Mechanical Technology Grade 12

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  • 7/23/2019 Mechanical Technology Grade 12

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    Iddupjtaigjo Bcjotb jg` Tjecty Jdt :114 "IBTJ!

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    Bcjotb jg` Tjcty Jdt 81 i :115'

    Pc privasaigs i tbc Iddupjtaigjo Bcjotb jg` Tjcty Jdt i :114 "IBTJ! jrc jsiooiws< Pc ckpoiycr kust priva`c jg` kjagtjag j sjc wirmagf cgvarigkcgt' Tuppoacrs)kjgujdturcrs kust cgsurc tbjt atcks usc` ag tbc wirmpojdc `i git

    pisc j sjcty ir bcjotb rasm' Ckpoiycrs kust agirk tbc wirmirdc i bjzjr`s ag tbc wirmpojdc'

    Ckpoiyccs kust< jmc rcjsigjhoc djrc ti cgsurc tbcar iwg jg` itbcrs bcjotb jg` sjcty' Djrry iut jgy ojwuo ir`cr jg` ihcy tbc bcjotb jg` sjcty ruocs jg` pridc`urcs

    oja` `iwg hy tbc ckpoiycr' Xcpirt ugsjc)ugbcjotby satujtaigs' Xcpirt agda`cgts tbjt kjy jcdt bcjotb ir wbadb kjy djusc aglury'

    Pc Jdt josi rccrs ti tbc iooiwagf< Pc jppiagtkcgt i bcjotb jg` sjcty rcprcscgtjtavcs' Pc cstjhoasbkcgt i bcjotb jg` sjcty dikkattccs' Xcpirtagf i agda`cgts)`ascjscs jg` agspcdtaigs'

    Cxtrjdts erik tbc Iddupjtaigjo Bcjotb jg` Tjecty Jdtie :114 "IBTJ! digdcrgagf Fcgcrjo Bcjotb jg` TjectyXcfuojtaig

    ^crsigjo pritcdtavc cquapkcgt jg` jdaoatacs:' Tuhlcdt ti tbc privasaigs i scdtaig 2"8!"`!/ cvcry ckpoiycr/ sco+ckpoiyc`

    pcrsig ir uscr/ js tbc djsc kjy hc/ sbjoo kjmc jg cvjoujtaig i tbc rasm jttjdbc`ti jgy dig`ataig ir satujtaig wbadb kjy jrasc rik tbc jdtavatacs i sudbckpoiycr/ sco+ckpoiyc` pcrsig ir uscr/ js tbc djsc kjy hc/ jg` ti wbadbpcrsigs jt j wirmpojdc ir ag tbc diursc i tbcar ckpoiykcgt ir ag diggcdtaigwatb tbc usc i kjdbagcry jrc cxpisc`/ jg` bc sbjoo tjmc sudb stcps irprcdjutaigjry kcjsurcs js kjy hc gcdcssjry ti rcg`cr tbc dig`ataig ir satujtaigsjc jg` watbiut rasm ti tbc bcjotb i pcrsigs'

    8' jmagf agti jddiugt tbc gjturc i tbc bjzjr` tbjt as ti hc diugtcrc`/ jg`watbiut `crifjtagf rik tbc fcgcrjo `utacs akpisc` ig ckpoiycrs jg` uscrshy suh+rcfuojtaigs ":! jg` "8!/ tbc pcrsigjo pritcdtavc cquapkcgt jg` jdaoatacsdigtckpojtc` ag suh+rcfuojtaig "8! sbjoo agdou`c/ js kjy hc gcdcssjry

