Managing WaterCoping withScarcity andAbundance SUB Gdttlngen

209 581 905

PROCEEDINGS OF THEME A

Water for A Changing Global CommunityThe 27th Congress of theInternational Association for xxvn IAHR

Hydraulic Research

Hosted by theWater Resources Engineering Division of theAmerican Society of Civil Engineers

Series Editors: Forrest M. Holly Jr. and Adnan AlsaffarTheme Editor: Marshall EnglishTheme Co-Editor: Andras Szollosi-Nagy

San Francisco, CaliforniaAugust 10-15,1997

Published by theAmerican Societyof Civil Engineers

345 East 47th StreetNew York, New York 10017-2398

CONTENTS

THEME A - MANAGING WATER: COPING WITH SCARCITY AND ABUNDANCE

Theme Keynote Address: HAROLD D. FREDERICKSEN, USA "Are Current WaterManagement Policies Equal to the Task? 1

Session A.2APPLICATIONS OF NONLINEAR DYNAMICS, CHAOS, AND FRACTALS INCOASTAL, AND ESTUARINE MORPHODYNAMICS

Sponsor: IAHR Section 1.1 Fluid MechanicsConvenor: Giovanni Seminara, Universit'at di Genova, Italy

River Morphology: A Manifestation of Nonlinear DynamicsH.J. DE VRIEND, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands 10

Edge Wave Excitation by Random Sea WavesG. VITTORI, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy, P. BLONDEAUX, UniversityofL'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy 16

Venice Gates in WavesP. SAMMARCO, H.H. TRAN, O. GOTTLIEB, and C.C. MEI, Massachusetts.Instituteof Technology, Cambridge, MA 22

Cyclic Bar Behaviour in a Nonlinear Model of a Tidal InletH.M. SCHUTTELAARS and H.E. DE SWART, Utrecht University, Utrecht,The Netherlands 28

Dynamics of Self-Organization and the Fluvial Landscape: A NonreductionistPerspective

ANDREA RINALDO, Universitd de Padova, Padova, Italy, and IGNACIORODRIGUEZ-ITURBE, Texas A & M University, College Station.TX 34

Transport and Separation of Particles by Chaotic AdvectionAHMET C. OMURTAG, VICTOR G. STICKEL JR., SHAWN M. GOMEZ, EDWARDF. LEONARD, and RENE CHEVRAY, Columbia Universiiy, New York, NY 40

Non-Linear Methods for Analysis of Long-Term Beach and Nearshore MorphologyHOWARD N. SOUTHGATE, HR Wallingford Ltd., Oxfordshire, UK 46

Internally Generated (AUTOCYCLIC) Fluctuations in Fluvial SystemsCHRIS PAOLA, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 52

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Session A.3STORMWATER MANAGEMENT

Sponsors: IAHR Section 11.2 IAHR/IAWQ Joint Committee on Urban Storm DrainageConvenor: Govert Geldof, Tauw Civiel en Bouw Bv, The Netherlands

Flood Water HarvestTIMOTHY L. BUCHANAN, RICHARD H. FRENCH, and STEVE A. M1ZELL,Water Resources Center, Las Vegas, NV 58

Rainwater Collection and Utilization as a Potential Resource for Urban AreasSAAD A. ALGHARIANI, Alfateh University, Tripoli, Libya 64

Theoretical Analysis on Air-Entrained Flow in Vertical Drop Shafts of the Channelin Urban Drainage System

KUNIHIRO OG1HARA and TADASHIKUDOU, Toyo University, Saitama, Japan 69

Optimum Design of Self-Regulating Spring Steel Throttles for Sewer OverflowTanks

DETLEF AIGNER and Hans-B. Horlacher, Technische Universitat Dresden,Dresden, Germany 75

Infiltration of Urban Stormwater into Soils as an Integrated Part of the UrbanDrainage System

ALINA NOWAKOWSKA-BLASZCZYK, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw,Poland, and PAWEL BLASZCZYK, Institute of Environmental Protection, Warsaw,Poland 81

Infiltration as an Urban Source Control for Metal Elements and SolidsJOHN J. SANSALONE, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 86

The Infiltration of Rainwater Through Reservoir StructuresGEORGES RAIMBAULTand MICHEL LEGRET, Laboratoire Central des Ponts etChaussees, Bouguenais, France 92

Design of Stormwater Infiltration Trenches Based on Uncertain InformationPETER STEEN M1KKELSEN, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby,Denmark 98

Evaporation at the Surface of Permeable Pavement and its Impacts on the UrbanThermal Environment

