Mandate and Objectives

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1.0 Introduction

1.1 Origin of the report:

I was required to do a report on Industrial Relations (HRM 414) course and this was

authorized by my course instructor Ms. Nargis Akhter, Associate professor, Department

of Business Studies of East West University. I was required to analyze the ILO

conventions on Bangladesh perspective that is which conventions Bangladesh had

accepted.

1.2 Purpose of the report:

The main purpose of the report was to know and analyze the conventions that Bangladeshhad accepted. To know this I had to go through a thorough research on the conventions.

1.3 Methodology:

In order to complete the requirement of this report, I had to visit the local ILO office at

Dhanmondi, collect necessary documents, and talk to the ILO officials to know more

about ILO and the conventions that Bangladesh accepted. Basically I followed a

secondary data analysis method to get this report done.

1.4 Limitations:

I tried to use all necessary information to contract an effective and efficient report but due

to some unavoidable circumstances like time shortage, information shortage, and for

study pressure of other courses I could not do the report in a more attractive manner and

there might be mistakes in the body parts as well.

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2.0 History of ILO

2.1 Origins and Process of Creation

The need for such an organization had been advocated in the nineteenth century by two

industrialists, Robert Owen (1771-1853) of the United Kingdom and Daniel Le Grand

(1783-1859) of France. Their ideas were put to the test within the International

Association for Labour Legislation, founded in Basle in 1901; their ideas were

incorporated into the Constitution of the International Labour Organization, adopted by

the Peace Conference in April 1919.

The initial motivation was humanitarian. The condition of workers, more and more

numerous and exploited without consideration for their health, their family lives and their

advancement, was less and less acceptable. This preoccupation appears clearly in the

Preamble of the Constitution of the ILO, where it is stated, "conditions of labour exist

involving ... injustice, hardship and privation to large numbers of people.

The second motivation was political. Without an improvement in their condition, the

workers, whose numbers were ever increasing as a result of industrialization, would

create social unrest, even revolution. The Preamble notes that injustice produces "unrest

so great that the peace and harmony of the world are imperiled."

The third motivation was economic. Because of its inevitable effect on the cost of

production, any industry or country adopting social reform would find itself at a

disadvantage vis--vis its competitors. The Preamble states that "the failure of any nation

to adopt humane conditions of labour is an obstacle in the way of other nations which

desire to improve the conditions in their own countries."

Another reason for the creation of the International Labour Organization was added by

the participants of the Peace Conference, linked to the end of the war to which workers

had contributed significantly both on the battlefield and in industry. This idea appears at

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2.2 Creation date and Birthplace:

It was founded in 1919 and is the only surviving major creation of the Treaty of

Versailles, which brought the League of Nations into being. In 1946 it became the first

specialized agency associated with the United Nations.

3.0 Mandate and Objectives

The International Labour Organization is a UN specialized agency which seeks the

promotion of social justice and internationally recognized human and labour rights.

3.1 The strategic objectives of ILO:

The support of the International Labour Office to its constituents in the Caribbean is

guided by the overarching theme of promoting decent work for all. The goal of decent

work is to advance opportunities for women and men to obtain decent and productive

employment in conditions of freedom, equity, security and human dignity. Decent work

brings together the four strategic objectives of the ILO:

1. Promote and realize standards and fundamental principles and rights at work

2. Create greater opportunities for women and men to secure decent employment and

income

3. Enhance the coverage and effectiveness of social protection for all

4. Deepen tripartism and social dialogue by strengthening the capabilities and

knowledge base of the social partners

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3.2 Brief Overview of Main Activities

The ILO formulates international labour standards in the form of Conventions andRecommendations setting minimum standards of basic labour rights: freedom of

association, the right to organize, collective bargaining, abolition of forced labour,

equality of opportunity and treatment, and other standards regulating conditions across

the entire spectrum of work related issues. It provides technical assistance primarily in

the fields of vocational training and vocational rehabilitation; employment policy; labour

administration; labour law and industrial relations; working conditions; management

development; cooperatives; social security; labour statistics; and occupational safety and

health. It promotes the development of independent employers' and workers'

organizations and provides training and advisory services to those organizations.

4.0 The Structure of ILO: Governing Bodies

The ILO accomplishes its work through three main bodies, all of which encompass the

unique feature of the Organization: its tripartite structure (government, employers, and

workers).