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    Tjecty :

    suatjhoc fiffocs/ spcdtjdocs/ jdc sbaco`s/ wco`agf sbaco`s/ vasirs/ bjr` bjts/pritcdtavc bcokcts/ djps/ foivcs/ fjugtocts/ jprigs/ ljdmcts/ djpcs/ soccvcs/ocffagfs/ spjts/ fjatcrs/ pritcdtavc iitwcjr/ pritcdtavc ivcrjoos/ ir jgy sakaojrpcrsigjo pritcdtavc cquapkcgt ir jdaoaty i j typc tbjt waoo ccdtavcoy prcvcgthi`aoy aglury=

    wjtcrprii doitbagf/ bafb vasahaoaty doitbagf/ dbckadjo rcsastjgt doitbagf/oiwtckpcrjturc doitbagf/ dbjag+kjao fjrkcgts/ wj`crs/ rc+rctjr`jgt ir

    jkcprii doitbagf/ adc ljdmcts/ ir jgy sakaojr pcrsigjo pritcdtavc cquapkcgti j typc tbjt waoo ccdtavcoy pritcdt tbc wcjrcr tbcrci jfjagst bjrk=

    bjrgcsscs/ gcts/ joo jrrcstcrs/ oac oagcs/ sjcty biims ir jgy sakaojr cquapkcgti j typc tbjt waoo ccdtavcoy pritcdt pcrsigs jfjagst joos=

    kjts/ hjrracrs/ oidmagf+iut `cvadcs/ sjcty safgs ir jgy sakaojr jdaoaty tbjt waooccdtavcoy prcvcgt soappagf/ ugsjc cgtry ir ugsjc dig`ataigs=

    pritcdtavc iagtkcgts/ cjr kus/ cjr poufs/ rcsparjtirs/ hrcjtbagf+jppjrjtuskjsms/ jar oagcs/ bii`s/ bcokcts ir jgy sakaojr pcrsigjo pritcdtavc cquapkcgtir jdaoaty i j typc tbjt waoo ccdtavcoy pritcdt jfjagst bjrk< priva`c` tbjtbcjragf pritcdtavc cquapkcgt sbjoo hc i j typc tbjt digirks ti TJGT :03:=^jrts A jg` AA< priva`c` urtbcr tbjt rcsparjtiry pritcdtavc cquapkcgt sbjoo hc

    i j typc tbjt digirks ti TJGT >44+11= suatjhoc agsuojtagf kjtcrajo ug`criit wbcrc pcrsigs wirm ig j iir kj`c

    i kctjo/ stigc ir digdrctc ir itbcr sakaojr kjtcrajo= jg` sudb pcrsigjopritcdtavc cquapkcgt ir jdaoatacs js kjy hc gcdcssjry ti rcg`cr tbc pcrsigsdigdcrgc` sjc'

    At as akpirtjgt ti pritcdt yiursco hy wcjragf tbc jppriprajtc pritcdtavc doitbagf'i hcfag watb/ j dirrcdtoy ttagf/ rc+rctjr`jgt ivcrjoo "igc+ ir twi+pacdc! as tbcrst oagc i `ccgdc/ js at pritcdts yiur hi`y jg` doitbagf rik wirmsbip `art jg`spjrms' At josi prcvcgts yiur doitbagf rik hcdikagf cgtjgfoc` ag kjdbagc pjrts'

    Ttcco+djppc` sjcty sbics ir hiits jrc josi akpirtjgt js tbcy pritcdt yiur cct rikjooagf ihlcdts' @cpcg`agf ig tbc jdtavatacs yiu waoo hc dig`udtagf ag tbc wirmsbip/tbc iooiwagf atcks i pcrsigjo pritcdtavc wcjr jrc josi gcdcssjry< dbrikc ocjtbcr foivcs jg` jprigs csscgtajo wbcg wco`agf ir wirmagf watb

    bcjtc` kjtcrajo pritcdtavc cycwcjr akpirtjgt wbcg dig`udtagf jgy wirm wbadb djg hc

    bjzjr`ius ti yiur cycs/ ir cxjkpoc/ sbj`c` ocgscs sbiuo` hc wirg wbcgwco`agf ti pritcdt yiur cycs rik agtcgsc bcjt jg` oafbt/ jg` docjr pritcdtavcocgscs sbiuo` hc wirg wbcg `iagf frag`agf wirm ir kjdbagagf ipcrjtaigs

    cjr poufs ir cjr kus ti pritcdt yiur cjrs cspcdajooy a yiu jrc wirmagf ag jgiasy cgvarigkcgt'

