LTE MTC (MACHINE TYPE COMMUNICATIONS) <> SCALING IOT

Harish Vadada

GOALS <> INTERNET OF THINGS

• Collection of data: M2M communication begins with capturing an event or taking data (temperature, inventory, etc) using a device (sensor, meter, etc).

• Transmission of selected data through a communication network: Data is sent through a network to an application called a server, or to another device.

• Assessment of the data: when the application receives the data, it translates it into meaningful information (data stored, threats detected, etc) in order to be used in practical cases.

• Response to the available information: after receiving and treating the data, the applications (server or device) could send back an answer to the device.

3GPP MTC GOALS

• Significantly increases battery life, while reducing cost/complexity and enhancing coverage

• Co-exists with mobile broadband services enabling continued M2M business model innovations

• Mature ecosystem backed by global standards with seamless interoperability

• Robust security features built-in; trusted in government and finance sectors

• Congestion and Overload Control with changes to MTC Architecture changes with IP Addressing and Identification

• Grouping of MTC devices for ease of control, management, charging facilities, etc., by the operators, and help in reducing redundant signaling.

• MTC devices infrequently send or receive only small amounts of data and data transmission is only done in a predefined time period.

• MTC identifiers, addressing issue due to the huge amount of MTC devices and shortage of MSISDNs.

• Low mobility - MTC device does not move frequently.

LTE MTC building blocks:

Small data transmission: intended for use with MTC UEs that send or receive small amounts of data. Also, frequent small data transmission will be considered.

Triggering enhancements: intended for device triggering by using reference points between MTC-IWF and serving nodes (i.e., SGSN, MME, and MSC), as well as triggering efficiency optimizations.

Monitoring: intended for monitoring MTC UE related events such as loss of connectivity, change of the location of MTC UE, etc.

UE power consumptions optimizations: intended for optimizations to prevent battery drain of MTC UEs.

Group based features: optimizations to a group of MTC UEs that share one or more MTC features.

<INDUSTRY USE CASES>

CONNECTED CARS

• A vehicle capable of optimizing its own operation and maintenance as well as providing convenience and comfort to passengers using onboard sensors and Internet connectivity.

• A vehicle that provides more “driver-centric” solutions to give the driver increasing functions and improve safety.

• All cars will be connected in the future. We should be talking about connected services. This is a digital lifestyle focused on a user experience via connectivity.

• A connected car is a component of IoT. Once the car is connected to other “things” it just becomes a component of this market.

• Not everything in the connected car requires use of the Internet. The Internet connection should not be synonymous with the connected car.

• Connected cars require cloud functionality to be part of the offer. A connected car is one that is connected to the Internet and has been around for 15 years

• Collaboration between car makers/OEMs for Off-Peak Diagnostics & S/W updates

• Integrated Emergency Services and Stolen Vehicle recovery

• Monthly vehicle diagnostic reports and dealership appointment scheduling and upsell.

• In-car media optimization using LTE network for uploading, downloading and infotainment.

OIL & GAS INDUSTRY (IIOT)

• IoT applications can remotely sense, monitor, and automate dangerous tasks, such as high pressure testing, to alleviate resource shortfalls.

• In an industry characterized by far-flung operations in often-harsh environments, the IoT can "send" experts virtually to any location and accelerate production by minimizing downtime.

• IIoT can help operators link remote fields, rigs, drills, and reservoirs to a standards-based network, as well as IT systems and other data.

• McKinsey study cites worksites such as oil & gas wells and infrastructure construction as lead beneficiaries of IoT use. They involve vehicles, machines, buildings, fields, roads, dams, bridges, etc.

• Better re-use of existing resources and Infrastructure

• Focus on whole business process instead of isolated processes

• Improved ecosystem efficiency from new dependency discovery

• Existed even before the word “IoT” was coined in the form of SCADA devices.