VU THANH CA and TAKASHIASAEDA, Saitama University, Saitama, Japan . .104

Session A.6SCOUR AT BRIDGES

Sponsor: ASCE Task Committee on Bridge Management for Scour SafetyConvenor: Jorge Pagan-Ortiz, U.S. Federal Highway Administration

Bridge Scour Evaluation Program in the United StatesJOHNNY L. MORRIS, FHWA, Atlanta, GA, and JORGE E. PAGAN-ORTIZ, FHWA,Washington, D. C. 110

Findings of the 1-5 Bridge FailureEVERETT V. RICHARDSON, Ayres Associates, Fort Collins, CO, J. STERLINGJONES, FHWA, McLean, VA, and JAMES C. BLODGETT, USGS, Sacramento,CA 117

The Need for Research on Scour at Bridge CrossingsA.C. PAROLA, D.J. HAGERTY; University of Louisville, Louisville, KY; D.S.MUELLER; USGS, Louisville, KY, B.W. MELVILLE, University of Auckland,Auckland, New Zealand, G. PARKER, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN,AND J.S. USHER, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 124

Streamlining the Permit Approval Process for the Installation of Scour Counter-measures at Bridges

STANLEY R. DAVIS, Maryland State Highway Administration, Baltimore, MD,JORGE E. PAGAN-ORTIZ, FHWA, Washington, D.C., and LINDA KELBAUGH,Brightwater, Inc., Ellicott City, MD 130

Evaluation of Field and Laboratory Research on Scour at Bridge Piers in theUnited States

DAVID S. MUELLER, USGS, Louisville, KY, and J. STERLING JONES, FederalHighway Administration, McLean, VA 135

Research Needs in Geomorphology Pertaining to Bridge ScourRICHARD L. VOIGT, Jr., University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, CARLOSM.TORO-ESCOBAR, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, and GARYPARKER, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 141

Quantitative Techniques for Stream Stability AnalysisP.F. LAGASSE, S.A. SCHUMM, and LW. ZEVENBERGEN, Ayres Associates, Fort

- Collins, CO 147

Geomorphic Factors for Tidal Waterway Hydraulic ModelingLW. ZEVENBERGEN, J.D. SCHALL, and J.H. HUNT, Ayres Associates, FortCollins, CO 154

Pier Scour in Resistant Material: Current Research on Erosive PowerS.P. SMITH, Colorado Department of Transportation, Denver, CO, G.W.ANNANDALE, Golder Associates Inc., Lakewood, CO, P. A. JOHNSON,Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, J. S. Jones, FHWA, McLean,VA, andE.R. UMBRELL, GKY & Associates, Inc., Springfield, VA 760

Pier Riprap ProtectionB.W. MELVILLE, C. S. LAUCHLAN, and S.E. COLEMAN, The University ofAuckland, Auckland, New Zealand 766

Riprap Particle Stability by Moment AnalysisDAVID C. FROEHLICH, Parsons Brinckerhoff, Raleigh, NC 772

Design Riprap to Protect Scour Around Circular PiersTAE-HOON YOON, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea, and SUNG BUM YOON,Hanyang University, Ansan, Korea 178

Failure Behavior of Riprap Layer Around Bridge PierFOO-HOAT LIM andYEE-MENG CHIEW, Nanyang Technological University,Nanyang, Singapore 184

Influence of Lateral Momentum Transfer on Bridge Abutment ScourS. KOUCHAKZADEH and R.D. TOWNSEND, University of Ottawa, Ontario,Canada 790

Local Scaling of Bridge Abutment Scour in Compound ChannelsT.W. STURM and A. CHRISOCHO1DES, Georgia Institute of Technology,Atlanta, GA 796

Vorticity Distribution of Horseshoe Vortex on Scoured BedTOMONAO KOBAYASH1, TOSHIFUM1A1BARA, and H1ROKAZU HARADA, TokyoRika University, Chiba, Japan 202

Flow Patterns Around Bridge Piers and Offshore StructuresKAM1LH.M.AL1, OTHMAN A. KARIM, and BRIAN A. O'CONNOR, University ofLiverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom 208

Building Scour in FloodplainsALEXANDER KOHL1 and WILLIH. HAGER, VAW, ETH-Zentrum, Zurich,Switzerland 214

Physical and Computational Modeling of Bridge Scour at Oregon Inlet,North Carolina

CONOR SHEA and MICHAEL PORTS, Parsons Brinckerhoff Quade & Douglas,Inc., Baltimore, MD 220

