manual of design and operation sanitary landfill

CODE OF STATE REGULATIONS 1Rebecca McDowell Cook (7/31/98)Secretary of State

Rules of

Department of Natural ResourcesDivision 80�Solid Waste Management

Chapter 3�Sanitary Landfill

Title Page

10 CSR 80-3.010 Design and Operation..........................................................................3

10 CSR 80-3.011 Design and Operation ........................................................................19

10 CSR 80-3.020 Emergency Landfill Extensions.............................................................19

Title 10�DEPARTMENT OFNATURAL RESOURCES

Division 80�Solid Waste ManagementChapter 3�Sanitary Landfill

10 CSR 80-3.010 Design and Operation

PURPOSE: This rule pertains to the designand operation of a sanitary landfill.

Editor�s Note: The secretary of state hasdetermined that the publication of this rule inits entirety would be unduly cumbersome orexpensive. The entire text of the material ref-erenced has been filed with the secretary ofstate. This material may be found at theOffice of the Secretary of State or at the head-quarters of the agency and is available to anyinterested person at a cost established bystate law.

(1) General Provisions.(A) This rule is intended to provide for

sanitary landfill area operations that will haveminimal impact on the environment. The rulesets forth requirements and the method of sat-isfactory compliance to ensure that thedesign, construction and operation of sanitarylandfills will protect the public health, pre-vent nuisances and meet applicable environ-mental standards. The requirement subsec-tions contained in this rule delineate mini-mum levels of performance required of anysanitary landfill operation. The satisfactorycompliance subsections are presented as theauthorized methods by which the objectivesof the requirements can be realized. The sat-isfactory compliance subsections are basedon the practice of sanitary landfilling munic-ipal solid waste. If techniques other thanthose listed as satisfactory compliance indesign or operation are used, it is the obliga-tion of the sanitary landfill owner/operator todemonstrate to the department in advancethat the techniques to be employed will satis-fy the requirements. Procedures for the tech-niques shall be submitted to the departmentin writing and approved by the department inwriting prior to being employed. Notwith-standing any other provision of these rules,when it is found necessary to meet objectivesof the requirement subsections, the depart-ment may require changes in design or oper-ation as the condition warrants.

(B) Owners/operators of sanitary landfillsthat close after October 9, 1991 and prior toOctober 9, 1993, and do not apply the finalcover and establish vegetation on the sanitarylandfill within one hundred eighty (180) daysof last receipt of waste, or an alternative time

frame negotiated with the department, aresubject to all the requirements of this rule.

(C) Sanitary landfills not in compliancewith the requirements of this chapter and of10 CSR 80-2 are considered to be opendumps, which are prohibited by state law.

(2) Solid Waste Accepted.(A) Requirement. Only the following solid

wastes shall be accepted for disposal in a san-itary landfill: municipal waste; bulky waste;demolition and construction wastes; brushand wood wastes; cut, chipped or shreddedtires as defined in 10 CSR 80-8; soil; rock;concrete; related inert solids relatively insol-uble in water; and incinerator and air pollu-tion control residues generated from facilitiesexempted under 10 CSR 80-2.020(9)(A)2.

(B) Satisfactory Compliance�Design. Theplans shall specify the types of waste to beaccepted for disposal at a sanitary landfill.

(C) Satisfactory Compliance�Operations.1. Certain bulky solid wastes, such as

automobile bodies and furniture shall becrushed on solid ground and then pushedonto the working face near the bottom of thecell. Other bulky items, such as demolitionwastes, tree stumps and large timbers shall bepushed onto the working face near the bottomof the cell. Bulky waste shall be excludedfrom the first layer of waste placed above acomposite liner to ensure that the integrity ofthe liner and leachate collection system hasbeen maintained.

2. Dead animals shall be placed on theworking face with other municipal solidwastes and covered immediately with solidwaste or soil.

3. The disposal of special wastes whichhave been approved in the construction per-mit shall be conducted in accordance with theapproved design and operating plans plus anyadditional procedures determined by thedepartment as necessary to protect the envi-ronment.

4. For the disposal of special wastes notspecifically approved in the construction per-mit, a special waste disposal request formshall be completed by the generator of thewaste and the operator of the sanitary landfillprior to acceptance and disposal of the waste.The completed request shall be retained inthe sanitary landfill operating record. Nei-ther a permit modification nor prior approvalis required unless deemed necessary by thedepartment due to the characteristics of thespecial waste.

(3) Solid Waste Excluded.(A) Requirement. The following are

excluded from disposal:

1. Regulated quantities of hazardouswaste;

2. Radioactive materials as follows:A. The tailings or wastes produced by

the extraction or concentration of uranium orthorium from any ore processed primarily forits source material content as defined in theAtomic Energy Act of 1954, 42 U.S.C. sec-tion 2014(e)(2)(1996);

B. Any radioactively-contaminatedmaterial used in or resulting from the cleanupof radioactively-contaminated sites;

C. Any byproduct, source or specialnuclear material regulated by the AtomicEnergy Act of 1954;

D. Radioactive material used in orresulting from medical processes or liquidradioactive material, unless the material has ahalf-life of less than thirty (30) days;

E. Naturally Occurring RadioactiveMaterial (NORM) except with prior writtenapproval from the Missouri Department ofNatural Resources;

F. Any accelerator-produced radioiso-topes, unless the material has a half-life ofless than thirty (30) days;

G. Smoke detectors, electron tubes,luminous wristwatches and clocks, luminouslock illuminators, luminous automobile shiftquadrants, luminous marine compasses andluminous thermostat dials and pointers inquantities greater than ten (10) items fromany single source;

H. �Low-level radioactive waste� asdefined in section 260.700, RSMo asradioactive waste that is not classified ashigh-level radioactive waste and that is classA, B, or C low-level radioactive waste asdefined in 10 CFR 61.55, as that sectionexisted on January 26, 1983. �Low-levelradioactive waste� or �waste� does notinclude any such radioactive waste that isowned or generated by the United StatesDepartment of Energy; by the United StatesNavy as a result of the decommissioning ofits vessels, or as a result of any research,development, testing or production of anyatomic weapon; and

I. Any greater-than-class-C radioac-tive waste;

3. Explosives;4. Regulated quantities of polychlorinat-

ed biphenyls (PCBs);5. Bulk liquids;6. Highly flammable or volatile sub-

stances;7. Septic tank pumpings;8. Major appliances;9. Waste oil;10. Lead-acid batteries;11. Waste tires as provided by 10 CSR

80-8.020;


Chapter 3—Sanitary Landfill 10 CSR 80-3

12. Yard waste; and13. Infectious waste as provided by 10

CSR 80-7.010.(B) Satisfactory Compliance�Design.

1. In consultation with the department,the applicant shall determine what wastes areto be accepted and shall identify them in theplan and the application for a constructionpermit. The criteria used to determinewhether the waste can be accepted shallinclude the design of the landfill, the physicaland chemical characteristics of the wastes,the quantity of the wastes, and the proposedoperating procedures.

2. The plans shall specify the operatingprocedures for screening and removal ofwastes which are excluded from disposalaccording to subsection (3)(A) of this rule.Operating procedures for the screening andremoval of excluded wastes shall include:

A. At a minimum, random inspec-tions of incoming loads unless theowner/operator takes other steps to ensurethat incoming solid wastes do not containwastes excluded from disposal at sanitarylandfills;

B. Records of any inspections; C. Training of facility personnel to

recognize unacceptable wastes; andD. Immediate notification of the

department if a regulated hazardous waste,regulated PCB waste, or infectious waste isdiscovered at the facility.

(C) Satisfactory Compliance�Operations.1. A sign with the following wording

shall be displayed prominently at the siteentrance. �Regulated hazardous waste,radioactive materials, polychlorinated bip-henyls (PCBs), bulk liquids, highly flam-mable or volatile substances, septic tankpumpings, major appliances, waste oil, lead-acid batteries, waste tires as provided by 10CSR 80-8, yard waste, explosives and regu-lated infectious waste are excluded from dis-posal.�

2. The operating procedures for screen-ing of wastes and for removal of wastes whichare excluded from disposal according to sub-section (3)(A) of this rule shall be imple-mented.

3. Bulk or noncontainerized liquid wasteshall not be placed in a sanitary landfillunless�

A. The waste is household waste oth-er than septic waste; or

B. The waste is leachate or gas con-densate derived from the sanitary landfill,and the sanitary landfill is designed with acomposite liner and leachate collection sys-tem as described in sections (9) and (10). Theowner/operator of sanitary landfill conduct-ing recirculation shall submit a request for

departmental approval to recirculate leachateor gas condensate.

4. Containers holding liquid waste maynot be placed in a sanitary landfill unless�

A. The container is a small containersimilar in size to that normally found inhousehold waste; or

B. The waste is household waste.

(4) Site Selection.(A) Requirement. Site selection and uti-

lization shall include a study and evaluationof geologic and hydrologic conditions andsoils at the proposed sanitary landfill and anevaluation of the environmental effect uponthe projected use of the completed sanitarylandfill. Owners/operators shall documentcompliance with all applicable siting restric-tions and shall submit this documentation tothe department by April 9, 1994, for existingsanitary landfills or prior to receiving a con-struction permit for sanitary landfills permit-ted after January 1, 1996. Any existing san-itary landfill that cannot demonstrate compli-ance with paragraphs (4)(B)1. through(4)(B)6. must close by October 9, 1996.

(B) Satisfactory Compliance�Design.1. Airport safety.

A. Owners/operators of sanitary land-fills operating after October 9, 1993, that arelocated within ten thousand feet (10,000') ofany airport runway end used by turbojet air-craft or within five thousand feet (5,000') ofany airport runway end used by only piston-type aircraft shall demonstrate to the depart-ment that the sanitary landfills are designedand operated so that the landfill does not posea bird hazard to aircraft.

B. Owners/operators proposing to sitenew sanitary landfills and horizontal expan-sions of existing sanitary landfills within afive (5)-mile radius of any airport runway endused by turbojet aircraft or piston-type air-craft shall notify the affected airport and theFederal Aviation Administration (FAA).

2. Owners/operators of sanitary land-fills, operating after October 9, 1993, locat-ed in one hundred (100)-year floodplainsshall demonstrate to the department that thesanitary landfill will not restrict the flow ofthe one hundred (100)-year flood, reduce thetemporary water storage capacity of thefloodplain, or result in washout of solid wasteso as to pose a hazard to public health or theenvironment.

3. Wetlands. A. Sanitary landfills permitted after

October 9, 1993, and unfilled surfaces ofexisting sanitary landfills shall not be locatedin wetlands, unless the owner/operator canmake the following demonstrations to thedepartment:

(I) The presumption that a practica-ble alternative to the proposed landfill isavailable which does not involve wetlands isclearly rebutted;

(II) The construction and operationof the sanitary landfill will not�

(a) Cause or contribute to viola-tions of any applicable state water qualitystandard;

(b) Violate any applicable toxiceffluent standard or prohibition under section307 of the federal Clean Water Act;

(c) Jeopardize the continuedexistence of endangered or threatened speciesor result in the destruction or adverse modi-fication of a critical habitat, protected underthe Endangered Species Act of 1973; and

(d) Violate any requirementunder the Marine Protection, Research, andSanctuaries Act of 1972 for the protection ofa marine sanctuary;

(III) The sanitary landfill will notcause or contribute to significant degradationof wetlands. The owner/operator shalldemonstrate the integrity of the sanitary land-fill and its ability to protect ecologicalresources by addressing the following factors:

(a) Erosion, stability and migra-tion potential of native wetland soils, mudsand deposits used to support the landfill;

(b) Erosion, stability and migra-tion potential of dredged and fill materialsused to support the landfill;

(c) The volume and chemicalnature of the waste disposed of in the landfill;

(d) Impacts on fish, wildlife andother aquatic resources and their habitat frompotential release of solid waste from the land-fill;

(e) The potential effects of con-tamination of the wetland and the resultingimpacts on the environment; and

(f) Any additional factors, asnecessary, to demonstrate that ecologicalresources in the wetland are sufficiently pro-tected;

(IV) Steps have been taken toattempt to achieve no net loss of wetlands (asdefined by acreage and function) by firstavoiding impacts to wetlands to the maximumextent practicable as required by subpara-graph (4)(B)3.A. of this rule, then minimiz-ing unavoidable impacts to the maximumextent practicable, and finally offsettingremaining unavoidable wetland impactsthrough all appropriate and practicable com-pensatory mitigation actions (for example,restoration of existing degraded wetlands orcreation of man-made wetlands); and

(V) The requirements of paragraph(4)(B)3. may be satisfied by the owner/oper-ator obtaining a United States Army Corps of

4 CODE OF STATE REGULATIONS (7/31/98) Rebecca McDowell CookSecretary of State

10 CSR 80-3—NATURAL RESOURCES Division 80—Solid Waste Management

Engineers permit for construction in a wet-land or by demonstrating that the wetland isnot regulated by the United States ArmyCorps of Engineers, or other appropriateagency.

