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August/September 2009 | LED Journal 3
2009
www.ledjournal.com
Case Study: A Spectacular Displayof Light, Sound and Movement
page 17
The New Class of Light with OSRAM OSLON SSL LED . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4The new ultra-white OSLON SSL LED from Osram Opto Semiconductors may be small in size at 3mm by 3 mm, but it’s big on performance. Using the latest chip technology, the 1 W OSLON SSLLED achieves a brightness and luminous efficiency of 100 lm/W.
National Semiconductor Introduces High-Side Dual LED Flash Driver. . .8National Semiconductor Corp. has introduced a high-side LED driver that enables dual LED opera-tion for the camera flash function in portable, battery-powered multimedia devices. The LM3554drives one or two high-current LEDs for flash applications in handheld devices such as mobile phones,smartphones and portable scanners.
LED Technology Relies on Polycarbonate from Bayer MaterialScience. . 13Borealis Lighting’s patented PolyBrite polymer and light transmitting technology is a unique poly-mer/LED combination that conducts, angles and radiates a light source through the polymer lensmaterial illuminated by LEDs.
W2 Architectural Lighting Introduces VAMP LED Track Fixtures . . . . .15W2 Architectural Lighting has introduced VAMP LED Spotlights, a new series of track fixtures devel-oped specifically for the specification market. W2 Architectural Lighting, a division of WAC Lighting,is a manufacturer and designer of specification grade products for the architectural markets.
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MMAATTEERRIIAALLSS,, TTEESSTTIINNGG && MMAANNUUFFAACCTTUURRIINNGG
LLEEDDSS
2009 Annual Resource Guide. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21Industry News. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38Calendar of Events . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38Ad Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
On the cover:
August/September Issue
page 10 page 13
Case Study: A Spectacular Display of Light, Sound and Movement. . . . .17Standardization for LEDs and Solid State Lighting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19Innovative Power Reduction Techniques Enable Handset ManufacturersTo Provide Media Rich Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32OLED Display Technology Capabilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34Integrating Power, Control Offers Flexibility and Simplicity for LightingApplications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36
page 17
page 17
page 6
JournalThe Magazine of Solid-State Lighting
The New Class of Light with OSRAM OSLON SSL LED The new ultra-white OSLON SSL LED from Osram Opto Semiconductors uses the latest chip tech-
nology to achieve a brightness and luminous efficiency of 100 lm/W.The OSLON SSL LED meets the required standard for gener-
al lighting usage and is reliably efficient, even at high currents.Because of its beam angle of 80°, it is well suited for injectinglight into external lenses. The OSLON SSL LED is well suited forspotlights, desk lights and ceiling floodlights.
“Its ability to handle high currents efficiently enables our cus-tomers to create energy-efficient and cost-saving lighting solu-tions,” said Brian Terao, Director of SSL at Osram OptoSemiconductors, Inc. “The OSLON SSL LED has all the attrib-utes to become the ‘green’ light source of the future.”
The OSLON SSL LED has a low thermal resistance of 7K/W,which simplifies thermal management. Its compact size givesdesigners the flexibility to create extremely sophisticated solu-tions. In designs where more light is needed, several OSLON SSLLEDs can be combined to form a cluster. In addition to ultra-white (5,700 K to 6,500 K), the LED will be available this sum-mer in neutral white and warm white with a color temperatureranging from 2,700 K to 4,500 K.
Manufactured with the latest chip technology, the OSLON SSLLED has an operating current of 350 mA, which enables the light source to achieve a typical brightnessof 110 lm in ultra-white (5,700 K and 6,500 K), and a maximum possible luminous flux of 130 lm atpresent. At an operating current of 350 mA and a color temperature of 3,000 K, the OSLON SSL LEDcan achieve efficiency of 75 lm/W and a brightness of 85 lm. Additionally, brightness is 155 lm at anoperating current of 700 mA (warm white). At these performance levels, the OSLON SSL LED canmeet the demand for high-lighting levels using fewer LEDs with currents up to 1 A.
Cree Introduces IPx5-Rated Tri-Color LED for Full-Color DisplaysCree, Inc. has released the first commercially available water-resistant, surface-mount, high-brightness
LEDs for outdoor video screens. This RGB LED has an IPx5 rating, indicating that the LED is pro-tected against low-pressure jets of water from all directions.
“We’ve developed a water-resistant, red-green-blue LED thatcan be used in indoor and outdoor video screen applications,”said Paul Thieken, Cree director of Marketing, LED compo-nents. “Previously, LEDs had to be encapsulated to protectthem from water. By incorporating encapsulation at the LEDlevel, we can help our customers save time and money.”
“Displ’aire, working with Cree, is changing the rules forLED displays,” says Leo Stearns, Displ’aire’s CEO. “Cree’sinvolvement started with us early in our development cycle,and they provided the support we needed to rapidly deploy ournew technologies. Displ’aire portable, daylight-visible displaysand the new water-resistant Cree LEDs are a perfect technolo-gy match for creating brighter, more efficient displays that can better stand up to the elements.”
The ScreenMaster CLV6A-FKB features a black face for improved contrast in full-color video screens,decorative lighting and amusement applications. It has a unique encapsulation resin with UV-inhibitors,minimizing the effects of long-term exposure to direct sunlight which helps to improve the stability ofthe light-output over the life of the LED. It also features a unique matched horizontal radiation pattern-enhancing color mixing and pixel-to-pixel color consistency.
Luminus Introduces CSM-360 White PhlatLight LED for High-OutputLighting Applications
Luminus Devices, Inc. has introduced the CSM-360-W PhlatLight LED, the newest in a series ofwhite LEDs designed specifically for general lighting applications. The CSM-360-W combines thebenefits of large monolithic chips in a multi-chip configuration to deliver a Chip-on-Board LED pack-age capable of delivering 6,000 lumens. This new class of LEDs enables a variety of lighting applica-tions not previously possible with traditional LEDs, and as a result fixture manufacturers are now ableto target 10,000 lumens and higher applications with as few as two PhlatLight LED packages.
4 LED Journal | August/September 2009 www.ledjournal.com
LEDsLEDs
Volume 4, Issue 4Editor & Publisher
David Webster
Director of ContentShannon M. Given
Associate EditorNick Depperschmidt
Assistant EditorsHeather Krier, Joanna Larez
News EditorsJessi Albers, Sue Hannebrink,Jeremy Fleming, Laura Mayo
Director of Support Services/CirculationMarc Vang
Databases/DirectoriesRoss Webster
Advertising Sales and MarketingLaura Mayo, Account Executive
Jennifer Graham, Marketing Assistant
Production ManagerJulie Hammond
AdministrationMarsha Grillo, Director
Julie Williams, Office Manager
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JournalThe Magazine of Solid-State Lighting
“The CSM-360-W has a lumen output range that provides industry-lead-ing efficiency and delivers a new level ofperformance not previously realized ina single LED package,” said ChadStalker, director of Product Marketingand Business Development for theLighting Business Group at LuminusDevices. “In addition to thePhlatLight LED benefits of simpli-fied fixture design with fewerLEDs and corresponding opticsand drivers, the CSM-360-W alsoprovides a package platform mak-ing it possible to service andupgrade the LED itself insteadof replacing the whole fixture.”
The CSM-360-W is uniquein several ways. It consists offour separate monolithic chips, each with a light-emitting surface of ninesquare millimeters in size, closely packed in a single Chip-on-Board pack-age. The CSM-360-W produces more than 3,600 lumens at high efficacyand more than 6,000 lumens at high output. PhlatLight LEDs are mercu-ry-free, highly reliable and provide a lifetime of 60,000 hours with lumenmaintenance of greater than 70 percent.
Seoul Semiconductor Launches Commercial Salesof New 120 lm/W Patented Product for Lighting
Seoul Semiconductor has launched its 120 lm/W high-efficiency, SMDtype LED for general purpose lighting.
Unlike existing Chip LED devices,the LCW100Z1 delivers more than120 lm/W with an enhanced pri-mary optic. Also, combined withthe metal substrate, luminous effi-ciency is improved substantiallycompared to the typical TopView LED. Enhanced heattransfer dramatically improvesefficiency. The patentedLCW100Z1 shows remark-able value with pricing com-parable to similar-sizedChip LED’s that can toler-ate only half of the current of the LCW100Z1.
As an ultra-thin LED with dimensions of 3.5 mm by 2.8 mm by 1.6 mm,the LCW100Z1 delivers up to 7.8 lm (at 0.06 W) at the low current of 20mA, and 14.3 lm 40 mA with a viewing angle of 120° in cool white.Another strength of the LCW100Z1 is that its reliability is improved by theoptimized thermal design yielding the efficiency needed for indoor andoutdoor lighting.
The new LCW100Z1 product comes in three ranges of correlated colortemperature’s (CCT) including pure white, warm white and natural white.Samples of the LCW100Z1 were already received favorably by leadinglighting appliance manufacturers around the world. As it can immediatelyreplace the existing Top View LED, the LCW100Z1 is expected to bewidely adopted for tube-type fluorescent lamps and surface light sourcelamps. The LCW100Z1 is also anticipated to serve as a catalyst for expand-ing the LED lighting market as it allows lighting manufacturers to producea variety of lighting devices. In some instances using fewer, higher powerdevices has proven too costly and not provided a homogeneous light pat-tern without an expensive and complex optic.
QuasarBrite Narrow Beam SMT LEDs ProvideDecrease in Light Angle for High-Intensity Applications
Lumex has launched its QuasarBrite Narrow Beam SMT LEDs provid-ing users with a tight beam of high-intensity red, green or blue light.Compared to traditional SMT LEDs, these Narrow Beam SMT LEDsallow for a 93 percent reduction in beam angle, making the technology wellsuited for medical device, security, sensor and visible lighting applicationsthat require concentrated, high-intensity light.
“Despite their many advantages, SMT LEDs traditionally could not pro-vide a narrow beam of light without the use of external optics,” said JeffOliveros, director of Engineering, at Lumex. “Thanks to QuasarBriteNarrow Beam SMTLEDs, this is nolonger the case.Whereas traditionalSMT LEDs offereda light beam of ±45to ±85 degrees,QuasarBrite NarrowBeam SMT LEDsprovide a light beamof ±6 to ±10degrees, up to a 93percent reduction inbeam angle.”
With QuasarBrite Narrow Beam SMT LEDs, the LED is mounted upsidedown and shines directly into an internal parabolic reflector providing high-intensity brightness in a narrow beam of light without the need for externaloptics. As such, QuasarBrite Narrow Beam SMT LEDs can provide a 50percent cost savings and 50 percent real estate savings when compared totraditional SMT LEDs that rely on external optics to achieve a tight beam oflight. The elimination of the need for external optics also significantly sim-plifies manufacturing processes, resulting in additional cost savings.
The internal parabolic reflector also collimates the light into a beam,allowing high-intensity light to be produced by a standard LED withstandard energy consumption of 75 mW or less. A typical SMT may havea brightness of 1 cd with a view angle of ±45 degrees. QuasarBriteNarrow Beam SMT LEDs provide an intensity up to 100 cd at a viewangle of ±6 degrees.
The RoHs compliant QuasarBrite Narrow Beam SMT LEDs are avail-able in the following sizes: 4 mm (provides beam angle of 12° to 22°); 6mm (provides beam angles of 14° to 24°); and 8 mm (provides beam angleof 14° to 18°).
Samples of these devices are available from stock, with custom produc-tion quantities in eight to 10 weeks and standard production quantities ineight to 10 weeks. Pricing is dependent on quantity ordered, and is approx-imately $1.70 to $7.20 per unit in production quantities dependent on size,color and quantity ordered.
6 LED Journal | August/September 2009 www.ledjournal.com
LEDsLEDs
arrays, modules & components
8 LED Journal | August/September 2009 www.ledjournal.com
National Semiconductor Introduces High-Side DualLED Flash Driver
National Semiconductor Corp. has introduced a high-side LED driverthat enables dual LED operation for the camera flash function in portable,battery-powered multimedia devices. The LM3554, a member ofNational’s PowerWise energy-efficient product family, drives one or twohigh-current LEDs for flash applications in handheld devices such asmobile phones,smartphones andportable scanners.
Traditional LEDflash drivers sink cur-rent from a singlehigh-current LEDback into the driverresulting in signifi-cant heat dissipationinto the driver IC andreduced system relia-bility. The LM3554’s dual LED, high-side current-drive architecture sourcesregulate current into two LEDs with cathodes connected directly to theground. This ground connection provides more effective thermal dissipa-tion while minimizing routing complexity and protecting sensitive circuitry.Due to nonlinearity of LED light output versus LED current, the dual LEDarchitecture consumes less power for the same light output as a single LED.In addition, monitoring pins enable detection of other high currentdemands in the system, adaptively throttling the LED current to avoid draw-ing excessive battery current, which can cause faults or harm the system.
The LM3554 is offered in a 16-pin micro SMD package. A completeboost converter solution for LED flash using National’s LM3554 measuresless than 23 mm2.
National’s LM3554 flash LED driver is a fixed-frequency, step-up DC-DC converter with two regulated current sources capable of driving loadsup to 1.2 A from a single-cell Li-Ion battery.
The LM3554 drives the LEDs in a high-power flash mode for still pho-tography or a low-power torch mode for video recording. To configure thedriver, designers can adjust the flash current levels and timer durations viaan I2C compatible interface. The LM3554 features built-in time-out pro-tection to protect the flash LEDs in case of a fault condition.
National’s LM3554 features an adjustable switch current limit for the useof small inductors with low saturation currents. The voltage mode offers a5 V rail, which can be used for backlight LEDs and audio amplifier supplies.One or more high-current LEDs can be driven either in a high-power flashmode or a lower-power torch mode controlled by either an internal registeror the strobe and TX pins. A GPIO pin adds a separate hardware controlresource to the system. The hardware reset pin offers full control over thedevice in the case of I2C communication failure. Additional featuresinclude internal soft-start to eliminate large in-rush currents during start-upand fast switching frequency, allowing for the use of small external compo-nents. National’s LM3554 is priced at $2.32 in 1,000-unit quantities.