Three-Dimensional Hydraulic Analysis for Calculation of Scour at Bridge Pierswith Fender Systems

EDWARD J. KENT, Earth Tech, Concord, NH, and JOHN E. RICHARDSON, FlowScience, Los Alamos, NM 226

Prediction of Flow Generated by Turbulent Offset JetsKAMIL H.M.ALI, OTHMAN A. KARIM, and BRIAN A. O'CONNOR, University of

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Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom 232

Experiments on Flow Upstream of a CylinderW.H. GRAF and B. YULISTIYANTO, Ecole, Polytechnique Federate, Lausanne,Switzerland 238

Numerical Analysis of Three-Dimensional Turbulent Flows Around SubmergedGroins

J. PENG, Y. KAWAHARA, and N. TAMAI, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan . . .244

Session A.8FUTURE OF IRRIGATED AGRICULTURE

Sponsor: ASCE Committee on Irrigation and DrainageConvenor: Marshall English, Oregon State University, USA

The Future of IrrigationJAN VAN SCH1LFGAARDE and THOMAS J. TROUT, USDA-AgriculturalResearch Service, Fresno, CA 250

Partial Irrigation: A Fundamental ChangeMARSHALL ENGLISH, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 256

Areal Evapotranspiration Estimation Using Several Alternative Formulationsof the Crae Hypothesis

LAKSHMAN NANDAGIRI, Karnataka Regional Engineering College,Karnataka, India 262

A Radial Model of Surface Flow: Application to Level-Basin IrrigationP. GARCIA-NAVARRO, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain, andE. PLAYAN, Estacion Exp. Aula Dei (DGA-CSIC), Zaragoza, Spain 268

Knowledge-Based Advisory System for Predictive Control of IrrigationManagement Strategies

MUHAMMAD ABID BODLA, International Waterlogging and SalinityResearch Institute, Lahore, Pakistan 274

Limitations and Consequences of Recycling Drainage Water for Irrigation Overthe Long Term

S.R. GRATTAN, University of California, Davis, CA . 279

Management of Drainage Water, Salt, and Selenium as Resourcesy CERVINKA, California Department of Food & Agriculture, Sacramento, CA,J.DIENER, Red Rock Ranch, Five Points, CA, C. FINCH, Westside ResourceConservation District, Five Points, CA, M. MARTIN, USDA-Natural ResourcesConservation Department, Fresno, CA, F. MENEZES, California Department ofWater Resources, Fresno, CA, R. MUNOZ, University of California, Davis, CA,

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andD. PETERS 285

Reuse System of Irrigation Return Flow and Water Quality Management in LowLying Creeks-Paddy Area

MASAHARU KURODA, and TETSURO FUKUDA, Kyushu University, Fukuoka,Japan 290

Wastewater Reuse for Irrigation in Arid RegionsN. ISMAIL, Arab Academy for Science & Technology, Alexandria, Egypt 296

Session A.9OPTIMAL CANAL SYSTEM OPERATION

Sponsor: ASCE Task Committee on Canal AutomationConvenor: Bert Clemmens, U.S. Water Conservation Lab

Implementation of Canal Automation in Central ArizonaA.J. CLEMMENS, E. BAUTISTA, and R.J. STRAND, U. S. Water ConservationLaboratory, Phoenix, AZ 302

Comparison of Constant Level and Constant Volume Control Method for OpenChannel Flow

FUBO LIU and JAN FEYEN, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium .303

Optimal Control of Sudden Water Release from a ReservoirBRETT F. SANDERS and NIKOLAOS D. KATOPODES, University of Michigan,Ann Arbor, MI 314

Flap Gate for Hydraulic Head ControlFELIX RAEMY and WILLIH. HAGER, VAW, ETH-Zentrum, Zurich, Switzerland 320

Local Supervisory and Control Algorithms for a Laboratory Slide GateVICTOR M. RUIZ C, RAFAEL HERRERA, and EDMUNDO PEDROZA, InstituioMexicano de Tecnologia delAgua, Morelos, Mexico 326

Accuracy of Flow Measurements in the Imperial Irrigation DistrictBRIAN WAHLIN, JOHN REPLOGLE, and ALBERT CLEMMENS, U.S. WaterConservation Laboratory, Phoenix, AZ 332

Calibration of Open Channel Flow Computer SimulationsJOHNB. PARRISH, University of Iowa, Iowa City, I A, and RAM DHAN KHALSA,USBR, Grand Junction 338

Session A. 12Multinational River Basin ManagementConvenor: Vahid Alavian, Rankin International Inc., USA