    At as akpirtjgt ti fct agti tbc bjhat i wcjragf tbc gcdcssjry pritcdtavc cquapkcgt'Gcfocdtagf ti wcjr tbc jppriprajtc cquapkcgt cvcg igdc kjy rcsuot ag pcrkjgcgtagluracs ir wirsc' Eafurc :': aooustrjtcs sikc hjsad/ pcrsigjo pritcdtavc sjcty wcjr'

    Eafurc :':< Hjsad pcrsigjo pritcdtavc wcjr

    Ivcrjoo

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    : Kcdbjgadjo Pcdbgioify

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    : Kcdbjgadjo Pcdbgioify

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    8 Kcdbjgadjo Pcdbgioify

    Agtri`udtaig

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    Fs goyscr

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    Eafurc 8':< j DI fs goyscr

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    Pc OD@ waoo `aspojy >>> uragf tbc 4>+scdig`/ prcbcjt pcrai` jg` waoofi tbriufb tbc juti+zcri sco+tcst prifrjkkc ir 43 scdig`s/ ugtao >'>> as`aspojyc`'

    @i git diggcdt tbc jrkiurc` bisc i tbc dig`cgscr padmup ti tbc rcjr i tbckjdbagc ugtao >'>> as `aspojyc`'

    Agscrt tbc saoadigc bisc prihc jg` dojkp at igti tbc cxbjust tjaopapc watb tbcstjg` ti tbc rafbt ir oc i tbc cxbjust ukcs ti prcvcgt tbc bcjt rik jcdtagftbc stjg`'

    Sgrioo tbc jrkiurc` bisc jg` prcss at igti tbc hrjss agoct jt tbc hjdm i tbc

    jgjoyscr' Ihscrvc tbc rcj`agfs ig tbc `aspojy jg` kjmc j`lustkcgts jddir`agf ti tbcvcbadoc kjgujdturcrs spcdadjtaigs'

    At as akpirtjgt ti usc tbc jgjoyscr watb tbc dig`cgscr stjg` itbcrwasc yiu waoo`jkjfc tbc jgjoyscr'

    A tbc jgjoyscr as jdda`cgtjooy swatdbc` i jt jgy takc/ tbc padmup bisc kust hcrckivc` rik tbc hjdm i tbc jgjoyscr' Pas jooiws tbc jgjoyscr/ wbcg swatdbc`ig jfjag/ ti juti+zcri watbiut digtjagagf cxbjust fjs ag tbc pukp dbjkhcrsjg` bisc' A tbc padmup bisc as git rckivc`/ tbc juti+zcri waoo stjrt jhivc > jg`favc agjddurjtc rcj`agfs'

    Gcvcr diggcdt jg` `asdiggcdt dojkps watbiut rckivagf tbc papc jt tbc hjdm i tbc

    jgjoyscr'

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    Eotcr

    Fs goyscr kctcr

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    Piios 8

    Pc bisc diggcdtaigs kust hc jartafbt jg` tbc vjovc ig tbc dig`cgscr kust hcag tbc birazigtjo pisataig "doisc`!'

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    Pc biscs sbiuo` hc `asdiggcdtc` rik tbc jgjoyscr ti jvia` `jkjfc ti tbc pukp' Pc dig`cgscr sbiuo` hc `rjagc` jcr cjdb tcst/ usagf tbc vjovc' Vbcg tbc pjpcr otcr hcdikcs oafbt frcy/ at sbiuo` hc dbjgfc`' "jmc djrc wbcg

    agscrtagf otcr pjpcr agti tbc biusagf' Kjmc surc tbc wag`iw as pripcroy oidjtc`hcirc bjg`+tafbtcgagf tbc ojrfc gut'!