Illumra LED Dimmers Provide Ultra SmoothWireless Dimming
Illumra Self-powered Wireless Controls has introduced the 65,000 dimstep 24 VDC wireless LED dimmer along with its new wireless 0 to 10 Vdimmer. The new wireless devices provide smooth LED dimming at alllight levels. The wireless dimmers provide users the ability to adjust lightlevels to their preferences and allow the use of energy saving LED lightswith the convenience of quality dimming control.
The Illumra wireless 24 VDC LED dimmer eliminates the issue ofchoppiness at low dim levels. Through the use of thousands of PWM dim-
ming steps, the Illumra LED Dimmer creates what is perceived by the nat-ural eye as a single continuous dim, even at low light levels. The dimmercan drive 12 V or 24 V LED fixtures and loads requiring up to 5 amps ofcurrent. The dimmer can be controlled from any switch wired to its localcontrol input, in addition to Illumra battery-free, wireless light switches.
The 0 to 10 V dimmer is used to control dimmable LED power suppliesor dimmable fluorescent ballasts. In addition to its industry-standard 0 to10 V output, the dimmer conveniently provides a fully isolated switch out-put driver. The driver can be used to control an external relay, contactor orpower-pack, completely disconnecting the load when it's not in use, there-by achieving maximum energy savings.
The wireless capability of the new Illumra dimmers allow users to con-trol or dim lights using self-powered wireless light sensors, wireless occu-pancy sensors, wireless light switches or other Illumra wireless transmit-ters. This means the dimmers are able to be used in a variety of applica-tions such as architecturaldimming, daylighting, loadshedding, manual ON /automatic OFF control andmore. The dimmers candim lights in response towireless light sensors indi-cating when natural light isavailable. They can also turnoff or dim lights in vacantrooms or hallways byresponding to signals fromwireless motion sensors.Additionally, the dimmerscan be manually controlledwith self-powered wireless switches.
Each dimmer has an input for a wired 24 V sensor, stores up to 30 wire-less switches or sensors in its memory and may function as a repeater foruse in Illumra wireless control networks. The Illumra LED dimmers areFCC/IC approved and RoHS compliant to minimize the environmentalimpact over the life cycle of the products.
LED Drivers Provide Up to 85 Percent Energy SavingsAmerican Ballast, a commercial and residential power solutions compa-
ny, has developed a line of energy efficient LED drivers. Enablingadvancements in LED lighting, the LED drivers can provide up to 85 per-cent energy savings in a wide range of indoor and outdoor lighting appli-cations such as street lights, indoor down lights, ceiling lights, displays andchannel lighting.
Featuring Instant Starttechnology with parallelcircuit configuration, theLED drivers are engi-neered to outperformother Instant Start driv-ers. The operating tem-perature range is -20ºCup to 70ºC, eliminatingthe concern for use inharsh or cold weatherenvironments. The LEDdriver is protected forfailure with over voltage and current protection. In the case where the driv-er does short circuit, the advanced engineering provides for auto-recoveryand return to full power.
Well suited for parallel and series configurations, American Ballasts’
arrays, modules & components
arrays, modules & components
10 LED Journal | August/September 2009 www.ledjournal.com
LED driver family is IP20 and IP66 rated for dry and wet locations. Inaddition, the LED driver offers enhanced design functions including thecapability to create versatile lighting effects with the dimming capabilitiesand light distribution control for each LED built into the fixture.
Each driver is 95 mm by 76 mm by 32 mm and have an AC input of 110VAC. Operating levels range from 160 VAC to 304 VAC and have beentested to ensure a current accuracy level of 1 percent and load regulationof 3 percent. Customers are guaranteed a high-performance driver thatmeets EMC, FCC, RoHS and government safety standards. All AmericanBallast lighting solutions are UL & CuL recognized.
With the development of advanced thermal technology the drivers areguaranteed to maintain a high-level of performance and long operation.American Ballast offers a three-year or 100,000 hours warranty.
ERG Offers LED Drivers for SSL Luminaires Endicott Research Group (ERG) is developing new LED driver solu-
tions for the solid state lighting market. Leveraging technology developedfor its CCFL inverters and LED backlight drivers, ERG will be introduc-ing a family of Smart Force LED drivers that combine full-function powersupplies with energy-efficient controllers for commercial, industrial, archi-tectural and otherSSL applications.
ERG’s Smart ForceSSL drivers will offer1 W to 200 W unitpower for driving sin-gle or multiple LEDstrings. Standard fea-tures include universalinput (85 V to 277 Vat 50 Hz or 60 Hz),power factor, correc-tion of 0.90 or betterto maximize circuit efficiency and minimize power consumption, constantcurrent with extremely low ripple to eliminate thermal issues and visible arti-facts, high efficiency (90 percent) to help luminaires meet Energy Star ratings,MTBF of more than 50,000 hours, and a three-year warranty.
The drivers will be available as standard, off-the shelf product or in cus-tom designs. ERG will maintain a full in-house engineering staff at its USheadquarters to meet virtually any special application requirement.
Optek Develops White LED Assembly with HighLumen Output and Improved Thermal Resistance
Providing lighting designers with a high-brightness, long lasting LEDlighting solution, TT electronics Optek Technology has expanded its offer-ing of star-shaped LED assemblies. Designated the Optimal XIV Starseries, the assemblies feature multiple white LEDs with a luminous fluxrange up to 650 lm, while the design provides improved thermal perform-ance by recessing its multiple die into a metal core PC board.
“With the exceptional thermal resistance of just 1.8°C from junction toheatsink, the assemblies are able to operate brighter and last longer, whilealso minimizing the power output required,” said Alan Bennett, vice pres-ident of Sales for Optek Technology. “Due to their remarkable efficiency,the assemblies are being specified for use in applications ranging fromarchitectural lighting to portable flashlights.”
Additional applications for the Optimal XIV Star series LED assembliesinclude security and garden lighting, indoor and outdoor commercial light-ing, light guides and MR16 lighting.
Available with cool white, daylight white or warm white LEDs, theOptimal XIV Star series OV14Zxx-y LED assemblies feature multiple 1-
watt chips in arecessed cavity with anoptical grade 8mmdiameter lens. Typicalviewing angle for theLED assemblies is120°, with a typicalemitted CCT of 3,300K, 5,400 K and 6,500K, depending on LEDspecifications. Totalluminous flux,depending on device,ranges from 200 lm to 650 lm, with a maximum current drive range from700 mA to 1,400 mA, and forward voltage of 10.0 VF. Operating tem-perature ranges from -40°C to 85°C. Other specifications, including alter-native custom lens designs, are also available.
Typical pricing for the Optimal XIV Star series LED assemblies rangesfrom $15.45 to $28.96 in quantities of 1,000 pieces. Lead time, if stock isnot available, is from six to eight weeks.
New Schott Cold Light Sources Combine FiberOptics with LED Technology
Schott has expanded its renowned direct LED illumination VisiLEDand EasyLED series to include an additional product range, speciallydeveloped for use with fiber optic illumination components in the fieldof stereomicroscopy.
The development goal was to replace the previous standard fiber opticinstruments, the halogen KL200 (20 W) and KL1500 (150 W) lightsources, with the KL200 LED and KL1500 LED light sources, at a com-parable price level.
For the first time it is now possible to combine the high level of light inten-sity for small areas, key to applications in microscopy and only achievable withfiber optic light guides, with the advantages of an LED light source.
In comparison with the 400-hour performance of a halogen lamp, thehigh lifetime of 50,000 hours characteristic of LEDs and energy savingsof up to 80 percent, leadto considerably loweroperating costs andreduced downtimes. Thismakes it economicallyviable to replace existinghalogen appliances withthis new technology.
As the tried-and-test-ed light guide interfaceof the halogen sourcesremains unchangedusers can simplyexchange the lightsources and continue touse existing light guides.
The high-performance LEDs used generate neutral white light with acolor temperature of approximately 6,000 K. Daylight filters common inhalogen systems are not required and the intrusive change in color tem-perature when dimming halogen systems also no longer arises.
For users preferring the yellowish tinge of halogen lamps, an appropri-ate halogen filter is available in the KL1500 LED system.
All instruments are supplied with wide-range power supply units anduniversal connector systems, meaning they can be used worldwide with-out restrictions.
arrays, modules & components
LED Technology Relies on Polycarbonate fromBayer MaterialScience
Borealis Lighting’s patented PolyBrite polymer and light transmit-ting technology is a unique polymer/LED combination that conducts,angles and radiates a light sourcethrough the polymer lens materialilluminated by LEDs.
The lenses of several lamp productsfrom Borealis lighting for indoor andoutdoor illumination are molded fromBayer MaterialScience’s Makrolonpolycarbonate resin. Makrolon poly-carbonate offers advanced benefits forthis application. For example, it doesnot block as much light as other mate-rials and the higher light transmittanceallows the PolyBrite technology to use fewer LEDs.
Borealis Lighting uses Makrolon 6557 polycarbonate in its R20, PAR30and PAR38 lamps. The lamps are used in a variety of general lighting appli-cations, including residential, commercial and retail areas.
Each lamp offers an eco-friendly, energy-saving alternative to incandes-cent or compact fluorescent light (CFL) bulbs. The Borealis R20 LEDlamps are used for ambient illumination and down lighting of commonareas and work spaces, while the PAR30 and PAR38 LED lamps are usedfor ambient illumination and down lighting of larger spaces.
The Borealis lamps that feature Makrolon polycarbonate resin all providebrightness that is comparable to incandescent lamps, but with reduced glareand improved shock and vibration resistance. The PolyBrite combination ofpolymer and LEDs can be either extruded into a variety of light-scattering
shapes, or injection molded, depending on the particular application.“We are always happy to be able to provide materials ideal for applica-
tions like the Borealis Lighting LED lamps, innovative products of thefuture,” said Gerald DiBattista, market segment leader, IT,Electrical/Electronics Polycarbonates, Bayer MaterialScience LLC. “LEDlighting technology requires a material that can withstand the heat whileremaining strong, and offers high light transmittance and flame resistance.Makrolon 6557 polycarbonate offers those characteristics with the reliabil-ity and reputation of Bayer MaterialScience behind it.”
New Lithography System Provides Energy andEnvironmental Gains
Obducat’s has released its new lithography system, the Sindre 400. The sys-tem is fully automated for high volume manufacturing of LEDs. Sindre 400is a vital contribution to the devel-opment within CleanTech, since,because of greatly increased energyand material efficiency, it reducesthe use of natural resources.
“The LED lights manufacturedby the Sindre 400 system will beused in products such as LCD dis-plays, instrument panels, generallighting and cars,” said PatrikLundström, CEO, Obducat. “Inaddition to lower energy consumption compared with other types of lightsources, LEDs do not contain mercury or led while at the same time fea-turing a lifetime five times longer than today’s low energy light bulbs.”
August/September 2009 | LED Journal 13www.ledjournal.com
materials, testing & manufacturingmaterials, testing & manufacturing
August/September 2009 | LED Journal 15www.ledjournal.com
applications & integrations
W2 Architectural Lighting Introduces VAMP LEDTrack Fixtures
W2 Architectural Lighting has introduced VAMP LED Spotlights, a newseries of track fixtures developed specifically for the specification market.W2 Architectural Lighting, a division of WAC Lighting, is a manufacturerand designer of specifica-tion grade products forthe architectural markets.
Each track fixture iscrafted using heavy-duty,die-cast aluminum con-struction for an exact fit,durability and heat dissipa-tion. The heat sink andhousing design ensure thatheat is efficiently trans-ferred away from the LEDs, allowing for better thermal management. Thejunction box temperature is lower than the LED manufacturer-rated oper-ating temperature, thus ensuring 50,000 life with minimal color shift andlight loss. High-quality LEDs provide beams free of projected heat,infrared and ultraviolet rays and are perfect for illuminating heat or colorsensitive objects. All of these features result in lower operating and main-tenance costs for the end-user.
Designed with a clean, architectural look, the luminaires offer smoothcylindrical forms and silicone accents and a soft grip that is safe to thetouch. Each VAMP luminaire has aiming indicators and is lockable andadjustable in the field without tools, with a 350° horizontal rotation and a90° vertical tilt for precision aiming. The track adapter is heavy-duty ratedfor secure connection and heavy load. The state of the art LED luminairesare offered as 9 W, 18 W and 30 W models.
VAMP track heads are easily re-lamped from the front via the threadedmetal ring. Its closed back eliminates light leaks while threaded captiveaccessory-holders accommodate up to three filter mediums includinghexagon louvers, cross-blade louvers, dichroic lenses, UV, IR and UV/IRfilters, as well as hoods.
VAMP LED luminaires can be mounted to W2 single and two-circuittrack systems and are offered in three finishes: black, white and platinumwith black finishes.
Cooper Lighting Introduces LED ArchitecturalOutdoor Area Luminaire
Cooper Lighting has introduced the McGraw-Edison Generation LEDPost Top Luminaire, an energy-saving outdoor fixture that combines aes-thetics with improved photometric performance offering even and uni-form illumination without pixilation. The fixture’s modular LED lightengine, which is designed to deliver illumination comparable to a 100 WHID system while offering more than 50 percent in energy savings. Thelight engine can also be purchased separately for retrofit applications ofpre-existing Generation series HID fixtures. Well suited for residentialcommunities, office complexes, downtown streetscapes, roadways, out-door retail applications, city parks and school campuses, the post top lumi-naire also features modular fixture design flexibility and maintenance ease.
The Generation LED luminaire provides light output and distributioncomparable to a 100 W High Pressure Sodium luminaire. Producing 5,000lumens, the fixture provides excellent color rendering, a brilliant whitecolor temperature and low-glare. The optical design also yields effectivedistribution (Type III and Type V) focusing light on the task at handinstead of producing wasteful and uncontrolled illumination.