4. Sanitary landfills permitted afterOctober 9, 1993, and unfilled surfaces ofexisting sanitary landfills located in the seis-mic impact zone shall not be located withintwo hundred feet (200') of a fault that has haddisplacement in Holocene time unless thatowner/operator demonstrates to the depart-ment that an alternative setback distance ofless than two hundred feet (200') will preventdamage to the structural integrity of the land-fill and will be protective of public health andthe environment.

5. Sanitary landfills permitted afterOctober 9, 1993, and unfilled surfaces ofexisting sanitary landfills shall not be locatedin seismic impact zones, unless theowner/operator demonstrates to the depart-ment that all containment structures, includ-ing liners, final covers, leachate collectionsystems and surface water control systems,are designed to resist permanent cumulativeearthquake displacements not to be greaterthan six inches (6"), resulting from the max-imum credible Holocene time earthquakeevent�s acceleration versus time history.

6. Owners/operators of sanitary land-fills, operating after October 9, 1993, locat-ed in an unstable area shall demonstrate tothe department that the sanitary landfill�sdesign ensures that the integrity of the struc-tural components of the sanitary landfill willnot be disrupted. The owner/operator shallconsider the following factors, at a minimum,when determining whether an area is unsta-ble:

A. On-site or local rock or soil condi-tions that may result in failure or significantdifferential settling;

B. On-site or local geologic or geo-morphologic features; and

C. On-site or local human-made fea-tures or events (both surface and subsurface).

7. Plans shall include:A. A map showing initial and pro-

posed topographies at contour intervals offive feet (5') or less. This map shall have ascale of not less than one inch (1") equal toone hundred feet (100'). If the entire site can-not be illustrated on one (1) plan sheet, anadditional map with appropriate horizontaland vertical scales that allows the site to beshown on one (1) standard plan sheet isrequired;

B. A map showing the land use andzoning within one-fourth (1/4) mile of thesanitary landfill including location of all res-idences, buildings, wells, water courses,

springs, lakes, rock outcroppings, caves,sinkholes and soil or rock borings. All elec-tric, gas, water, sewer and other utility ease-ments or lines that are located on, under orover the sanitary landfill shall be shown onthe map. This map shall have a scale of notless than one inch (1�) equals four hundredfeet (400�);

C. A description of the projected useof the closed sanitary landfill. In addition tomaintenance programs and provisions, wherenecessary for monitoring and controllingdecomposition gases and leachate, the plansshall address the following ultimate use crite-ria:

(I) Structures. It is not recommend-ed practice to construct major structureswithin the permitted area of a closed sanitarylandfill. If major structures are to be builtwithin the permitted area of a closed sanitarylandfill, prior written approval from thedepartment is required. A professional engi-neer shall approve their design and construc-tion, including provision for protectionagainst potential hazards of solid wastedecomposition gases; and

(II) Other uses. Appropriatedesign, construction and operating provisionsfor the sanitary landfill shall be specified tocomplement the projected future use; and

D. An evaluation of the characteristicsand quantity of available on-site soil withrespect to its suitability for sanitary landfill-ing operations. The engineering propertiesand quantity estimates of the on-site soil shallbe discussed and shall include:

(I) Texture. Sieve and hydrometeranalyses shall be performed to determinegrain size distribution of representative soilsamples. Texture may be determined by usingthe procedures described in ASTM methodD422-63 or the procedures described inAppendix D of Engineer Manual 1110-2-1906, prepared by the United States ArmyCorps of Engineers;

(II) Plasticity. The liquid limit,plastic limit and plasticity index of represen-tative soil samples shall be determined. Plas-ticity may be determined by using the proce-dures described in ASTM method D4318-84or the procedures described in Appendix IIIof Engineer Manual 1110-2-1906, preparedby the United States Army Corps of Engi-neers;

(III) Hydraulic conductivity. Labo-ratory hydraulic conductivity tests shall beperformed upon undisturbed representativesoil samples using a flexible wall permeame-ter (ASTM D-5084). If an aquifer is foundto be laterally continuous across the antici-pated limit of the proposed landfill, thehydraulic conductivity of each significant

continuous geologic unit must be determined.Examples of accepted field tests are in situslug or pump tests which isolate the geologicunit of interest; and

(IV) Area extent and depth. Thearea extent and depth of soil suitable for land-fill construction shall be determined. Varia-tions in soil depth shall be clearly described.

8. If the base of the landfill liner will bein contact with groundwater, the applicantshall demonstrate to the department�s satis-faction that the groundwater will not adverse-ly impact the liner.

(C) Satisfactory Compliance�Operations. 1. The sanitary landfill shall be accessi-

ble to vehicles which the sanitary landfill isdesigned to serve by all-weather roads lead-ing from the public road system; temporaryroads shall be provided as needed to deliverwastes to the working face.

2. The sanitary landfill shall not belocated in an area where the public roads oraccess roads to the sanitary landfill may beflooded preventing use of the sanitary landfillunless an alternate sanitary landfill is avail-able.

(5) Design.(A) Requirement. Plans, addendums, as-

built drawings, or other documents whichdescribe the design, construction, operation,or closure of a sanitary landfill or whichrequest an operating permit modification forthe sanitary landfill shall be prepared orapproved by a professional engineer. Thesedocuments shall be stamped or sealed by theprofessional engineer and submitted to thedepartment for review and approval.

(B) Satisfactory Compliance�Design.1. Plans submitted as part of an applica-

tion for a construction permit after the effec-tive date of this rule shall provide for themaintenance of a one hundred foot (100')-buffer zone between the outer edge of thelandfill liner and any property line(s) or anyright-of-way(s) of adjoining road(s) when theproperty line(s) is inside the right-of-way(s)to provide room for assessment and/or reme-dial actions.

2. The plan shall include an operatingmanual describing the various tasks that shallbe performed during a typical shift.

3. Owners/operators of sanitary landfillsshall demonstrate how adverse geologic andhydrologic conditions may be altered or com-pensated for via surface water drainage diver-sion, underdrains, sumps, and other struc-tural components. All alterations of the siteshall be detailed in the plans.

A. Precipitation, evapotranspirationand climatological conditions shall be consid-ered in site selection and design.



B. Engineering plans and specifica-tions that have computer models attached tothem shall list the limitations and assump-tions of each model used in the application.

4. Plans shall include stability analysesfor all stages of landfill construction.

A. Settlement and bearing capacityanalysis shall be performed on the in-placefoundation material beneath the disposalarea. The effect of foundation material set-tlement on the liner and leachate collectionsystem shall be evaluated.

B. Stability analysis shall be per-formed on all liner and leachate system com-ponents.

C. Leachate collection pipe materialand drainage media shall be analyzed todemonstrate that these components possessstructural strength to support maximum loadsimposed by overlying waste materials andequipment.

D. Waste mass stability analysis shallbe performed on the disposal area at finalwaste grade conditions and at intermediateslope conditions.

E. Stability analysis shall be per-formed on all final cover system components,including an evaluation of the effect of wastesettlement on the final cover system compo-nents, side-slope liner system components,surface water management system compo-nents and gas migration system components.

(C) Satisfactory Compliance�Operations. 1. Construction and operation of the

sanitary landfill shall be conducted in accor-dance with the engineering plans and specifi-cations approved by the department.

2. The operating manual describing thevarious tasks that shall be performed during atypical shift shall be available to employeesfor reference and to the department uponrequest.

3. Phase development drawings shall beincluded with the application.

(6) Quality Assurance/Quality Control(qa/qc).

(A) Requirement. The construction, opera-tion and closure of the sanitary landfill shallinclude quality assurance and quality controlmeasures to ensure compliance with approvedplans and all applicable federal, state andlocal requirements. The permittee shall beresponsible for ensuring that the qualityassurance/quality control supervision is con-ducted by a qualified professional.

(B) Satisfactory Compliance�Design. 1. Plans shall include:

A. A detailed description of the qa/qctesting procedures that will be used for everymajor phase of construction. The descriptionmust include at a minimum, the frequency of

inspections, field testing, laboratory testing,equipment to be utilized, the limits for testfailure, and a description of the procedures tobe used upon test failure;

B. A detailed procedure for thereporting and recording of qa/qc activitiesand testing results; and

C. Continuous visual classification ofborrow soil during landfill construction byqualified qa/qc inspector(s) or certifying pro-fessional engineer.

2. All qa/qc reports shall be reviewedand approved by a professional engineer.

(C) Satisfactory Compliance�Operations.1. At a minimum qa/qc testing shall

include:A. Testing of each lift of the soil com-

ponent of the final cover and landfill liner forfield density and field moisture once perevery ten thousand (10,000) square feet andproviding relatively uniform coverage overthe landfill surface;

B. Laboratory hydraulic conductivitytesting of the soil used for liner constructiononce for every five thousand (5,000) cubicyards of liner constructed;

C. Continuous visual classification ofborrow soil during landfill construction byqualified qa/qc inspector(s) or certifying pro-fessional engineer;

D. Measuring the elevations of thefinal cover and the landfill liner on a maxi-mum spacing of one hundred-foot (100') cen-ters and at one hundred-foot (100') intervalsalong each line where a break in slopeoccurs.

(I) Landfill liner. Measuring theelevations of the top and bottom of the land-fill liner.

(II) Final cover. Measuring the ele-vations of the top and bottom of�

(a) The compacted clay layersupporting the geomembrane liner; and

(b) The soil layer supportingvegetative growth;

E. Nondestructive testing of all seamsof the geomembrane in the landfill liner andfinal cover;

F. Random destructive testing of theseams of the geomembrane liner in the land-fill liner and final cover on an average fre-quency of at least one (1) every five hundred(500) linear feet of seams; and

G. Verification of the thickness of theleachate collection media by qualified qa/qcinspector(s) or certifying professional engi-neer on one hundred-foot (100') centers.

2. All testing shall be performed underthe direction of qualified qa/qc inspectors forevery major phase of construction.

3. The qa/qc plan shall provide the fol-lowing components:

A. Leachate collection system.Reports prepared or approved by the profes-sional engineer transmitting the results of theqa/qc procedures and stating that the leachatecollection system was constructed accordingto the approved design or describing anydeviations from the approved design; and

B. Liner. The liner specified by sec-tion (10) of this rule shall be constructed inaccordance with the approved design specifi-cations. The qa/qc procedures shall include:

(I) Evidence that the liner materi-al(s) utilized meet the minimum design spec-ifications;

(II) Evidence that field constructiontechniques are resulting in the minimumdesign specifications (for example, soil densi-ty tests);

(III) Evidence that the liner con-struction is proceeding as designed throughregular verification using a predeterminedsystem of horizontal and vertical survey con-trols; and

(IV) Oversight of the liner con-struction and qa/qc procedures by a profes-sional engineer. This shall include reportsprepared, or approved, by the professionalengineer transmitting the results of the qa/qcprocedures and stating that the liner was con-structed according to design or describingany deviations from the design.

(7) Survey Control. (A) Requirement. Benchmarks, horizontal

controls and boundary markers shall beestablished by a land surveyor to check andmark the location and elevations of the sani-tary landfill. Construction stakes marking anindividual section(s) or phase(s) shall beestablished as necessary to ensure the con-struction and operation proceed in accor-dance with approved plans.

(B) Satisfactory Compliance�Design. 1. Boundary survey. A survey of the

entire permitted acreage shall be conducted inaccordance with the current Minimum Stan-dards for Property Boundary Surveys 10 CSR30-2.010.

2. Vertical control. The land surveyorshall establish a permanent monument as abenchmark or confirm the prior establish-ment of a benchmark on or adjacent to theproperty. The elevation shall be on the NorthAmerican Vertical Datum, 1929 or similarwell documented datum. If no such estab-lished datum exists within one (1) mile of theproperty, a project datum may be assigned tothe benchmark. The benchmark shall beclearly shown on the survey plat.

3. Horizontal control. The land survey-or shall establish three (3) permanent monu-ments as horizontal control stations. These



stations shall form a triangle whose sidesshall not be less than one thousand feet(1000'). The location of the horizontal con-trol will be shown on the survey plat.

4. The land surveyor shall establishboundary markers designating the entire per-mitted acreage which shall be composed ofmaterial which will last throughout the life ofthe sanitary landfill.

5. Construction stakes. Stakes markingthe individual section(s) or phase(s) specifi-cally designated for the placement of solidwaste are to be placed in locations and com-posed of material that is consistent with theoperating life of the section or phase.

(C) Satisfactory Compliance�Operations. 1. All boundary markers, benchmarks,

horizontal control stations and constructionstakes shall be clearly marked and identified.