International River Basins: Forging a ConsensusBARBARA A. MILLER, VAHID ALAVIAN, RANKIN International, Inc., Knoxville,TN, GEOFFERY MATTHEWS, World Bank, Washington, D. C, and LAURA L.COLE, Tennessee Valley Authority, Knoxville, TN 977

Management of the Euphrates and Tigris River Basins: Need for a RationalApproach

MEHMETCIK BAYAZIT, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey 343

Negotiating Middle East Water Management: Lessons from Other InternationalRiver Basins

DEBORAH SHMUELl and NUR1T KLIOT, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel . .349

The July 1996 Flood on a Trans DMZ River in KoreaHYOSEOP WOO, Korea Institute of Construction Technology, Seoul, Korea 357

International River Basin Management-Imperative for Sustainable WaterDevelopment

JELISAVETA MUSKATIROVIC, Institute for Development of Water Resources,Belgrade, Yugoslavia 363

River Basin Management: Battleground for Economic GrowthCHRISTOPHER D. UNGATE, TVA, Chattanooga, TN 369

Slovenian Water Management Strategy-Towards EU Water PolicyFRANCISTEINMAN, and PR1MOZ BANOVEC, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana,Slovenia 375

The Okavango River Basin 'DANIEL P. MILLER, Stanley Consultants, Muscatine, IA 381

Managing Extremes: The IJC ExperienceLISA BOURGET, International Joint Commission, Washington, D. C, andMURRAY CLAMEN, International Joint Commission, Ottawa, Canada 387

Comprehensive Assessment of the Freshwater Resources of the WorldPAUL H. KIRSHEN, Stockholm Environment Institute, Boston, MA and TuftsUniversity, Medford, MA, and KENNETH M. STRZEPEK, University of Colorado,Boulder, CO ~ 393

Session A. 14DECISION SUPPORT ENVIRONMENTS

Sponsor: IAHR Section 1.2 Hydroinformatics

Convenor: M.B. Abbott, International Institute for Hydraulic and EnvironmentalEngineering, The Netherlands

Intranetted Management of Water ResourcesM.B. ABBOTT, and S. SH1PT0N, Infrastructure Hydraulics Environment, Delft,The Netherlands 399

Aquarius: A General Model for Efficient Water Allocation in River BasinsGUSTAVO E. DIAZ and THOMAS C. BROWN, Colorado State University, CO .405

Implementation of Object-Oriented Programming for Dynamic Simulation ofOpen Channel Flow

JOHN A. HINCKLEY, Jr., SHAWL. YU, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA,and PERRY J. LAPOTIN, U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and EngineeringLaboratory, Hanover, NH 411

The Caspian Sea Storm Surge Coastal ProtectionM. GALANT, A. ZVEGINTSEV, and P. LYSSENKO, VOLGA Ltd., Moscow,Russia 417

Session A. ISRELIABILITY-BASED DESIGN AND ANALYSIS IN WATER RESOURCES

Sponsors: IAHR Section 1.4 Probabilistic Methods, ASCE Committee onProbabilistic Approaches to HydraulicsConvenors: Steve Melching, U.S. Geological Survey; Yeou-Koung Tung,Hong Kong University of Science and Technology

A New Model for Reliability-Based Optimal Design of Water Distribution Net-works

CHENGCHAO XU, and IAN C. GOULTER, Central Queensland University,Rockhampton, Australia 423

Reliability Assessment of Water Distribution Networks Using the First OrderReliability Method

CHENGCHAO XU, and IAN C. GOULTER, Central Queensland University,Rockhampton, Australia 429

Parameter Dimension Estimation for Water Distribution NetworksCHENGCHAO XU, and KEVIN S. TICKLE, Central Queensland University,Rockhampton, Australia 435

Water Quality Modeling and Risk Analysis of the Keelung River, TaiwanJAN-TAI KUO, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ALBERT Y. KUO,The College of William and Mary, Gloucester Point, VA, and WEN-SHIANGCHUNG, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan 441

Reliability Analysis for Water Quality Management in the Han RiverKUN-YEUN HAN, and SANG-HO KIM, Kyungpook National University, Daegu,Korea 447

Uncertainty in the Design of Stream Channel RestorationPEGGY A. JOHNSON, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, andMASSIMO RINALDI, University of Florence, Florence, Italy 453

Risk-Based Design of Roadway Crossing Structures Considering IntangibleFactors

YEOU-KOUNG TUNG, Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Kowloon,Hong Kong, A. MAINARD WACKER, Wyoming Highway Department, Cheyenne,WY, and VICTOR HASFURTHER, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 458