    Pc uco otcr ig tbc dig`cgscr stjg` sbiuo` hc dbjgfc` rcfuojroy' Ig j :8+viot jgjoyscr/ tbc hjttcry dojkps sbiuo` hc docjg'

    Jsscsskcgt :

    :' Cxpojag tbc ugdtaig i j fjs jgjoyscr'8' Cxpojag biw yiu wiuo` diggcdt tbc fjs jgjoyscr ti j kitir djrs cgfagc ti

    tcst tbc DI i tbc cxbjust fjs'

    Hragcoo br`gcss tcstcr

    Eugdtaig i tcst biw bjr` `acrcgt typcs i kjtcrajos jrc' Bjr`gcss rccrs ti j kjtcrajos jhaoaty ti rcsast pojstad `cirkjtaig/ usujooy hy

    pcgctrjtaig' Pc tcrk bjr`gcss kjy josi rccr ti j kjtcrajos rcsastjgdc tihcg`agf/ sdrjtdbagf/ jhrjsaig ir duttagf'

    Pc Hragcoo Bjr`gcss cst agviovcs ag`cgtagf tbc tcst kjtcrajo watb j :> kkpacdc i bjr`cgc` stcco ir j djrha`c hjoo/ hy suhlcdtagf at ti j oij` i 4 >>> mf'

    "Eir sicr kjtcrajos/ tbc oij` djg hc rc`udc` ti : 3>> mf ir 3>> mf ti jvia`cxdcssavc ag`cgtjtaig'! Pc uoo oij` as girkjooy jppoac` ir :> ti :3 scdig`s/ agtbc djsc i arig jg` stcco/ jg` ir jt ocjst 4> scdig`s ag tbc djsc i itbcr kctjos'Pc `ajkctcr i tbc ag`cgtjtaig oc ag tbc tcst kjtcrajo as kcjsurc` watb j oiw+piwcrc` kadrisdipc'

    Xidmwcoo Br`gcss cstPc Xidmwcoo Bjr`gcss cst kctbi` agviovcs ag`cgtagf tbc tcst kjtcrajo watb j`ajkig` digc ir bjr`cgc` stcco+hjoo ag`cgtcr' Pc ag`cgtcr as irdc` agti tbc tcstkjtcrajo ug`cr j prcoakagjry kagir oij` "E>!/ usujooy :> mf' Mf as j kctbi` icxprcssagf oij` ag tcrks i kjss' Pc pcrkjgcgt agdrcjsc ag `cptb i pcgctrjtaig/

    rcsuotagf rik tbc jppoadjtaig jg` rckivjo i tbc j``ataigjo kjlir oij`/ as usc` tidjoduojtc tbc Xidmwcoo Bjr`gcss Gukhcr'

    Eafurc 8'8 "!< Xidmwcoo br`gcss tcstcr Eafurc 8'8 "h!< Hrgcoo tcstcr

    Br`gcss g`dtir kctcr

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    jdtvtgf pgco

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    4>

    8 Kcdbjgadjo Pcdbgioify

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    usc` ti kcjsurc kjss/ ocgftb ir takc' Vc djg igoy `cgc bjr`gcss' Eir kjgy ycjrs/ tbc bjr`gcss i j kjtcrajo bjs hccg jsscssc` hy ats rcsastjgdc

    ti sdrjtdbagf ir duttagf/ ir cxjkpoc/ a kjtcrajo H sdrjtdbcs kjtcrajo D hut gitkjtcrajo J' Pc rcojtavc bjr`gcss i kagcrjos djg hc jsscssc` hy rccrragf ti tbcKibs sdjoc/ wbadb rjgms tbc jhaoaty i kjtcrajos ti rcsast sdrjtdbagf hy itbcr

    kjtcrajos' Takaojr kctbi`s ti jsscss bjr`gcss jrc staoo usc` ti`jy' Jg cxjkpoc as tbc oc

    tcst' Ag tbas tcst/ j oc/ tckpcrc` ti j `csarc` bjr`gcss/ as ruhhc` ig tbc tcstkjtcrajos surjdc' A tbc oc soa`cs watbiut hatagf ir kjrmagf tbc surjdc/ tbc tcstkjtcrajo as digsa`crc` bjr`cr tbjg tbc oc'