2. Missing or displaced benchmarks orhorizontal control stations shall be replacedor reestablished by or under the supervisionof a land surveyor. The registered surveyorshall prepare a plat showing the replacementor reestablishment and furnish a copy to thedepartment.

3. Missing or displaced constructionstakes shall be replaced or reestablished asnecessary to ensure the operations proceed inaccordance with approved plans.

4. The permanent monuments designat-ing vertical and horizontal control stationsand boundary markers designating the entirepermitted acreage shall be placed prior toreceiving an operating permit as required by10 CSR 80-2.020(2)(B).

5. Construction stakes marking theactive area shall be placed prior to depositionof waste in individual areas, sections or phas-es of the sanitary landfill as designated by theapproved engineering plans.

(8) Water Quality. (A) Requirement. The location, design,

construction and operation of the sanitarylandfill shall minimize environmental hazardsand shall conform to applicable ground andsurface water quality standards and require-ments. Applicable standards are federal, stateor local standards and requirements that arelegally enforceable.

(B) Satisfactory Compliance�Design. 1. Plans shall include:

A. A report on the detailed geologicand hydrologic investigation of the site asrequired by 10 CSR 80-2.015.

B. Current and projected use of waterresources in the potential zone of influence ofthe sanitary landfill;

C. Groundwater elevation and pro-posed separation between the lowest point of

the lowest cell and the predicted maximumwater table elevation;

D. Potential interrelationship of thesanitary landfill, local aquifers and surfacewaters based on historical records or othersources of information;

E. Proposed location and design ofobservation wells, sampling stations and test-ing program planned; and

F. Provisions for surface water runoffcontrol to minimize infiltration and erosion ofcover. All applicable permits and approvalsnecessary to comply with requirements of theMissouri Clean Water Law and correspond-ing rules shall be obtained from the depart-ment.

(I) The area of the watershed whichwill be affected by the sanitary landfill shallbe specified.

(II) On-site drainage structures andchannels shall be designed to prevent flowonto the active portion of the sanitary landfillduring peak discharge from at least a twenty-five (25)-year storm. The engineering calcu-lations and assumptions shall be included andexplained in the engineering report.

(III) On-site drainage structures andchannels shall be designed to collect and con-trol at least the water volume resulting from atwenty-four (24)-hour, twenty-five (25)-yearstorm.

(IV) On-site drainage and channelsshall be designed to empty expeditiously afterstorms to maintain the design capacity of thesystem.

(V) Contingency plans for on-sitemanagement of surface water which comes incontact with solid waste shall be specified.

(C) Satisfactory Compliance�Operations.1. Surface water courses and runoff

shall be diverted from the sanitary landfill(especially from the working face) by devicessuch as ditches, berms, and proper grading.The sanitary landfill shall be constructed andgraded so as to promote rapid surface waterrunoff without excessive erosion. Regradingshall be done as required during constructionand after completion to avoid ponding of pre-cipitation and to maintain cover integrity.

2. The quantity of water coming in con-tact with solid waste shall be minimized bythe daily operational practices. Water whichcomes in contact with solid waste shall bemanaged as leachate in accordance with theapproved plans.

(9) Leachate Collection System.(A) Requirement. A leachate collection

system shall be designed, constructed, main-tained and operated to collect and removeleachate from the sanitary landfill.

(B) Satisfactory Compliance�Design. Thepotential for leachate generation shall be eval-uated in determining the design of the system.Leachate flow quantities shall be estimatedand the method(s) of leachate treatment anddisposal shall be outlined. Leachate storageand treatment facilities shall comply with allcurrently applicable requirements of the Mis-souri Clean Water Law and correspondingrules. Construction quality assurance/qualitycontrol (qa/qc) procedures shall be included.Where a leachate treatment system isdesigned to have a discharge to the waters ofthe state, any required discharge permit(s)shall be obtained from the department inaccordance with requirements of the MissouriClean Water Law and corresponding rules.

1. Minimum design criteria for leachatecollection systems shall include the follow-ing:

A. Ponds and/or tanks of sufficientcapacity to store, equalize flow to disposalsystems, and allow system/operating flexibil-ity;

B. Construction material chemicallyresistant to the waste managed in the sanitarylandfill and the leachate expected to be gen-erated;

C. Construction materials of suffi-cient strength and thickness to prevent col-lapse under the pressures exerted by overly-ing solid wastes, cover, leachate, and by anyequipment used at the sanitary landfill;

D. Design and operate systems tofunction without clogging through the sched-uled operating life, closure and post-closureof the sanitary landfill;

E. Design and operate systems tomaintain less than one foot (1') depth ofleachate over the disposal area liner; and

F. Design and operate systems so thatany leachate formed will flow by gravity intocollection areas from which the leachate canbe removed, treated, and disposed.

2. Leachate management by recircula-tion within the permitted fill area shall beconducted in accordance with an approvedengineering method.

3. Any leachate collection system opento the atmosphere must be designed to pre-vent discharge during a twenty-five (25)-year,twenty-four (24)-hour storm event. Plansshall include the calculations detailing thedesign.

4. The applicant shall provide a methodof leachate management in the application. Asecondary or �backup� method of leachatedisposal will be required unless the applicantcan demonstrate that a secondary method willnot be necessary.

(C) Satisfactory Compliance�Operations.



1. The leachate collection systems spec-ified by subsection (9)(B) shall be properlyinstalled and operated in accordance with thepermit and the approved design and plans andmaintained for the thirty (30)-year post-clo-sure care period, or as long as the departmentdetermines necessary.

2. Leachate generated by the sanitarylandfill shall be controlled on-site and not beallowed to discharge off the sanitary landfillproperty or discharge into the waters of thestate, except in accordance with the approvedplans and the Missouri Clean Water Law andcorresponding rules.

(10) Liner System.(A) Requirement. A liner shall be placed

on all surfaces to minimize the migration ofleachate from the sanitary landfill.

(B) Satisfactory Compliance�Design. Acomposite liner shall be installed at all land-fills permitted after October 9, 1993, andexisting landfills with uncovered surfaces, asdetermined by the department on a site-by-site basis, that consists of two (2) compo-nents�

1. An upper component that shall con-sist of a minimum thirty (30) mil thickgeomembrane. Geomembrane componentsconsisting of high density polyethylene(HDPE) shall be at least sixty (60) mil thick;

2. A lower component that shall consistof a least a two foot (2')-layer of compactedsoil with a hydraulic conductivity of no morethan 1 × 10-7 cm/sec. A compacted soil lin-er at a minimum shall be constructed of six toeight-inch (6�8") lifts, compacted to ninety-five percent (95%) of standard Proctor densi-ty with the moisture content between opti-mum moisture content and four percent (4%)above the optimum moisture content, or with-in other ranges of density and moisture thatare shown to provide for the liner to have ahydraulic conductivity no more than 1 ×10-7 cm/sec. The design shall include adetailed explanation of the construction tech-niques and equipment necessary to achieveninety-five percent (95%) of the standardProctor density under field conditions. Thedesign also shall include qa/qc procedures tobe followed during construction of the liner.The composite liner shall be protected fromthe adverse effects of desiccation orfreeze/thaw cycles after construction, but pri-or to placement of waste. Traffic shall berouted so as to minimize the detrimentalimpact on the constructed liner prior toplacement of waste. The soils used for thispurpose shall meet the following minimumspecifications:

A. Be classified under the UnifiedSoil Classification Systems as CL, CH, orSC (ASTM Test D2487-85);

B. Allow more than thirty percent(30%) passage through a No. 200 sieve(ASTM Test D1140);

C. Have a liquid limit equal to orgreater than twenty (20) (ASTM Test D4318-84);

D. Have a plasticity index equal to orgreater than ten (10) (ASTM Test D4318-84);and

E. Have a coefficient of permeabilityequal to or less than 1 × 10-7 cm/sec whencompacted to ninety-five percent (95%) ofstandard Proctor density with the moisturecontent between optimum moisture contentand four percent (4%) above the optimummoisture content, when tested by using(ASTM D-5084) a flexible wall permeameteror other procedures approved by the depart-ment;

3. The geomembrane component shallbe installed in direct and uniform contactwith the compacted soil component so as tominimize the migration of leachate throughthe geomembrane should a break occur; and

4. All solid waste disposal areas shallhave a minimum bottom slope in any direc-tion of flow of at lease one percent (1%).

(C) Satisfactory Compliance�Operations. 1. A test pad shall be constructed at the

site and tested to verify that the proposedconstruction and quality control (qc) proce-dures are adequate to ensure that the soilcomponent of the composite liner system willmeet the requirements of (10)(B)2. of thisrule.

A. Construction and qc procedures tobe used during test pad construction shall bedescribed in detail in the approved engineer-ing report, and shall be identical to those pro-posed for liner construction with the follow-ing additions:

(I) At least two laboratory hydraulicconductivity tests shall be performed onundisturbed samples of the completed testpad;

(II) At least one (1) in situhydraulic conductivity test shall be performedon the completed test pad; and

(III) At least two (2) test pits shallbe excavated into the completed test pad toobserve interlift bonding.

B. If test pad construction and testingshows that the proposed methods are not suf-ficient to meet the requirements of paragraph(10)(B)2. of this rule, a new test pad shall beconstructed using revised proceduresapproved by the department.

2. For phased construction, only onetest pad will be required.

3. A final report shall be submitted tothe department which describes in detail theconstruction and qc procedures which wereused to achieve satisfactory test pad perfor-mance.

A. The report must be approved bythe department prior to beginning construc-tion of any portion of the composite liner sys-tem in the disposal area.

B. The report shall serve as guidancefor construction of the soil component of thecomposite liner system.

4. The requirement for a test pad may bewaived provided�

A. The applicant can demonstrate tothe department�s satisfaction that construc-tion and qc procedures identical to thosedescribed in the approved engineering reporthave resulted in construction of a liner whichmeets the requirements of paragraph(10)(B)2. of this rule; and

B. The soils proposed for liner con-struction meet the following minimum speci-fications:

(I) Have a plasticity index greaterthan fifteen (15) and less than thirty (30)(ASTM test D4318-84);

(II) Allow more than fifty percent(50%) passage through a number 200 serve(ASTM D1140); and

(III) Have less than ten percent(10%) by weight particle sizes greater thantwo (2) mm.

5. The liner specified by subsection(10)(B) of this rule shall be constructed inaccordance with the approved design specifi-cations.

(11) Groundwater Monitoring. (A) Requirements. The owner/operator of

a sanitary landfill shall implement a ground-water monitoring program capable of deter-mining the sanitary landfill�s impact on thequality of groundwater underlying the sani-tary landfill.

(B) Satisfactory Compliance�Design. 1. All sanitary landfills permitted after

October 9, 1993, shall be in compliance withall of the groundwater monitoring require-ments of this section before an operating per-mit is issued. Existing sanitary landfills shallbe in compliance with section (11)�

A. By October 9, 1994, if located lessthan one (1) mile from a drinking waterintake (surface or subsurface);

B. By October 9, 1995, if locatedbetween one (1) mile and two (2) miles froma drinking water intake (surface or subsur-face); or

C. By October 9, 1996, if locatedgreater than two (2) miles from a drinkingwater intake (surface or subsurface).



2. The owner/operator of a sanitarylandfill shall establish the potential for migra-tion of fluid generated by the sanitary landfillinto the groundwater by an evaluation of�

A. A water balance of precipitation,evapotranspiration, runoff and infiltration;

B. At a minimum, the following char-acteristics:

(I) Geologic materials; (II) Description of soil and bedrock

to a depth adequate to allow evaluation ofwater quality protection provided by the soiland bedrock;

(III) Groundwater elevation; (IV) Proposed separation between

the lowest point of the lowest cell and themaximum water table elevation;

(V) Proximity of the sanitary land-fill to water supply wells or surface water;

(VI) Rate and direction of ground-water flow; and

(VII) Current and projected use ofwater resources in the potential zone of influ-ence of the sanitary landfill.

3. A groundwater monitoring systemshall be capable of yielding groundwatersamples for analysis and shall consist of�

A. Monitoring wells (at least one (1)installed hydraulically upgradient; that is, inthe direction of increasing static head fromthe sanitary landfill. The numbers, locationsand depths shall be sufficient to yield ground-water samples that are�

(I) Representative of backgroundwater quality in the groundwater near the san-itary landfill; and

(II) Not affected by the sanitarylandfill; and

B. Monitoring wells (at least three(3)) installed hydraulically downgradient; thatis, in the direction of decreasing hydraulichead from the sanitary landfill. The number,locations and depths shall ensure that theydetect any significant amounts of fluids gen-erated by the sanitary landfill that migratefrom the sanitary landfill to the groundwater.Monitoring wells, or clusters of monitoringwells, shall be capable at a minimum, ofmonitoring all saturated zones down to andincluding the uppermost aquifer.

4. All monitoring wells shall be con-structed as per 10 CSR 23-4.

(C) Satisfactory Compliance�Operations. 1. Groundwater monitoring wells.