Case Study: Lesson and Probabilistic Determination on Eroded Earth SpillwayRehabilitation

5. SAMUEL LIN, JOSEPH S. HAUGH, Virginia Dam Safety Program, Richmond,VA, and L. LYNN CLEMENTS, Rapidan Service Authority, Ruckersville, VA 464

Reservoir Reliability Design Under Interannual Climatic and HydrologicVariability

OSCAR MESA, GERMAN POVEDA, LUIS CARVAJAL, and JOSE SALAZAR,Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Medellin, Columbia 470

Statistics of Maximum FlowsEDUARDO VARAS, Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile 476

Session A.16RISK AND UNCERTAINTY IN ANALYSIS OF WATER-RESOURCES SYSTEMS

Sponsors: IAHR Section 1.4 Probabilistic Methods and ASCE Committee onProbabilistic Approaches to HydraulicsConvenors: Jose Salas, Colorado State University, USA, and Steven Buchberger,University of Cincinnati, USA

Risk Estimation of Monthly Rainfall in Semiarid RegionsBONIFACIO FERNANDEZ Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago,Chile 482

Poisson Pulse Queuing Model for Residential Water DemandsSTEVEN G. BUCHBERGER, and TRENT G. SCHADE, University of Cincinnati,Cincinnati, OH 488

An Evaluation of Data Needs to Support Flood Frequency Estimation at RegulatedSites

5. ROCKY DURRANS, SASA TOMIC, and STEPHEN J. NIX, The University ofAlabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 494

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Protection of the Environment Against Floods-A Statistical Problem?REINHARD POHL, Dresden University of Technology, Dresden, Germany . . . .500

On the Uncertainty of the Risk of Failure of Hydraulic StructuresJOSE D. SALAS, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, and JUN H. HEO,Yorisei University, Seoul, South Korea 506

Long-Term Memory in Hydrologic Series?A. R. RAO, andD. BHATTACHARYA, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN . . .512

Precipitation Variability and Curve NumbersJOSEPH A. VAN MULLEM, Natural Resources Conservation Service,Bozeman, MT 518

Errors and Variability of Reservoir Yield Estimation as a Function of theCoefficient Variation of Annual Inflows

JOSE'NILSON BEZERRA CAMPOS, Universidade Federal do Ceara, Fortaleza,Brazil, FRANCISCO DEASSIS DE SOUZA FILHO, Universidade de Fortaleza,Fortaleza, Brazil, and Jose Carlos de Araujo, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto,Ouro Preto, Brazil 524

Multivariable Marima Modeling of Water Resources Time Series: Applicationsto River Nile Ten-Day Discharges

AHMED H. EL-SAYED, Zagzig, University, Egypt, and MOHAMED ERRIH,University of Sciences and Technology, Oran, Algeria 530

Uncertainty Analysis of a Water Resources System in a Competition andPrivatization Environment

R1CARDO SMITH, ISAAC DYNER, SANTIAGO MONTOYA, and CARLOSFRANCO, National University of Colombia, Medellin, Colombia 536

Water Resource System Operation Under Hydrologic Uncertainty: The Mae KlongRiver Basin, Thailand

TAWATCHAITINGSANCHALI, and VEERAKCUDDY RAJASEKARAM, Asian,Institute of Technology, Pathumthani, Thailand 542

Stochastic Multiobjective Optimization of Multireservoir SystemsY. C. WANG, Newjec Engineering Consulting Corporation, Tokyo, Japan 548

Coping With Uncertainty in the Economical Optimization of a Dike DesignP.HA.J.M. VANGELDER, J.K. VRIJLING, and K.A. H. SLIJKHUIS, DelftUniversity of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands 554

Sensitivity and Uncertainty Analysis of a Regional Simulation Model for theNatural System in South Florida

A. M. WASANTHA LAL, JAYANTHA OBEYSEKERA, and RANDY VAN ZEE, South

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Florida Water Management District, West Palm Beach, FL 560

A Simple Extension to the 'abc' Watershed ModelRICHARD M. VOGEL, and ANTIGONIZAFIRAKOU-KOULOURIS, ThaddeusGreen, Tufts University, Medford, MA 566

The Effect of Climate Change on Danube Flow RegimeB. GAUZER, and OSTAROSOLSZKY, VITUKl, Budapest, Hungary 572

Reliability of Operation of the Volga Water-Resource System Under GlobalClimate Change Conditions