    Bjr`gcss tcsts oamc tbcsc jrc oakatc` jg` `i git priva`c jddurjtc gukcrad `jtjir sdjocs/ pjrtaduojroy ir ki`crg kctjos jg` kjtcrajos' Pc usujo kctbi` tijdbacvc j bjr`gcss vjouc as ti kcjsurc tbc `cptb ir jrcj i jg ag`cgtjtaig oc hyjg ag`cgtcr i j spcdad sbjpc wbcg j spcdad irdc as jppoac` ir j spcdad takc'

    Drc

    Iao tbc pojtirk j`lustcr ti jvia` rust' Vbcg tbc tcstcr as usc`/ at sbiuo` hc kiugtc` pripcroy ti cgsurc tbc dirrcdt

    rcj`agf' @i git cxdcc` tbc prcssurc tbjt as prcsdrahc` ir tcstagf dcrtjag kjtcrajos' Pc

    kjdbagc diuo` hc `jkjfc`' Pc vadc ag wbadb tbc sjkpoc kjtcrajo as dojkpc` sbiuo` hc stjhoc ti cgsurc j

    dirrcdt rcj`agf'

    Jsscsskcgt 8

    :' Cxpojag tbc pragdapocs i tbc Hragcoo bjr`gcss tcstcr'

    Kuotakctcr

    Eugdtaig Pc kctcr djg hc usc` ti tcst `acrcgt cocdtradjo dikpigcgts jg` digdcpts' Pc swatdb ig tbc kctcr scocdts tbc ugdtaig jg` `csarc` rjgfcs jg` josi turgs

    tbc kctcr ig jg` i' i cxtcg` tbc oac i tbc hjttcry/ tbc swatdb sbiuo` hc ag tbcIEE pisataig wbcg tbc kctcr as git ag usc'

    i tcst durrcgt/ viotjfc/ rcsastjgdc/ digtaguaty/ trjgsastirs jg` `ai`cs'

    ^gco `csdraptaig

    Eafurc 8'4< Kuotkctcr

    OD@ `spoy sdrccg

    Xgfc scocdtir swtdb

    :>j @D tcrkgo sidmct

    Ukj tcrkgo sidmct

    Dikkig tcrkgo sidmct

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    Piios 8

    Ssc ie kuotakctcr

    Biw ti tcst durrcgt eoiw

    @D durrcgt kcsurckcgt Diggcdt tbc hojdm tcst ocj` ti tbc DIK ljdm jg` tbc rc` tcst ocj` ti tbc UkJ

    ljdm' "A tbc durrcgt as cqujo ti ir frcjtcr tbjg 8>> kJ/ usc tbc :>J ljdm agstcj`'! Tct tbc rjgfc swatdb ti tbc `csarc` durrcgt rjgfc' Ipcg tbc darduat ag wbadb tbc durrcgt as ti hc kcjsurc` jg` diggcdt tbc tcst

    ocj`s ag scracs watb tbc darduat' Xcj` tbc durrcgt vjouc ig tbc OD@ aspojy joigf watb tbc piojraty i tbc rc` tcst

    ocj`'

    Biw ti tcst viotfc

    @D viotc kcsurckcgt Diggcdt tbc rc` tcst ocj` ti tbc UkJ ljdm jg` tbc hojdm tcst ocj` ti tbc DIK

    ljdm'

    Tct tbc rjgfc swatdb ti tbc csarc` rjgfc' A tbc viotjfc as git mgiwg hcircbjg`/sct tbc rjgfc swatdb jt tbc bafbcst rjgfc pisataig jg` tbcg rc`udc tbc rjgfc agagdrckcgts ugtao tbc rcsioutaig as sjtasjdtiry'

    Diggcdt tbc tcst ocj`s jdriss tbc `cvadc ir darduat ti hc kcjsurc`' Xcj` tbc viotjfc vjouc ig tbc OD@ aspojy joigf watb tbc piojraty i tbc rc` tcst

    ocj`'

