Leif HockstadU.S. Environmental Protection Agency

Office of Atmospheric ProgramsClimate Change Division

Overview of the Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse

Gas Emissions and Sinks:1990-2005

Military Bunker Fuel Calculations

U.S. National System forReporting under UNFCCC

• EPA has the lead for preparing the official U.S. Government GHG Inventory submission to the UNFCCC (in coordination with other technical agencies and departments)– Coordinate with Department of State for “official”

submissions– Coordinate closely with the Department of Energy

when preparing the energy estimates– Work with the Department of Agriculture to help

estimate carbon fluxes from forests and soils, activity data for agricultural crops and animals

– Work with U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) to ensure that military consumption of bunker fuels are properly reported

U.S. National System forReporting under UNFCCC (II)

• Engagement with DoD on international bunker fuels calculations

• Grew from outreach by EPA to institutionalize data collection within U.S. Government

• Data provided via the Office of the Secretary of Defense

– Each year’s DoD submission accompanied by formal transmission letter from the Assistant Deputy Under Secretary of Defense (Environmental)

• Data first provided by DoD in 2000 (for Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks: 1990-1998)

Military Bunker Fuel Data forU.S. GHG Inventory (I)• Calculations based on military fuel consumption

data provided by DoD– Activity data from Defense Energy Support Center

(DESC) of the Defense Logistics Agency (DLA)• Fuels Automated System (FAS) database

– Fuels delivered in U.S. and identified as being consistent with UNFCCC bunker fuel definitions

• Strictly land-based fuels omitted– Fuels considered potential bunker fuels include:

» Marine distillate fuel, marine gas oil, intermediate fuel oil

» Aviation jet fuels (JP8, JP5, JP4, JAA, JA1, JAB)• Allocate JP-8 between aviation and land-based vehicles• Fuel records sorted by DoD Military Service

– Fuels used by Navy and Air Force are potential bunker fuels– Navy consumption based on consumption from “ships

underway”– Air Force consumption based on flying hours by command

» Studies of transport aircraft vs. tactical aircraft

Military Bunker Fuel Data forU.S. GHG Inventory (II)

• DoD also provides QA/QC checklist (consistent with annual U.S. GHG Inventory compilation system) and separate qualitative uncertainty analysis

Military Bunker Fuel Calculations forU.S. GHG Inventory• EPA converts DoD fuel volume data to energy

units for calculations– Consistent with other Fossil Fuel Combustion estimates

and other International Bunker Fuel estimates– Jet fuel density from studies by Chevron, American

Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM), U.S. Air Force• U.S.-specific heat content and CO2 emission

factors– Based on studies of petroleum products in U.S.

• Publications from DOE Energy Information Administration, American Petroleum Institute (API), American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM), National Institute for Petroleum and Energy Research, et. al.

– Default IPCC CH4 & N2O emission factors• Military aviation estimates combined with

commercial aviation International Bunker Fuels presented in Energy chapter of U.S. NIR

International Bunker Fuels inU.S. GHG Inventory

Aviation Jet Fuel Consumption for International Transport (Million Gallons)

CO2, CH4, and N2O Emissions from International Bunker Fuels (Tg CO2 Eq.)

Thank you

• Any questions?

• Contact:Leif Hockstad, U.S. EPAhockstad.leif@epa.gov1 202 343 9432

• Electronically download copies of latestU.S. Greenhouse Gas Inventory

http://www.epa.gov/climatechange/emissions/usinventoryreport.html

Annex 3.7 “Methodology for Estimating Emissions from International Bunker Fuels used by the U.S. Military”