1. International Labour Conference: The member States of the ILO meet at the

International Labour Conference in June of each year, in Geneva. Each member State is

represented by two government delegates, an employer delegate and a worker delegate.

They are accompanied by technical advisors. It is generally the Cabinet Ministers

responsible for labour affairs in their own countries that head the delegations, take thefloor and present their governments' points of view.

Employer and worker delegates can express themselves and vote according to

instructions received from their organizations. They sometimes vote against each other or

even against their government representatives.

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The Conference plays a very important role. It establishes and adopts international labour

standards. It acts as a forum where social and labour questions of importance to the entire

world are discussed. The Conference also adopts the budget of the Organization and

elects the Governing Body.

2.The Governing Body is the executive council of the ILO and meets three times a year

in Geneva. It takes decisions on the ILO policies. It establishes the program and the

budget which it then submits to the Conference for adoption. It also elects the Director-

General.

It is composed of 28 government members, 14 employer members and 14 worker

members. Ten of the government seats are permanently held by States of chief industrial

importance. Representatives of other member countries are elected at the Conference

every three years, taking into account geographical distribution. The employers and

workers each elect their own representatives.

3. The International Labour Office is the permanent secretariat of the International

Labour Organization and focal point for the overall activities that it prepares under the

scrutiny of the Governing Body and under the leadership of a Director-General, who is

elected for a five-year renewable term. The Office serves as an action centre andresearch, documentation and administrative body; it employs some 1,700 officials of over

110 nationalities at the Geneva Headquarters and offices in some 50 countries. In

addition, about 600 experts undertake missions in all regions of the world under the

program of technical cooperation.

5.0 The Conventions of ILO up to 2009:

The conventions of ILO up to 2009 show that how the ILO has managed to contribute tothe welfare of the working class and owners of the mills and factories. The ILO

conventions up to 2009 are given underneath:

No. 1 Hours of Work (Industry) Convention, 1919

2 Unemployment Convention, 1919

3 Maternity Protection Convention, 1919

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4 Night Work (Women) Convention, 1919 (shelved)

5 Minimum Age (Industry) Convention, 1919

6 Night Work of Young Persons (Industry) Convention, 1919

7 Minimum Age (Sea) Convention, 1920

8 Unemployment Indemnity (Shipwreck) Convention, 1920

9 Placing of Seamen Convention, 1920

10 Minimum Age (Agriculture) Convention, 1921

11 Right of Association (Agriculture) Convention, 1921

12 Workmens Compensation (Agriculture) Convention, 1921

13 White Lead (Painting) Convention, 1921

14 Weekly Rest (Industry) Convention, 1921

15 Minimum Age (Trimmers and Stokers) Convention, 1921 (shelved)

16 Medical Examination of Young Persons (Sea) Convention, 1921

17 Workmens Compensation (Accidents) Convention, 1925

18 Workmens Compensation (Occupational Diseases) Convention, 1925

19 Equality of Treatment (Accident Compensation) Convention, 1925

20 Night Work (Bakeries) Convention, 1925 (shelved)

21 Inspection of Emigrants Convention, 1926 (shelved)

22 Seamens Articles of Agreement Convention, 1926

23 Repatriation of Seamen Convention, 1926

24 Sickness Insurance (Industry) Convention, 1927

25 Sickness Insurance (Agriculture) Convention, 1927

26 Minimum Wage-Fixing Machinery Convention, 1928

27 Marking of Weight (Packages Transported by Vessels) Convention, 1929

28 Protection against Accidents (Dockers) Convention, 1929 (shelved)

29 Forced Labour Convention, 1930

30 Hours of Work (Commerce and Offices) Convention, 1930

31 Hours of Work (Coal Mines) Convention, 1931 (withdrawn by the ILC decision of

15 June 2000)

32 Protection against Accidents (Dockers) Convention (Revised), 1932

33 Minimum Age (Non-Industrial Employment) Convention, 1932

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34 Fee-Charging Employment Agencies Convention, 1933 (shelved)

