Bi, Shengli Wu, Xuming Huang, Gongde Guo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1068
Industrial Applications
Multiple SVMs Enabled Sales Forecasting Support SystemYukun Bao, Zhitao Liu, Rui Zhang, Wei Huang . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1073
The Application of B-Spline Neurofuzzy Networks for ConditionMonitoring of Metal Cutting Tool
Pan Fu, A.D. Hope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1078
Table of Contents XXV
Simplified Fuzzy-PID Controller of Data Link Antenna Systemfor Moving Vehicles
Jong-kwon Kim, Soo-hong Park,TaeSeok Jin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1083
Neuron Based Nonlinear PID ControlNing Wang, Jinmei Yu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1089
Information Retrieval
An Image Retrieval System Based on Colors and Shapes of ObjectsKuo-Lung Hong, Yung-Fu Chen, Yung-Kuan Chan,Chung-Chuan Cheng . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1094
A Hybrid Mood Classification Approach for Blog TextYuchul Jung, Hogun Park, Sung Hyon Myaeng . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1099
Modeling and Classification of Audio Signals Using Gradient-BasedFuzzy C-Means Algorithm with a Mercer Kernel
Dong-Chul Park, Chung Nguyen Tran, Byung-Jae Min,Sancho Park . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1104
A Quick Rank Based on Web StructureHongbo Liu, Jiaxin Wang, Zehong Yang, Yixu Song . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1109
A Biologically-inspired Computational Model for Perceiving the TROIsfrom Texture Images
Woobeom Lee, Wookhyun Kim . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1114
A Computer-Assisted Environment on Referential Understandingto Enhance Academic Reading Comprehension
Wing-Kwong Wong, Jian-Hau Lee, Yu-Fen Yang, Hui-Chin Yeh,Chin-Pu Chiao, Sheng-Cheng Hsu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1119
An Object-Oriented Framework for Data Quality Managementof Enterprise Data Warehouse
Li Wang, Lei Li . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1125
Natural Language Processing
Extending HPSG Towards HDS as a Fragment of pCLLErqing Xu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1130
XXVI Table of Contents
Chinese Multi-document Summarization Using Adaptive Clusteringand Global Search Strategy
Dexi Liu, Yanxiang He, Donghong Ji, Hua Yang,Zhao Wu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1135
Genetic Algorithm Based Multi-document SummarizationDexi Liu, Yanxiang He, Donghong Ji, Hua Yang . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1140
MaxMatcher: Biological Concept Extraction Using ApproximateDictionary Lookup
Xiaohua Zhou, Xiaodan Zhang, Xiaohua Hu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1145
Bootstrapping Word Sense Disambiguation Using Dynamic WebKnowledge
Yuanyong Wang, Achim Hoffmann . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1150
Automatic Construction of Object Oriented Design Models [UMLDiagrams] from Natural Language Requirements Specification
G.S. Anandha Mala, G.V. Uma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1155
A Multi-word Term Extraction SystemJisong Chen, Chung-Hsing Yeh, Rowena Chau . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1160
Neural Networks
A Multiscale Self-growing Probabilistic Decision-Based Neural Networkfor Segmentation of SAR Imagery
Xian-Bin Wen, Hua Zhang, Zheng Tian . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1166
Face Detection Using an Adaptive Skin-Color Filter and FMM NeuralNetworks
Ho-Joon Kim, Tae-Wan Ryu, Juho Lee, Hyun-Seung Yang . . . . . . . . . 1171
GA Optimized Wavelet Neural NetworksJinhua Xu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1176
The Optimal Solution of TSP Using the New Mixture Initializationand Sequential Transformation Method in Genetic Algorithm
Rae-Goo Kang, Chai-Yeoung Jung . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1181
Steering Law Design for Single Gimbal Control Moment GyroscopesBased on RBF Neural Networks
Zhong Wu, Wusheng Chou, Kongming Wei . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1186
Table of Contents XXVII
Automatic Design of Hierarchical RBF Networks for SystemIdentification
Yuehui Chen, Bo Yang, Jin Zhou . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1191
Dynamically Subsumed-OVA SVMs for Fingerprint ClassificationJin-Hyuk Hong, Sung-Bae Cho . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1196
Design on Supervised / Unsupervised Learning Reconfigurable DigitalNeural Network Structure
In Gab Yu, Yong Min Lee, Seong Won Yeo, Chong Ho Lee . . . . . . . . . 1201
Car Plate Localization Using Pulse Coupled Neural Networkin Complicated Environment
Ming Guo, Lei Wang, Xin Yuan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1206
A Split-Step PSO Algorithm in Predicting Construction LitigationOutcome
Kwok-wing Chau . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1211
Computer Vision
An Efficient Unsupervised MRF Image Clustering MethodYimin Hou, Lei Guo, Xiangmin Lun . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1216
Robust Gaze Estimation for Human Computer InteractionKang Ryoung Park . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1222
A New Iris Control Mechanism for Traffic Monitoring SystemYoung Sung Soh, Youngtak Kwon, Yakun Wang . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1227
Invariant Object Recognition Using Circular Pairwise ConvolutionalNetworks
Choon Hui Teo, Yong Haur Tay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1232
Face Detection Using Binary Template Matching and SVMQiong Wang, Wankou Yang, Huan Wang, Jingyu Yang,Yujie Zheng . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1237
Gain Field Correction Fast Fuzzy c-Means Algorithm for SegmentingMagnetic Resonance Images
Jingjing Song, Qingjie Zhao, Yuanquan Wang, Jie Tian . . . . . . . . . . . 1242
LVQ Based Distributed Video Coding with LDPC in Pixel DomainAnhong Wang, Yao Zhao, Hao Wang . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1248
XXVIII Table of Contents
Object Matching Using Generalized Hough Transform and ChamferMatching
Tai-Hoon Cho . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1253
Author Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1259