A.L. VELIKANOV, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia 578

Network Flow Model Applied to Geum River BasinG.B. YEON, Chung Cheong College, Cheong-Ju, Korea, S.B. SHIM, Chung BukUniversity, Cheong-Ju, Korea, and K. H. YOON, KICT, Seoul, Korea 583

Session A. 17Flood and Drought Estimation, Control, Management, and Mitigation

Convenor: Hsieh Wen Shen, University of California, USA

Reservoir Management During DroughtDAVID STEPHENSON, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, SouthAfrica 589

Stochastic Modeling of Hydrological DroughtsHSIEH WEN SHEN, and JENQ TZONG SH1AU, University of California,Berkeley, CA 595

Comparison of National Weather Service Operational Mean Areal PrecipitationEstimates Derived from NEXRAD Radar vs. Rain Gage Networks

BRYCE F1NNERTY, and DENNIS JOHNSON, National Weather Service, SilverSpring, MD 607

Managing Water Scarcity Through Man-Made RiversSAAD A. ALGHARIANI, Alfateh University, Tripoli, Libya 607

Studies on Stochastic Distribution Laws of Dryness/Wetness in Time and Space inYunnan

WENBINXU, YOUQUE ZHANG, and SAIZHEN ZHANG, Yunnan PolytechnicUniversity, Kunming, China *

Influence of Over-Basin Diversion Reservoir on Water ManagementYoun-Jan Lin, Ming Hsin Institute of Technology, Taiwan, ROC, Chang-Shian Chen,

* Manuscript not available at time of printing

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Feng Chia University, Taiwan, ROC, Edward S. C. Young, Constants Corp., Ltd.,Taiwan, ROC 675

Flood Risk Analysis in the Upper Adriatic Sea Due to Sea Level Rise and LandSubsidence

G. GAMBOLATI, P. TEATINI, L. TOMASI, University of Padova, Padova, Italy,M. GONELLA, MED Ingegneria S.r.L, Ferrara, Italy, and C.S. YU, C. Decouttere,Catholic University of Leuven, Heverlee, Belgium 627

Simulation of Floods in Ping River Using IIS Distributed Hydrological Model(IISDHM)

R. JHA, S. HERATH, and K. MUSIAKE, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan 627

Regional Model of Glaciers Runoff and its Application for Hydrological ForecastsV.G. KONOVALOV, Central Asian Research Hydrometeorological Institute,Tashkent, Uzbekistan 633

Coupling 1-D and 2-D Models for Floods ManagementA. PAQU1ER, and B. SIGRIST, Cemagref, Lyon, France 639

Forecasting Drought Risk for a Water Supply Storage System Using BootstrapPosition Analysis

GARYTASKER, USGS, Reston, VA, and PAUL DUNNE, USGS,West Trenton, NJ 645

Flood Attenuation Effects of Natural Flood Basins in the Sacramento Valley,California

J.C. VICK, and P.B. WILLIAMS, Philip Williams & Associates, Ltd.,San Francisco, CA 657

Hydrodynamic Approaches to Design Balancing PondsM.J.J. PIROTTON, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium 657

The Threat of Flooding and the Problem of Protection of Territories in the Deltaof the Ural River in View of the Rising of the Caspian Sea Level

V.F. POLONSKY, L.P. OSTROUMOVA, State Oceanography Institute, Moscow,Russia, Y.G. VIKULOV, and R.R. MULIKOV, Department of Ecology andBioresources, Atyrau, Kazakhstan 663

New Dimension to Spillway Gate Operation for Reducing the Flood IntensitySUNIL Y. KUTE and M.J. DEODHAR, K.K. Wagh College of Engineering,Nashik, India 669

Session A. 18BENEFITS OF PROVIDING FLEXIBLE WATER DELIVERY

Sponsor: ASCE Task Committee on Benefits of Providing Flexible Water Delivery

Convenor: Paul Cross, Lake Chelan Reclamation District, USA

A Flexible Irrigation Water Supply: Why and HowPAUL R. CROSS, Lake Chelan Reclamation District, Manson, WA 673

Irrigation District Modernization for the Western U. S.CM. BURT, S.W. STYLES, California Polytechnic State University, San LuisObispo, CA, M. F1DELL, California Polytechnic State University, San LuisObispo, CA, andE. RE1FSNIDER, USBR, Sacramento, CA 677

Experience in Operating a Large Limited Rate Arranged System - WestlandsIrrigation District

STEPHEN H. OTTEMOELLER, Westlands Water District, Fresno, CA 683

Design and Congestion Considerations for Flexible Irrigation Supply Systems,Part 1: Concepts