To respond to curfew compliance regulatory needs, calling for alternat-ing site lighting luminaires to be turned off to accomplish power reductionat the close of business, the Generation Bi-level Switching (2L) option pro-
vides a uniform 50 percent power reduction while maintaining critical-to-safety site lighting uniformity levels so visibility and security aren’t com-promised. In addition, the Generation series LED Luminaire incorporatesa unique house side/street side (2H) dimming option that allows inde-pendent operation of the house side and the street side of the distribution.This option reduces the light level on the house side of the fixture byroughly 40 percent and results in a further 50 percent savings in energyconsumption when dimmed.
The McGraw-Edison Generation LED series’ modular design allows formixing of bases, cage assemblies,tops and finials to achieve over 100different looks and styles to offer amultitude of both traditional andcontemporary forms to meet evolv-ing market needs. For HID retrofitapplications, the form and functionof the product remains unchangedwith the implementation of theLED technology.
The ease of maintenance was aleading design consideration for theGeneration Series. Unique mainte-nance features include a twist lockassembly option offering instantaccess to both the lamp and base bysimply twisting the top assembly outof its mating lock plate. The ballast/LED driver assembly is mounted on aremovable tray with quick disconnects for ease of installation when retro-fitting and maintenance.
applications & integrations
August/September 2009 | LED Journal 17www.ledjournal.com
applications & integrations
PAR30-Style LED Bulb Uses 9 WattsTo Replace 50 to 75-Watt Halogens
LEDtronics has released the latest addition toits series of high-power PAR30-style LED spot-light bulbs. The white-body, medium-beamPAR30 LED bulb is made up of five 3-wattLEDs and replaces filament-based PAR30 bulbs,combining LED technologies, standard 26 mmEdison screw-in base and light optimizingdesign, producing 337 lumens of vivid warm-white light.
The 25°-beam PAR30A LED bulb runs on avoltage range of 85 V to 260 VAC current, andthus can be used anywhere in the world. Othervoltages like 12 VAC or DC are optionally avail-able for qualifying customers. The ruggedLEDtronics PAR30A-style lamp is a directscrew-in replacement for 50 W to 75 W PAR30incandescent or halogen bulbs, but typically hasa maximum power draw of 8.5 watts. ThePAR30A LED lamp is available in 3,000 K warmwhite color temperature, provides about 40lumens per watt (at 141 mA), and has a highcolor-rendering index of 83.
Designed for customers requiring the highestlevels of brightness and efficacy, the new white-body PAR30A bulb has a wide range of applica-tions: recess or track lighting, accent lighting,general area lighting, architectural and landscapelighting, display-case fixtures and cabinet light-ing, signage spotlighting and backlighting, aero-space lighting systems, industrial OEM equip-ment lighting, biomedical applications, andtruck-bay dock lighting.
The LEDtronics PAR-30A bulb complieswith RoHS, the lead-free and mercury-freedirective, as well as the CE safety assurance. It issuited for use with alternative or renewable ener-gy resources – solar and wind power. Since itproduces no harmful ultraviolet or infrared rays,it reduces light pollution, and it is compatiblewith the international “dark skies” initiative.
applications & integrations
applicationfeatureCase Study: A Spectacular Display of Light, Sound and Movement
Perpignan’s fountain is a festival for the eyes conjuring the spirit of ancient fountains thatentertained and cooled city dwellers. But behind the mesmerizing visual dance of water andlight lie very modern, high technology Luxeon power LEDs. With 900 separate points of lightembedded in individual water jets, controlled centrally to provide routines that co-ordinate col-ored light, water and music, the new Perpignan city center fountains are a spectacular illustra-tion of the novel effects made possible with the use of power LEDs.
The lighting solutions for the new fountain were designed and built by Sacopa, a Spanish divi-sion of Fluidra that specializes in the development of LED lighting for aquatic applications.
Using LEDs permitted Sacopa’s design team to build a huge array of bright light sources –each of the installation’s 217 water jets has a Luxeon K2 LED embedded in it. This effect is noteconomically viable when using conventional light sources, since the short relamping intervals ofthese lights would give rise to crippling replacement and maintenance costs. The effect becomespractically impossible if relamping entails draining the fountain.
Sacopa expects their lighting solutions for the Perpignan fountains to last approximately 27years assuming five hours of use a day, 365 days a year.
Sacopa designed a stainless steel fixture made in the shape of a flower, which contains a tri-color LED luminaire and a water jet inside its stem. While the diffuse beam of light from incan-descent sources is hard to focus, the beam from the RGB LEDs is mixed and directed by a lensintegrated into the fixture with almost no light loss.
Each of the fixtures, which can produce 16,000,000 colors, is connected to a DMX network con-troller. LED light sources are more controllable than any other light source and Sacopa’s DMXcontroller uses the LEDs’ ability to be blinked, dimmed, flashed, and (in tri-color configurations)color-changed to produce routines in which this vast array of water jets leaps and dances in synchto music, with flashes or washes of light turning on and off, fading and changing color in time.
Behind the aesthetics of the lighting routines, however, is some very practical engineering.The metal flower housing, together with an aluminium heatsink underneath the LEDs, providesa good thermal conduction path from the LEDs. This is important because controlling theoperating heat at the LEDs below a certain threshold helps to maintain a high light output andextend operating lifetime.
The Luxeon K2 LEDs in Sacopa’s flowers operate at a typical junction temperature of 80°C(in air) and 70°C (when cooled by water) even though they are driven at a high 700 mA in orderto produce a strong beam. Since the Luxeon K2 LEDs used in the installation have a high tem-perature tolerance (a maximum rating for junction temperature of 150°C in the case of the red,and 185°C for the green and blue versions), the Sacopa fixtures are comfortably inside PhilipsLumileds’ recommended operating conditions. Perpignan, located on the shores of theMediterranean Sea, can enjoy daytime unshaded temperatures of up to 50°C, but extensiveproduct testing before installation showed that the luminaires’ performance would be unim-paired even on the hottest nights.
The thermal performance of the flower fixtures and of the Luxeon K2 LEDs also enhancesthe efficiency of the lights: at full power, each LED consumes 3 W and each RGB luminaireconsumes 11 W in total. Thus the complete installation consumes 9,900 W (maximum).Sacopa’s calculations show that a halogen-powered equivalent installation, producing the samelight intensity, would consume five times as much power.
Standardizationfeaturefeature
August/September 2009 | LED Journal 19www.ledjournal.com
By Jianzhong Jiao, Manager of Regulations and Emerging Technologies • Osram Opto Semiconductors, Inc.
By now, most of us have seen these tiny light-ing devices called LEDs. LEDs illuminate ourdaily lives. Where there is light, it is likely thatthere is, or there will be LEDs. From the cars wedrive, computers we use, televisions, displays, andbillboard lighting to the fixtures installed in ourwork places, stores, streets and our homes, LEDsare the light sources of the future. LEDs areoften described as the new generation of lightingdevices offering significant advantages in energy
savings, long life, environmental benefits, and in some cases improvingpublic safety.
An LED is defined, per ANSI / IESNA RP-16, as “A pn junction semi-conductor device that emits incoherent optical radiation when forwardbiased. The optical emission may be in the ultraviolet, visible or infraredwavelength regions.”
This very small device that emits light is undeniably, quickly and contin-ually expanding its penetration in the market, and in our lives. As with anynew technology, LEDs are generating public and government interest withmany questions to ask: are they safe and reliable? Are they environmental-ly friendly? What type of light do they emit? How do they compare withstandard and conventional light sources? Should they be standardized?
Why Do We Standardize LED Lighting? For simplicity’s sake we can say that there are two primary types of LED
light. LEDs that emit visible light are known as lighting devices. In gener-al the lighting devices serve two purposes, “To See” and “To Be Seen.” Thelighting devices that provide illumination to assist, enhance and improveour visibility, (to see) are called illuminating devices. The lighting devicesthat provide signal, marking or visual messages, (to be seen), are called sig-naling devices. Both illuminating and signaling functions can impact pub-lic safety. For example, in vehicular and transportation lightings, we needto be sure there is there sufficient light for drivers to see the road, or thesignals are adequate to be seen for the drivers and pedestrians to be safe todrive and avoid accidents. The need for public safety leads to the need tostandardize or regulate the lighting devices. Standardization of LED lightsources started in the automotive sector and is now happening in the gen-eral illumination sector as LEDs migrate into new applications. LEDs haveunique characteristics that differ from standard light sources such as incan-descent, discharge, and florescent lights and there is a need to have amethod by which to measure and compare the light sources.
The process of standardization involves both industries and govern-ments. Long before white LEDs became bright enough to be used as illu-minating devices, red, yellow, and green LEDs were introduced in auto-motive interior, and later exterior lighting applications, as well as for traf-fic signals. Safety drove the need for standardization to ensure LEDs wereused properly in automotive and traffic signal applications. Both the engi-neering community and the government regulatory agencies had a vestedinterest to be sure that LEDs were successful in these applications andhence the standards for LED lighting in these applications were estab-lished. As LEDs extended into the general illumination segment we see thesame pattern emerging in regard to the development of standards.
While automotive and traffic standards were developed with a focuson safety, the standards for general lighting applications are being drivenby the need for guidance of design and application references. The stan-dards will address product performance measures with regard to reliabil-
ity, durability and energy savings and will give LED users a platformfrom which to compare the performance of standard light sources withLED light sources.
Whether it is for public safety, consumers’ recognition, or marketacceptability, LED lighting standardization also serves the need for reduc-ing complexity, promoting consistency and fair competition in productdesign, development and application. As part of the modernization of anindustry, a standardized process can improve efficiency and effectiveness.LED lighting standardization is the next step in the more widespreadadoption of LEDs for the general illumination market.
Who Develops LED Lighting Standards?There are three types of organizations that are developing LED related
standards in the United States. Similar initiatives are underway on an inter-national basis.
Professional Organizations SocietiesIn these societies, group of professionals in the LED and lighting
fields voluntarily formed committees or working groups who aredeveloping specific standards based on their knowledge, experiences,and expertise. These committees or working groups typically include afew types of members. a) Producers – LED lighting component, sub-system and system manufactures, and material manufacturers; b) Users– the integrators, specifiers, designers and others who implement dif-ferent level of LED product integrations into final applications; and c)Others – include independent testing laboratories, human factor andvision experts, federal or state government agency representatives andindividuals who are knowledgeable and interested in the subject. Inprinciple, the members in the committees or working groups (exceptgovernment representatives) should only provide contributions basedon their individual expertise in their own fields, rather than their affil-iations or employers’ commercial or business purposes or interests.The societies that are actively involved in the LED-related standarddevelopment include Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE),Institute of Transportation Engineers (ITE), Illuminating EngineeringSociety North America (IESNA), and Institute of Electrical andElectronic Engineers (IEEE).
Standard OrganizationsSimilar to professional societies, the standard organizations are non-
profit with the purpose of establishing standards that ensure publicsafety, product consistency, and international harmonization andcooperation. The membership in the committees or working groups inthe standard organizations is similar to the professional organization,but often companies’ business interests are recognized. UnderwriterLaboratory (UL) and American National Standard Institute (ANSI) arethe organizations that currently develop LED lighting standards.
Trade OrganizationsDifferent from other two organizations, the members of the standard
committees and working groups can only come from the companies whoare the members of the trade associations. The number of representativesfrom companies must be balanced for the voting power in each commit-tee. Commercialism is often part of the standard development process.National Electronics Manufactures Association (NEMA) is currentlyactively developing LED lighting standards.
For Light Emitting DiodesAnd Solid-State Lighting
feature
20 LED Journal | August/September 2009 www.ledjournal.com
feature
In general, LED lighting standards are developed by these above organ-izations who are not governments, and standards should reflect the bestpractice and are implemented voluntarily by the industry. On the otherhand, the US governments, in both federal and state or local level, oftenestablish their corresponding regulations, rules, codes, or program specifi-cations for LED lighting, some are based on government research, safetyor energy policy. Often the government rules are mandatory especially ifthey relate to public safety. It has always been the industry’s best interestthat the government rules are consistent with industry standards, but inreality that is not always the case.
What Are LED Lighting Standards For?Any lighting standard including the ones for LEDs, whether it is
developed by a professional organization, a standard organization or atrade associate can be classified into one of the two categories, a) atesting standard; or b) a performance standard. Sometimes systemarchitecture can be considered as a type of standard, or can begrouped into performance standard. A testing standard addresses test-ing methodologies, procedures, testing equipment (including softwareand other technologies) used for testing. Some testing standards alsoaddress recommended testing results which can be used as perform-ance measures. A performance standard provides properties, charac-teristics, or other measurable that are required to perform to anacceptable level for safety, functionalities, reliability and other needs.Performance standards often also contain tests specified to evaluatethe performances.
For LED lighting, the standards can also be grouped into LED compo-nent level, and LED subsystem and system level such as luminaire or light-ing fixture standards, this applies for testing and for performance.
What Are LED Lighting Standards?Many LED lighting standards have been established by the above
organizations, yet many more are still under development. As LEDsrapidly penetrate the general illumination sector, professionals areworking diligently and with urgency to develop new LED lightingstandards. The challenge is steep, as all standards should have a scopeto define the purpose, intent and overall coverage of the subject, a listof references, a list of definitions for the terminologies used in thestandard, a rational and requirements for testing and /or performance.Depending on the subjects, the broad term of the standards can bepublished as: a) recommended practice, b) design guidelines, c) meas-urements, d) nomenclatures, and e) references (including technicalmemorandums, white papers and technical reports).
The following list highlights LED lighting standards within the USthat have been developed or under development. Because there aremany organizations involved in developing LED lighting standards.The standardization process can be grouped by the organization togain a clear overview.