35 Old-Age Insurance (Industry, etc.) Convention, 1933 (shelved)

36 Old-Age Insurance (Agriculture) Convention, 1933 (shelved)

37 Invalidity Insurance (Industry, etc.) Convention, 1933 (shelved)

38 Invalidity Insurance (Agriculture) Convention, 1933 (shelved)

39 Survivors Insurance (Industry, etc.) Convention, 1933 (shelved)

40 Survivors Insurance (Agriculture) Convention, 1933 (shelved)

41 Night Work (Women) Convention (Revised), 1934 (shelved)

42 Workmens Compensation (Occupational Diseases) Convention (Revised), 1934

43 Sheet-Glass Works Convention, 1934 (shelved)

44 Unemployment Provision Convention, 1934 (shelved)

45 Underground Work (Women) Convention, 1935

46 Hours of Work (Coal Mines) Convention (Revised), 1935 (withdrawn by the ILC

decision of 15 June 2000)

47 Forty-Hour Week Convention, 1935

48 Maintenance of Migrants Pension Rights Convention, 1935 (shelved)

49 Reduction of Hours of Work (Glass-Bottle Works) Convention, 1935 (shelved)

50 Recruiting of Indigenous Workers Convention, 1936 (shelved)

51 Reduction of Hours of Work (Public Works) Convention, 1936 (withdrawn by the

ILC decision of 15 June 2000)

52 Holidays with Pay Convention, 1936

53 Officers Competency Certificates Convention, 1936

54 Holidays with Pay (Sea) Convention, 1936

55 Ship-owners Liability (Sick and Injured Seamen) Convention, 1936

56 Sickness Insurance (Sea) Convention, 1936

57 Hours of Work and Manning (Sea) Convention, 1936

58 Minimum Age (Sea) Convention (Revised), 1936

59 Minimum Age (Industry) Convention (Revised), 1937

60 Minimum Age (Non-Industrial Employment) Convention (Revised), 1937 (shelved)

61 Reduction of Hours of Work (Textiles) Convention, 1937 (withdrawn by the ILC

decision of 15 June 2000)

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62 Safety Provisions (Building) Convention, 1937

63 Convention concerning Statistics of Wages and Hours of Work, 1938

64 Contracts of Employment (Indigenous Workers) Convention, 1939 (shelved)

65 Penal Sanctions (Indigenous Workers) Convention, 1939 (shelved)

66 Migration for Employment Convention, 1939 (withdrawn by the ILC decision of

15 June 2000)

67 Hours of Work and Rest Periods (Road Transport) Convention, 1939 (shelved)

68 Food and Catering (Ships Crews) Convention, 1946

69 Certification of Ships Cooks Convention, 1946

70 Social Security (Seafarers) Convention, 1946

71 Seafarers Pensions Convention, 1946

72 Paid Vacations (Seafarers) Convention, 1946

73 Medical Examination (Seafarers) Convention, 1946

74 Certification of Able Seamen Convention, 1946

75 Accommodation of Crews Convention, 1946

76 Wages, Hours of Work and Manning (Sea) Convention, 1946

77 Medical Examination of Young Persons (Industry) Convention, 1946

78 Medical Examination of Young Persons (Non-Industrial Occupations) Convention,

1946

79 Night Work of Young Persons (Non-Industrial Occupations) Convention, 1946

80 Final Articles Revision Convention, 1946

81 Labour Inspection Convention, 1947

Protocol of 1995 to the Labour Inspection Convention, 1947

82 Social Policy (Non-Metropolitan Territories) Convention, 1947

83 Labour Standards (Non-Metropolitan Territories) Convention, 1947

84 Right of Association (Non-Metropolitan Territories) Convention, 1947

85 Labour Inspectorates (Non-Metropolitan Territories) Convention, 1947

86 Contracts of Employment (Indigenous Workers) Convention, 1947 (shelved)

87 Freedom of Association and Protection of the Right to Organise Convention, 1948

88 Employment Service Convention, 1948

89 Night Work (Women) Convention (Revised), 1948

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Protocol of 1990 to the Night Work (Women) Convention (Revised), 1948