    Biw ti tcst rcsastgdc

    Xcsastgdc kcsurckcgt Diggcdt tbc rc` tcst ocj` ti tbc UkJ ljdm jg` tbc hojdm tcst ocj` ti tbc DIK

    ljdm' Tct tbc rjgfc swatdb ti tbc `csarc` rjgfc' A tbc rcsastir ti hc kcjsurc` as diggcdtc` ti j darduat/ `asdiggcdt tbc darduats

    piwcr jg` `asdbjrfc joo djpjdatirs hcirc kcjsuragf tbc rcsastjgdc' Diggcdt tbc tcst ocj`s jdriss tbc rcsastir ti hc kcjsurc` jg` rcj` tbc rcsastjgdc

    vjouc ig tbc OD@ `aspojy'

    Biw ti tcst trgsastirs

    rgsastir tcst Tct tbc rjgfc swatdb ti tbc bEC rjgfc' @ctcrkagc wbctbcr tbc trjgsastir ti hc tcstc` as j G^ ir G^G typc jg` oidjtc

    tbc ckattcr/ hjsc jg` dioocdtir ocj`s' Agscrt tbc ocj`s agti tbc pripcr biocs i tbcbEC sidmct ig tbc rigt pjgco' Pc kctcr waoo `aspojy tbc jpprixakjtc bEC vjouc'

    Biw ti tcst digtaguaty

    @ai`c g` digtaguaty kcsurckcgt Diggcdt tbc rc` tcst ocj` ti tbc UkJ ljdm jg` tbc hojdm tcst ocj` ti tbc DIK

    ljdm' Tct tbc rjgfc swatdb ti tbc rjgfc' Diggcdt tbc rc` tcst ocj` ti tbc jgi`c i tbc `ai`c ti hc tcstc` jg` tbc hojdm tcst

    ocj` ti tbc djtbi`c i tbc `ai`c'

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    8 Kcdbjgadjo Pcdbgioify

    Pc jpprixakjtc irwjr` viotjfc rip i tbc `ai`c waoo hc `aspojyc` ag kU' Atbc diggcdtaig as rcvcrsc`/ igoy tbc furc : waoo hc sbiwg ig tbc OD@'

    Diggcdt tbc tcst ocj`s ti tbc twi tcrkagjos i tbc darduat ti hc tcstc`' A tbc rcsastjgdc as ocss tbjg jhiut 3> / tbc huzzcr waoo siug`'

    Drc i tbc kuotakctcrPc iooiwagf prcdjutaigs sbiuo` hc tjmcg> f!' jmc tbc rcj`agf ig tbc oij` dcoo' Ihtjag tbc fcikctry i tbc systck i irdcs hy kcjsurckcgt jg` tbcg hy

    djoduojtaig'

    Cgsurc tbjt tbc puoocy as rcc+ruggagf' ry itbcr fcikctracs hy rcjrrjgfagf tbcpuoocys jg` oij` dcoos "js oigf js tbc puoocys jooiw tbc stragf ti hc jttjdbc` ti tbcoij` dcoo vcrtadjooy!'

    Drc Joo guts jg` hiots ig tbc tcstcr sbiuo` hc scdurc` pripcroy' Ttirc tbc cquapkcgt ag j ry pojdc ti prcvcgt jgy rust' Vbcg j``agf `acrcgt kjss pacdcs/ `i si vcry fcgtoy ir yiu diuo` ihtjag jg

    agdirrcdt rcj`agf ig tbc oij` dcoos' Hcirc yiu stirc tbc tcstcr/ rckivc joo kjss pacdcs'

    @i git hukp tbc oij` dcoos js tbas kjy djusc `jkjfc'

    Hck hcg`agf

    Eugdtaigi usc j tcstcr ti `ctcrkagc tbc `ccdtaig i vjraius favcg pacdcs i kjtcrajo'i agvcstafjtc tbc `ccdtaig i hcjks' Ag tbc sakpocst djsc/ tbc cquapkcgt djghc usc` js jg aooustrjtaig i Qiugfs ki`uous ir j kjtcrajo' Eir cxjkpoc/ jgjoukagauk hcjk waoo `ccdt riufboy tbrcc takcs kirc tbjg j stcco hcjk i tbcsjkc scdtaig/ ug`cr tbc sjkc oij` dig`ataigs/ sagdc tbc ki`uous ir joukagauk as jtbar` i tbjt i stcco'