A. Groundwater monitoring wellsshall be installed so that the number, spacingand depths of monitoring systems shall bedetermined based upon site-specific technicalinformation that shall include thorough char-acterization of�

(I) Aquifer thickness, groundwaterflow rate, groundwater flow direction includ-

ing seasonal and temporal fluctuations ingroundwater flow; and

(II) Saturated and unsaturated geo-logic units and fill materials overlying theuppermost aquifer, materials comprising theuppermost aquifer, and materials comprisingthe confining unit defining the lower bound-ary of the uppermost aquifer; including, butnot limited to, thicknesses, stratigraphy,lithology, hydraulic conductivities and porosi-ties.

B. The design and installation ofgroundwater monitoring well systems shall beobserved, supervised, and certified by a qual-ified groundwater scientist and approved bythe department.

C. All groundwater monitoring wellsshall be operational prior to the acceptance ofwastes, unless other arrangements areapproved by the department.

D. The design, installation, develop-ment, and decommissioning of monitoringwells and piezometers must be performed inaccordance with 10 CSR 23-4.

2. Sampling and reporting. A. Each groundwater monitoring pro-

gram must include consistent sampling andanalysis procedures that are designed toensure monitoring results that provide anaccurate representation of groundwater quali-ty at the background and downgradient wellsinstalled in compliance with subsection(11)(B). The owner/operator must submit thesampling and analysis program to the depart-ment for approval. The program must includeprocedures and techniques for�

(I) Monitoring well maintenance;(II) Monitoring well redevelop-

ment;(III) Monitoring well depth mea-

surement and hydraulic levels;(IV) Monitoring well purging and

sampling utilizing dedicated equipment;(V) Equipment calibration;(VI) Decontamination and field

blanks;(VII) Sample and duplicate sample

collection;(VIII) Sample preservation;(IX) Sample labeling;(X) Sample handling;(XI) Field measurements;(XII) Field documentation;(XIII) Chain of custody control;(XIV) Sample shipment;(XV) Analytical procedures;(XVI) Qa/qc control�field and

laboratory; and(XVII) Statistical testing strategy

per paragraph (11)(C)5. for each parameter�sconcentrations.

B. Each groundwater monitoring pro-gram shall include sampling and analyticalmethods that are appropriate for groundwatersampling and that accurately measure haz-ardous constituents and other monitoringparameters in groundwater samples. Analysisshall be performed on unfiltered samples.

C. The sampling procedures and fre-quency shall be protective of human healthand the environment.

D. Groundwater elevations shall bemeasured in each well immediately prior topurging, each time groundwater is sampled.The owner/operator shall determine thedirection of groundwater flow each timegroundwater is sampled. Groundwater eleva-tions in wells which monitor the same solidwaste disposal area shall be measured withina period of time short enough to avoid tem-poral variations in groundwater flow whichcould preclude accurate determination ofgroundwater flow direction.

3. Baseline/background monitoring.A. The owner/operator shall establish

background groundwater quality for each ofthe monitoring parameters or constituentsrequired under paragraphs (11)(C)4. Toestablish background, a minimum of four (4)quarterly samples of statistically independentsample data shall be obtained and analyzedfrom all monitoring wells during a minimumof one (1) year following well installation.

B. The number of samples collectedto establish background values for groundwa-ter quality data shall satisfy the requirementsof subsection (11)(C) and shall be consistentwith the appropriate statistical proceduresdetermined pursuant to paragraph (11)(C)5.The sampling procedures shall be those spec-ified under paragraph (11)(C)4. for detectionmonitoring, paragraph (11)(C)6. for assess-ment monitoring and section (12) for correc-tive action.

4. Detection monitoring. A. The owner/operator shall obtain

and analyze water samples from the ground-water monitoring wells during the months ofMay and November of each calendar year.

B. The following parameters shall beanalyzed each time a sample is obtained:

Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD in mil-ligrams per liter (mg/l));

Chlorides (Cl, (mg/l));Iron (Fe, (mg/l));pH (units);Specific Conductance (Conductivity at

twenty-five degrees Celsius (25°C) inmicromhos per centimeter (µmho/cm));



Total Dissolved Solids (TDS, (mg/l)); andAll parameters listed in Appendix 1 of this

rule.Additionally, the water level in each wellshall be measured at the time the sample istaken.

C. The sample results, and any resultsof statistical analysis determining statisticallysignificant increases for any parameter perparagraph (11)(C)5., shall be submitted tothe department in one (1) report within nine-ty (90) days of when samples are collected.

D. In the case of all detection moni-toring requirements previously listed, thedepartment may specify an appropriate alter-native frequency for repeated sampling andanalysis during the active life of the sanitarylandfill (including closure) and the post-clo-sure period. The department may add addi-tional parameters or delete parameters on asite-by-site basis through an evaluation ofwaste and leachate characteristics of the san-itary landfill.

E. The electronic submission ofgroundwater data is required. This submis-sion shall be in the format and method as pre-scribed by the department.

5. The owner/operator shall specify inthe operating record one (1) or more of thefollowing statistical methods to be used inevaluating groundwater monitoring data foreach monitoring constituent. The statisticaltest chosen shall be conducted separately foreach constituent:

A. A parametric analysis of variance(ANOVA) followed by multiple comparisonsprocedures to identify statistically significantevidence of contamination. The procedureshall include estimation and testing of thecontrasts between each downgradient well�smean and the upgradient means for eachparameter;

B. An ANOVA based on ranks fol-lowed by multiple comparisons procedures toidentify statistically significant evidence ofcontamination. The procedure shall includeestimation and testing of the contrastsbetween each downgradient well�s medianand the background medians for each param-eter;

C. A confidence interval procedure inwhich an interval for each parameter in eachdowngradient well is constructed around themean/median of the particular well�s data ordata residuals and compared to themean/median of pooled background welldata;

D. A prediction interval procedure inwhich an upper prediction limit for an inter-val for each parameter in each well is com-pared to subsequently obtained values fromthe same well;

E. A prediction interval procedure inwhich an upper prediction limit for an inter-val for each parameter constructed on thepooled background well data or data residu-als is compared to subsequently obtained val-ues from each downgradient well;

F. A tolerance interval procedure inwhich an upper tolerance limit for an intervalfor each parameter�s pooled background welldata is compared to each downgradient well�sconcentration values;

G. A multicomparison procedure uti-lizing any recommended U.S. EnvironmentalProtection Agency combinations of intra-welland inter-well procedures for each parameter;

H. A control chart approach, meetingthe performance standards of part(11)(C)5.J.(III), that gives control limits foreach parameter;

I. A different statistical test methodthat meets the performance standards of sub-paragraph (11)(C)5.J. of this rule. The own-er/operator must submit the statistical testmethod to the department for approval beforethe use of the alternative test;

J. Any statistical method chosenunder subparagraph (11)(C)5.J. of this ruleshall comply with the following performancestandards, as appropriate:

(I) The statistical method used toevaluate groundwater monitoring data shallbe appropriate for the distribution of the con-centration data for the chemical parametersor hazardous constituents. If the distributionof the concentration data for the chemicalparameters or hazardous constituents isshown by the owner/operator to be inappro-priate for a normal data distribution theorytest, then the data should be transformed or adistribution-free (nonparametric) theory testshould be used. If the concentration data dis-tributions for the constituents of each welldiffer, more than one (1) statistical methodwill be needed;

(II) If an individual well compari-son procedure is used to compare an individ-ual compliance well constituent concentrationwith background constituent concentration ora groundwater protection standard, the testshall be done at a Type I error level no lessthan 0.01 for each testing period. If a multi-ple comparisons procedure is used, the TypeI experiment-wide error rate for each testingperiod shall be no less than 0.05, however,the Type I error of no less than 0.01 for indi-vidual well comparisons shall be maintained.This performance standard does not apply totolerance intervals, prediction intervals orcontrol charts;

(III) If a control chart approach isused to evaluate groundwater monitoringdata, the specific type of control chart and its

associated parameter values shall be protec-tive of human health and the environment.The selection of this method shall be deter-mined after considering the number of sam-ples in the background data base, the datadistribution, and the range of the concentra-tion values for each constituent of concern;

(IV) If a confidence interval, toler-ance interval or a prediction interval is usedto evaluate groundwater monitoring data,then the level of confidence for each interval,and the percentage of the population that eachinterval contains, shall be protective ofhuman health and the environment. Selectionof one (1) or more of these methods shall bedetermined after considering the number ofsamples in the background data base, the datadistribution, and the range of the concentra-tion values for each constituent of concern;

(V) The statistical method shallaccount for data below the limit of detectionwith one (1) or more statistical proceduresthat are protective of human health and theenvironment. Any practical quantization lim-it that is used in the statistical method shall bethe lowest concentration level that can be reli-ably achieved within specified limits of preci-sion and accuracy during routine laboratoryoperating conditions that are available to thefacility; and

(VI) If necessary, the statisticalmethod shall include procedures to control orcorrect for seasonal and spatial variability aswell as temporal correlation in the data.

6. Response to statistical analysis. A. If the comparison for the upgradi-

ent wells show a statistically significantincrease (or pH change) over background, theowner/operator shall submit this informationto the department.

B. If the comparisons for downgradi-ent wells show a statistically significantincrease (or pH change) over background, theowner/operator shall immediately obtain two(2) additional groundwater samples fromeach downgradient well where a statisticallysignificant difference was detected. Oneshall be analyzed by the owner; the othershall be analyzed by the department to deter-mine whether the statistically significant dif-ference was a result of laboratory error.

C. If the additional samples show astatistically significant increase (or pHchange) over background, the owner/operatormust demonstrate to the department withinninety (90) days that a source other than thesanitary landfill caused the contamination orthat the statistically significant increaseresulted from an error in sampling, analysis,statistical evaluation or natural variation. If



the owner/operator cannot make this demon-stration to the department, the owner/opera-tor shall submit a plan to the department fora groundwater assessment monitoring pro-gram and implement the program asdescribed in subparagraphs (11)(C)6.D.through J. of this rule. The plan shall speci-fy the following:

(I) The number, location and depthof wells;

(II) Sampling and analytical meth-ods for the monitoring parameters listed inAppendix II of this rule;

(III) Evaluation procedures, includ-ing any use of previously gathered groundwa-ter quality information;

(IV) The rate and extent of migra-tion of a contaminant plume in the ground-water; and

(V) The concentrations of the con-taminant plume in the groundwater.

D. Within ninety (90) days of begin-ning an assessment monitoring program, andsemiannually after that, the owner/operatorshall sample and analyze the groundwater forall constituents identified in Appendix II ofthis rule. A minimum of one (1) sample fromeach downgradient well shall be collected andanalyzed during the initial sampling event. Aminimum of one (1) sample from each down-gradient well at which Appendix II con-stituents were detected shall be collected andanalyzed at each subsequent sampling event.For any new constituent detected duringassessment monitoring (that was not detectedduring detection monitoring) in the downgra-dient wells, a minimum of four (4) statistical-ly independent samples from each well(upgradient and downgradient) shall be col-lected and analyzed to establish backgroundfor the new constituents. The departmentmay add additional parameters or deleteparameters on a site-by-site basis through anevaluation of waste and leachate characteris-tics of the sanitary landfill.

E. The owner/operator shall establisha groundwater protection standard for eachconstituent specified in Appendix II of thisrule and detected in the groundwater. Thegroundwater protection standard shall be�

(I) For constituents for which amaximum contaminant level (MCL) has beenpromulgated under section 1412 of the Fed-eral Safe Drinking Water Act and found at 40CFR part 141, the MCL for that constituent;

(II) For constituents for whichMCLs have not been promulgated, the back-ground concentration for the constituentestablished from wells in accordance withparagraph (11)(C)3. of this rule;

(III) For constituents for which thebackground level is higher than the MCL

identified in part (11)(C)6.E.(I) of this rule,the background concentration; or

(IV) A level established by thedepartment based upon a consideration of rel-evant factors, including: multiple contami-nants in the groundwater, exposure threats tosensitive environmental receptors, and othersite-specific exposure or potential exposure togroundwater.

F. After obtaining the results from theinitial or subsequent sampling events requiredin subparagraph (11)(C)6.D. the owner/oper-ator shall�

(I) Within fourteen (14) days, noti-fy the department and place a notice in theoperating record identifying the constituentsthat have been detected;

(II) Within ninety (90) days, and onat least a semiannual basis after that, resam-ple all wells and conduct analysis for all con-stituents listed in Appendix I to this rule andfor those constituents listed in Appendix II ofthis rule that are detected in response to therequirements of subparagraph (11)(C)6.D. ofthis rule. Record the concentrations of eachconstituent in the facility operating recordand notify the department of the constituentconcentrations. A minimum of one (1) sam-ple from each well sampled (background anddowngradient) shall be collected and ana-lyzed during these sampling events;

(III) Establish background concen-trations for any new constituents detectedduring subsequent monitoring events; and

(IV) Establish groundwater protec-tion standards for all new constituents detect-ed during subsequent monitoring events.