90 Night Work of Young Persons (Industry) Convention (Revised), 1948

91 Paid Vacations (Seafarers) Convention (Revised), 1949 (shelved)

92 Accommodation of Crews Convention (Revised), 1949

93 Wages, Hours of Work and Manning (Sea) Convention (Revised), 1949

94 Labour Clauses (Public Contracts) Convention, 1949

95 Protection of Wages Convention, 1949

96 Fee-Charging Employment Agencies Convention (Revised), 1949

97 Migration for Employment Convention (Revised), 1949

98 Right to Organize and Collective Bargaining Convention, 1949

99 Minimum Wage Fixing Machinery (Agriculture) Convention, 1951

100 Equal Remuneration Convention, 1951

101 Holidays with Pay (Agriculture) Convention, 1952

102 Social Security (Minimum Standards) Convention, 1952

103 Maternity Protection Convention (Revised), 1952

104 Abolition of Penal Sanctions (Indigenous Workers) Convention, 1955 (shelved)

105 Abolition of Forced Labour Convention, 1957

106 Weekly Rest (Commerce and Offices) Convention, 1957

107 Indigenous and Tribal Populations Convention, 1957

108 Seafarers Identity Documents Convention, 1958

109 Wages, Hours of Work and Manning (Sea) Convention (Revised), 1958

110 Plantations Convention, 1958

Protocol of 1982 to the Plantations Convention, 1958

111 Discrimination (Employment and Occupation) Convention, 1958

112 Minimum Age (Fishermen) Convention, 1959

113 Medical Examination (Fishermen) Convention, 1959

114 Fishermens Articles of Agreement Convention, 1959

115 Radiation Protection Convention, 1960

116 Final Articles Revision Convention, 1961

117 Social Policy (Basic Aims and Standards) Convention, 1962

118 Equality of Treatment (Social Security) Convention, 1962

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119 Guarding of Machinery Convention, 1963

120 Hygiene (Commerce and Offices) Convention, 1964

121 Employment Injury Benefits Convention, 1964 [Schedule I amended in 1980]

122 Employment Policy Convention, 1964

123 Minimum Age (Underground Work) Convention, 1965

124 Medical Examination of Young Persons (Underground Work) Convention, 1965

125 Fishermens Competency Certificates Convention, 1966

126 Accommodation of Crews (Fishermen) Convention, 1966

127 Maximum Weight Convention, 1967

128 Invalidity, Old-Age and Survivors Benefits Convention, 1967

129 Labour Inspection (Agriculture) Convention, 1969

130 Medical Care and Sickness Benefits Convention, 1969

131 Minimum Wage Fixing Convention, 1970

132 Holidays with Pay Convention (Revised), 1970

133 Accommodation of Crews (Supplementary Provisions) Convention, 1970

134 Prevention of Accidents (Seafarers) Convention, 1970

135 Workers Representatives Convention, 1971

136 Benzene Convention, 1971

137 Dock Work Convention, 1973

138 Minimum Age Convention, 1973

139 Occupational Cancer Convention, 1974

140 Paid Educational Leave Convention, 1974

141 Rural Workers Organizations Convention, 1975

142 Human Resources Development Convention, 1975

143 Migrant Workers (Supplementary Provisions) Convention, 1975

144 Tripartite Consultation (International Labour Standards) Convention, 1976

145 Continuity of Employment (Seafarers) Convention, 1976

146 Seafarers Annual Leave with Pay Convention, 1976

147 Merchant Shipping (Minimum Standards) Convention, 1976

Protocol of 1996 to the Merchant Shipping (Minimum Standards) Convention, 1976

148 Working Environment (Air Pollution, Noise and Vibration) Convention, 1977

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149 Nursing Personnel Convention, 1977