IESNA Testing Procedure Committee (TPC) has developed two standards:1) IESNA LM-79, “Electrical and Photometric Measurements of Solid-State Lighting Products.” This is a subsystem and system level testing stan-dard; 2) IESNA LM-80, “Measuring Lumen Maintenance of LEDSource.” This is a component level testing standard. TPC is currentlydeveloping two new LED standards, one for high power LED measure-ment, another for measuring LED lamp or light engine lumen output tem-perature dependency. IESNA Roadway Lighting Committee (RLC) is cur-rently revising existing standards to address LED light source relatedspecifics, ANSI / IESNA PR-8, “Roadway Lighting,” and RP-20,“Lighting for Parking Facilities.” These are system level performance stan-dards. IESNA Lighting Source Committee (LSC) has published a docu-ment, IESNA TM-16, “Light Emitting Diode (LED) Source and System.”
IESNA Nomenclature has published an addendum for ANSI / IESNAPR-16, “Nomenclature and Definitions for Illuminating Engineering” toprovide definitions of the terminologies for LED lighting. The last twodocuments are references.
ANSI, with effort from joint working groups (C78-09 and C82-04), haspublished ANSI C78.388, “Specifications for the Chromaticity of SolidState Lighting Products”. This is a system level performance standard.
NEMA Solid-State Lighting Technical Committee has establishedone LED related white paper, NEMA LSD-44, “Solid State Lighting –The Need for a New Generation of Sockets & Interconnects.”Currently, the committee is working on several new NEMA standards,a) solid-state lighting driver, a subsystem level performance standard,b) LED binning, a component level performance standard, c) NEMApremium brand, a system level performance standard, d) solid-statelighting dimmer, a subsystem level performance standard. The com-mittee is also working on new white papers including NEMA LSD-45,“Recommendations for Solid State Lighting Sub-Assembly Interfacesfor Luminaires,” and an NEM-ALA (American Lighting Association)joint white paper, “Solid State Lighting – Definitions for Functionaland Decorative Applications.”
UL is continuing revising its outline of investigation and preparing toestablish a LED source safety standards, UL8750, “Standard for LightEmitting Diode (LED) Equipment for Use in Lighting Products.”
IEEE is developing a standard under IEEE PAR1789, “RecommendingPractices for Modulating Current in High Brightness LEDs for MitigatingHealth Risks to Viewers.”
These are the highlights of major LED lighting related standardiza-tion activities in the US. On an international basis, there is also signif-icant activity being carried out in Europe, Asia and other parts ofworld. Standard development is a complicated and lengthy process,often taking years, and it is based on the consensus of field experts inthe market. Because LED lighting is still a relatively new technology,and experience with product design, manufacturing, and applicationsin the general lighting arena are limited, it is challenging to reach to theconsensus needed for establishing corresponding industry standards.A standard should be objective, credible, consistent and useful to pro-viding guidance for users to design or use the products described. Astandard can’t be perfect, and often needs to be revised based on newpractices and findings. Thanks to industry experts who lend their timeand expertise to advancing the understanding of LED technology,standards are being established that will lead to more rapid and wideradoption of LED lighting for the general illumination market.
Dr. Jianzhong Jiao is the manager of Regulations and EmergingTechnologies at Osram Opto Semiconductors, Inc. Dr. Jiao is responsi-ble for representing Osram Opto Semiconductors in establishing andmaintaining regulatory standards for solid state lighting semiconductortechnology and for researching and exploring emerging semiconductortechnologies for sensing, illumination and visualization. Dr. Jiao wasrecently elected Chairman of the Next Generation Lighting IndustryAlliance (NGLIA). He is also the Chairman of NEMS ( National EnergyModeling System) SSL Section Technical Committee and a leader andmember of several working groups in ANSI, NEMA, IENSA and UL. Hecan be reached at [email protected].
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Assembly/Manufacturing Equipment. . .22Assembly/Manufacturing Services . . . .22Architecture/Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22Automotive. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22Backlighting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24Components. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24Connectors/Interfaces. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24Design/Engineering Services . . . . . . . . 24Diodes/Modules/Arrays. . . . . . . . . . . . . .26Displays. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26Drivers/Controllers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26Encapsulants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26Epitaxy/Fabrication Equipment. . . . . . . .26General Lighting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28Gels. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28ICs/Semiconductors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Instrumentation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28LED Chips . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28LEDs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28Lighting Fixtures/Systems . . . . . . . . . . .29Materials & Packaging . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29Medical . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29OLEDs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30Optics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30Power Supplies. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30Signage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30Software. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30Substrates. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30Test Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31Testing Services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
22 LED Journal | August/September 2009 www.ledjournal.com
Assembly/Manufacturing EquipmentASM Pacific Technology Ltd www.asmpacific.comCAO Group Inc www.caogroup.comEcogreen Solutions Inc. www.ecogreen.ccNavitar Inc www.navitar.comPalomar Technologies Inc www.palomartechnologies.comQuintel Corp www.quintelcorp.comRadionic www.radionic.netSphereOptics www.sphereoptics.comTeledyne Hastings Instruments www.teledyne-hi.comYokogawa Corp of America www.yokogawa.com/tm
Assembly/Manufacturing Services4D Optical LLC www.4doptical.comAmerican Bright Optoelectronics www.americanbrightled.comData Display Products (DDO) www.datadisplay.comEcogreen Solutions Inc. www.ecogreen.ccJ P Sercel Associates Inc www.jpsalaser.comLEDdynamics www.leddynamics.comLED Specialists, Inc. www.ledspecialists.comLight Emission Technology Ltd. www.ledemission.comMagna Sign International www.magnasign.comNu Horizons Electronics Corp www.nuhorizons.comRadiant Technology Corp www.radianttech.comSigncomplex Limited www.signcomplex.comStratedge Corp www.stratedge.comZarlink Semiconductor www.zarlink.com
Architecture/DesignAdvanced Lighting Systems Inc www.advancedlighting.comBivar, Inc. www.bivar.comCML Innovative Technologies Inc www.cml-it.comJustin Inc www.justininc.comKwality Photonics P Ltd www.kwalityindia.comLabsphere Inc www.labsphere.comLEDtronics, Inc. www.LEDtronics.comLuminus Devices Inc www.luminus.comOSRAM Opto Semiconductors GmbH www.osram-os.comQuantum Silicones Qsi www.quantumsilicones.comSigncomplex Limited www.signcomplex.comSloanLED Co www.sloanled.comTeka Illumination www.tekaillumination.comVersabright www.versabright.comWorld Electric Supply www.worldelectricsupply.comYole Development www.yole.frZetex Inc www.zetex.com
AutomotiveBayer MaterialScience LLC www.bayermaterialsciencenafta.comCalifornia Micro Devices www.cmd.comCree, Inc. www.cree.comIRC www.irctt.comNational Semiconductor Corp www.national.comNichia America Corp www.nichia.comOSRAM Opto Semiconductors www.osram-os.comPara Light Corp www.paralight.usRogers Corporation www.rogerscorp.comSupertex Inc www.supertex.comVisual Instrumentation Corp www.visinst.comYokogawa Corp of America www.yokogawa.com/tmYole Development www.yole.fr
2009 annual resource guide2009 annual resource guide
American Bright Optoelectronics Corporation provides various levels of
LED-related solutions, with an offering that includes discrete through-hole
and surface mount LEDs (visible and invisible, standard and high power),
LED displays, LED clusters and arrays, progressing to more advanced LED-
related assembly services and engineering support for LED-based product
designs which offers a wide variety of services with a global reach and local
US support, including through-hole and surface mount LED board assembly
and non-eutectic chip on board technology. The company’s in-depth knowl-
edge of special materials and methods allows it to provide thermal manage-
ment solutions to customers in applications using high power LEDs.
Expertise in MCPCB and flexible circuits is featured as well. American
Bright has willingly and competently worked on assembly projects calling
out various popular LED brands and styles—not limited to its own LED divi-
sion’s products. Bin sorting at die and device level are offered. Custom plas-
tic molding services and modular solutions for designers of solid-state light-
ing are also available to suit specific requirements from customers. Assembly
facilities are ISO-14001 and TS-16949 certified. American Bright announced
the introduction of 5W/10W LED Panel and 10W/20W LED Light Engine
featuring its new direct die attachment (DDA) technology and integrated
thermal management architecture that increases service life, luminous output
and overall luminary efficiency. The new family of products achieve up to
typical 65 lpw and can be selected in a broad range of industry standard color
temperatures ranging from neutral white (4500K) to cool white (7000K). The
LED Panel and Light Engine are ideally engineered SSL solutions for lumi-
naries designed for every application.
American Bright Optoelectronics Corp.
13815-C Magnolia Ave. • Chino, CA 91710
888-533-0800
www.americanbrightled.com
Bergquist Thermal Clad is an insulated metal substrate circuit
board providing complete thermal management systems for
surface mount and High Power LED applications. Available in
standard and custom configurations, Bergquist Thermal Clad
solutions provide better thermal management with lower die
temperatures, extended LED lifetimes, and increased light out-
put. The Bergquist Company designs and manufactures high
performance thermal management materials used to dissipate
heat and keep electronic components cool. With some of the
best-known brands in the business including: Sil-Pad®, Gap
Pad®, Gap Fillers, Bond-Ply®, and Hi-Flow® phase change
grease replacement materials; Bergquist is your total thermal
management supplier.
The Bergquist Company
18930 West 78th Street • Chanhassen, MN 55317
Contact: Markus Benson
1-800-347-4572
www.bergquistcompany.com
August/September 2009 | LED Journal 23www.ledjournal.com
2009 annual resource guide2009 annual resource guide
Cree is leading the LED lighting revolution and setting the stage
to obsolete the incandescent light bulb through the use of energy
efficient, environmentally friendly LED lighting. Cree is a market
leading innovator of lighting-class LEDs, LED lighting solutions,
and semiconductor solutions for wireless and power applications.
Cree¹s product families include LED fixtures and lamps, blue and
green LED chips, high-brightness LEDs, lighting-class power
LEDs, power-switching devices and radio-frequency/wireless
devices. Cree solutions are driving improvements in applications
such as general illumination, backlighting, electronic signs and
signals, variable-speed motors, and wireless communications.
Cree, Inc.
4600 Silicon Drive • Durham, NC 27703
Contact: Eric Goins
919-313-5300
www.cree.com
ElectraLED® designs and manufactures high-quality,
energy-efficient commercial LED light products. The
ElectraLED® TruColor™ LED Lighting fixtures provide
ultimate array lighting solutions for refrigerated display
cases, walk-in coolers, track lighting, and loading docks
for the food retail and distribution industry. ElectraLED is
a certified WBE with all manufacturing facilities located
in Florida.
ElectraLED, Inc.
12722 62nd. St. N. Suite 200
Largo, FL. 33773
Contact: Ryan Begin
727-561-7610
www.electraled.com
A leading manufacturer of LED based lighting systems; D-led's key
target is the integration of lighting and electronic control. D-led's
LED controllers and drivers are engineered from the ground up for
use in The Entertainment, Media, and Architectural markets.
Featuring key technologies such as: Flicker Free dimming, thermal
protection, system error report and more, insuring maximum per-
formance and reliability over time. All of D-led's products are
DMX512 compatible and are CE, FCC, cTUVus approved. ACE
line controllers will drive all “high brightness”, “current regulated
LEDs” currently on the market, and can be found in a variety of
projects worldwide.
D-LED Illumination Technologies
9 Hanagar Str. • Hod Hasharon 45421 Israel
Contact: Mr. Yoav Bar
972-54-3091-633
www.d-led.net
Ellsworth Adhesives
W129 N10825 Washington Drive
Germantown, WI 53022
1-800-888-0698
www.ellsworth.com
Ellsworth Adhesives is a leading
global distributor of over 65-
manufacturers including:
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• Henkel-Loctite
• Dymax
• Emerson & Cuming
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Our comprehensive product line
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• Optical grade silicone encapsu-
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• Liquid casting and molding
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• UV/LED light cure products
• Dispensing and curing systems
We are ISO 9001:2000 registered
and carry RoHS compliant prod-
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Visit www.ellsworth.com to
request a quote, catalog or talk to
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24 LED Journal | August/September 2009 www.ledjournal.com
BacklightingAvago Technologies www.avagotech.comBarbizon Lighting Company www.barbizon.comCelestica www.celestica.comDora Texas Corp www.doratexas.comFuture Lighting Solutions www.futurelightingsolutions.comJKL Components Corporation www.jkllamps.comLambda Research Corporation www.lambdares.comLED, Inc. www.ledinc.bizMonolithic Power Systems, Inc. www.monolithicpower.comNexxus Lighting Inc www.nexxuslighting.comON Semiconductor www.onsemi.comOPTEK Technology, Inc. www.optekinc.comOSRAM Opto Semiconductors www.osram-os.comPalomar Technologies Inc www.palomartechnologies.comShin-Etsu Chemical Co Ltd www.silicone.je/e/Toyoda Gosei North America www.toyodagosei.com
ComponentsAmerican Bright Optoelectronics www.americanbrightled.comArrow Electronics, Inc. http://lighting.arrow.comBrightBurst Technologies, LLC www.BrightBurstTech.comCalifornia Micro Devices www.cmd.comGE Lumination www.led.comInternational Light Technologies www.intl-lighttech.comJames Electronics www.jorgans.comRASIRC www.rasirc.comSignResource www.signresource.comTyco Electronics Corp. www.tycoelectronics.comZettler Components Inc www.zettlercontrols.com
Connectors/InterfacesBulbtronics www.bulbtronics.comEcogreen Solutions Inc. www.ecogreen.ccLamina Lighting, Inc www.laminalighting.comLEDSource LLC www.ledsource.comTyco Electronics Corp. www.tycoelectronics.comVin Overseas Ltd www.vinled.com
Design/Engineering ServicesAKJ Inventions www.ajki.euArrow Electronics, Inc. http://lighting.arrow.comAsahi Spectra USA Inc www.asahi-spectra.comBrightBurst Technologies, LLC www.BrightBurstTech.comBS Elektronik Service GmbH www.bs-elektronik-service.deEllsworth Adhesives www.ellsworth.com Gallegos Lighting Design www.gallegoslighting.comInternational Light Technologies www.intl-lighttech.comLED Specialists, Inc. www.ledspecialists.comMoulded Optics www.mouldedoptics.comOPTEK Technology, Inc. www.optekinc.comOptical Research Associates www.opticalres.comOrb Optronix, Inc. www.orboptronix.com Photon Engineering www.photonengr.comPolyBrite International www.polybrite.comVisionary Lighting & Display LLC www.visionarylighting.comXiTRON Technologies www.xitrontech.com
2009 annual resource guide2009 annual resource guide
Since 1963, Kenall is one of the industry’s most respected inde-
pendent lighting manufacturers in the U.S., producing high per-
formance lighting for commercial and architectural markets.