G. If the concentrations of all con-stituents listed in Appendix II to this rule areshown to be at or below background levels asestablished in paragraph (11)(C)3. of this rulefor two (2) consecutive sampling periods, theowner/operator may reinstate detection mon-itoring at the sanitary landfill as specifiedunder subparagraph (11)(C)3.C. of this rule.

H. If the concentrations of any con-stituents listed in Appendix II of this rule areabove background values, but all concentra-tions are below the groundwater protectionstandard established under subparagraph(11)(C)6.E. of this rule using the statisticalprocedures in paragraph (11)(C)5. of thisrule, the owner/operator shall notify thedepartment, and the department may requirethe owner/operator to�

(I) Continue assessment monitor-ing; or

(II) Develop a corrective measuresassessment, or both.

I. If one (1) or more constituents list-ed in Appendix II of this rule are detected atlevels above the groundwater protection stan-

dard as established under subparagraph(11)(C)6.E., the owner/operator shall�

(I) Provide the department with areport assessing potential corrective measuresas required under subsection (11)(A);

(II) Characterize the nature andextent of the release by installing additionalmonitoring wells as necessary; install at leastone (1) additional monitoring well at thefacility boundary in the direction of contami-nant migration and sample this well in accor-dance with paragraph (11)(C)6. of this ruleand notify all persons who own the land orreside on the land that directly overlies anypart of the plume of contamination if con-taminants have migrated off-site as indicatedby sampling of wells; and

(III) Continue assessment monitor-ing as per the groundwater quality assessmentplan and as per the implementation of thecorrective action program specified in section(12) of this rule.

J. The results of implementation ofthe assessment monitoring program shall besubmitted to the department at the end ofeach year or an alternate time periodapproved by the department.

(12) Corrective Action. (A) Assessment of Corrective Measures.

1. Within ninety (90) days of finding thatany of the constituents listed in Appendix IIof this rule have been detected at a statistical-ly significant level exceeding the groundwaterprotection standards defined under subpara-graph (11)(C)6.E. of this rule, the owner/operator shall initiate an assessment of cor-rective measures. This assessment shall becompleted within a reasonable period of time,and a report describing the assessment of cor-rective measures shall be submitted to thedepartment.

2. The owner/operator shall continue tomonitor in accordance with the assessmentmonitoring program as specified in subpara-graph (11)(C)6.F. of this rule.

3. The assessment shall include an anal-ysis of the effectiveness of potential correc-tive measures in meeting all of the require-ments and objectives of the remedy asdescribed under subsection (12)(B) of thisrule, addressing at least the following:

A. The performance, reliability, easeof implementation and potential impacts ofappropriate potential remedies, includingsafety impacts, cross-media impacts and con-trol of exposure to any residual contamina-tion;

B. The time required to begin andcomplete the remedy;

C. The costs of remedy implementa-tion; and



D. The institutional requirementssuch as state or local permit requirements orother environmental or public health require-ments that may substantially affect imple-mentation of the remedy(ies).

4. The owner/operator shall discuss theresults of the corrective measures assessment,prior to the selection of remedy, in a publicmeeting with interested and affected parties.

(B) Selection of Remedy. 1. Based on the results of the corrective

measures assessment conducted under sub-section (12)(A) of this rule the owner/opera-tor shall propose a remedy that, at a mini-mum, meets the standards listed in paragraph(12)(B)2. of this rule. The owner/operatorshall submit to the department, within four-teen (14) days of selecting a proposed reme-dy, a report describing the proposed remedyand shall place a copy of the report in theoperating record that describes how the pro-posed remedy meets the standards in para-graph (12)(B)2. of this rule.

2. Remedies shall�A. Be protective of the public health

and the environment; B. Attain the groundwater protection

standard as specified pursuant to subpara-graph (11)(C)6.E. of this rule;

C. Control the source(s) of releases soas to reduce or eliminate, to the maximumextent practicable, further releases of con-stituents listed in Appendix II of this rule intothe environment that may pose a threat tohuman health or the environment; and

D. Comply with standards for man-agement of wastes as specified in paragraph(12)(C)4.

3. In proposing a remedy that meets thestandards of paragraph (12)(B)2. of this rule,the owner/operator, and, in approving a rem-edy, the department shall consider the follow-ing evaluation factors:

A. The long- and short-term effec-tiveness and protectiveness of the potentialremedy, along with the degree of certaintythat the remedy will prove successful basedon consideration of the following:

(I) Magnitude of reduction of exist-ing risks;

(II) Magnitude of residual risks interms of likelihood of further releases due towaste remaining following implementation ofthe proposed remedy;

(III) The type and degree of long-term management required, including moni-toring, operation and maintenance;

(IV) Short-term risks that might beposed to the community, workers or the envi-ronment during implementation of the reme-dy, including potential threats to humanhealth and the environment associated with

excavation, transportation and redisposal orcontainment;

(V) Time until full protection isachieved;

(VI) Potential for exposure ofhumans and environmental receptors toremaining wastes, considering the potentialthreat to human health and the environmentassociated with excavation, transportation,redisposal or containment;

(VII) Long-term reliability of theengineering and institutional controls; and

(VIII) Potential need for replace-ment of the remedy;

B. The effectiveness of the remedy incontrolling the source to reduce furtherreleases based on consideration of the follow-ing factors:

(I) The extent to which contain-ment practices will reduce further releases;and

(II) The extent to which treatmenttechnologies may be used;

C. The ease or difficulty of imple-menting the potential remedy(ies) based onconsideration of the following types of fac-tors:

(I) Degree of difficulty associatedwith constructing the remedy technology;

(II) Expected operational reliabilityof the proposed technologies;

(III) Need to coordinate with andobtain necessary approvals and permits fromother agencies;

(IV) Availability of necessaryequipment and specialists; and

(V) Available capacity and locationof needed treatment, storage and disposal ser-vices; and

D. The degree to which communityconcerns are addressed by the proposed rem-edy(ies).

4. The owner/operator shall specify aspart of the proposed remedy a schedule(s) forinitiating and completing remedial activities.This schedule shall require the initiation ofremedial activities within a reasonable periodof time taking into consideration the factorsset forth in subparagraphs (12)(D)4.A.through H. of this rule. The owner/operatorshall consider the following factors in deter-mining, and the department will consider thefollowing factors in approving, the scheduleof remedial activities:

A. Extent and nature of contamina-tion;

B. Practical capabilities of remedialtechnologies in achieving compliance withgroundwater protection standards establishedunder subparagraph (11)(C)6.E. of this ruleand other objectives of the remedy;

C. Availability of treatment or dispos-al capacity for wastes managed during imple-mentation of the remedy;

D. Desirability of utilizing technolo-gies that are not currently available, butwhich may offer significant advantages overalready available technologies in terms ofeffectiveness, reliability, safety or ability toachieve remedial objectives;

E. Potential risks to human health andthe environment from exposure to contamina-tion prior to completion of the remedy;

F. Resource value of any affectedaquifer including:

(I) Current and future uses; (II) Proximity and withdrawal rate

of users; (III) Groundwater quantity and

quality; (IV) The potential damage to

wildlife, crops, vegetation and physical struc-tures caused by exposure to the waste con-stituent;

(V) The hydrogeologic characteris-tic of the facility and surrounding land;

(VI) Groundwater removal andtreatment costs; and

(VII) The cost and availability ofalternative water supplies;

G. Practicable capability of the own-er/operator; and

H. Other relevant factors. 5. The department may determine that

remediation of a release of any constituentlisted in Appendix II of this rule from a san-itary landfill is not necessary if theowner/operator demonstrates to the satisfac-tion of the department that�

A. The groundwater is additionallycontaminated by substances that have origi-nated from a source other than a sanitarylandfill and those substances are present inconcentrations such that cleanup of therelease from the sanitary landfill unit wouldprovide no significant reduction in risk toactual or potential receptors;

B. The constituent(s) is present ingroundwater that�

(I) Is not a current or potentialsource of drinking water; and

(II) Is not hydraulically connectedwith waters to which the hazardous con-stituents are migrating or are likely to migratein a concentration(s) that represents a statisti-cally significant increase over backgroundconcentrations;

C. Remediation of the release(s) istechnically impracticable; or

D. Remediation would result in unac-ceptable cross-media impacts.

6. A determination by the departmentpursuant to paragraph (12)(B)5. of this rule



shall not affect the authority of the state torequire the owner/operator to undertakesource control measures or other measuresthat may be necessary to eliminate or mini-mize further releases to the groundwater, toprevent exposure to the groundwater, or toremediate the groundwater to concentrationsthat are technically practicable and which sig-nificantly reduce threats to human health orthe environment.

(C) Implementation of the CorrectiveAction Program.

1. Based on the schedule establishedunder paragraph (12)(B)4. of this rule for ini-tiation and completion of remedial activitiesthe owner/operator shall�

A. Establish and implement a correc-tive action groundwater monitoring programthat�

(I) At a minimum, meets therequirements of an assessment monitoringprogram under paragraph (11)(C)6. of thisrule;

(II) Indicates the effectiveness ofthe corrective action remedy; and

(III) Demonstrates compliance withgroundwater protection standard pursuant tosubparagraph (11)(C)6.E. of this rule.

B. Implement the corrective actionremedy selected under subsection (12)(B) ofthis rule; and

C. Take any interim measures neces-sary, any measures determined to be neces-sary by the department, or both, to ensure theprotection of human health and the environ-ment. Interim measures shall, to the greatestextent practicable, be consistent with theobjectives of and contribute to the perfor-mance of any remedy that may be requiredpursuant to subsection (12)(B) of this rule.The following factors shall be considered byan owner/operator, and will be considered bythe department, in determining whether inter-im measures are necessary:

(I) Time required to develop andimplement a final remedy;

(II) Actual or potential exposure ofnearby populations or environmental recep-tors to hazardous constituents;

(III) Actual or potential contamina-tion of drinking water supplies or sensitiveecosystems;

(IV) Further degradation of thegroundwater that may occur if remedialaction is not initiated expeditiously;

(V) Weather conditions that maycause hazardous constituents to migrate or bereleased;

(VI) Risks of fire or explosion, orpotential for exposure to hazardous con-stituents as a result of an accident or failureof a container or handling system; and

(VII) Other situations that maypose threats to human health and the envi-ronment.

2. The department may determine,based on information developed after imple-mentation of the remedy has begun or otherinformation, that compliance with require-ments of paragraph (12)(B)2. of this rule arenot being achieved through the remedyselected. In those cases, the owner/operatorshall implement other methods or techniquesthat will achieve compliance with therequirements, unless the department makesthe determination under paragraph (12)(C)3.of this rule.

3. If the department determines thatcompliance with requirements under para-graph (12)(B)2. of this rule cannot be practi-cally achieved with any currently availablemethods, the owner/operator shall�

A. Obtain the certification of a quali-fied groundwater scientist and approval fromthe department that compliance with therequirements under paragraph (12)(B)2. can-not be practically achieved with any current-ly available methods;

B. Implement alternative measures tocontrol exposure of humans or the environ-ment to residual contamination, as necessaryto protect human health and the environment;

C. Implement alternative measuresfor control of the sources of contamination,or for removal or decontamination of equip-ment, units, devices or structures that are�

(I) Technically practicable; and (II) Consistent with the overall

objective of the remedy; and D. Submit a report to the department

justifying the alternative measures. The alter-native measures must be approved by thedepartment prior to implementation.

4. All solid wastes that are managedpursuant to a remedy required under subsec-tion (12)(C) or an interim measure requiredunder subparagraph (12)(C)1.C. of this rule,shall be managed in a manner�

A. That is protective of the publichealth and the environment; and

B. That complies with all applicablestate and federal requirements.

5. Remedies selected pursuant to sub-section (12)(B) of this rule shall be consid-ered complete when�

A. The owner/operator complies withthe groundwater protection standards estab-lished under subparagraph (11)(C)6.E. of thisrule at all points within the plume of contam-ination;

B. Compliance with the groundwaterprotection standards established under sub-paragraph (11)(C)6.E. of this rule has beenachieved by demonstrating that concentra-

tions of all constituents listed in Appendix IIof this rule have not exceeded the groundwa-ter protection standard(s) for a period of three(3) consecutive years using the statistical pro-cedures and performance standards in sub-section (11)(C). The department may specifyan alternative length of time during which theowner/operator shall demonstrate that con-centrations of all constituents listed inAppendix II of this rule have not exceeded thegroundwater protection standard(s) takinginto consideration�

(I) Extent and concentration of therelease(s);

(II) Behavioral characteristics ofthe hazardous constituents in the groundwa-ter;

(III) Accuracy of monitoring ormodeling techniques, including any seasonalmeteorological, or other environmental vari-abilities that may affect the accuracy; and

(IV) Characteristics of the ground-water; and

C. All actions required to completethe remedy have been completed.

6. Upon completion of the remedy, theowner/operator shall submit a certification tothe department within fourteen (14) days afterthe remedy has been completed in compli-ance with the requirements of paragraph(12)(C)5. and shall place a copy of the certi-fication in the facility�s operating record. Thecertification shall be signed by theowner/operator and by a qualified groundwa-ter scientist and approved by the department.