JOHN L. MERR1AM, and STUART STYLES, California Polytechnic StateUniversity, San Luis Obispo, CA 689

Design and Congestion Considerations for Flexible Irrigation Supply Systems,Part 2: Application

JOHN L. MERRIAM, and STUART STYLES, California Polytechnic StateUniversity, San Luis Obispo, CA 695

Use of Reservoirs and Large Capacity Distribution Systems to Simplify FlexibleOperations, Part 1: System Capacity

JOHN L. MERRIAM, and STUART STYLES, California Polytechnic StateUniversity, San Luis Obispo, CA 700

Use of Reservoirs and Large Capacity Distribution Systems to Simplify FlexibleOperations, Part 2: Reservoir Capacity and Case Studies

JOHN L. MERRIAM, and STUART STYLES, California Polytechnic StateUniversity, San Luis Obispo, CA 706

Pima-Maricopa Flexible Irrigation ProjectSHANE L1NDSTROM, Gila River Indian Community, Sacaton, AZ 777

Alleviation of Surface and Subsurface Drainage Problems by Flexible DeliverySchedules

STUART STYLES, California Polytechnic State University,San Luis Obispo, CA 777

Session A. 19HYDRODYNAMICS OF CHANNELS AND WATERWAYS

Convenor: Jeffrey. B. Bradley, WEST Consultants, USA

Entrance Flow and the Achievement of Uniform Fully-Developed Open ChannelFlow

HECTOR R. BRAVO, and JOHN W. MEINECKE, University of Wisconsin,Milwaukee, WI 723

Positive Front of a Dambreak WaveGUIDO LAUBER, and WILLIH. HAGER, VAW, ETH-Zentrum, Zurich,Switzerland 729

Analysis of Flow Field in the Meandering ChannelKOUICH1 OZAWA, Ritsumeikan University, Kyoto, Japan, and NOBUYUKITAMA1,Tokyo University, Tokyo, Japan 734

Unsteady Flow Characteristics in a Compound ChannelB. L. JAYARATNE, N. TAMA1, Y. KAWAHARA, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan,and K. KAN, Shibaura Institute of Technology, Japan 740

The Mixing Mechanism in Turbulent Two-Stage Meandering Channel FlowsP. RAMESHWARAN, and B.B. WILLETTS, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen,Scotland 746

Estimation of Flow Resistance in Ice Covered ChannelsZENGNAN DONG, ZEYU MAO, Yongtian Wang, Tsinghua University, Beijing,China, GAOFENG MU, and JING WANG, Xinjiang Institute of Water Resourcesand Hydroelectric Research, China 752

Turbulent Structure of Open and Ice-Covered Flow in a ChannelD.S. KUZNETSOV, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia, andE.I. DEBOL'SKAYA, Water Problems Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences,Moscow, Russia 758

Fluid Mixing and Boundary Shear Stress in Compound Meandering ChannelT.ISH1GAK1, Y. MUTO, N. TAKEO, and H IMAMOTO, Kyoto University, Kyoto,Japan 763

A Simple Model for Gravel-Bed RoughnessV.I. NIKORA, D.G. GORING, and B.J.F. BIGGS, National Institute of Waterand Atmospheric Research, Christchurch, New Zealand 769

Analytical Model for Hydraulic Roughness of Submerged VegetationD. KLOPSTRA, H. J. BARNEVELD, J.M, VAN NOORTWIJK, HKV Consultants,Lelystad, The Netherlands, and E. H. VAN VELZEN, Ministry of Transport, PublicWorks, and Water Management, Arnhem, The Netherlands 775

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I D or 2-D Model for River Hydraulic Studies?R. WALTON, J.B. BRADLEY, andT.R. GRINDELAND, WEST Consultants, Inc.,Seattle, WA 7S7

Steady Flow Over an Obstacle with Contraction and SillADRIAN W.K. LAW, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 787

Lateral Velocity Variations in a Compound Channel - A Practical ApproachH.S. TU, S. TAKAKI, and H. TAKAMATU, Pacific Consultants Co. Ltd., Tokyo,Japan 793

Comparison of Water Surface Profiles from Physical and Numerical Models inMixed Regime Flow

MICHAEL E. MULVIHILL, U. S. Army Corps of Engineers, Los Angeles, CA,Loyola Marymount University, Los Angeles, CA, and SCOTT E. STONESTREET,U. S. Army Corps of Engineers, Los Angeles, CA 799

