Maps and Projections

Maps and ProjectionsSeptember 7, 2011So what exactly is a map?MAPS are two-dimensional representations of three-dimensional areasMAPS can depict different information, depending on the type of map.Physical MapsRepresent physical features, particularly landformsPolitical MapsRepresent political boundaries between countriesMap features

Map FeaturesKey explains symbols of mapScale shows distanceFor example, one inch on the previous map equals about 50 miles on the EarthCompass Rose Shows directions, particularly North to orient the readerPlaces of Significance Typically cities (represented by dots) or capitols (represented by encircled stars)Large v. Small ScaleLarge Scale

Small Scale

ProjectionsProjections are different ways to project the surface of the Earth onto a flat surfaceHundreds of different typesFall under three general categoriesPlanar (most accurate at the centerConic (most accurate near equator)Cylindrical (most accurate near equator)Each type has pros and cons; no projection is 100% accurateSample Projection TypesLook around the room and take notes about what you seeGeographic Information SystemsComputer systems designed to help cartographers (people that make maps and chart the Earth) make changes to existing mapsA geographic information system (GIS) integrates hardware, software, and data for capturing, managing, analyzing, and displaying all forms of geographically referenced information. GIS.comUsed for EVERYTHINGExit Ticket1. Name three categories of map projections and one example you saw in class today.2. How have technologies such as GPS and Google Maps affected our map reading skills, and do you consider it a positive or negative change? Write a paragraph explaining your answer.