7. When, upon completion of the certi-fication, the owner/operator and the depart-ment determines that the corrective actionremedy has been completed in accordancewith the requirements under paragraph(12)(C)5. of this rule, the owner/operatorshall be released from the requirements forfinancial assurance for corrective actionunder 10 CSR 80-2.030(4)(C).

(13) Air Quality. (A) Requirement. The design, construction

and operation of the sanitary landfill shallminimize environmental hazards and shallconform to applicable ambient air quality andsource control regulations.

(B) Satisfactory Compliance�Design.Plans shall include an effective dust controlprogram.

(C) Satisfactory Compliance�Operations.Burning of solid waste shall be prohibited. Aburning permit or exemption may be obtainedfrom the department permitting the burningof tree trunks, tree limbs, vegetation anduntreated waste lumber. In areas operatingunder exemption certificates authorized byChapter 643, RSMo approval shall be



obtained from the local pollution controlagency. The operating procedures and loca-tion for burning practices shall be submittedto the department for review and writtenapproval. Burning at the sanitary landfill shallbe conducted in accordance with Chapter643, RSMo, the corresponding rules, theterms conditions, or both, of the plans, per-mit, or both, and all local requirements.

(14) Gas Control. (A) Requirement. Decomposition gases

generated within the sanitary landfill shall becontrolled on-site, as necessary, to avoid pos-ing a hazard to the environment or to publichealth and the safety of occupants of adjacentproperty.

(B) Satisfactory Compliance�Design.1. Plans shall contain a monitoring pro-

gram capable of detecting decomposition gasmigration.

A. The monitoring program mustspecify the type of monitoring and be basedon�

(I) Soil conditions;(II) The hydrogeologic and topo-

graphic conditions surrounding the facility;and

(III) The location of facility struc-tures, property boundaries, and off-site fea-tures.

B. The monitoring program describedin the plans must include:

(I) A written description of themonitoring system, including spacing ofmonitoring locations and frequency of moni-toring;

(II) The results of any gas assess-ment that has been performed;

(III) The location of all gas moni-toring wells shown on a plan sheet;

(IV) A drawing detailing the typicalgas monitoring well design;

(V) The design depths and bottomelevations of the gas monitoring wells; and

(VI) Boring logs that support thedesign gas monitoring well depths.

C. The gas monitoring specified inthe plans shall be performed at gas monitor-ing wells. The monitoring program shallspecify how buildings on the landfill proper-ty are to be monitored. Gas monitoring wellsshall be designed to monitor the unsaturatedsoil and rock down to an elevation equal tothe bottom elevation of the landfill. Gasmonitoring wells shall be placed between thelandfill and off-site buildings and other fea-tures that may be harmed by landfill gas ormay easily transmit gas from the landfill.Gas monitoring well locations at the propertyboundary shall not be more than five hundredfeet (500') apart unless the permittee can

show that the potential for gas migration islow.

2. Plans shall assess the need for gascontrol and indicate the location and designof any vents, barriers or other control mea-sure to be provided.

A. The gas control system shall beconstructed of materials that are chemicallyresistant to the solid wastes managed in thesanitary landfill and the gas expected to begenerated. These materials shall be specifiedin the engineering report and the choice ofmaterials justified.

B. The gas control system shall beconstructed of materials that are of sufficientstrength and thickness to prevent collapseunder the pressures exerted by overlying sol-id wastes, cover and by any equipment usedat the sanitary landfill. Overburden pressurecalculations, material specifications and sys-tem installation procedures shall be includedin the engineering report.

C. Maintenance and repair optionsshall be considered in the design and speci-fied in the engineering report.

D. All applicable permits andapprovals necessary to comply with therequirements of the Air Conservation Lawand rules promulgated shall be obtained fromthe department.

E. The plan shall estimate the maxi-mum anticipated rate of gas generation at thedisposal area and the length of time overwhich it is anticipated to be generated. Themethod by which these calculations arearrived at shall also be included.

(C) Satisfactory Compliance�Operations.1. Decomposition gases shall not be

allowed to migrate laterally from the sanitarylandfill to endanger public health and safetyor to pose a hazard to the environment. Theyshall be controlled on-site, flared or vented tothe atmosphere directly through the cover,cut-off trenches or ventilation systems in away that they do not accumulate in explosiveor toxic concentrations, especially withinstructures. (Information on the limits offlammability of gases is available in such ref-erences as the Handbook of Chemistry andPhysics, 68th ed. Cleveland, Chemical Rub-ber Publishing Co., 1987.)

2. Decomposition gases shall not beallowed to concentrate above the followinglevels:

A. Twenty-five percent (25%) of thelower explosive limit (LEL) or one and one-quarter percent (1.25%) by volume formethane in buildings on the sanitary landfillproperty; and

B. Fifty percent (50%) of the LEL ortwo and one-half percent (2.5%) by volume

for methane in the soil at the property bound-ary of the sanitary landfill.

3. For purposes of this section, lowerexplosive limit (LEL) means the lowest per-cent by volume of a mixture of explosive gas-es in air that will propagate a flame at twen-ty-five degrees Celsius (25°C) and atmo-spheric pressure.

4. Owners/operators of all sanitary land-fills shall implement a methane monitoringprogram capable of detecting decompositiongas migration in the most likely zone(s) ofmigration, to ensure that the standards ofparagraph (14)(C)2. of this rule are met.Methane monitoring shall be conducted atleast quarterly with equipment warranted bythe manufacturer to detect explosive gasesunder the conditions the equipment is to beused. Facilities shall submit the results ofthis methane monitoring to the department atleast quarterly. The electronic submission ofmethane monitoring data is required. Thissubmission shall be in a format and manneras prescribed by the department.

5. If methane gas levels exceeding thelimits specified in paragraph (14)(C)2. of thisrule are detected, the owner/operator shall�

A. Notify the department and imme-diately take all necessary steps to ensure pro-tection of public health and safety whichinclude:

(I) When results of monitoring inon-site or off-site structures indicate levels inexcess of those specified, the operator shalltake appropriate action to mitigate the effectsof landfill gas accumulation in those struc-tures until a permanent remediation is com-pleted. Actions which must be undertakeninclude:

(a) Notification of the firedepartment or other appropriate local publicsafety authorities;

(b) Notification of adjacent prop-erty owners and/or occupants;

(c) Ventilation of any confinedspaces that may trap decomposition gases orthe installation of alarm systems in any con-fined spaces that may trap decompositiongases; and

(d) Establishment of a temporarymethane monitoring program in affectedstructures.

B. Within seven (7) days of detection,submit to the department a report describingthe steps taken to protect public health andsafety;

C. Within sixty (60) days of detection,submit to the department for approval a reme-diation plan designed by a professional engi-neer for the methane gas releases. A gascontrol system shall be designed to�



(I) Prevent methane accumulationin on-site and off-site buildings;

(II) Reduce methane concentrationsat monitored property boundaries to belowcompliance levels; and

(III) Reduce methane concentra-tions off-site to below compliance levels;

D. Landfill gas corrective actionplans shall describe the nature and extent ofthe problem and the proposed remedy. Theplan shall be implemented upon departmentalapproval; and

E. The department may establishalternative schedules for demonstrating com-pliance with subparagraphs (14)(C)5.B. andC. of this rule.

6. The sanitary landfill shall operate incompliance with all applicable requirementsof Chapter 643, RSMo and correspondingrules.

(15) Vectors. (A) Requirements. Conditions shall be

maintained that are unfavorable for the har-boring, feeding and breeding of vectors.

(B) Satisfactory Compliance�Design.Plans shall include contingency programs forvector control and the operator shall be pre-pared at all times to implement those proce-dures.

(C) Satisfactory Compliance�Operations.Vector control contingency programs shall beimplemented when necessary to prevent orrectify vector problems.

(16) Aesthetics. (A) Requirement. The sanitary landfill

shall be designed and operated at all times inan aesthetically acceptable manner.

(B) Satisfactory Compliance�Design.Plans shall include an effective litter controlfacility and operating program.

(C) Satisfactory Compliance�Operations. 1. Portable litter fences or other devices

shall be used in the immediate vicinity of theworking face and at other appropriate loca-tions to control blowing litter. At the end ofeach operating day, or more often asrequired, litter shall be removed from thefences and the ground and incorporated intothe cell being used. Alternatively, the littermay be containerized for disposal on the nextoperating day.

2. Solid wastes that are easily moved bywind shall be covered, as necessary, to pre-vent becoming airborne and scattered.

3. On-site vegetation should be clearedonly as necessary. Natural windbreaks, suchas green belts, should be maintained wherethey will improve the appearance and opera-tion of the sanitary landfill.

4. Salvage operations shall be conductedin such a manner as to not detract from theappearance of the sanitary landfill. Salvagedmaterials shall be removed from the sanitarylandfill daily or stored in aesthetically accept-able containers or enclosures.

(17) Cover.(A) Requirement. Cover shall be applied to

minimize fire hazards, infiltration of precipi-tation, odors and blowing litter; control gasventing and vectors; discourage scavenging;and provide a pleasing appearance.

(B) Satisfactory Compliance�Design. Theowner/operator shall prepare a written clo-sure plan that describes the steps necessary toclose all sanitary landfill phases at any pointduring the active life of the sanitary landfill inaccordance with the requirements of 10 CSR80-2.030(4)(A). In addition, the final coverrequirements specified in the closure andpost-closure plans shall specify�

1. Cover sources, quantities and soilclassification (Unified Soil ClassificationSystem or United States Department of Agri-culture classification system);

2. The capability of the cover to performthe functions listed in subsection (17)(A) ofthis rule;

3. Surface grades and side slopes need-ed to promote maximum runoff, withoutexcessive erosion, to minimize infiltration.Final side slopes shall not exceed twenty-fivepercent (25%) unless it has been demon-strated in a detailed slope stability analysisapproved by the department that the slopescan be constructed and maintained through-out the entire operational life and post-clo-sure period of the landfill.

4. Procedures to establish and maintainvegetative growth to combat erosion andimprove appearance of idle and completedareas. Procedures shall include seeding rate,fertilizer rate, soil conditioning rate and pro-visions for mulching;

5. Procedures to maintain a coverintegrity, for example, regrading and recover-ing;

6. Methods for borrow areas to bereclaimed so as to restore aesthetic qualitiesand prevent excessive erosion;

7. The final slope of the top of the san-itary landfill shall have a minimum slope offive percent (5%); and

8. Shear failure analyses shall be includ-ed where intermediate or final slopes exceedtwenty-five percent (25%). However, thedepartment will waive the analysis for slopesof twenty-five percent (25%) or less, exceptin seismic impact zones.

(C) Satisfactory Compliance�Operations.

1. Cover shall be applied by the end ofeach operating day regardless of weather;sources of cover, therefore, shall be accessi-ble on all operating days. The thickness of thecompacted cover shall not be less than sixinches (6"). Sanitary landfills operating twen-ty-four (24) hours per day shall incorporateall solid waste into one (1) or more cells atleast every twenty-four (24) hours. Where aliner and leachate collection system are inplace, an alternative daily cover may beapproved by the department on a site-specificbasis, if the owner/operator demonstrates thatthe alternative material controls run-on,runoff, disease vectors, fires, odors, blowinglitter and scavenging without presenting athreat to human health and the environment.

2. Cover shall be increased to a totalthickness of at least one foot (1') of compact-ed cover on filled areas of the sanitary land-fill which are idle for more than sixty (60)days.

3. No active, intermediate or final slopeshall exceed thirty-three and one-third per-cent (33 1/3%).

4. As each phase of the sanitary landfillis completed, a final cover system shall beinstalled at portions of�

A. Existing sanitary landfills withoutcomposite liners. This final cover shall con-sist of at least two feet (2') of compacted claywith a coefficient of permeability of 1 × 10-5

cm/sec or less and overlaid by at least onefoot (1') of soil capable of sustaining vegeta-tive growth;

B. Sanitary landfills with compositeliners. This final cover shall consist of com-ponent layers, in order from top to bottom, asfollows:

(I) Two feet (2') of soil capable ofsustaining vegetative growth;

(II) A drainage layer;(III) A geomembrane liner at least

as thick as the geomembrane liner describedin subparagraph (10)(B)1.G.;

(IV) One foot (1') of compactedclay with a coefficient of permeability of 1 ×10-5 cm/sec or less; and

C. The geomembrane liner shall be inintimate contact with the underlying com-pacted clay.

5. The installation of the final cover sys-tems shall include provisions for slope stabil-ity.

6. The department may approve the useof an alternative final cover system providedthat the owner/operator can demonstrate tothe department that the alternative design willbe at least equivalent to the final cover systemdescribed in paragraph (17)(C)3. of this rule.



