Levels 1 - 4 Commercial ArtsLevels 1 - 4 Commercial Arts

The History The History Of Of

Poster Poster DesignDesign

With Ricky!

HOW THIS WORKS...

Key points will be in yellowand in bold.

These are the points you wantto take down in your notes...

Long ago… in a country far far away...there were no such things as ”posters”

• Your primary source of information came from this guy The Town The Town

CrierCrierTown criers traversed the streets and would stop at crossroads.

They would then announce everything from burials, goods and lost objects to

Kings proclamations and orders.

• The history of posters can be traced as far back as the 15th century, when artisans handmade each

and every sheet. • While a painstaking process indeed, it ushered in a new age of providing

news, announcements, and other information to

passers-by on the streets.

FREEDOM OF PRESS & THE FREEDOM OF PRESS & THE RISE OF INDUSTRIAL RISE OF INDUSTRIAL

REVOLUTIONREVOLUTION

• In 1789, the French revolution caused a virtual explosion in the field of communications.

• The French began to experience "Freedom of the Press", and all of the newspapers began displaying printed advertisements.

• The industrial rise of the 19th century ushered in the beginnings of mechanization, which opened a new era in publishing thanks to this guy…

• Aloysius Senefelder

THE RISE OF THE PRINTING THE RISE OF THE PRINTING PRESSPRESS

• The art of Lithography was invented by a

Czech named

Aloysius Senefelder in 1798 in Austria.

By 1848, the process had been refined to the point

that it was possible to print 10,000 sheets per an

hour

THE RISE OF THE PRINTING PRESSTHE RISE OF THE PRINTING PRESS

• Like most print media, graphic arts were dependent on the invention of the printing press. This allowed for the mass production of all shapes and sizes of posters as well.

• The technique that is used to print posters, is called LITHOGRAPHY

• This is printing by placing ink on a

series of wood or metal ("lithos") raised portions of a carved, etched, or cast block.

A very early Printing PressA very early Printing Press

THE RISE OF THE PRINTING PRESSTHE RISE OF THE PRINTING PRESS

Raised lettering

While Senefelder pioneered the invention of lithography, and certainly many "posters" were created prior to his arrival it is JULES CHERET (shur-a), who deserves to be called "the father of the poster".

Born in Paris, Chéret was apprenticed to a printer at age 13. Chéret mastered the art of lithography - refining and simplifying the technique to make it feasible to print large posters in color. Truly the "father" of the color litho poster, he prepared some 1,000 posters between 1858 and the first decade of the 20th century.

Lets have a look at some of

Jules Cherets works...

Job Cigarette Papers 1889 “Land Of The Fairies” Worlds Fair Poster 1889

Ice Skating Advert Pantomime Theatre Advert

Opera Advert Oil Lamp Company Advert

Commercial art and design also owe a great deal of debtto the next two artists…

HENRI de TOULOUSE LAUTRECHenry de “Tah-loose” “Luh-

Trek” ALPHONSE MUCHA

“Al-Fonz Myoo kuh”

and

Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec was born on November

24, 1864, in southern France with a number of

ailments which left him very weak. At age 12 he

broke his left leg and at 14 his right leg. The bones

did not heal properly, and his legs ceased to grow.

He reached maturity with a body trunk of normal

size but with abnormally short legs. He was only 4

1/2 feet (1.5 meters) tall.

Deprived of the physical life that a normal body

would have permitted, Toulouse-Lautrec lived

completely for his art. He dwelt in the Montemarte

section of Paris… the center of the cabaret

entertainment and bohemian life that he loved to

depict in his work.

Toulouse-LautrecToulouse-Lautrec

BohemianBohemianA person with artistic or intellectual tendencies, A person with artistic or intellectual tendencies,

who lives and acts with no regard for who lives and acts with no regard for conventional rules of behavior.conventional rules of behavior.

Although the bohemian population was diverse, one particular aspect of how they lived served as a unifying factor: the rejection of values. The values they typically rejected and how are as follows:

They rejected private property and materialism by having no permanent residence anywhere and by surviving on little material wealth.

They rejected strict moral values by living carefree lives of alcohol and drug use, as well as open sexual freedom.

They rejected the pursuit of wealth by living solely for art and literature's sake, pursuing their passions regardless of whether they gained an income, which they usually did not.

Now you can tell your friends what Queen’s Now you can tell your friends what Queen’s “Bohemian Rhapsody” really means…“Bohemian Rhapsody” really means…

““Alternative Rhapsody”Alternative Rhapsody”

Perhaps two of the most popularimages of Paris France duringthe late 1800’s had to be thisposter titled

Ambassadeurs: Aristide Bruantfrom 1892.

