Liner

2 Liner

Liners Any string of casing whose top is located

below the surface, hung inside the previous casing and is run to its setting depth by drill pipe.

LINERHANGER

CASINGSHOE

OVERLAP 50 - 500 FT

3 Liner

Why Liners ?

Prime reason:– Save $$– (Cost of 1 Joint of Casing can be $3,000!)

Cover Corroded/Damaged Casing Cover:

– Lost Circulation Zones.– Shales or Plastic Formations– Salt Zones

Deep Wells:– Rig Unable to Lift Long String of Casing.

4 Liner

Types of Liners

Production:– Most common– Save $$– Slotted liner

Intermediate/drilling:– Cover problem zone in order to be able to

continue drilling Tie-back/liner complement:

– From top of existing liner to surface, or further up casing to cover corroded or damaged zone.

5 Liner

Tie-Back (Liner Complement)

The integration of the liner with casing run to surfaceThe integration of the liner with casing run to surface

6 Liner

Tie-Back (Liner Complement)

The integration of the liner with casing run to surfaceThe integration of the liner with casing run to surface

TIE BACKSTINGER WITHSEALS

LINER

7 Liner

Tie-Back (Liner Complement)The integration of the liner with casing run to surfaceThe integration of the liner with casing run to surface

• This is often done if production is commercially viable This is often done if production is commercially viable or there is damage to casing above the lineror there is damage to casing above the liner

TIE BACKSTINGER WITHSEALS

LINER

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Hardware

DP Wiper Plug Liner or Dart Hanger

Landing Collar/Plate

Casing Shoe

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Procedure for Setting Liner

RIH with drillpipe At liner hanger depth, condition mud

– (Reciprocation / Rotation) Release slips (liner hanger)

– (Rotation - mechanical pressure - hydraulic) Set slips, release liner weight, check to see if running tool is

free Pump mud - to ensure free circulation Cement / Displace / Bump plug / Bleed off Release setting tool POOH above TOC and circulate

– NOTE: A liner swivel can be run below the hanger to ensure that the tool can be rotated even if the liner is stuck or set.

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Liner Overlap

Cementing the liner “lap” is critical . Too much cement above the liner hanger is

not recommended So make sure that “uncontaminated”

cement is present at the liner lap - washes and spacers / WELLCLEAN II

If not, there is communication from the annulus to the formation

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Recommendations for Liner Cementing

Ensure rheology of cement system is adequate for 100% mud removal

Turbulent flow, if possible Consider 5 - 10 min. “contact time” at liner lap Batch mix cement Minimize U-tubing effect Rotation of liner during cementing (special

bearing in tool) Adequate mud conditioning prior to cementing

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Example Calculation - Liner

Well Information:– 9-5/8" 47 lb/ft intermediate casing from surface to 6500 feet

– 7" 29 lb/ft intermediate liner from 6200 ft to 10,500 feet

– 6" open hole to TD at 14,500 feet

– Drill pipe 3-1/2" 13.30 lb/ft

– 4-1/2" 16.60 lb/ft liner required from 14,400 ft to 400 ft inside 7" liner.

– Float collar 80 feet above shoe.

Cement required to top of liner with 20% excess in open hole Calculate:

– Slurry Volume and Displacement

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Production Liner Cementing Job

3 1/2” drill pipe 13.3 lb/ft

9 5/8” casing shoe at 6500 ft

7” liner 29 lb/ft Top at 6200 ft

9 5/8” casing 47 lb/ft

7” liner shoe at 10500 ft

6” Open hole + 20% Excess

4 1/2” liner 16.6 lb/ft top at 10100ft

Collar at 14320 ft

4 1/2” liner shoe at 14400 ft

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Liner Example Calculations - Results

Slurry Volume:

Volume #1: 0.0981 ft3/ft x 400 ft = 39.2 ft3

Volume #2: 0.0859 ft3/ft x 3900 ft x 1.20 = 402 ft3

Volume #3: 0.0769 ft3/ft x 80 ft = 6.2 ft3

Total Volume: 447.4 ft3

Displacement:

Drill Pipe: 0.00742 bbl/ft x 10,100 ft = 74.9 bbls

Liner: 0.0137 bbl/ft x 4220 ft = 57.8 bbls

Total Displacement = 132.7 bbls

Max. overdisplacement = (80 x 0.0137) / 2 = 0.55 bbls

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Conclusion

Liners have many applications

The main feature is that normally you have small volumes of

slurry and high pressures during the job.

Liner overlap is the most critical part to cement correctly

Even though most of the times we are not at charge of the

hardware (liner hanger, cement head, etc.), we must have

knowledge of what has been run in the hole, and the way it

works.

It is important to slow down the displacement to avoid

excessive pressures (shear pins, end of displacement)