SMART CITIES

• Smart Cities are a great, burgeoning opportunity for all manner of vendors, from broad-smart-city-wide solution providers to small single-person start ups that leverage ever increasing data from city-based sources.

• The Smart City concept includes digital city and wireless city. A Smart City describes the integrated management of information that creates value by applying advanced technologies to search, access, transfer, and process information.

• A Smart City encompasses e-Home, e-Office, e-Government, e-Health, e-Education and e-Traffic.

• It requires an understanding that no one party has all the answers and it requires strong partnerships across the city and beyond.

• By 2050 an estimated 6 billion people will live in urban areas, amounting to 75% of the global population

• City administration, to streamline management and deliver new services in an efficient way

• Public safety, to use real-time information to anticipate and respond rapidly to emergencies and threats

• Transportation, to reduce traffic congestion while encouraging the use of public transportation by improving the customer experience and making travel more efficient, secure, and safe

• Utilities, to manage outages, control costs, and deliver only as much energy or water as is required while reducing waste

HEALTH & WEARABLES (HIOT)

• The number of employers offering healthcare coverage is declining, employers and patients question the value they receive for their healthcare spending.

• Despite medical advances, significant treatment gaps still exist in many areas and patients are not receiving appropriate care.

• Wearable devices and home health monitoring devices assisting patients are capable enough to transmit vital sign data from a patient home to the hospital staff

• Some medical device product companies offer a cloud based platform that enables wireless transfer, storage, and display of clinical data.

• Change Behavior and lower health care costs by keeping a connected patient

• Engage patients for effective remote care and self care

• Expand the toolbox of treatment options and remote monitoring

• Highest and best use of doctors and healthcare providers

• Customer Relation Management improvement Increased proximity/ frequency of interactions with customers ; high added value services ; differentiation of offers.

• Patients for life, since keeping them satisfied and engaged will reduce churn

<REL.13 STANDARDS>

• UE Cat 0 with reduced bandwidth of 1.4 MHz in downlink and uplink.

• Reduced maximum transmit power.

• Reduced support for downlink transmission modes.

• Reduced maximum transmit power to 20dBm

• Reduced support for downlink transmission modes.

• Target a relative LTE coverage improvement – corresponding to 15 dB for FDD – for UEs operating delay tolerant MTC applications with respect to their respective nominal coverage.

• Relax the requirements that require high levels of processing, e.g. downlink modulation scheme, reduce downlink HARQ timeline

• Assumptions for capacity estimation

• Daily uplink report of 100 bytes, not sensitive to latency (TR 36.888)

• Ideal scheduling is assumed but all overheads from message header, RRC connection set-up and release have been included

3GPP.org - RP-141865

<UE CATEGORIES>

CAT-1 and CAT-0 are lower speed and power versions of the LTE standard which dramatically extend the addressable market for carriers and chip makers alike. They introduce new IoT targeted features, extend battery operation and lower the cost of adding LTE connectivity

A lower UE power class will allow integration of power amplifier in single chip solution

Rel-12 introduced a UE power saving mode (PSM) for improved battery life, further battery life improvements are considered in Rel-13

• UE performs periodic tracking area update (TAU) after which it stays reachable for paging during a configurable Active timer before it goes to sleep (not reachable)

• More than 10 years battery lifetime with 2 AA batteries can be achieved for delay-tolerant traffic if the TAU cycle is 10 minutes

<COMPLIMENTARY STANDARDS>

Standards that complement LTE MTC:

• Sensors & Wireless Technologies• BLE, 6lowPAN, Thread, SigFox• Wearables - ANT+, Zigbee, EnOcean

• Device Management• OMA Lightweight M2M, TR069

• Authentication Technology• CoAP, OATH 2.0, MQTT

Detailed study of the standards ecosystem - http://goo.gl/4IhGCj

IoT cycle of Adoption- where are we?

Reach out with questions/suggestions or collaborate with me …… @telecloud_5g