It depicts a nightclub ownerwho became famous for insultinghis patrons at the door of his cafe. He befriended Lautrec and asked him to create a poster to promote his nightclub.

This is said to have very closely captured the owners theatricallysmug demeanor perfectly.

Toulouse-LautrecToulouse-Lautrec

The second poster is titled

“Moulin Rouge” and perfectly captured the dance halls and nightclubs, racetracks, prostitutes - all of whom were memorialized on canvas or made into lithographs. Toulouse-Lautrec was very much an active part of this community.

Next time you watch the TV show “Friends” look on their wall and you’ll see a Toulouse Lautrec Poster!

Toulouse-LautrecToulouse-Lautrec

Lautrec would sit at a crowded nightclub table, laughing and drinking… and also making swift sketches. The next morning in his studio he would expand the sketches into brightly colored paintings. In order to join in the Montmarte life - as well as to fortify himself against the crowd's ridicule of his appearance - Toulouse-Lautrec began to drink heavily.

By the 1890s the drinking was affecting his health. He was confined first to a sanatorium and then to his mother's care at home, but he could not stay away from alcohol. Toulouse-Lautrec died on September 9, 1901, at the family chateau of Malrome.

Lautrec was recently portrayed by actor John Leguizamo in the hit film “Moulin Rouge”.

Toulouse-LautrecToulouse-Lautrec

Here are a few ofHere are a few ofToulouse-Lautrec’s Toulouse-Lautrec’s

other worksother works

http://www.travelvideostore.com/product_info.php?products_id=5644&ref=115119&ref-115240

INTERMISSIONINTERMISSION

Tee Hee! La La La!

Intermissions sure are SWELL!Ain’t they kids!

I said, “AIN’T THEY KIDS!”

Can I talk to you kids for a minute?

Is that o.k.?

Is he gone?

I asked… “is he gone?”

I’m afraid of Mr. Juul…He makes me give “Mr. Pickles”

foot rubs and they both laught at me...

He makes me drink rubber cement! And if I don’t?

He carefully sets me in an ant pile and walks away all slow… giggling...

He also makes me - OH NO!

Alphonse Mucha was born in the country Bohemia in 1860 and moved to Paris in 1890 where he became the star of the poster-art movement. After World War I he

returned to Czechoslovakia and became the father of a slavic arts and crafts movement which combined elements of ART NOUVEAU with classic national

themes.

In addition to commercial art, jewelry design, interior decoration, sculpture and stage design, Mucha Mucha

experimented with lettering and calligraphy to produce excellent source material for unique typefaces. Mucha'sMucha's style is synonymous with French Art Nouveau and he is also one of the most imitated artists and designers of all

time.

ART NOUVEAUART NOUVEAU• A design style

characterized by organic, symmetrical,

wavy, elegant lines and soft, leaf-shaped forms .

• A very elegant and natural design style

Picture Frame Stained Glass

Have a look at some of Alphonse Mucha’s work…

I’ll bet you recognizethe Art Nouveau style...Make sure to look at the book in class

The Art Nouveau Style Book Of Alphonse Mucha

Monaco Monte Carlo Salon de Cents

The Muse - Dance Cycles Perfecta

Alphonse Mucha became one of the most imitatedAlphonse Mucha became one of the most imitated

artists of his time.artists of his time. His contributions to the fields of His contributions to the fields of

commercial art are extremely important.commercial art are extremely important.

COPY - Frederick Ramsdell COPY - Paul Berthon

The Turn of The The Turn of The CenturyCentury

By the end of the 1800s, due to success, By the end of the 1800s, due to success, imitation and boredom, three of the poster imitation and boredom, three of the poster mediums most popular artists had mediums most popular artists had either died or turned away from poster either died or turned away from poster design to concentrate on painting…design to concentrate on painting…

A new revolution inA new revolution indesign would soon design would soon

influence the entire “look” influence the entire “look” of the world around usof the world around us..

COMMENTS? QUESTIONS?LETS SEELETS SEE WHAT YOU KNOWWHAT YOU KNOW

- Town Crier- Alois Senefelder

- Jules Cheret

Invented Lithographic Printing

- Toulouse Lautrec

- Alphonse Mucha

- Art Nouveau

Considered the Father Of The Modern Poster

An often imitated artist who helped make Art Nouveau popular

Perhaps two of the most popular images of Paris France during the late 1800’s

Characterized by organic, symmetrical, wavy, elegant lines and soft, leaf-shaped forms .

They would then announce everything from burials, goods & lost objects to Kings proclamations & orders.

FOR MORE INFORMATION...

BOOKSBOOKS•The Poster•Posters In History•The Art Of Alphonse Mucha•Talouse Latrec

ON THE WEBON THE WEB•Check The Class Website Under LINKS, then POSTERS

Aloha!