Kenall produces and supports high quality and durable lighting
solutions for the most demanding of environments. Our products
are designed and certified to meet all applicable and recognized
performance standards, including: those that resist or reduce phys-
ical abuse and tampering; corrosion; ingress and passage of
insects, dirt, water and microbial contaminants; and RFI and EMI
interference. Primary applications include public access, health-
care, education, correctional, microbial and particulate ingress
protection and containment, research, and transportation services.
Kenall
1020 Lakeside Drive • Gurnee, IL 60031
Contact: Adrienne Cramer
847-599-3453
www.kenall.com
Since 1965, International Light Technologies, through our Sources
Division, has been providing customers with off-the-shelf and cus-
tomized solutions across a full spectrum of light sources, including
high power LEDs and modules, UV-Visible-IR lamps, specialized
replacement lamps, and power supplies. Through our Systems
Division, we have been solving the inherent difficulties in light meas-
urement through the design and manufacture of a wide range of high-
ly accurate light measurement instruments and by providing the most
reliable NIST traceable commercial calibration services available.
Our new Innovations Division, combining the expertise of both of
these divisions, manufactures an ultra slim Illumaled product line of
LED fixtures for task lighting and under cabinet illumination, along
with a high efficiency Linear Lighting System for case and other sim-
ilar lighting devises, plus multiple forms of signage lighting including
solar powered devices. We are committed to providing our customer
the best technical lighting products available.
International Light Technologies Inc
Sources, System and Innovations Divisions
10 Technology Drive • Peabody MA 01960
Phone: 978-818-6180 • Fax: 978-818-6181
ISO9001:2000 Certified
www.intl-lighttech.com
August/September 2009 | LED Journal 25www.ledjournal.com
2009 annual resource guide2009 annual resource guide
Lambda Research provides world-class optical software
TracePro® for lighting design and engineering for automotive,
architectural and specialty illumination applications, TracePro
Bridge™ for SolidWorks® for 3D MCAD interoperability with
optical software, and OSLO® lens design software. TracePro
models radiometric and photometric systems and accurately and
quickly predicts performance of LED systems. TracePro features
multiple design analysis outputs such as emission spectrums,
angular distributions, light intensities, illuminance/luminance
maps, CIE xy/uv charts and color view and RepTiles surfaces for
micro-structure mapping for backlighting. TracePro Bridge for
SolidWorks offers a seamless interface between mechanical design
and optical analysis. OSLO is used by the world’s best optical
designers for the design of sophisticated lens systems.
Lambda Research Corporation
25 Porter Road • Littleton, MA 01460
Contact: Michael Gauvin
978-486-0766
www.lambdares.com
Monolithic Power Systems, Inc. (MPS) designs, develops and mar-
kets proprietary, advanced analog and mixed-signal semiconduc-
tors. The company combines advanced process technology with its
highly experienced analog designers to produce high-performance
power management integrated circuits (ICs) for DC to DC convert-
ers, LED drivers, Cold Cathode Fluorescent Lamp (CCFL) back-
light controllers, Class-D audio amplifiers, and other Linear ICs.
MPS products are used extensively in computing and network com-
munications products, flat panel TVs and a wide variety of con-
sumer and portable electronics products. MPS partners with world-
class manufacturing organizations to deliver top quality, ultra-com-
pact, high-performance solutions through productive, cost-efficient
channels. Founded in 1997 and headquartered in San Jose,
California, the company has expanded its global presence with
sales offices in Taiwan, China, Korea, Japan, and Europe.
Monolithic Power Systems, Inc.
6409 Guadalupe Mines Road
San Jose, CA 95120 USA
Tel: +1 408-826-0600
www.monolithicpower.com
Optical Research Associates (ORA®) is the world’s leading
developer of optical and illumination design software, provid-
ing CODE V® for image-forming optics, and LightTools® for
innovative illumination design, including backlit and projec-
tion displays, automotive instrumentation, LEDs, reflectors,
and more. ORA is also the largest independent supplier of opti-
cal engineering services with more than 4,500 completed proj-
ects since the company was founded in 1963. Working with our
distribution partners, we now have customers in more than 25
countries.
Optical Research Associates
3280 E. Foothill Blvd. Suite 300 • Pasadena, CA 91107
Stuart David
626-795-9101
www.opticalres.com
Through its LED Technology Center located in Kirkland,
Washington, Orb Optronix provides leading edge LED product
development, light measurement equipment and LED & SSL test
services. Orb’s products include the revolutionary ETO™ LED
Characterization System which makes the detailed parametric meas-
urement of LEDs over a wide variety of input variables simple.Orb's
Engineering Services Group provides leading edge product develop-
ment services and consulting, taking an interdisciplinary systems
approach to working with LEDs in product development.Orb's Test
Laboratory provides comprehensive LED and SSL test services
including LM-79 and LM-80 for CALiPER and ENERGY STAR
along with photobiological hazard assessment services per the ANSI
RP-27.3-07, IEC 62471 and CIE S009.
Orb Optronix, Inc.
1003 7th Avenue, Suite B • Kirkland, WA 98033
Contact: Rob Leonard
425-605-8500
www.orboptronix.com
26 LED Journal | August/September 2009 www.ledjournal.com
Diodes/Modules/Arrays100 West Electronics www.100West.comBridgeLux Inc www.bridgelux.comFarnell www.farnell.comJCA Technologies www.jcatech.comROHM Semiconductor, USA LLC www.rohmsemiconductor.comSamsung LED www.samsung.comSunovia Energy Technologies www.sunoviaenergy.comThree Five Compounds, Inc. www.iii-vcompounds.com UPEC Electronics Corp www.u-pec.comVisitech www.visitech.noWest Coast Custom Designs www.wccdUSA.com
DisplaysAvago Technologies www.avagotech.comArticulatedTechnologies LLC www.articulux.comDaktronics Inc www.daktronics.comGamma Scientific www.gamma-sci.comHymite A/S www.hymite.comLinrose Electronics, Inc. www.Linrose.comNovaled AG www.novaled.comUnderwriters Laboratories, Inc www.ul.comYokogawa Corp of America www.yokogawa.com/tm
Drivers/ControllersBartco Lighting www.bartcolighting.comD-LED Illumination Technologies www.d-led.netFusion Optix Inc www.fusionoptix.comJournee Lighting Inc www.journeelighting.comLutron Electronics Co., Inc. www.lutron.com/LED Monolithic Power Systems, Inc. www.monolithicpower.comON Semiconductor www.onsemi.comPhilips Emergency Lighting (Bodine) www.philips.com/bodineRueste International Ltd www.rueste.comSipex www.sipex.com
EncapsulantsABLEtech LLC www.abletechllc.comEllsworth Adhesives www.ellsworth.comGE Advanced Materials www.ge.comLord Corporation www.lord.comLumen Technology International www.lumentec.comMomentive Performance Materials Inc www.momentive.comQuantum Silicones Qsi www.quantumsilicones.comSpecialty Coating Systems www.scscoatings.comVin Overseas Ltd www.vinled.comZymet Inc www.zymet.com
Epitaxy/Fabrication EquipmentApplied MicroStructures, Inc www.appliedmst.comDespatch Industries Inc - Ransco Products www.despatch.comEldim SA www.eldim.frGloria Spire Solar LLC www.gloriaspire.comHighleds www.highleds.comPlasma Surface Engineering Corp www.msi-pse.comSpire Semiconductor, LLC www.spirecorp.comTeledyne Hastings Instruments www.teledyne-hi.comUmicore www.umicore.comVeeco Instruments Inc www.veeco.comWafer World Inc www.waferworld.com
2009 annual resource guide2009 annual resource guide
Philips Emergency Lighting is a global leader in emergency light-
ing solutions for commercial, industrial and institutional applica-
tions. The company, headquartered in Collierville, TN, designs
and manufactures innovative, award-winning Philips Bodine
branded products. Its Philips Bodine BSL23C Emergency LED
Driver was the winner of the emergency lighting category at
Lightfair 2008. The Philips Bodine line includes not only code-
compliant emergency drivers for LED lighting but also fluorescent
emergency ballasts, HID backup ballasts and generator-compati-
ble units. Philips Emergency Lighting was founded in 1962 and
acquired by Philips in 2006. The company provides nearly a half-
century of experience, quality, reliability and American ingenuity
in every product.
Philips Emergency Lighting (Bodine)
P.O. Box 460 • Collierville, TN 38027-0460
Contact: Melody Ramsey
800-223-5728
www.philips.com/bodine
PerkinElmer is a global technology leader focused on creating a
brighter, safer, healthier environment through our world-class illu-
mination and detection solutions.We offer a one-stop-shop for
complete, custom LED Solutions including optical design and
testing, mechanical and electrical design, thermal management,
and custom chip-on-board (COB) packaging. Through our global
LED team and through two dedicated, ISO-certified LED facilities
in the USA and Germany, we focus on accelerating our customers'
competitive edge with energy-efficient LED-based lighting
designs for medical, dental, safety and security, industrial, and
architectural markets. PerkinElmer is your trusted partner for
Custom LED Solutions.
PerkinElmer
35 Congress Street • Salem, MA 01970
Contact: Francine Bernitz, Global Marketing Director
978-224-4321
www.perkinelmer.com/ledsolutions
August/September 2009 | LED Journal 27www.ledjournal.com
2009 annual resource guide2009 annual resource guide
Photon Engineering, LLC, proudly announces the release of
FRED and FRED Optimum version 8.50, the premier proven opti-
cal and illumination engineering software. FRED can model the
interaction of light emitted from any type of source with any opto-
mechanical geometry, and includes the effects of scatter, diffrac-
tion, transmission, reflection, and absorption of light. Photon
Engineering also provides superior optical engineering services to
commercial and government customers, custom software solu-
tions, introductory FRED tutorials and advanced short courses on
the topics of coherence theory, illumination and stray light. For
more information, contact [email protected] or visit the
company’s Web site at www.photonengr.com.
Photon Engineering
440 S. Williams Blvd., Suite 106 • Tucson, AZ 85711
Contact: Donata Pfisterer
520-733-9557
www.photonengr.com
For over 60 years, Tyco Electronics has worked to lower costs,
increase reliability and devise novel ways to create lighting
products. Our product portfolio includes interconnects, circuit
protection devices, solid state relays, terminal blocks, thermal
solutions and wire and cable for solid-state lighting applica-
tions. With market dynamics forcing ever-shortening design
cycles, our ability to quickly turn around product concepts
keeps projects on schedule and shortens time to market. We
design and test our products to satisfy requirements through
qualification testing, periodic retesting, and labeling and mark-
ing. We comply with standards from ANSI/AAMI, IEC,
UL/CSA, CE, VDE and other international agencies.
Tyco Electronics
P.O. Box 3608 • Harrisburg, PA 17105-3608
Contact: Product Information
717-986-7777
www.tycoelectronics.com/lighting
Samsung LED Co. Ltd. began its operation in April, 2009 to pro-
duce world class light-emitting diodes (LEDs). Samsung LED is a
joint venture between Samsung Electro-Mechanics Co. Ltd.,
(SEMCO) and Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd., (SEC) with equal
investment between the two companies. Before the formation of
Samsung LED, the LED business was operated by SEMCO since
1995. Samsung LED has epi and chip production sites in Korea
and LED packaging sites in Korea and China. Samsung is dedi-
cating their resources to become a leading manufacture of middle
power and high power LEDs and LED lighting solutions.
Samsung LED
3345 Michelson Dr., Ste. 350
Irvine, CA 92612
Contact: Steve Byun
949-797-8054
Signcomplex is a leading manufacturer of LED lighting products
in China. The line covers LED strip, bulb, module, aquatic light,
inground light, flourescent replacement tube,etc. We have become
one of the biggest suppliers of LED strip light for indoor decora-
tion, architecture, commercial applications. As an ISO9001:2000
certified company, Signcomplex has been deticated to researching,
producing and marketing high-tech and echo-freiendly LED prod-
ucts. All items from Signcomplex are CE certified and ROHS
compliant. We provide quality solid state LED lights to clients in
Europe, America and Asian-Pacific countries. Besides standard
products, Signcomplex also provides OEM/ODM service and
assembly.