    Eafurc 8':8< j hck+hcg`gf tcst mt

    ^ridc`urc ti usc tbc hck+hcg`ag tcst mat Jssckhoc tbc cquapkcgt js `arcdtc` ag tbc mat/ scocdtagf jg jppriprajtc hcjk' Ssagf j ruocr jg` j `ry+wapc kjrmcr/ rjw j oagc jdriss tbc hcjk 8>> kk rik

    tbc riit'

    J`` j :> f wcafbt bjgfcr ti tbc ajo ag`adjtir jg` soa`c tbc `ajo fjufc `iwgigti tbc hcjk ugtao at rcj`s :> kk' Xckivc tbc wcafbt bjgfcr jg` zcri tbciutcr sdjoc usagf tbc hczco' Vatb pojstad hcjks/ tbas kjy tjmc scvcrjo jttckpts'

    J`` j :>> f kjss ti tbc `ajo ag`adjtir jg` rcdir` tbc `ajo ag`adjtir rcj`agf'

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    8 Kcdbjgadjo Pcdbgioify

    Xcpcjt tbc prcvaius stcp ugtao yiu rcjdb 3>> f/ agdrcjsagf tbc kjss ag :>> fagdrckcgts'

    ^oit j frjpb i `ccdtaig "x+jxas! vcrsus oij` "y+jxas! ti privc tbc rcocvjgttbciracs'

    Drc Joo guts jg` hiots ig tbc tcstcr sbiuo` hc scdurc` pripcroy'

    Ttirc tbc cquapkcgt ag j ry pojdc ti prcvcgt jgy rust' Vbcg j``agf tbc `acrcgt kjss pacdcs/ wirm vcry fcgtoy ig ir yiu diuo` ihtjag

    jg agdirrcdt rcj`agf ig tbc `ajo ag`adjtir' Hcirc yiu stirc tbc tcstcr/ rckivc joo kjss pacdcs' @i git mccp tbc spcdakcg ag j hcgt pisataig jcr tbc tcstagf bjs hccg

    dikpoctc`'

    Pcgsaoc tcstcr

    Eugdtaigi `ckigstrjtc tbc ug`jkcgtjos i tbc tcgsaoc tcst i `acrcgt kjtcrajos'

    Pc tcgsaoc tcstcr as j `cstrudtavc tcstcr wbadb suhlcdts j pacdc i kjtcrajo ti jgagdrcjsagf jxajo oij` wbaoc kcjsuragf tbc dirrcspig`agf coigfjtaig i tbc kjtcrajo'Pc tcst as `csafgc` ti favc tbc yaco` strcss/ uotakjtc tcgsaoc strcss jg` coigfjtaigpcrdcgtjfc i j pacdc i kjtcrajo'

    Eafurc 8':4< j tcgsoc tcstcr

    ^ridc`urc ti usc tbc tcgsaoc tcstcr ^ojdc tbc pacdc i kjtcrajo hctwccg tbc twi jgdbir piagts' afbtcg tbc sdrcws' urg tbc bjg`wbcco ugtao tbc `ajo ag`adjtir stjrts ti kivc' \cri tbc `ajo ag`adjtir' Gitc tbc kcjsurckcgt ig tbc ruocr gcjr tbc tip pjrt i tbc jgdbir piagt' urg tbc bjg`wbcco igc uoo ritjtaig' "Pc rcj`agf ig tbc ruocr sbiuo` hc

    : kk'! Pc tip i tbc sjkpoc kjtcrajo waoo giw hc strctdbc` hy : kk' Pc hittik i tbc spcdakcg as diggcdtc` ti ojrfc spragfs/ tbc `ccdtaig i

    wbadb as kcjsurc` ig tbc `ajo ag`adjtir'

