6.0 List Of Structure Elements1) SoleplatesSole plate is a foundation and main support to the scaffolding.

2) Base platesBase plate is plate that serves as a plate or support.

3) Standard of Frames VerticalStandard is a vertical tube with a flattened end, to rest in or on a part of structure.

4) Ledgers and transom levelled.Ledger is a longitudinal tube normally fixed parallel to the face of a structure (building) in the direction of the larger dimension of the scaffold. It acts as a support for the transom and putlogs and frequently for the ties tubes and ledger braces. Usually joined to the adjacent standard.Transom is a tube spanning across ledgers to form the support for boards or units forming the working platform or to connect the outer standard to the inner standard.

5) Scaffold component connectionsScaffold component connections likes couplers is a fittings which hold the tubes together. The most common are called scaffold couplers, and there are three basic types: right-angle couplers, putlog couplers and swivel couplers.

6) Horizontal bracing or lacingThe use of horizontal bracing on the first tier helps to square the scaffold before nailing base plates to the mudsills.

7) Tie BackTie is a component attached to an anchorage or the structure or framed around a part of the structure with a tie tube. Used to secure the scaffold to the structure.

8) Working PlatformThe deck from which works/ operations are carried out. The boards provide a working surface for users of the scaffold. It is on these boards that the workers stand or sit while working. The boards are made of seasoned wood and are made according to specific thickness.

9) GuardrailA member incorporated in a structure to prevent the fall of a person from a platform.

10) Hollow steel sectionTo distribute the load from working platform to the ground.

11) Ladder A ladder is a vertical or inclined set of rungs or steps. Ladders used on site shall comply with BS 2037.1994. Ladder for this site is not available but the worker still can access to any level.

7.0 Details Of The Listed Elements.ItemsDetails

Sole plates

Proper sole plates used.Timber plate are used in this site because it cheaper and easy to get..Timber sole boards are cut off scaffold boards and are generally 225mm long. Split or poor quality timber not be used for sole plates.

Base plates

Base plate is plate that serves as a plate or support. Baseplates are placed under all scaffold standards. When base plates are positioned on sole plates, the centre of any plate is noless than 400mm from the end of the timber.This scaffolding using U Head plate.

Standard of Frames Verticala) Standard of Frames Vertical

a) Standard is a long pipe or tube that connects the mass of the scaffold directly to the ground, and it runs the length of the scaffolding. The base of each standard is connected to a base plate, which helps distribute the weight each standard bears.Dimension: 1219(W) x 1700(H)

Ledgers and transom levelled.b) Ledgers and transom levelled.

Ledgers is in between each standard, running horizontally. Ledgers connected to the standards with right angle (double) couplers. Ledgers shall be level.

Transoms, placed on top of ledgers at a right angle, come in several different forms. Main transoms provide support for standards by holding them in position as well as supporting boards. Transom be fixed within 300mm of every standard. Where a scaffold lift does not require boarding and is a "non-working" lift, the transoms only occur at standard locations.

Scaffold component connections Connection for ledger

Right angle coupler

Connections for horizontal bracing.

Connection for tie

Load bearing coupler

Ledgers securely fixed to inside of standard with right angle coupler.

Joints in the ledgers be made with sleeve couplers and except for the first lift,shall be connected so that in any bay throughout the scaffold height, the joint occursevery other ledger so that they are diagonally opposite.

Transom be connected to thestandards with right angle (double) couplers.

Spigots (Joint Pins) be used in the connection of guardrails.

Guardrails be fixed to the inside of the standards with right angle (Double)couplers.

All bracing shall be fixed with swivels or right angle couplers.

Load bearing couplers be used for ties.

Horizontal bracing or lacing

The use of horizontal bracing on the first tier helps to square the scaffold before nailing base plates to the mudsills. Horizontal braces should be installed on the first level and on every second level thereafter. Each level of the scaffold should be fully braced in the vertical direction (cross brace) before proceeding to the next level. If the scaffold has been laid out level and square, the braces should fit easily.Vertical bracing is necessary on both sides of every frame.At every 5 lift of frame, modular scaffold to both inner & outer.

Tie back

a) At every 2 lift or every floor starting from baseb) Space not more than 3 bays or 7, 5 metres apart whichever is lesser.c) Effective temporary tie at top most working level.

Working platform

Working platform used is timber. Timber is used because its cheaper. But when timber is coloured grey with age not be used.a) The width of platforms shall, where practicable, be of legal minimum dimensions.b) There shall be adequate access to and from all working levels.c) Gaps in platforms shall not exceed 25mm.d) Unless otherwise agreed, the maximum loading on all scaffold platforms shall notexceed 1.50kn / m2.e) Scaffolding planks are closely laid across the width of the scaffold with no opening except to access to platform.f) Decking are held down securely to prevent uplift and cantilever effect.g) For timber decking, the plank used shall be at least 200 mm wide and 32 mm thick and not projecting beyond its end support more than 4 times its thickness.

Guardrail GuardrailGuardrail are fitted and connected to standard. Insure guardrails are capable of withstanding a 200 lb. Guardrail systems must be installed along all open sides and ends of platforms , and must be in place before the scaffold is released for use by employees other than erection / dismantling crews.

Hollow steel sectionHollow steel sectionTo distribute the load from working platform to the ground. The scaffolding will more stable.