7. Surface grades and side slopes shallbe maintained to promote runoff withoutexcessive erosion.

8. Vegetation shall be established withinone hundred eighty (180) days of applicationof the cover required by paragraphs (17)(C)2.and 3. of this rule. Vegetation shall be estab-lished and maintained to minimize erosionand surface water infiltration.

9. Regrading and recovering shall beperformed as necessary to maintain coverslope and integrity.

10. Borrow areas shall be reclaimed inaccordance with the approved plans.

11. The compacted clay portion of thefinal cover shall consist of soils classifiedunder the Unified Soil Classification Systemas CH, CL, ML, SC or MH.

(18) Compaction. (A) Requirement. In order to conserve san-

itary landfill site capacity, thereby preservingland resources and to minimize moistureinfiltration and settlement, solid waste andcover shall be compacted to the smallest prac-ticable volume.

(B) Satisfactory Compliance�Design. 1. Arrangements shall be made and indi-

cated in the plans where substitute equipmentwill be available to provide uninterrupted ser-vice during routine maintenance periods orequipment breakdowns.

2. The plans shall specify the equipmentthat should be available to conduct the sani-tary landfill operation at the projected solidwaste loading.

(C) Satisfactory Compliance�Operations. 1. Solid waste handling equipment, on

any operating day shall be capable of per-forming and shall perform the following func-tions:

A. Spread the solid wastes to be com-pacted in layers no more than two feet (2')thick, while confining it to the smallest prac-ticable area;

B. Compact the spread solid wastes tothe smallest practicable volume; and

C. Place, spread and compact thecover as much as practicable.

2. A preventive maintenance programshould be employed to maintain equipment inoperating order.

3. No solid waste shall be disposed of inwater where the presence of the water willprohibit the proper spreading and compactionof the solid waste or where a mosquito breed-ing problem would be created.

(19) Safety.(A) Requirement. The sanitary landfill

shall be designed, constructed and operatedin a manner so as to protect the health and

safety of personnel and others associated withand affected by the operation.

(B) Satisfactory Compliance�Design. 1. Provisions shall be included in the

plans to control and limit access to the sani-tary landfill in a manner that is compatiblewith the surrounding land use.

2. Provisions shall be included in theplans to control dust for safety purposes andto prevent a nuisance to the surrounding area.

3. The plans shall specify the facilitiesand methods to be provided for extinguishingfires.

(C) Satisfactory Compliance�Operation. 1. A fire extinguisher shall be provided

on all solid waste handling equipment. 2. Any fires in wastes being delivered to

the sanitary landfill or which occur at theworking face or within equipment or person-nel facilities shall be extinguished.

3. Adequate communications equipmentshall be available at the sanitary landfill foremergency situations.

4. Scavenging shall be prohibited at alltimes to avoid injury and to prevent interfer-ence with sanitary landfill operations.

5. Access to the sanitary landfill shall becontrolled and shall be by established road-ways only. The sanitary landfill shall beaccessible only when operating personnel areon duty. Large containers may be placed atthe sanitary landfill entrance so that users canconveniently deposit solid waste after hours.The containers and the areas around themshall be maintained in a sanitary and litter-free condition.

6. Traffic signs or markers should beprovided to promote an orderly traffic patternto and from the discharge area and, if neces-sary, to restrict access to hazardous areas orto maintain efficient operating conditions.Drivers of manually discharging vehiclesshould not hinder operation of mechanicallydischarging vehicles. Vehicles should not beleft unattended at the working face or alongtraffic routes. If a regular user persistentlyposes a safety hazard, s/he should be barredfrom the sanitary landfill.

7. Dust control provisions shall be uti-lized as necessary for safety purposes and toprevent a nuisance to the surrounding area.

(20) Records. (A) Requirement. The owner/operator of a

sanitary landfill shall maintain records andmonitoring data as specified by the depart-ment and file appropriate documents with thecounty recorder(s) of deeds.

(B) Satisfactory Compliance�Design.Plans shall prescribe methods to be used inmaintaining records and monitoring the envi-ronmental impact of the sanitary landfill.

Information on recording and monitoringrequirements may be obtained from thedepartment.

(C) Satisfactory Compliance�Operations. 1. Records shall be maintained at the

landfill office. Records five (5) years old orolder may be stored at an alternate site ifapproved by the department; such storedrecords must be made available at the landfillupon request of department personnel.Records must cover at least the following:

A. Major operational problems, com-plaints or difficulties;

B. Gas monitoring results from moni-toring and any remediation plans requiredunder section (14) of this rule;

C. Any demonstration, certification,finding, monitoring, testing or analytical datarequired under sections (4) and (11) of thisrule;

D. Vector control efforts;E. Dust and litter control efforts;F. Quantitative measurements of the

solid waste handled and an estimate of the airspace left at the facility. Every two (2) yearsafter the date of the permit issuance and with-in sixty (60) days of the anniversary date ofthe permit issuance, the owner/operator shallsubmit to the department two (2) copies of atopographic map, prepared under the direc-tion of a land surveyor or by aerial photogra-phy, showing the current horizontal and ver-tical boundaries of solid waste in the sanitarylandfill and the boundaries of the sanitarylandfill. Maps prepared by aerial photogra-phy shall meet the current National MapAccuracy Standards for Photogrammetry asindicated in United States Bureau of the Bud-get �Circular A-16 Exhibit C,� dated Octo-ber 10, 1958;

G. Description, source and volume ofspecial wastes that are received;

H. Any sanitary landfill design docu-mentation for recirculation of leachate or gascondensate in a landfill;

I. Closure and post-closure care plansand any monitoring, testing or analytical dataas required under 10 CSR 80-2.030(4)(A);

J. Any cost estimates and financialassurance documentation required under 10CSR 80-2.030(4)(B) and (C);

K. Inspection records and trainingprocedures as required under 10 CSR 80-2.060 and subsection (3)(B) of this rule;

L. Records associated with fees asrequired under 10 CSR 80-2.080(2);

M. Records associated with correc-tive measures as required under section (10)of this rule; and

N. Effective January 1, 1998, on orbefore January 31 of each calendar year andannually thereafter each solid waste disposal



area shall submit a report to the departmentspecifying the amount of solid waste receivedfor disposal from states other than Missouri.The landfill operator shall keep a detailedreport of the origin of all waste received.

2. Upon closing of the sanitary landfill,the existence of the sanitary landfill shall berecorded with the recorder(s) of deeds in thecounty(ies) where the sanitary landfill islocated. The owner/operator may requestpermission from the department to removethe notation from the deed if all wastes areremoved from the facility.

A. A survey and plat meeting therequirements of the current Minimum Stan-dards of Property Boundary Survey 10 CSR30-2.010 and detailed description of the san-itary landfill shall be prepared by a land sur-veyor. The survey plat and detailed descrip-tion, at a minimum, shall contain the follow-ing information:

(I) The name of the property own-er as it appears on the property deed;

(II) The detailed description of theproperty;

(III) The general types and locationof the solid wastes and the depth(s) of fillwithin the property; and

(IV) The location of any leachatecontrol, gas control or water monitoring sys-tems which shall be maintained after closureand the length of time that these systems areto be maintained.

B. The owner/operator shall obtainapproval from the department of the surveyplat and detailed description prior to filingwith the county recorder of deeds. Afterreceiving approval from the department andbefore filing with the county recorder ofdeeds, the detailed description shall be nota-rized by a lawful notary public. Filing thenotarized plat or detailed description shall beaccomplished within thirty (30) days ofdepartmental approval. Two (2) copies of thenotarized and properly recorded plat ordetailed description showing the recorder ofdeeds� seal or stamp, the book and pagenumbers and the date of filing shall be sub-mitted to the department within thirty (30)days of the date of filing.

C. Owners of solid waste disposalareas permitted prior to January 1, 1987, andwhich close after January 1, 1989, as a partof closure of the solid waste disposal areashall�

(I) Execute an easement with thedepartment, which allows the department, itsagents or its contractors to enter the premisesto complete work specified in the closureplan, to monitor or maintain the solid wastedisposal area or take remedial action duringpost-closure period; and

(II) Submit evidence to the depart-ment that a notice and covenant running withthe land has been recorded with the recorderof deeds in the county where the sanitarylandfill is located. The notice and covenantshall specify the following:

(a) That the property has beenpermitted as a sanitary landfill; and

(b) That use of the land in anymanner which interferes with closure plans,and post-closure plans filed with the depart-ment, is prohibited.

AUTHORITY: section 260.225, RSMo Supp.1997.* Original rule filed Dec. 11, 1973,effective Dec. 21, 1973. Amended: Filed July14, 1986, effective Jan. 1, 1987. Amended:Filed Jan. 5, 1987, effective June 1, 1987.Amended: Filed Jan. 29, 1988, effective Aug.1, 1988. Amended: Filed Aug. 15, 1988,effective Dec. 29, 1988. Emergency amend-ment filed Sept. 29, 1993, effective Oct. 9,1993, expired Feb. 5, 1994. Amended: FiledMay 3, 1993, effective Jan. 13, 1994.Amended: Filed March 17, 1992.** Emer-gency rescission of the 1992 amendment filedMarch 19, 1997, effective April 1, 1997,expired Sept. 27, 1997. Amended: Filed Oct.10, 1996, effective July 30, 1997. Rescissionof the 1992 amendment filed April 3, 1997,effective Aug. 30, 1997. Amended: Filed Dec.15, 1997, effective Aug. 30, 1998.

*Original authority 1972, amended 1975, 1986, 1988,1990, 1993, 1995.

**The Missouri Supreme Court in MissouriCoalition for the Environment, et al., v.Joint Committee on Administrative Rules, etal., Case No. 78628, dated February 25,1997, ordered the secretary of state to pub-lish this amendment. The Missouri Depart-ment of Natural Resources subsequently filedan emergency rescission of this amendment aswell as a proposed rescission of this amend-ment which became effective August 30,1997. See the above authority section for fil-ing dates.

Op. Atty. Gen. No. 42, Frappier (3-20-74).With respect to the Solid Waste ManagementLaw, Senate Bill No. 387, 76th GeneralAssembly, sections 260.200�260.245, RSMoSupp. 1978. Cities and counties are requiredto provide for the collection and disposal ofsolid wastes including industrial wastes andmay contract for such collection and dispos-al. Service charges may be imposed if notalready imposed under some other lawalthough these charges must be billed andcollected directly by the cities or counties.General revenue of the city and federal rev-

enue sharing funds may also be expended forsuch purposes.