150 Labour Administration Convention, 1978

151 Labour Relations (Public Service) Convention, 1978

152 Occupational Safety and Health (Dock Work) Convention, 1979

153 Hours of Work and Rest Periods (Road Transport) Convention, 1979

154 Collective Bargaining Convention, 1981

155 Occupational Safety and Health Convention, 1981

Protocol of 2002 to the Occupational Safety and Health Convention, 1981

156 Workers with Family Responsibilities Convention, 1981

157 Maintenance of Social Security Rights Convention, 1982

158 Termination of Employment Convention, 1982

159 Vocational Rehabilitation and Employment (Disabled Persons) Convention, 1983

160 Labour Statistics Convention, 1985

161 Occupational Health Services Convention, 1985

162 Asbestos Convention, 1986

163 Seafarers Welfare Convention, 1987

164 Health Protection and Medical Care (Seafarers) Convention, 1987

165 Social Security (Seafarers) Convention (Revised), 1987

166 Repatriation of Seafarers Convention (Revised), 1987

167 Safety and Health in Construction Convention, 1988

168 Employment Promotion and Protection against Unemployment Convention, 1988

169 Indigenous and Tribal Peoples Convention, 1989

170 Chemicals Convention, 1990

171 Night Work Convention, 1990

172 Working Conditions (Hotels and Restaurants) Convention, 1991

173 Protection of Workers Claims (Employers Insolvency) Convention, 1992

174 Prevention of Major Industrial Accidents Convention, 1993

175 Part-Time Work Convention, 1994

176 Safety and Health in Mines Convention, 1995

177 Home Work Convention, 1996

178 Labour Inspection (Seafarers) Convention, 1996

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179 Recruitment and Placement of Seafarers Convention, 1996

180 Seafarers Hours of Work and the Manning of Ships Convention, 1996

181 Private Employment Agencies Convention, 1997

182 Worst Forms of Child Labour Convention, 1999

183 Maternity Protection Convention, 2000

184 Safety and Health in Agriculture Convention, 2001

185 Seafarers Identity Documents Convention (Revised), 2003

Maritime Labour Convention, 2006 [this Convention does not have a number]

187 Promotional Framework for Occupational Safety and Health Convention, 2006

6.0 The conventions that Bangladesh has accepted:

As we all know that ILO does not directly provide labour laws rather, they make

standards that known as Conventions. Every member country has to follow those. So

far, ILO has established 187 conventions amongst which Bangladesh had accepted few.

The conventions which Bangladesh had accepted are given underneath with brief

elaboration:

C1: Hours of Work (Industry) Convention, 1919

In this convention hours of work in different industries have been mentioned and

standard is made according to that. In this convention, special terms like standards for the

workers of mine, shipping yard, and underground workers have been mentioned clearly.

The provisions regarding sea transport has been mentioned here as well.

C4: (Shelved) Night Work (Women) Convention, 1919

Provisions relating to work in night time for female worker have been adopted in this

convention. This convention was established in 1919 in ILOs general meeting in

Washington. In this convention, special terms like night, night work has been defined

and adopted clearly and rules regarding that have been mentioned.

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C6: Night Work of Young Persons (Industry) Convention, 1919

The subject of this convention was to eliminate child labour and taking measures for the

protection of children and young persons. As we know that in our country, under certain

circumstances child can be appointed to industries. So in this regard Bangladesh

government had adopted this policy to assure the safety and right of young and child

worker at night time.

C11: Right of Association (Agriculture) Convention, 1921

The heart content of this convention is the right of the worker to make and maintain

relations with their peers, supervisors and bosses. There were also provisions mentioned

for building collective bargaining agent and freedom of association so that workers can

rightfully fight for their rights.

C14: Weekly Rest (Industry) Convention, 1921

This provision is all about working time especially mentioning that an worker must get at

least once a week that 24 hours break to enjoy his personal leisure. It is strongly

recommended that every owner of the factory will must ensure this weekly off for the

worker to enjoy themselves.

C15: (Shelved) Minimum Age (Trimmers and Stokers) Convention, 1921

The minimum age for the trimmers and stokers has been mentioned here. Under this

convention, decision was made regarding to the prohibition of the employment of any

person under the age of eighteen years as trimmer or stoker, which is included in the

eighth item of the agenda of the Session.

C16: Medical Examination of Young Persons (Sea) Convention, 1921

In this rule, provisions relating to medical checkups of the sea going workers i.e. sailors

and master of the ship has been mentioned. Under this convention, special term like

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vessel is defined clearly. Mandatory medical examination of health of young children

and other workers are confirmed here.

C18: Workmen's Compensation (Occupational Diseases) Convention, 1925

The summary of this convention is all about social safety or security of workers regarding

their compensations. Compensation due to occupational diseases has been mentioned

especially under this act. This convention was set on 19th May 1921.

C19: Equality of Treatment (Accident Compensation) Convention, 1925

The General Conference of the International Labour Organization, having been convened

at Geneva by the Governing Body of the International Labour Office, and having met in

its Seventh Session on 19 May 1925, and having decided upon the adoption of certain

proposals with regard to the equality of treatment for national and foreign workers as

regards workmen's compensation for accidents, the second item in the agenda of the

Session.

