333REVIEWS AND NOTICES OFJ300KS

one of great practical value. Descriptions are given of

traumatic aneurysm and arterio-venous aneurysm, the article

closing with an adequate account of the special features

exhibited by aneurysms of particular arteries.The volume closes with four chapters on Injuries and

Diseases of Bones and Joints. That on Injuries of Bones iswritten by Mr. Stanley Boyd, who deals with his importantsubject in considerable detail. An accurate and practicalacquaintance with the subject of fractures is of vital im-

portance to all practitioners. These accidents are verycommon, and their treatment has to be undertaken by allexcept a very few physicians. They are also very varied intheir nature, and the successful management of all the

complications that may arise in connexion with them

often taxes the resources of the most experienced surgeons ;and yet they are accidents which the public generallyregard as simple, even commonplace, and they are very

prone to think that a result short of perfect restoration ofthe injured part must reflect discredit upon the practitionerin charge. The important thing is to have a clear grasp ofthe facts of the pathological anatomy of fractures, and tounderstand the mode of repair of these injuries. Mr. Boyddiscusses the varieties of fracture, their symptoms, complica-tions, and mode of union most fully, and our chief criticismof his article is that if anything he has been too diffuse andtoo elaborate and full for what is after all a student’s text-

book. The illustrations to this chapter are both numerousand excellent-a real assistance to the reader.

Mr. Clutton follows with a chapter on Diseases of Bones.This is a fascinating subject, and dear to every surgicalpathologist. Mr. Clutton deals with it in a style that is instrong contrast to Mr. Stanley Boyd’s-very concise and inplaces even too brief. The views enunciated are, of course,those current to-day, but Mr. Clutton is not pedantic and stillwrites of pus spreading along a bone under the periosteum,although the reader must clearly understand that the resultsdescribed are due to the presence of infective organisms, andthat to their spread is due the spread of the disease.

Mr. Marmaduke Sheild writes on Injuries of Joints, espe- I

cially Dislocations, and he has succeeded in describing ’tersely and clearly injuries which have too often been im-

]

perfectly pictured. The chapter is a thoroughly practicalone and the illustrations are really useful, especially thoseshowing in exact detail the special manipulations requiredfor the reduction of dislocations. A good account of con-

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genital dislocation of the hip-joint is given, and the various]operations which have recently been devised for this

t

deformity are described. 1

The chapter on Diseases of Joints is by Mr. A. E. Barker, 1who has devoted great attention to this important subject,

t

and who, therefore, writes upon it with authority. :lB1uch cexcellent work in both the pathology and treatment of 1diseases of joints has been accomplished during the last few

f

years, and the main results obtained will be found duly 1

recorded by Mr. Barker. The injection of iodoform emulsion Einto tuberculous synovial membrane is recommended, but no 1mention is made of the similar use of other germicides suchas chloride of zinc. Syphilitic diseases of joints are described;but we find no account of the deep worm-eaten erosions ofarticular surfaces occasionally met with in tertiarysyphilis, and of which such admirable specimens were 1exhibited last week in the Pathological Museum of the r

British Medical Association. Following the description of a

diseases of joints in general is an account of the diseases of Ithe individual joints. This part of the article is admirably t

done, and is a capital rés’Ilmi of our present knowledge and u

current practice. a

To this first volume of his System of Sargery the editor v

contributes only brief articles on s-uch subjects as the influ- tence of constitutional conditions 1iIp4ÕI1il mju.ries, 1;l.1barGuloiôÏ.i, u

haemophilia, and hysteria in its surgical relations ; his moreimportant contributions will be found in the second volume.The remaining article is on Anaesthetics, and is written byDr. F. W. Hewitt, whose experience in this subject andability in writing upon it are well known. We have alreadyspoken of the work as being well printed and abundantlyillustrated. A large number of the illustrations are original,and most of them have been executed by Mr. Berjeau. Onthe whole these illustrations are excellent, but some of themare coarse and ugly, and distinctly inferior. The illustra-tions in the chapters on Fractures and Dislocations will beparticularly appreciated by students.

In conclusion, we must heartily congratulate all those whohave been associated in the publication of this volume on thegreat measure of success they have attained. It is a

thoroughly reliible text-book, accurate, fully abreast ofcurrent knowledge, and quite equal to any of its rivals. We

anticipate that if the second volume equals this one in meritthe work will meet with great and deserved success.

Ilygqiene and Public Health. By LOUIS C. PARKLS, M.D.Fourth Edition. "Practical Series." London: H. K.Lewis. 1895.Sixes 1889 three editions of this work have been

exhausted, and a fourth is now being issued to the public.The author draws attention to the circumstance that the new

edition has been revised, and to a slight extent enlargedwhere necessary in order to keep abreast of advancingknowledge. The book now contains 520 pages, is well

illustrated, and sufficiently indexed. As in former editions,the best chapter is the one devoted to the Disposal of

Refuse, than which we believe no clearer or better descrip-tion is given in any text-book. The chapter on Food,Beverages, and Condiments is also an excellent one. The pageson The Contagia, although fairly practical, are not broughtsufficiently up to date. Neither in the chapter on the Con-tagia nor in that on Communicable Diseases is any refer-ence made to the recent researches relative to the findingof the typhoid bacillus in the urine and in the eruption,nor to its probably infrequent and accidental appear-ance in the alimentary canal. The author evidentlystill regards typhoid fever as an intoxication process.When he refers to the bacillus of typhoid fever" asalmost constantly present in the alimentary canal," heis of course confusing what is now believed to be the truetyphoid bacillus with the bacillus coli communis, the latterbeing a normal inhabitant of the intestine, although he after-wards gives some of the chemical tests which differentiate thetwo bacilli. Recent researches show that when the bacill1L’icoli communis and the typhoid bacillus are grown togetherin the same medium the former kills the latter, and thisfact no doubt applies equally to the life-period of thesebacilli in the intestine. We are glad to see that the newedition is not over-burdened with figures, and for this reasonit will no doubt be very acceptable to the busy practitioner.