Signcomplex Limited
3-4/F., Bldg. C, Chuangfu Science & Technology Park,
Shenzhen/Gruangdong 518108 China
Contact: Peter Wu
+86 755 2760 8650
www.signcomplex.com
28 LED Journal | August/September 2009 www.ledjournal.com
General LightingBarbizon Lighting Company www.barbizon.comBI Technologies www.bitechnologies.comBrightBurst Technologies, LLC www.BrightBurstTech.comEdge Lighting www.edgelighting.comH&H Industries Inc www.lightsbyhh.comKwality Electricals Private Limited http://LED-ecolight.page.tlLED Specialists, Inc. www.ledspecialists.comLutron Electronics Co., Inc. www.lutron.com/LED Lynk Labs, Inc. www.lynklabs.comMaxLite www.maxlite.comMonolithic Power Systems, Inc. www.monolithicpower.comNexxus Lighting Inc www.nexxuslighting.comOPTEK Technology, Inc. www.optekinc.comRueste International Ltd www.rueste.comSamsung LED www.samsung.comSunLED Corp www.us.sunled.comTechnical Consumer Products, Inc (TCP) www.tcpi.comWinona Lighting www.winonalighting.com/winonaled
GelsACC Silicones Ltd www.acc-silicones.comBulbtronics www.bulbtronics.comCofan USA www.cofan.comEllsworth Adhesives www.ellsworth.comQuantum Silicones Qsi www.quantumsilicones.comVin Overseas Ltd www.vinled.com
ICs/SemiconductorsAndy Optoelectronic Co.,Ltd www.ledlighting.ccBulbtronics www.bulbtronics.comIndependent Testing Labs Inc www.itlboulder.comLinear Technology Corp www.linear.comMonolithic Power Systems, Inc. www.monolithicpower.comNational LED Direct www.nationalleddirect.comZymet Inc www.zymet.com
InstrumentationSphereOptics www.sphereoptics.com
LED ChipsArticulatedTechnologies LLC www.articulux.comBratic Enterprises LLC www.bratic.netFlatIron Consultants Inc. under constructionOpto Diode Corp www.optodiode.comPerkinElmer Optoelectronics www.optoelectronics.perkinelmer.comTexas Photonics Inc www.texas-photonics.com
LEDsAmerican Bright Optoelectronics www.americanbrightled.comArrow Electronics, Inc. http://lighting.arrow.comBivar, Inc. www.bivar.comCree, Inc. www.cree.comD-LED Illumination Technologies www.d-led.netDenso International America www.densocorp-na.comElectraLED, Inc. www.electraled.comGrote Industries www.grote.comHoneywell Obstruction Lighting www.oblighting.comInternational Light Technologies www.intl-lighttech.com
2009 annual resource guide2009 annual resource guide
Williams Advanced Materials (WAM) is a leading global supplier
of specialty materials and services for thin film coatings. WAM
supplies the LED industry with an array of sputtering targets and
evaporation materials, pure and custom alloys along with Shield
Kit Precision Parts Cleaning Services and Precious Metal Refining
and Recycling. The combination of supplying thin film materials
and shield kit cleaning services provides customers a value added
solution reducing overall material cost and management.
Materials – Au, Ag, Pd, AuGe, AuSn, Ni, Ti, Precious Metal
Alloys and more…
Shield Kit Precision Parts Cleaning include chemical and mechan-
ical metal layer removal, surface texturizing and final ultrasonic
parts cleaning and clean room packaging. In-house precious met-
als reclamation services offer quick and accurate metal returns.
Williams Advanced Materials
2978 Main Street • Buffalo, NY 14214
Contact: Lisa Bruce
716-837-1000
www.williams-adv.com
With the world-class LED manufacturing facility since 1969
(25 million products manufactured daily, ISO14001 / ISO9001
/ TS16949 certified, RoHS compliant, white LED licensed),
VaOpto offers LEDs, LED assemblies, and LED complete
products with U.S.A. quality (U.S.A. patented/patent pending,
cULus certified/pending) and effective price.
Virginia Optoelectronics, Inc.
1405 Ashford Court • Blacksburg, VA 24060
Contact: Charles Li
540-449-9658
www.vaopto.com
August/September 2009 | LED Journal 29www.ledjournal.com
2009 annual resource guide2009 annual resource guide
LEDs continuedKenall www.kenall.com
Lane Technical Sales www.lanetechsales.comLED, Inc. www.ledinc.bizLight Emission Technology Ltd. www.ledemission.comLinrose Electronics, Inc. www.Linrose.comLutron Electronics Co., Inc. www.lutron.com/LED Lynk Labs, Inc. www.lynklabs.comMartin Professional Inc www.martinpro.comNuelight Corp www.nuelight..comOptrans Universal Corp www.optransuniversal.comOSRAM Opto Semiconductors www.osram-os.comPerkinElmer Optoelectronics www.perkinelmer.comRichter Metalcraft Corp www.charlesrichter.comSamsung LED www.samsung.comSigncomplex Limited www.signcomplex.comThree Five Compounds, Inc. www.iii-vcompounds.com Virginia Optoelectronics, Inc. www.vaopto.comWireless Solutions Sweden AB www.wirelessdmx.com
Lighting Fixtures/SystemsAgiLight Inc www.agilight.comCree, Inc. www.cree.comD-LED Illumination Technologies www.d-led.netDurel Corp www.rogerscorporation.com/durelElectraLED, Inc. www.electraled.comGlow Lighting www.glowlighting.comHella Lighting Corp www.hella.comInternational Light Technologies www.intl-lighttech.comLight Emission Technology Ltd. www.ledemission.comJM Electronics Co Ltd www.jmeleco.comKenall www.kenall.com
LED Power Inc www.ledpower.comPerkinElmer Optoelectronics www.perkinelmer.comSavoy House www.savoyhouse.comTomar Electronics Inc www.tomar.comVersabright www.versabright.comVirginia Optoelectronics, Inc. www.vaopto.comWAC Lighting www.waclighting.com
Materials & PackagingAdhesives Research Inc www.adhesivesresearch.comBayer MaterialScience LLC www.bayermaterialsciencenafta.comDuPont Teijin Films USA www.dupontteijinfilms.comEllsworth Adhesives www.ellsworth.com GE Plastics www.geplastics.comVin Overseas Ltd www.vinled.comVirginia Optoelectronics, Inc. www.vaopto.comWako Chemicals USA Inc www.wakousa.comWilliams Advanced Materials www.williams-adv.com Zymet Inc www.zymet.com
MedicalCalifornia Micro Devices www.cmd.comLightTest Labs, LLC www.lighttestlabs.comPure Lighting LLC www.purellc.comThree Five Compounds, Inc. www.iii-vcompounds.com Visitech www.visitech.noWilliams Advanced Materials www.williams-adv.com
Arrow Electronics, Inc.
7459 S. Lima St.
Englewood, CO 80112
Contact: Arrow Lighting
1-888-9LIGHT1
http://lighting.arrow.com
Arrow Lighting’s experts are dedicated to providing HB-LED
solutions from concept through production utilizing our design
tools, engineering services and the industry’s
premier line card of lighting manufactures.
Avago Technologies
350 West Trimble Rd
San Jose, CA 95131
Contact: Technical Support
1-800-235-0312 or 1-408-435-4903
www.avagotech.com or www.avagotechlighting.com
Avago Technologies is known for its LED's performance, efficiency
and reliability. Avago offers an extensive portfolio of products - high
brightness and high power LEDs, PLCC surface-mount LEDs, color
sensors and display backlighting module solutions.
BrightBurst Technologies, LLC
610 Township Line Road • Hillsborough, NJ 08844
Contact: Peter Dimitrov-Kuhl
908-359-5851
www.BrightBurstTech.com
BrightBurst Technologies provides premier optical solutions for LED
green lighting applications. Our proprietary designs increase output
brightness, improve uniformity and save energy dollars.
LED Specialists, Inc.
7A Main St.
Kings Park, NY 11754
Contact: Michael Fusco
631-269-0841
www.ledspecialists.com
Engineering Services for design and development of LED lighting
products. Subassemblies through complete light fixtures. Manufactur-
ing services for LED arrays, drivers and other components.
30 LED Journal | August/September 2009www.ledjournal.com
OLEDsDuPont www.usa.dupont.comEagleLight.com www.eaglelight.comLinrose Electronics, Inc. www.Linrose.comNovaled AG www.novaled.comUniversal Display Corp www.universaldisplay.com
OpticsAdvanced Link Photonics Inc www.alpincorp.comBrightBurst Technologies, LLC www.BrightBurstTech.comCentellax Inc www.centellax.comHamamatsu Corp www.hamamatsu.comLambda Research Corporation www.lambdares.comLedman Optoelectronic Co Ltd www.ledman.cnOpto Technology Inc www.optotech.comPerkinElmer Optoelectronics www.perkinelmer.comPhoton Engineering www.photonengr.comPolyBrite International www.polybrite.comWilliams Advanced Materials www.williams-adv.com World Electric Supply www.worldelectricsupply.comZygo Corp www.zygo.com
Power SuppliesAdvanced Analogic Technologies Inc www.analogictech.comBartco Lighting www.bartcolighting.comLynk Labs, Inc. www.lynklabs.comPower Integrations Inc www.powerint.comROHM Semiconductor, USA LLC www.rohmsemiconductor.comUniversal Lighting Technologies www.universalballast.comV•I Chip, Inc. http://vicorpower.comWorld Electric Supply www.worldelectricsupply.com
SignageAvago Technologies www.avagotech.comDesign LED Products Ltd www.designledproducts.comElectraLED, Inc. www.electraled.comHeatron Inc www.heatron.comInternational Light Technologies www.intl-lighttech.comJ&J Electronics Inc www.colorgloledlighting.comLabsphere Inc www.labsphere.comLED, Inc. www.ledinc.bizPermlight Products Inc www.permlight.comSumitomo Corporation of America www.sumitomocorp.com
SoftwareADDCO Inc www.addcoinc.comLambda Research Corporation www.lambdares.comLuminex Corp www.luminexcorp.comOptical Research Associates www.opticalres.comPhoton Engineering www.photonengr.comRSoft Design Group www.rsoftdesign.comZEMAX Development Corp www.zemax.com
SubstratesAccuratus Ceramic Corp www.accuratus.comBergquist Company www.bergquist.comCalifornia Micro Devices www.cmd.comRogers Corporation www.rogerscorp.com
2009 annual resource guide2009 annual resource guide
Linrose Electronics, Inc
29 Cain Drive
Plainview, NY 11791
Contact: Debra Freedman
516-293-2520
www.Linrose.com
Master Distributors of Bare LED's, LED Strip & Rope Lighting,
LED Housing, Connectors and Lenses,LED/Neon/Incandecent
Indicator Lights. Specializing in those smaller businesses who
need personal service.
Lutron Electronics Co., Inc.
7200 Suter Rd.
Coopersburg, PA 18036
Contact: LED Solutions Group
610-282-6341
www.lutron.com/LED
Lutron designs and delivers industry leading lighting controls that
enhance the visual environment and save energy. Lutron offers LED
drivers that dim to 1% and additional LED dimming solutions.
Light Emission Technology Ltd.
1261 Broadway Suite 403
New York, NY 10001
Contact: Thomas Guan
212-213-8290
www.ledemission.com
Light Emission Technology Ltd. introduces the world’s longest
life, high intensity, and dimmable LED lamp series. Reduce energy
and replacement costs by 90% with high CRI drop in replacements
operating from 80-260V.
LED, INC.
1601 Fairview Drive
Carson City, NV 89701
Contact: Allen Wen
775-885-1510
www.ledinc.biz
The Brilliance of our LED lighting in your Channel Letters,
Interior Design and Architectural application will
guarantee that
second glance.
August/September 2009 | LED Journal 31www.ledjournal.com
2009 annual resource guide2009 annual resource guide
Test EquipmentAcorn Technology www.ledtemp.comBoston Electronics Corp www.boselec.comJMAR Technologies Inc www.jmar.comKonica Minolta www.konicaminolta.usLightPath Technologies Inc www.lightpath.comMolecular Imprints Inc www.molecularimprints.comOrb Optronix, Inc. www.orboptronix.com PANalytical Inc www.panalytical.comPurdy Electronics Corp www.purdyelectronics.comRubicon Technology Inc www.rubicon-es2.comSphereOptics www.sphereoptics.comStorage Battery Systems Inc www.sbsbattery.comTest Coach Corp www.testcoach.comXiTRON Technologies www.xitrontech.com
Testing ServicesCSA International www.csa-international.orgFox Group Inc www.thefoxgroupinc.comFusion Optix Inc www.fusionoptix.comHeatron Inc www.heatron.comJDS Uniphase www.jdsu.comLabsphere www.labspherre.comOrb Optronix, Inc. www.orboptronix.com Photron Inc www.photron.comSphereOptics LLC www.sphereoptics.comTest Equipment Connection www.testequipmentconnection.com
Lynk Labs Inc.
2511 Technology Drive
Elgin, IL 60124
Contact: Sales
847-783-0123
www.lynklabs.com
Lynk Labs is the LED industry’s leading manufacturer of AC LED pack-
ages, light engines, drive and system technology. Accelerate product design
and time to market with Lynk Labs AC LED technology.
OPTEK Technology
1645 Wallace Drive • Carrollton, TX 75006
Contact: Mike King
972-323-2308
www.optekinc.com
OPTEK Technology partners with you to develop and manufacture solid state
lighting solutions for your signage, backlighting, channel lighting, high bright-
ness indicators and illuminators, automotive interior and exterior lighting,
architectural and entertainment lighting applications.
OSRAM Opto Semiconductors
1150 Kifer Road, Suite 100
Sunnyvale, CA 94086
Contact: Kate Cleveland
866-993-5211
www.osram-os.com
OSRAM Opto Semiconductors is one of the leading manu-
facturers of optoelectronic semiconductor components and a
reliable partner for semiconductor technologies. OSRAM's
extensive LED product portfolio includes solutions for
lighting, sensor and visualization applications.
SphereOptics
One Horseshoe Pond Lane • Concord NH 03301
Contact: Joan Beaulieu
603-715-3000
www.sphereoptics.com
SphereOptics designs, produces & sells precision radiometric and photometric
test and measurement products for the aerospace, electronic imaging, LED,
lighting, optics industries. The company offers a broad line of integrating
sphere systems, specializing in custom design and manufacturing services.
Three Five Compounds, Inc.
1261 Broadway Suite 403
New York, NY 10001
Contact: Thomas Guan
212-213-8290
[email protected] • www.iii-vcompounds.com
Combining knowledge and experience III-V Compounds offers complete
assemblies, consisting of optoelectronic components, PCBs, FPCs as well as
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By Antony Christian, Systems Applications Engineer • Analog Devices, Inc. feature
32 LED Journal | August/September 2009 www.ledjournal.com
The demand for mobile devices with high-end features has been rapid-ly increasing. Features like text messaging, gaming, GPS navigation, webbrowsing and video playback on high resolution color displays are becom-ing the norm in today’s portable consumer electronics market. While con-sumers are asking for these high-end features, they also want reasonablebattery life. Unfortunately, the larger LCD displays used on these devicesare backlight and processor intensive, which translates to longer and larg-er drain on the already limited battery capacity.
