Abstract

The concept of multiple cell cites started form the first generation (1G) of cellular 

technology though it was just the analog service where a higher frequency was used to

modulate the signal. With the start of the second generation (2G) cellular technology

got shifted to digital approach that included digital encryption of voice hence

increasing security. 2G also introduced hort !essaging ervice (!). With the

release of third generation ("G) cellular technology was no longer just a#out voice

calls and !. The mo#ile devices now started to connect with the internet and also

got enhanced on security and privacy. $T% ($ong Term %volution) started with "G

technology #ut it&s said to #e the fourth generation ('G). To #e a new generation of 

cellular technology the technology that difference should #e that the latest and

 previous technology doesn&t share #acward compati#ility. o $T% over the same

service provider is termed as evolved "G service #ut it&s mareted as 'G $T%.

ustification of $T% to #e 'G technology is that it is a fully pacet #ased service

which was not so in any of the previous generation. Though "G supports the pacet

data through *+, and other technology circuit switching mechanism was used for 

all the voice data. !ost distinctive feature of $T% is the ultra #road#and internet

connection that&s meant to revolutioni-e the mo#ile device.

$T% has evolved with the promises of increased downlin and uplin pea data rates

scala#le #andwidth (1.' to 2/ !*-) improved spectral efficiency and most important

of all delayed latency which is scaled down to less than 1/ms. 0se of 3!, and

!4! technology provides a improved performance for the $T% service. ,nd to

incorporate the high speed and low latency $T% has evolved new system architecture

which is generali-ed as ystem ,rchitecture %volution (,%). 5ew interface such as

1 and 62 are developed for the interconnection of evolved 5odes and service

gateways or #etween evolved 5odes.

+orting the $T% services to the conventional "G networ is more of a technological

hitch as $T% is fully pacet #ased it tries to mae circuit switching a history in

cellular technology. Though some methods are devised to attempt to port the services

such as  7o$T% (7oice over $T%) 89 (8ircuit witched all#ac) , and 7$T%

(imultaneous 7oice and $T%).

 

f all the things mentioned a#out $T% is o#vious that it is the technology of 

tomorrow. 4ncorporating everything with pacet #ased networ it has just proven

itself to #e a new improved window to access internet with ultra high speed providing

not just simple user e:perience that were mere attempt of "G technology #ut to

 provide a real life e:perience of virtual cy#er space that modern manind has created.