Spur Dike Effects on the River Nile Morphology After High Aswan DamM.M. SOLIMAN, KM. ATT1A, KOTB, A.M. TALAAT, andA.F. AHMED, Ain ShamsUniversity, Cairo, Egypt 805

Two-Dimensional Floodwave Analysis Resulting From Breached LeveeKUN-YEUN HAN, JAE-HONG PARK, Kyungpook National University, Daegu,Korea, and JONG-TAE LEE, Kyonggi University, Seoul, Korea 811

Two-Dimensional Large Eddy Simulation for Shallow Recirculating FlowM. NASSIRI, S. BABARUTSI, and V.H. CHU, McGill University, Quebec,Canada 817

Numerical Analysis of Horizontal Vortices in Compound Open Channel Flows bythe Two-layered Flow Model

I. KIMURA, Wakayama National College of Technology Wakayama, Japan,T. HOSODA, Y. MURAMOTO, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan, and R. YASUNAGA,Tokyo Electric Power Co. Ltd., Tokyo, Japan 823

2-D Models for Flows in the River with Submerged GroinsSHIROUAYA, Osaka Institute of Technology, Osaka, Japan, ICHIRO FUJITA,Gifu University, Gifu, Japan, and NOBUYUKIMIYAWAKI, CT1 Engineering Co.Ltd., Fukuoka, Japan 827

Three Dimensional Modeling of Flow and Transport Mechanisms in MeanderingTwo-Stage Channel Flows

J. RUSSELL MANSON, Bucknell University, Lewisburg, PA, and GARETHPENDER, Glasgow University, Glasgow, United Kingdom 835

Session A.20CATCHMENT HYDRAULICS AND HYDROLOGY

Modeling for Study of the Hydrologic Processes in Watershed

ADILSON PINHEIRO, PHILIPPE MA1S0N, and BERNARD CAUSSADE,Institut de Mecanique des Fluides de Toulouse, Toulouse, France 841

Watershed-Change Induced Uncertainty on Runoff Frequency for WaterResources Management

STEFANO PAGLIARA, University di Pisa, Italy, Ben Chie Yen, University of Illinois,Urbana, 1L 847

A Physically Based Model for Large River BasinsW.T. SLOAN, J. EWEN, C.G. KILSBY, C.S. FALLOWS, and P.E. O'CONNELL,University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom 853

Water and Energy Balances and Their Spatial Distribution in a Catchment ofComplex Land Use

Y. JIA, andN. TAMAI, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan 859

Continuous Distributed-Parameter Hydrologic Modeling with CASC2DFREDL. OGDEN, SHARIKA U.S. SENARATH, University of Connecticut,Storrs, CT 864

Session A.2IHYDRAULICS AND WATER QUALITY OF PIPE SYSTEMS

Optimization of Piped SystemsB. B. SHARP, Burnell Research Laboratory, Victoria, Australia 870

Mathematical Modelling of Water Quality in Distribution SystemsDOMENICO PIANESE, FRANCESCO PIROZZ1, and LUCIO TAGLIALATELA,University of Naples, Naples, Italy 875

Influence of Distinct Processes on the Quality of Water in Distribution SystemsDOMENICO PIANESE, FRANCESCO PIROZZI, and LUCIO TAGLIALATELA,University of Naples, Naples, Italy 881

Reliability of Algorithms for Water Quality Analysis in Hydraulic NetworksSAMIELMAALOUF, The Levantine Engineers Society, Los Angeles, CA, andYOUNG C. KIM, California State University, Los Angeles, CA 887

Session A.22REGIONAL WATER RESOURCE MANAGEMENT

Bohol-Cebu Water Supply Project Central Visayas, The PhilippinesDAVID W. PRASIFKA, Brown & Root, Inc., Houston, TX *

: Manuscript not available at time of printing

xxii

Enhancement of Irrigation Systems in Developing Countries. A "Holistic"Approach

SAMIELMAALOUF, The Levantine Engineers Society, Los Angeles, CA, andYOUNG C. KIM, California State University, Los Angeles, CA 893

A Study on Water Management of an Irrigation Scheme in Sri LankaSHAHANE DE COSTA, Open University of Sri Lanka, Dehiwela, Sri Lanka .. .899

The Use of Aquifers in Saudi Arabia to Reclaim and Store WastewatersACH1M. 1SHAQ, and AMIR ALI KHAN, King Fahd University of Petroleum &Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia 905

The Salt Water Intrusion in the Maryout AquiferRAWYA M. KANSOH, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt 977

Subject Index 923

Author Index 931