C21: (Shelved) Inspection of Emigrants Convention, 1926

The subject of this convention was however, migrant workers. Mandate regarding the

simplification of the inspection of emigrants on board ship, the question on the agenda of

the Session. Special terms like emigrant, emigrant vessel have been defined here.

C22: Seamen's Articles of Agreement Convention, 1926


at Geneva by the Governing Body of the International Labour Office, and having met in

its Ninth Session on 7 June 1926, and having decided upon the adoption of certain

proposals with regard to seamen's articles of agreement, which is included in the first

item of the agenda of the Session.

C27: Marking of Weight (Packages Transported by Vessels) Convention, 1929

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The heart of this convention was to ensure the rights of the dockworkers. Provisions

regarding marking of the weight on heavy packages transported by vessels were

confirmed, which is included in the first item of the agenda of the Session.

C29: Forced Labour Convention, 1930

This is a convention showing the result of forced labour. The General Conference of the

International Labour Organization, having been convened at Geneva by the Governing

Body of the International Labour Office, and having met in its Fourteenth Session on 10

June 1930, and having decided upon the adoption of certain proposals with regard to

forced or compulsory labour, which is included in the first item on the agenda of the

Session.

C32: Protection against Accidents (Dockers) Convention (Revised), 1932

This convention is basically a repetition of the previous convention of compensating the

workers working on loading and unloading ships. This is granted as a partial correction of

the previously made convention regarding the compensation of the dockworkers.

C45: Underground Work (Women) Convention, 1935

This is the convention where occupational safety and health has been mentioned under

the condition of underground working of female workers. Certain proposals with regard

to the employment of women on underground work in mines of all kinds were taken

under this act.

C59: Minimum Age (Industry) Convention (Revised), 1937

It is the revised convention of fixing the minimum age for admission of children in

industry works. Basically elimination of child labour and protection of children and

young persons is the main perspective of this law. Special term like industrial

undertaking was defined under this convention. Besides, working age in different

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sectors of industries like coal mine, shipping yard was mentioned specifically under this

term.

C80: Final Articles Revision Convention, 1946

Convention for the partial revision of the conventions adopted by the General conference

of the International Labour Organization at Its first Twenty-eight sessions for the purpose

of making provision for the future discharge of certain chancery functions entrusted by

the said conventions to the Secretary-General of the League of Nations and introducing

therein certain further amendments consequential upon the dissolution of the League of

Nations and the amendment of the constitution of the International Labour Organization.

C81: Labour Inspection Convention, 1947

It is the convention concerning Labour Inspection in industry and commerce. The

General Conference of the International Labour Organization, having been convened at

Geneva by the governing body of the International Labour Office, and having met in its

Thirtieth Session on 19 June 1947, and having decided upon the adoption of certain

proposals with regard to the organization of labour inspection in industry and commerce,

which is the fourth item on the agenda of the Session.

C87: Freedom of Association and Protection of the Right to Organize Convention,

1948

It is the convention relating to freedom of association and protection of the right to

organize the labour in an organization. The core subjects were however, Freedom of

Association, Collective Bargaining and Industrial Relations. Under this subjects different

provisions were made to ensure both workers and employers rights.

C89: Night Work (Women) Convention (Revised), 1948

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Different provisions were revised under this convention. The provisions however were

made much before this act was in function. The thing is, night shift work provisions for

women were made much before but, in 1948, the revised version of the same act come

into public showing the labour laws being more sophisticated.

C90: Night Work of Young Persons (Industry) Convention (Revised), 1948

This convention is similar to the previous one. I mean, the work for young person was

never a new idea for the then industrialists. But the previous provisions had some

problems that caught the attention of the ILO authority and they felt that the laws shall

have to be more updated and both labour employer and govt. friendly. So they changed

the previous provisions, updated those and again they introduced the more revised

version of the night work of young persons in different industries.

C96: Fee-Charging Employment Agencies Convention (Revised), 1949


at Geneva by the governing body of the International Labour Office, and having met in

its Thirty-second Session on 8 June 1949, and having decided upon the adoption of

certain proposals with regard to the revision of the Fee-Charging Employment Agencies

Convention, 1933, adopted by the Conference at its Seventeenth Session, which is

included in the tenth item on the agenda of the session.