MAGAZINES FOR AUGUST.

nr Prootitianer.-The journal edited by Mr. MalcolrnMorris is one of the most interesting of the monthlymedical magazines. The original communications includet very clearly written lecture on Hare-lip by Mr. ChristopherHeath, illustrated with photographs of three degrees ofthe malformation. The lecture is full of thoroughlyiseful and practical hints. Dr. Goodhart refers inm apologetic manner to a complication of influenza--

riz., Thrombosis ; Mr. Rose writes on Entorectomy byRaiuis(ill’s method, and the editor on a Method of Stain-ng the Fungi of Ringworm. Dr. Caley in CompamtÌB’c

334 NEW INVENTIONS.

Studies considers Perityphlitis, and there is a soundarticle upon Disinfection. The Medico-Literary Causeriedeals with Fees, Ancient and Modern; the balanceis much in favour of the ancient scale, for to quotean example, which the writer omits, Demokedes, a Greekphysician in slavery at Susa, cured Darius, who hadsustained a bad sprain. For this the King gave him asmany chains in gold as had previously loaded him in

iron. He also introduced him into his harem, when eachSultana gave him a dish full of golden staters, andthe stater was worth about f:1 1 is. Fancy that now," toquote Hedda Gabler’s weak husband. Reviews of the medi-cal science, abstracts from foreign journals, and therapeuticnotes make up a good number.

Chapman’s 1lTczcazirte.-The pieee de résistanee this monthis Miss Mary Wilkins’s prize detective story. It is a new linefor the talented authoress of " A New England Nun," and insome ways she has succeeded very well. Her character-

drawing is excellent, and the tale has all the elements of apopular detective story-plenty of mystery and the skilledamateur detective ; but the medico-legal element is mar.

vellously incorrect. Mr. Fairbanks is murdered by a ladydressed in overalls. She stabs him over the heart with a pair ofshears "a little after midnight." She, or rather the overalls,get covered with blood, and she slips into a cupboard in thedaughter’s room, when, feeling herself wet with blood, shecatches hold of a dress hanging in the cupboard and wipesthe stains with it. She also very imprudently leaves bloodyhand-marks upon doors and shelves, and bloody footsteps onthe floor, so the hsemorrhage was evidently profuse. The

daughter gets up at five o’clock and finds her blood-staineddress in the cupboard with the stains still 7vet. Now,punctured wounds of the heart do not bleed freelyexternally, especially when the recipient of the woundis lying down, as in this case. Also the nightis mentioned as being very hot, so the blood stains onthe dress in the cupboard would have had ample time to drybetween 12.30 and 5 A.M. These errors mar a really goodstory.: Mr. Eden Philpotts’s Demon Conger is good, and theasphyxia convulsions are well done.

The -B’MM<MM?’m.&mdash;The first article in this periodical isMr. Grant Allen’s amusing denial of the charge of " culture."To call a man cultured is almost as bad as calling him"aimiable." Dr. Forbes Winslow writes in the manner ofLombroso about the madness of genius, and Mr. J. Rice

Byrne returns to his thesis that corporal punishment inschools is an accursed thing. He is evidently referring toschools under the Education Department, but even in themwe think that an occasional flogging is most wholesome.Eton boys, Uppingham boys, Harrow boys, Winchester boys,and Westminster boys are all "swished," why should notother schoolboys be so too when it is called for, as it often is? 2

New Inventions.A NEW UREAMETER.

A NEW ureameter which I have designed possesses the fol-lowing points of advantage. It is extremely portable andsimple, but it nevertheless estimates. the amount of urea inurine with accuracy ; moreover, only a small amount ofsodium hypobromite solution is required for each estimation.The accompanying sketches will show the shape of the instru-ment. It is held in the position shown in Fig. 1, and abouthalf filled with hypobromite solution. A cubic centimetre ofurine is put into the little test-tube, which is then gently

placed in the larger open end of the ureameter, and this iscorked up. By turning over the whole thing in the directionof the hands of a clock to the position shown in Fig. 2 theurine is mixed with the hypobromite solution, and the wholeof the nitrogen given off is registered by the level of the

liquid in the graduated ;tube. After reading the indication,by turning round the instrument still further in the samedirection as before, all the hypobromite solution which hasnot been in contact with the urine may be emptied back into

the stock bottle. It is evident that with this ureameternone of the nitrogen escapes into the open air, and theamount of hypobromite solution used is very small. Messrs,

Mayer and Meltzer are the makers. C. J. MAYHEw.King’s Cellege, London.

C. J. MAYHEW.