At one time, monochrome display backlights used two green LEDs andconsumed a mere 10 percent of the overall power consumption of mobiledevices. Today however, the larger, higher resolution color displaysrequired for multimedia devices have increased the on-time and backlightpower consumption to more than 50 percent.
Despite recent advances in battery technology, battery capacity has notevolved fast enough to keep up with the extra energy demands of multi-media mobile devices. Since battery technology has not improved at thesame pace as battery usage, portable device manufacturers have encoun-tered difficulties with meeting consumer expectations. Unless they developinnovative ways to reduce power consumption or increase battery capaci-ty, they will need to sacrifice battery life for features.
In addition to techniques such as time based dimming, display timeouts anduser selectable brightness settings, many mobile device manufacturers areimplementing ambient light sensing (ALS), content adaptive backlight control(cABC) and the use of keypad/GPIO expanders to help reduce current drain.
The display backlight has become one of the top battery drain concernsfor most portable device manufacturers. Media intensive devices withhigh-resolution color displays require that the display has proper back-lighting at all time to avoid degrading optical performance and readability.
Despite its constant need for backlighting and relatively high power con-sumption, highly transmissive displays are preferred by mobile device man-ufacturers. Its indoor performance, National Television StandardCommittee (NTSC) color gamut ratio, high contrast ratio and high bright-ness have won it an easy victory over its reflective counterpart. To reducebacklight power consumption, it has become necessary to control andmanage backlight intensity as closely as possible.
While devices save power by dimming the backlight during times ofinactivity, many devices have applications, such as web browsing, emails,GPS navigation, gaming or video playback, which require the backlight toremain on during long periods of user interaction.
The brightness control in the products settings menu allows the user toadjust the backlight intensity to save power during these use cases, but requiresuser input and would need multiple changes for different ambient light condi-tions to really be effective. These techniques are no longer practical for theuser, nor are they sufficient to meet today’s intensive and unique use cases.
Ambient Light Sensing (ALS)The amount of back light required by an LCD or keypad can vary sub-
stantially with changes in the lighting environment. With ambient lightsensing, a photo diode or transistor measures the local light intensity. Thelight source can be the sun, office lights or moonlight. The amount of lightcaptured by the sensor is translated into current or voltage. Based on pre-set thresholds, the backlight driver or processor can then determine howmuch backlight is required by the LCD or keypad.
Driving the high current required during sunny conditions wastes ener-gy during dimmer light conditions and can cause eye strain in dark condi-
tions. Changing backlight intensity based on ambient light conditions cansave more than 60 percent of the current necessary to drive the backlightLEDs in bright conditions for typical use cases.
ALS Implementation MethodsSome manufacturers use an analog or digital light sensor IC to sense the
ambient light. Analog light sensors convert the light into a current, whiledigital light sensors use an internal ADC to produce a digital bitstream.Analog light sensors are less expensive due to the simpler implementation.
Regardless of which sensor is used, the output needs to be decoded inorder to be useful. Many designs use the host processor to decode the sen-sor output and control the backlight. However, the host processor must befast enough to provide multimedia features, so its higher speed and band-width also means higher current drain for ALS polling functions. Minimizingprocessor involvement is essential to keep down battery consumption.
Some ICs integrate light input decoding and backlight driver control.There are several advantages to having the light sensor intelligence inte-grated in the backlight driver. First, the driver uses a simple state machineto perform the task, allowing the current consumption required to per-form the decoding and backlight control to be reduced to less than 20 μA.Second, everything is in one package, thus minimizing the number of con-nections and traces in the PCB layout. Third, it minimizes back and forthcommunication between the backlight driver and the host processor.
To provide flexibility to handset manufacturers, these integrated deviceshave implemented programmable threshold, hysteresis and filter time.Because all mechanical designs are different, it is essential that the intelligentdriver have enough flexibility to handle all conditions. Programmable thresh-olds allow the handset manufacturers to program the range of light inputthat should be considered as daylight, office environment or dark. Hysteresisat each threshold keeps the backlight from tripping back and forth. Filtertime allows the user to program how long the device should be exposed toa lighting environment before a backlight adjustment is made. Adjustmentslike these have made it easy to provide the flexibility handset manufacturers
Innovative Power Reduction Techniques Enable HandsetManufacturers to Provide Media Rich Devices
feature
Figure 1. Series backlight driver with integrated photo-sensor input and mini
keypad/GPIO expander
need to correct variances that may exist from product to product.
Display Backlight Analysis A display backlight using six series LEDs driven at 18 mA draws 111 mA
from the battery (assuming 3.5 V LED forward voltage, 85 percent driverefficiency, and 4 V battery). So, the display backlight alone can drain an 1,100mAh battery in 9.9 hours if driven at maximum intensity all of the time. Thedisplay does not have to be illuminated at maximum backlight intensityunder all conditions, allowing significant power to be saved in lower lightenvironments, such as offices, movie theaters and outdoors at night.
Sunny day luminance can vary from 32,000 to 100,000 lux, two orders ofmagnitude greater than a 400 lux brightly lit office, so cutting the backlightintensity by half, or even more, when going from outside to inside will notcause any loss of display usability or readability. Most people spend an averageof 60 percent of their time in an office, so this cutback in backlight brightnesswill reduce current drain by approximately 50 percent or more. The backlightpower consumption in the previous example will go from 111 mA to 55.5 mA.Using ALS, the same display will last 19.8 hours on an 1,100 mAh battery.
Content Adaptive Backlight Control (cABC)Content Adaptive Backlight Control (cABC), shown in Figure 2, is a
method that analyzes display content and adjusts the display backlight basedon the grayscale content of the image and gamma correction techniques.The display driver outputs a PWM waveform to the backlight driver, withvarying duty cycle based on video grayscale content and gamma correction.Backlight is reduced for dark images. This reduces backlight power con-sumption and enhances display contrast while maintaining vivid displayquality. This method is particularly useful in video playback where scenescan change from bright to dark for extended time periods. The cABC canalso reduce current drain for still images and standard menu screens.
The user interface on the mobile product can be tailored to take advan-tage of these savings. Depending on image data, cABC can reduce displaypower by 20 percent to 50 percent. When combined with ALS, power sav-ing can exceed 70 percent. IC manufacturers are already designing ICs totake advantage of the combined power saving of ALS and cABC.
Keypad BacklightIn addition to display backlight, ALS can also save power on keypad
backlight. Most keypads have a visible silkscreen, which requires no back-lighting when there is ambient light available. An average size keypad back-light based on LED or electroluminescent lamp (EL) technology drawsabout 30 mA from the battery. Without ALS, the keypad needs to be back-lit at all times, which wastes a lot of energy. With ALS, the backlight driv-er can turn off or dim the keypad backlight, saving hundreds of mAh.Backlight drivers with integrated ALS control provide interrupt notifica-tions between light changes, allowing the processor to make changes inkeypad or other peripheral lighting.
On a device that can play seven hours of video with an 1,100 mAh bat-tery, 111 mA display backlight current drain represents 70 percent of thetotal current consumption in video mode. Cutting down display backlightcurrent drain by half, with ALS implementation, will increase video play timefrom 7 hours to 10.8 hours. Table 1 illustrates power savings with ALS in dif-ferent lighting environments. The display and keypad backlight in the previ-
ous examples draw a total of 141 mA at full power. In daylight, the keypadcan be turned off completely, which can save 21 percent in backlight current.The real current drain saving is in office and dark environments. Displaybacklight current can easily be cut back by 50 percent without significant dis-play quality degradation, and again no keypad backlight is necessary to viewthe keypad. With ALS implementation, current drain for both backlights canbe cut down by 61 percent. Remaining conservative with the keypad back-light and keeping it on at full current in dark environment, while cutting thedisplay backlight to 24 mA, translates to a 62 percent saving.
GPIO/Keypad Expander With designers fighting to get every milliamp-hour out of the battery, it
has become critical to look everywhere for power savings. In recent times,text messaging has increased 100 fold. Teenagers text their friends andloved ones more than they talk on their mobile phones. Though not be assignificant as the power consumption of the backlight, every single key-stroke can wake up the application processor, draining hundreds of mil-liamps for a few milliseconds. Thousand of keystrokes a day can quicklyadd up, deplete the battery capacity by tens of milliamp-hours. To increaseprocessor bandwidth and minimize processor current drain, handsetsdesigners are relying on keypad expanders to handle the keypad in QWER-TY cell phones designs. Keypad expanders process all the key strokes, sav-ing processor bandwidth and current drain. Features like key lock capabil-ity and light sensor decoding are also integrated in the IC, helping to saveadditional bandwidth and current drain.
Demands for larger, higher resolution color displays will continue to risein the years to come. Devices equipped with cABC, ALS and other currentsaving techniques are allowing consumers to watch videos, browse the weband send text messages with vivid display quality, all while keeping back-light power consumption in check. Continuing to find ways to curtail back-light power consumption will be a challenge, but new methods are beingdeveloped to address the high power consumption areas of displays andprocessors. Using ALS, cABC, GPIO/keypad expanders, and other inno-vative power reduction techniques will enable manufacturers to providethe media rich devices craved by today’s consumers without compromisingmultimedia features or extended battery life.
Antony Christian is a system applications engineer at Analog Devices. Hehas been developing power management ICs for multimedia devices formore than two years. At Analog Devices, Antony works extensively on powermanagement solutions specifically targeted for portable applications.Antony holds a Bachelor of Science degree in Electrical Engineering fromFlorida International University (FIU). Antony can be reached [email protected].
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August/September 2009 | LED Journal 33www.ledjournal.com
No ALS Daylight (ALS) Office (ALS) Dark (ALS)
Display BL 111 mA 111 mA 56 mA 24 mA
KP BL 30 mA 0 mA 0 mA 30 mA
Total Current 141 mA 111 mA 56 mA 54mA
Total Saving 0% 21% 61% 62%
Table 1. ALS impact on backlight current drain in different light environment
Figure 2. Content Adaptive Backlight Control (cABC)
By Oliver Nachbaur, System Engineering Manager, Display Power • Texas Instruments feature
34 LED Journal | August/September 2009 www.ledjournal.com
The organic light emitting diode (OLED) dis-play is becoming more and more popular espe-cially for mobile phones, media player and smallentry level TVs. Contrary to a standard liquidcrystal display, the OLED pixel is driven by acurrent source. To understand how and why theOLED power supply impacts the display picturequality, it is key to understand the OLED displaytechnology and power supply requirements. This
article explains the latest OLED display technology and discusses themain power supply requirements and solutions.
Market EnvironmentAll major mobile phone companies now offer one or more models
featuring an OLED display. Sony has the first OLED TV in mass pro-duction and many other companies show first prototypes. The OLEDdisplay offers wide color gamut, contrast ratio, viewing angle and fastresponse time. This makes the display well suited for multimedia appli-cations. The self-emitting OLED technology doesn’t require a back-light and the power consumption depends on the display content.Power consumption can be much lower compared to an LCD usingbacklight. With a larger panel size, the superior image quality of anOLED becomes more noticeable. Therefore, more and more OLEDpanels being used have a display size greater than 3 inches and the ulti-mate application in the future still might be the TV panel. Anothermarket for the OLED display is certainly the flexible display.Currently, the OLED and electrophoretic display technology lookmost promising. The electrophoretic or bi-stable display being usedfor electronic reader applications needs to be improved in color qual-ity. On the other hand, currently OLED display is not ready for massproduction when using fully-flexible materials. This depends mainlyon the backplane technology.
Backplane Technology Enables Flexible Displays High-resolution color active matrix organic light emitting diode
(AMOLED) displays require an active matrix backplane using an activeswitch to turn each pixel on and off. The LC display (liquid crystal)amorphous silicon process is mature and provides a low-cost activematrix backplane and used for OLEDs as well. Flexible displays com-panies are working with an organic thin film transistor (OTFT) back-plane process. This process also can be used for an OLED display torealize flexible, full color displays. Whether a standard or flexible OLEDis being used the same power supply and driving mythology needs to beapplied. To understand the OLED technology, capabilities and its inter-action with the power supply, a closer look into this technology is given.The OLED display itself is a self-emitting display technology and does-n’t require any backlight. The material for the OLED belongs to the cat-egory of organic materials due to its chemical structure.
OLED Technology Requires a Current Control Driving MethodA simplified circuit, representing one pixel, is shown in Figure 1.
The OLED has electrical characteristics very similar to a LED wherebrightness depends on the LED current. A control circuit, thin filmtransistors (TFTs) are being used to turn the OLED on and off and to
control the OLED current.In Figure 1, transistor T2 is the pixel control transistor turning each
pixel on and off. This is similar to any other active matrix liquid crystaldisplay topology. A T1 is used as a current source, and the current isgiven by its gate source voltage. The storage capacitor is Cs, whichholds the gate voltage of T1 stable and clamps the current until thepixel is addressed again. The simple single transistor current source inFigure 1 has a majorcost advantage sinceonly two transistorsare required. The dis-advantage of the sim-ple circuit is a varia-tion in currentdepending onprocess variationsand voltage variationof Vdd. The OLEDpower supply circuitusually provides twovoltage rails: Vdd andVss. The voltage rail,Vdd, needs to havevery tight regulationto achieve best pic-ture quality and to avoid image flicker. The voltage regulation accuracyof Vss, which usually is a negative voltage, can be less accurate since ithas a minor effect on the LED current. The effect of voltage fluctua-tions on Vdd to the OLED display is shown in Figure 2.