C98: Right to Organize and Collective Bargaining Convention, 1949

It is the convention concerning the Application of the Principles of the right to organize

and to bargain collectively. The General conference of the International Labour

Organization, having been convened at Geneva by the Governing Body of the

International Labour Office, and having met in its Thirty-second session on 8 June 1949,

and having decided upon the adoption of certain proposals concerning the application of

the principles of the right to organize and to bargain collectively, which is the fourth item

on the agenda of the session.

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C100: Equal Remuneration Convention, 1951

We used to see that in many industries of our country there was discrimination in paying

workers remuneration due to their gender. Female workers used to get less money then

that of their male colleagues. Under this convention, the ILO had provided opportunity to

equalize male and female worker in terms of their wage earning from the industry.

C105: Abolition of Forced Labour Convention, 1957

Once upon a time when there was no sophisticated and shaped labour laws, the owners

used to force their workers to work as per the owners wish. So it was completely

inhuman. For the time being the workers realized that they will not be able to come out

from this disaster. So the ILO on behalf of them, realizing the inhuman scenario, had

proposed a convention to prohibit the forceful working in every industry conveying that

there are provisions of punishment for giving illegal pressure to the workforce.

C106: Weekly Rest (Commerce and Offices) Convention, 1957

Workers, at the end of the day are human beings. They deserve a rest as well. But once

there was industrial practice that, there was no weekly off for the workers beside the

inhuman condition to work. So ILO beholding this situation passed this convention

mentioning the provisions of weekly off at least for 24 hours for each workers of factory

so that they can enjoy their personal life.

C107: Indigenous and Tribal Populations Convention, 1957

The tribal people, not in our country but also in many other countries were deprived of

joining the industrial workforce due to their belonging to the aboriginal group. May be

they had better capability or creativity but still they were opposed by the owners to join

the workforce because they were minority. But, ILO provided equal opportunity for the

aboriginal group to join the workforce by providing this convention.

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C116: Final Articles Revision Convention, 1961

It is however the convention concerning the partial revision of the conventions adopted

by the General Conference of the International Labour Organization at its first Thirty-two

sessions for the purpose of standardizing the provisions regarding the preparation of

reports by the governing body of the International Labour Office on the working of

conventions.

So, as we can see that Bangladesh as a member country follows the rules and regulations

and standard provided by ILO, but still lack of proper implementation and monitoring is

not letting the employees or workers to uphold or establish their rights and enjoy a

fruitful and congenial atmosphere at workplace.

7.0 Conclusion:

The labour laws in different countries have been gradually improving since the inception

of the International Labour Organization. A wonderful sense of unity began to originate

among the workers of the world. Fresh life came to the labour-management process. The

workers thought themselves not helpless. They became capable of choosing the Court of

action. The attitudes of the owners towards their employees began to become normal andtransparent. Labour problem began to matter much in the industrial governance. The

aspirations of the workers for a just social order in the labour sector have been fulfilled so

to say.

8.0 Bibliography:

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1. The International Labour Organization Journals and Publications- ILO office,

Dhanmondi, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

2. www.ilo.org

3. ILOLEX database: www.ilo.org/ilolex/english/index.htm

4. www.pro169.org

5. www.ilo.org/indegenous

6. Help from The Bangladesh Labour Code, 2006 and Other related Laws

7. http://www.ilo.org/public/english/protection/condtrav/pdf/rdwpaper43a.pdf

8. http://www.ilo.org/global/What_we_do/Publications/ILOBookstore/lang--

en/index.htm

9. Action against child labour IPEC highlights 2008.

10. A guide to worker displacement: Some tools for reducing the impact on workers,

communities and enterprises (update 2009)

11. Achieving equal employment opportunities for people with disabilities through

legislation. Guidelines

12. ABC of women workers' rights and gender equality

13. Accident prevention on board ship at sea and in port (2nd edition). Code of

practice

14. IPEC news, vol. 3, November 2009

15. Freedom of association in practice: Lessons learned. Global Report under the

follow-up to the ILO Declaration on Fundamental Principles and Rights at Work.

Report of the Director-General, 2008
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