Appendix I�Constituents for DetectionMonitoring

Inorganic Constituents Ammonia (NH3 as N, mg/l) Antimony (Sb, µg/l) Arsenic (As, µg/l) Barium (Ba, µg/l)Beryllium (Be, µg/l) Boron (B, µg/l) Cadmium (Cd, µg/l) Calcium (Ca, mg/l) Chromium (Cr, µg/l) Cobalt (Co, µg/l) Copper (Cu, µg/l)) Fluoride (F, mg/l) Hardness (calculated, mg/l) Lead (Pb, µg/l) Magnesium (Mg, mg/l) Manganese (Mn, µg/l) Mercury (Hg, µg/l) Nickel (Ni, mg/l) Nitrate/Nitrite (NO3/NO2, mg/l) Phosphorus (total P, mg/l) Selenium (Se, µg/l) Silver (Ag, µg/l) Sodium (Na, mg/l) Sulfate (SO4, mg/l) Thallium (Tl, µg/l) Total Organic Carbon (TOC, mg/l) Vanadium (V, µg/l) Zinc (Zn, µg/l)

Organic ConstituentsAcetone Acrylonitrile Benzene Bromochloromethane Bromodichloromethane Bromoform; Tribromomethane Carbon disulfide Carbon tetrachloride Chlorobenzene Chloroethane; Ethyl chloride Chloroform; Trichloromethane Dibromochloromethane; Chlorodibromo-

methane 1,2-Dibromo-3-chloropropane; DBCP 1,2-Dibromoethane; Ethylene dibromide; EDBo-Dichlorobenzene; 1,2-Dichlorobenzene p-Dichlorobenzene; 1,4-Dichlorobenzenetrans-1,4-Dichloro-2-butene 1,1-Dichloroethane; Ethylidene chloride1,2-Dichloroethane; Ethylene dichloride 1,1-Dichloroethylene; 1,1-Dichloroethene;

Vinylidene chloridecis-1,2-Dichloroethylene; cis-1,2-



Dichloroethene trans-1,2-Dichloroethylene; trans-1,2-

Dichloroethene 1,2-Dichloropropane; Propylene dichloridecis-1,3-Dichloropropenetrans-1,3-Dichloropropene Ethylbenzene 2-Hexanone; Methyl butyl ketone Methyl bromide; Bromomethane Methyl chloride; ChloromethaneMethylene bromide; DibromomethaneMethylene chloride; DichloromethaneMethyl ethyl ketone; MEK; 2-Butanone Methyl iodide; Iodomethane4-Methyl-2-pentanone; Methyl isobutyl ketoneStyrene1,1,1,2-Tetrachloroethane 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane Tetrachloroethylene; Tetrachloroethene;

PerchloroethyleneToluene1,1,1-Trichloroethane; Methylchloroform1,1,2-TrichloroethaneTrichloroethylene; Trichloroethene Tichlorofluoromethane; CFC-111,2,3-TrichloropropaneVinyl acetate Vinyl chloride Xylenes

Appendix II�List of HazardousInorganic and Organic Constituents1

Common Name2 CAS RN3

Acenaphthene 83-32-9 Acenaphthylene 208-96-8 Acetone 67-64-1 Acetonitrile; Methyl cyanide 75-05-8 Acetophenone 98-86-2 2-Acetylaminofluorene; 2-AAF 53-96-3 Acrolein 107-02-8 Acrylonitrile 107-13-1 Aldrin 309-00-2 Allyl chloride 107-05-1 4-Aminobipheny l92-67-1 Anthracene 120-12-7 Antimony (Total) Arsenic (Total) Barium (Total) Benzene 71-43-2 Benzo[a]anthracene; Benzanthracene 56-55-3 Benzo[b]fluoranthene 205-99-2 Benzo[k]fluoranthene 207-08-9 Benzo[ghi]perylene 191-24-2 Benzo[a]pylene 50-32-8 Benzyl alcohol 100-51-6 Beryllium (Total) alpha-BHC 319-84-6 beta-BHC 319-85-7 delta-BHC 319-86-8

gamma-BHC; Lindane 58-89-9 Bis(2-chloroethoxy)methane 111-91-1 Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether; 111-44-4

Dichloroethyl etherBis(2-chloro-1-methylethyl) ether; 108-60-1

2,2'-Dichlorodiisopropyl ether;DCIP See Note 3

Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate 117-81-7 Bromochloromethane;

Chlorobromomethane 74-97-5 Bromodichloromethane;

Dibromochloromethane 75-27-4 Bromoform; Tribromomethane 75-25-24-Bromophenylphenyl ether 101-55-3Butyl benzyl phthalate;

Benzyl butyl phthalate 85-68-7Cadmium (Total)Carbon disulfide 75-15-0Carbon tetrachloride 56-23-5Chlordane See Note 4.p-Chloroaniline 106-47-8Chlorobenzene 108-90-7Chlorobenzilate 510-15-6p-Chloro-m-cresol;

4-Chloro-3-methylphenol 59-50-7Chloroethane; Ethyl chloride 75-00-3Chloroform; Trichloromethane 67-66-32-Chloronaphthalene 91-58-72-Chlorophenol 95-57-84-Chlorophenyl phenyl ether 7005-72-3Chloroprene 126-99-8Chromium (Total)Chrysene 218-01-9Cobalt (Total)Copper (Total)m-Cresol; 3-methylphenol 108-39-4o-Cresol; 2-methylphenol 95-48-7p-Cresol; 4-methylphenol 106-44-5Cyanide 57-12-52,4-D; 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic

acid 94-75-74,4´-DDD 72-54-84,4´-DDE 72-55-94,4´-DDT 50-29-3Diallate 2303-16-4Dibenz[a,h]anthracene 53-70-3Dibenzofuran 132-64-9Dibromochloromethane;

Chlorodibromomethane 124-48-11,2-Dibromo-

3-chloropropane;DBCP 96-12-81,2-Dibromoethane; Ethylene 106-93-4

dribromide; EDBDi-n-butyl phthalate 84-74-2o-Dichlorobenzene;

1,3-Dichlorobenzene 95-50-1m-Dichlorobenzene;

1,3-Dichlorobenzene 541-73-1p-Dichlorobenzene;

1,4-Dichlorobenzene 106-46-73,3´-Dichlorobenzidine 91-94-1trans-1,4-Dichloro-2-butene 110-57-6

Dichlorodifluoromethane; CFC 12; 75-71-81,1-Dichloroethane; Ethyldidene

chloride 75-34-31,2-Dichloroethane; Ethylene

dichloride 107-06-21,1-Dichloroethylene; 1,1-Dichloroethene; Vinylidene

chloride 75-35-4cis-1,2-Dichloroethylene;

cis-1,2-Dichloroethene 156-59-2trans-1,2-Dichloroethylenetrans-1,2-Dichloroethene 156-60-52,4-Dichlorophenol 120-83-22,6-Dichlorophenol 87-65-01,2-Dichloropropane;

Propylene dichloride 78-87-51,3-Dichloropropane;

Trimethylene dichloride 142-28-92,2-Dichloropropane;

Isopropylidene chloride 594-20-71,1-Dichloropropene 563-58-6cis-1,3-Dichloropropene 10061-01-5trans-1,3-Dichloropropene 10061-02-6Dieldrin 60-57-1Diethyl phthalate 84-66-2O,O-Diethyl O-2-pyrazinyl

phosphorothioate; Thionazin 297-97-2Dimethoate 60-51-5p-(Dimethylamino)azobenzen 60-11-77,12-Dimethylbenz[a]nthracene 57-97-63,3´-Dimethylbenzidine 119-93-72,4-Dimethylphenol; m-Xylenol 105-67-9Dimethyl phthalate 131-11-3m-Dinitrobenzene 99-65-04,6-Dinitro-o-cresol

4,6-Dinitro-2-methylphenol 534-52-12,4-Dinitrophenol; 51-28-52,4-Dinitrotoluene 121-14-22,6-Dinitrotoluene 606-20-2Dinoseb; DNBP;

2-sec-Butyl-4,6-dinitrophenol 88-85-7Di-n-octyl phthalate 117-84-0Diphenylamine 122-39-4Disulfoton 298-04-4Endosulfan I 959-98-8Endosulfan II 33213-65-9Endosulfan sulfate 1031-07-8Endrin 72-20-8Endrin aldehyde 7421-93-4Ethylbenzene 100-41-4Ethyl methacrylate 97-63-2Ethyl methanesulfonate 62-50-0Famphur 52-85-7Fluoranthene 206-44-0Fluorene 86-73-79Heptachlor 76-44-8Heptachlor epoxide 1024-57-3Hexachlorobenzene . 118-74-1Hexachlorobutadiene 87-68-3Hexachlorocyclopentadiene 77-47-4Hexachloroethane 67-72-1Hexachloropropene 1888-71-7



2-Hexanone; Methyl butyl ketone 591-78-6Indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene 193-39-5Isobutyl alcohol 78-83-1Isodrin 465-73-6Isophorone 78-59-1Isosafrole 120-58-1Kepone 143-50-0Lead (Total)Mercury (Total)Methacrylonitrile 126-98-7Methapyrilene 91-80-5Methoxychlor 72-43-5Methyl bromide; Bromomethane 74-83-9Methyl chloride; Chloromethane 74-87-33-Methylcholanthrene 56-49-5Methyl ethyl ketone; MEK;

2-Butanone 78-93-3Methyl iodide; Iodomethane 74-88-4Methyl methacrylate 80-62-6Methyl methanesulfonate 66-27-32-Methylnaphthalene 91-57-6Methyl parathion; Parathion

methyl 298-00-04-Methyl-2-pentanone; Methyl isobutyl ketone 108-10-1Methylene bromide; Dibromomethane 74-95-3Methylene chloride;

Dichloromethane 75-09-2 Naphthalene 91-20-31,4-Naphthoquinone 130-15-41-Naphthylamine 134-32-72-Naphthylamine 91-59-8Nickel (Total)o-Nitroaniline; 2-Nitroaniline 88-74-4m-Nitroaniline; 3-Nitroaniline 99-09-2p-Nitroaniline; 4-Nitroaniline 100-01-6Nitrobenzene 98-95-3o-Nitrophenol; 2-Nitrophenol 88-75-5p-Nitrophenol; 4-Nitrophenol 100-02-7N-Nitrosodi-n-butylamine 924-16-3N-Nitrosodiethylamine 55-18-5N-Nitrosodimethylamine 62-75-9N-Nitrosodiphenylamine 86-30-6N-Nitrosodipropylamine;

N-nitroso-N-dipropylamine Di-n-propylnitrosamine 621-64-7N-Nitrosomethylethylamine 10595-95-6N-Nitrosopiperidine 100-75-4N-Nitrosopyrrolidine 930-55-25-Nitro-o-toluidine 99-55-8Parathion 56-38-2Pentachlorobenzene 608-93-5Pentachloronitrobenzene 82-68-8Pentachlorophenol 87-86-5Phenacetin 62-44-2Phenanthrene 85-01-8Phenol 108-95-2p-Phenylenediamine 106-50-3Phorate 298-02-2Polychlorinated biphenyls; PCBs; See Note 5.

AroclorsPronamide 23950-58-5

Propionitrile; Ethyl cyanide 107-12-0Pyrene 129-00-0Safrole 94-59-7Selenium (Total)Silver (Total)Silvex; 2,4,5-TP 93-72-1Styrene 100-42-5Sulfide 18496-25-82,4,5-T;

2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic acid 93-76-51,2,4,5-Tetrachlorobenzene 95-94-31,1,1,2-Tetrachloroethane 630-20-61,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane 79-34-5Tetrachloroethylene; Tetra-

chloroethene; Perchloroethylene 127-18-42,3,4,6-Tetrachlorophenol 58-90-2Thallium (Total)Tin (Total)Toluene 108-88-3o-Toluidine 95-53-4Toxaphene See Note 6.1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene 120-82-11,1,1-Trichloroethane;

Methylchloroform 71-55-6 1,1,2-Trichloroethane 79-00-5Trichloroethylene; Trichloroethene 79-01-6Trichlorofluoromethane; CFC-11 75-69-42,4,5-Trichlorophenol 95-95-42,4,6-Trichlorophenol 88-06-21,2,3-Trichloropropane 96-18-40,0,0-Triethyl phosphorothioate 126-68-1sym-Trinitrobenzene 99-35-4Vanadium (Total)Vinyl acetate 108-05-4Vinyl chloride; Chloroethene 75-01-4Xylene (total) See Note 7.Zinc (Total)

Notes1. The regulatory requirements pertain onlyto the list of substances.

2. Common names are those widely used ingovernment regulations, scientific publica-tions, and commerce; synonym sexist formany chemicals.

3. This substance is often called Bis(2-chloroisopropyl) ether, the name ChemicalAbstracts Service applies to its noncommer-cial isomer, Propane, 2,2´-oxybis, 2-chloro-(CAS RN 39638-32-9).

4. Chlordane: This entry includes alpha-chlordane (CAS RN 5103-71-9), beta-chlor-dane (CAS RN 5103-74-2), gamma-chlor-dane (CAS RN 5566-34-7), and constituentsof chlordane (CAS RN 57-74-9 and CAS RN12789-03-6).

5. Polychlorinated biphenyls (CAS RN 1336-36-3); this category contains congener chem-icals, including constituents of Aroclor 1016

(CAS RN 12674-11-2), Aroclor 1221 (CASRN 11104-28-2), Aroclor 1232 (CAS RN11141-16-5), Aroclor 1242 (CAS RN 53469-21-9), Aroclor 1248 (CAS RN 12672-29-6),Aroclor 1254 (CAS RN 11097-69-1), andAroclor 1260 (CAS RN 11096-82-5).

6. Toxaphene: This entry includes congenerchemicals contained in technical toxaphene(CAS RN 8001-35-2), i.e., chlorinated cam-phene.

7. Xylene (total): This entry includes o-xylene (CAS RN 96-47-6), m-xylene (CASRN 108-38-3), p-xylene (CAS RN 106-42-3),and unspecified xylenes (dimethylbenzenes)(CAS RN 1330-20-7).

10 CSR 80-3.011 Design and Operation

Emergency rule filed Sept. 29, 1993, effectiveOct. 9, 1993, expired Feb. 5, 1994. Emer-gency rule filed Jan. 28, 1994, effective Feb.7, 1994, expired June 6, 1994.

10 CSR 80-3.020 Emergency LandfillExtensions

Emergency rule filed Sept. 29, 1993, effectiveOct. 9, 1993, expired Feb. 5, 1994. Emer-gency rule filed Jan. 28, 1994, effective Feb.7, 1994, expired June 6, 1994.



Documents

manual of design and operation sanitary landfill