As the voltage supply Vdd changes, OLED brightness changes aswell. Any superimposed voltage ripple on Vdd, can cause horizontalbars on the image due to different brightness levels. Depending on thedisplay, a voltage ripple larger than 20 mV already can cause such aphenomena. The visibility of the horizontal bars depends on ampli-tude and frequency of the superimposed voltage ripple. As soon asthe frequency interferes with the frame frequency, the bars appear.Under a normal laboratory environment the superimposed voltage rip-ple on Vdd is usually smaller than 20 mV. The problem appears as thedisplay and power supply are integrated into a system. As soon as anysub-circuit in the system draws pulsating current from the system
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&OLED Display Technology Capabilities:Does the power supply impact display picture quality?
Figure 1. Simple active matrix OLED pixel
(ITO – Indimum thin oxide)
Figure 2. Voltage fluctuations on the supply rail causing horizontal bars
power supply a voltage ripple appears, common to all circuits con-nected to the system power supply. Typical sub-circuits drawing pul-sating current are the GSM power amplifier in a mobile phone, motordriver, audio power amplifier or similar. In such systems, the systemsupply rail has a superimposed voltage ripple. If the AMOLED powersupply doesn’t reject this ripple, it will appear on its output as well,causing the discussed visible image distortion. To avoid this, theAMOLED power supply needs to have a very high-power supplyrejection ration and line transient response.
For the AMOLED power supply, a boost converter is required for thepositive voltage rail, Vdd and a buck-boost or inverter for the negativevoltage rail, Vss. This puts the challenge to the IC manufacturer providinga suitable power supply IC providing a very accurate positive voltage rail,Vdd and negative voltage rail, Vss, achieving minimum component heightand smallest solution size.
To meet all these requirements a novel power supply topology is chosento provide both positive and negative output voltage rails from a Lithium-Ion (Li-Ion) battery using just a single inductor.
SIMO Regulator Technology Enables Best-in-Class Picture Quality
Figure 3 shows the typical application circuit using the TPS65136,offered by Texas Instruments, device with single-inductor multiple-output(SIMO) regulator technology. The device operates with a four-switchbuck-boost converter topology. SIMO technology features best-in-classline transient regulation, buck-boost mode for both outputs and highestefficiency over the entire load current range.
Advanced Power Save Mode Enables High EfficiencyAs with any battery-powered equipment, long battery standby time is
only achieved when the converter operates at highest efficiency over theentire load current range. This is especially important for an OLED dis-play. The OLED display consumes its maximum power when the displayis fully white and much lower current for any other display color. Thisis because only the white color requires all the sub-pixels red, green andblue to be fully turned on. For example, a 2.7-inch display requires 80mA current for a fully white picture and only 5 mA current when iconsor graphics are displayed. Therefore, the OLED power supply needs toprovide high converter efficiency at all load currents. This is achieved byusing an advanced power save mode technology reducing the converterswitching frequency as the load current decreases. Since this is doneusing a voltage controlled oscillator (VCO), possible EMI problems are
minimized and the minimum switching frequency is controlled to beoutside the audio range of typically 40 kHz. This avoids possible audi-ble noise caused by ceramic input or output capacitors. This is especial-ly important when using the device in a mobile phone application andsimplifies the design process.
Since OLED display technology is just emerging, there is still a lot ofroom to conserve power, increase OLED efficiency and minimize thetotal solution size. As OLED becomes more mature, it is also possibleto use OLED for architectural lighting or as backlight for LCDs. Bothopportunities allow lower power consumption and higher design flexi-bility compared to traditional lighting solutions. For OLED technology,the future seems to be very bright.
ReferencesTo download a datasheet on the TPS65136 with SIMO technology, visit:www.ti.com/tps65136-ca.
Oliver Nachbaur is a member of the Technical Staff at TexasInstruments in Germany where he is a System Engineering Manager for theDisplay Power Converter group. Oliver has more than a decade of experi-ence in the semiconductor industry working as an applications engineerand system engineer on Power Management Products. Oliver received adegree in Electrical Engineering in Ravensburg, Germany. He can bereached at [email protected].
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August/September 2009 | LED Journal 35www.ledjournal.com
Figure 3. TPS65136 Buck-Boost Converter topology supporting dual output
By Gavin Hesse, Product Marketing Engineer • Cypress Semiconductorfeature
36 LED Journal | August/September 2009 www.ledjournal.com
feature
In uncertain economic times, the message given todesign engineers is clear: save money. In LED light-ing designs, that message needs to be even clearer,as the LEDs themselves take up a large portion ofthe bill-of-materials (BOM). A new device to themarket helps provide a necessary cost-down solu-tion, PowerPSoC, an embedded power controller.
PowerPSoC provides an unprecedented level ofintegration for customers, containing four chan-
nels of internal current sense amplifiers rated at 6MHz, four 2 MHz hysteretic controllers independently configurable asbuck, boost or buck-boost and four low-side n-FETs rated at 1 A, 32 Veach. Not to be content with only the output stage, PowerPSoC alsoincludes a 32 V internal input regulator. The simple advantage this suppliesto lighting customers is cost. In Figure 1, we see a standard lighting design.The figure can appear somewhat intimidating and complex but can actual-ly be condensed to three simple sections. First off, everything electronicrequires some form of regulation off the 12 V to 32 V line. Secondly, theLED strings require a regulated current provided by a controller IC.Finally, an intelligent controller will provide dimming and communication,as well as any other additional feature needed in the system. InPowerPSoC, the regulation, current control and intelligent controller are allcombined into one semiconductor device.
To fully grasp the integration potential, the picture needs to be expand-ed from one channel of LED control to four. Many LED fixtures requiremultiple channels to intelligently modify color, correlated color tempera-ture and intensity. Figure 2 shows a four channel system.
In the system above, we see the need for one constant current controlloop per LED channel, so although only one intelligent controller is neces-sary, additional cost is incurred. PowerPSoC fully integrates these additionalconstant current controllers, shown in the highlighted section of Figure 3.
The integration potential of PowerPSoC is readily apparent. Virtuallythe entire four channel LED system is collapsed into the one device. Sinceeach of these constant current channels can cost multiple dollars, theBOM savings can be significant.
Cost isn’t the only advantage. Flexibility from a design standpoint is whatcomes from utilizing an embedded controller over discrete options. Forexample, the internal hysteretic controllers have adjustable settings for the ref-erence voltages, essentially meaning that the constant current for the lightingsystem can be digitally modified instead of having to change out an externalsense resistor. Another example uses dedicated function pins connected to anexternal temperature sensor such as one shown in Figure 1 to trip theonboard hysteretic controller in case of a thermal runaway condition.Flexibility also means that a lighting engine can be laid out for multiple light-ing fixtures, as PowerPSoC is available in pin compatible devices from 1 to 4channels. This can save multiple hours of engineering redesign effort, andmeans that base projects can be used in separate application spaces, fromwhite light in office environments to mixed color entertainment downlights.
Acknowledging that many lighting designers are new to the semicon-ductor market, PowerPSoC was created to be a simple device to use. Forone channel of power control, PowerPSoC takes three PSoC Designer
&Integrating Power, ControlOffers FlexibilitySimplicity for Lighting Applications
Figure 1. Standard, Single-Channel Lighting Design
Figure 2. Standard 4-Channel Lighting Design
Figure 3. 4-channel Lighting Design with PowerPSoC. A single PowerPSoC
device integrates all the devices within the shaded area.
user modules (pre-configured, pre-characterized blocks of code to sim-plify implementation of common functions) and three lines of “C”code. Shown below in Figure 4 is the PSoC Designer layout forPowerPSoC. The power section is laid out in an intuitive way for engi-neers who are familiar with constant current feedback loops.
User Modules are precon-figured blocks of code thatinclude APIs and register set-tings. To set up the first usermodule required for a powerchannel, an engineer mustdrag and drop a current senseamplifier onto the requiredplacement shown above. Thecurrent sense amplifier hassome adjustable settings,most notably the gain set-tings, another way of inde-pendently modifying the con-stant current of the system.
The second user module is the Modulator, another feature of PowerPSoCcompared to other devices, most of which only offer a small number of hard-ware eight to 10 bit PWMs. PowerPSoC offers four hardware 16-bit dimmers,which can be configured as either a PWM or two other options, the first beingthe PrISM spread spectrum signal, which reduces radiated EMI in a lightingsystem by up to 70 dB, and the second being the Hardware DensityModulated PWM (DMM), a 12-bit dithered PWM.
The final user module is the Hysteretic Controller, which connects to thecurrent amplifer and modulator, as well as the internal n-FET. These arewhat can then be configurable for buck, boost or buck-boost applications.
The “C” code necessary? Three Start commands.Outside of the power channels discussed and shown above, PowerPSoC
includes additional digital and analog resources for functions such as digi-tal communication protocols such as DMX512 and DALI, and user inter-
faces such as Cypress’s CapSense touch control technology.Between saving customers costs on their bill-of-materials, providing
greater design flexibility, and even allowing for additional functionality,PowerPSoC is a strong new entry into the burgeoning lighting market. Itcan be the brains and brawn of a light engine, handling the communica-tion, dimming, input voltage and constant current control. As lightingdesigners continue to work on how to utilize the potential of LEDs,PowerPSoC is well suited for the creative and cost conscious.
Gavin Hesse received his BSEE from Seattle Pacific University and isnow a product marketing engineer for Cypress Semiconductor. For thepast few years, he has been focused on intelligent lighting solutions,including Cypress’s PowerPSOC embedded power controller. Gavin can becontacted at [email protected].
featurefeature
August/September 2009 | LED Journal 37www.ledjournal.com
Figure 4. Intuitive design software interface
Figure 5. Only three lines of C code are necessary to turn on an LED channel.
www.ledjournal.com38 LED Journal | August/September 2009
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August 2009 8/2 - 8/6 SPIE Optics + Photonics 2009 San Diego, CA
September 2009 9/6 -9/9China International Optoelectronic ExpositionShenzhen Convention & Exhibition Center, China
9/13 - 9/1628th Annual Street and Area Lighting ConferencePhiladelphia, PA
9/14 - 9/17Eurodisplay 2009Rome, Italy
October 2009 10/19 - 10/20SSLdesign Summit 2009Los Angeles, CA
10/20 - 10/22LEDs 2009San Diego, CA
American Bright Optoelectronics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13, 22www.americanbrightled.com
ElectraLED, Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5www.electraled.com
Kenall. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15, 24www.kenall.com
Intertech Pira . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14www.ledsconference.com
LightShow/West. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16www.lightshowwest.com
Monolithic Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25, 39www.monolithicpower.com
PerkinElmer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7, 26www.perkinelmer.com/ledsolutions
Photon Engineering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9www.photonengr.com
Semicon West . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18www.semiconwest.org
Seoul Semiconductor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40www.acriche.com
Signcomplex Ltd . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11, 27www.signcomplex.com
SPIE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12www.spie.org/pw
Virginia Optoelectronics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2, 28www.vaopto.com
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Martin, Lighting Science SignDistribution Agreement
Lighting Science Group Corp. (LightingScience), a developer and integrator of intelligentLED lighting solutions and Martin ProfessionalA/S, a provider of dynamic lighting systems, havesigned a distribution agreement that will giveMartin access to Lighting Science’s X16 DOTZLED strings for global distribution. The X16DOTZ LED string has been well-received in themarket since its introduction and will be marketedunder the name FlexDOT in Martin’s line of LEDvideo products. FlexDOT has already been usedin multiple projects across the lighting market.
FlexDOT is a string of bright (RGB) LEDsdesigned for a variety of lighting applicationsincluding video and other entertainment displays.Leveraging the DMX512 lighting control proto-col, each LED capsule on the string produces awide color palette of millions of hues. This allowsthe user to create a personalized interactive expe-rience through color control, special effects andanimation of each light point.
Labsphere, Orb OptronixAnnounce Collaboration
Light measurement companies Labsphere andOrb Optronix have announced a far-reaching col-laboration to encompass product development,
manufacturing and distribution. Under the newagreement, select Orb Optronix LED test instru-mentation will be manufactured at Labsphere’sNew Hampshire facility. The two companies willcooperate on the development of a broad range ofnew LED, display and light metrology products.Orb Optronix also plans to expand its LED meas-urement services laboratory with the addition ofseveral Labsphere systems. In addition, the compa-nies will now share sales channels. Orb Optronix’sLED characterization systems and software will besold through Labsphere’s worldwide sales organi-zation while Labsphere products will be availablethrough Orb Optronix’s US distribution network.
Juiceworks’ New LED Products JuiceWorks LLC has released the Sea Gull
Lighting LED surface mount downlights,including a retrofit version for convertingrecessed lighting to LED. The Sea Gull LightingLED downlights are low-profile, surface mountalternatives to traditional recessed and othertypes of ceiling lights. They are powered byJuiceWorks and are offered with two color tem-peratures (3,000 K and 4,500 K) both 80 CRI, 15W, smooth dimming to 10 percent, 35,000 hoursunit life, nearly 7 foot candles at 8 feet , 600lumens (3,000 K temp), and a 60° beam angle,similar to standard flood lamps.
US Coast Guard Stocks Up onSolar-LED Marine Lanterns
The United States Coast Guard (USCG) hasplaced an order for hundreds of solar-LEDmarine lanterns from Carmanah Technologies.Valued at approximately $600,000, this latestshipment of 701-5 and 704-5 lanterns willreplace older incandescent lanterns throughoutthe region, while providing an additional level ofsafety and security for marine traffic and GulfCoast communities during the hurricane season.
LED Lighting Trial Delivers 75Percent Saving on Energy SafeSite
LED lighting by Dialight has been installed byHenkel, manufacturer of Loctite and a producerof adhesives, sealants and surface treatments, atits waste water treatment plant in Puerto Rico.This installation is the first of a series of LED tri-als. Henkel was able to save on power consump-tion and achieve a more efficient lighting systemby using 12 of Dialight’s 100 W SafeSite LED fix-tures to replace 16 of the existing 250 W HPS fit-tings that are used to light the tank and walkways.The result is that energy needs are reduced by 75percent and improved quality of illumination. Onthese light fittings alone this amounts to an annu-al energy saving worth almost $3,500.
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