    Bg`wbcco

    Pcst spcdkcg

    @o g`dtir

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    Piios 8

    ^rcssurc kctcr g`dtir

    Tprm+pouf `ptir

    Xuhhcr ppc^rcssurc rcoc vovc

    Pc spcdakcgs coigfjtaig as djoduojtc` hy suhtrjdtagf tbc `ajo ag`adjtir rcj`agfrik tbc gukhcr i turgs' Eir cxjkpoc/ a tbc bjg`wbcco bjs hccg turgc` tbrcctakcs jg` tbc ajo ag`adjtir rcj`agf as 8/24 kk/ tbc coigfjtaig as 4/>> 8'24 ;>/:6 kk'

    Pc `ajo ag`adjtir josi priva`cs jg ag`adjtaig i tbc irdc jppoac` ti tbcspcdakcg' Tagdc tbc spragfs bjvc j dikhagc` rjtc i :>> G)kk/ cjdb `ajoag`adjtir `avasaig as cqujo ti igc gcwtig' Ag itbcr wir`s/ a tbc `ajo ag`adjtir

    rcj`s 8/24 kk/ tbc irdc as 824 G' iwjr`s tbc cg` i tbc tcst/ tbc kjtcrajo waoo yaco` rjpa`oy jg` jg jddurjtc `ajo

    ag`adjtir rcj`agf kjy git hc cjsaoy rcj`' A tbc rcj`agf `ics git stjhaoasc jcr8>4> scdig`s/ tjmc tbc spcdakcg ti rjdturc piagt hy turgagf tbc bjg`wbccougtao tbc spcdakcg sgjps'

    Vag` tbc bjg`wbcco hjdm ugtao tbc cg`s i tbc sgjppc` spcdakcg tiudb jg`rcj` tbc ocgftb ig tbc sdjoc jt tbc hjdm'

    Gitc Eir stcco jg` urjoukag/ usc bjo+turg agdrckcgts i tbc bjg`wbcco tbriufb tbc

    rjgfc'

    Eir joukagauk/ igc+b+turg agdrckcgts jrc jddcptjhoc' Eir pojstads/ igc+b+turg agdrckcgts ir tbc rst tbrcc turgs jrc jddcptjhoc'

    Pcrcjcr/ usc agdrckcgts i twi turgs ugtao tbc kjtcrajo sgjps'

    Drc Ttirc tbc cquapkcgt ag j ry pojdc ti prcvcgt jgy rust' @i git mccp tbc spcdakcg ag j strctdbc` pisataig wbcg yiu stirc at' Iao tbc j`lustagf wbcco jg` tbrcj`' Dbcdm tbc `ajo ag`adjtir jg` docjg tbc sbj'

    Jsscsskcgt 6

    :' Cxpojag tbc usc i tbc iooiwagf tcstcrs< irsaig tcstcr Hcjk+hcg`agf tcstcr Kaga tcgsaoc tcstcr'

    Dikprcssaig tcstcrs

    EugdtaigHy usagf j prcssurc tcstcr/ yiu djg `ctcrkagc tbc dig`ataig i j kitir cgfagc' i

    tcst tbc dikprcssaig i jg cgfagc wbcg tbc pastig kivcs rik @D ti H@D irrik H@D ti @D `uragf tbc piwcr strimc'

    Eafurc 8':0< Dikprcssig tcstcr

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    8 Kcdbjgadjo Pcdbgioify

    ^ridc`urc ti usc dikprcssir tcstcr Xug tbc cgfagc ugtao at rcjdbcs girkjo ipcrjtagf tckpcrjturc' Vbcg j tcst as

    `igc ig j dio` cgfagc/ at usujooy sbiws oiwcr rcj`agfs' Xckivc tbc bafb tcgsaig "B! ocj`s jg` tjmc iut joo tbc spjrm+poufs' Kjrm cjdb spjrm+pouf si tbjt yiu mgiw rik wbadb dyoag`cr at wjs tjmcg' Pc afgataig systck kust tbcg hc `asjhoc`' A tbas as git igc/ at waoo digtaguc ti

    fcgcrjtc bafb tcgsaig viotjfcs agti tbc B ocj`s wbadb waoo bjvc giwbcrc ti fi

    watb tbc poufs rckivc`' Pcsc bafb viotjfcs waoo g` jgitbcr riutc ti cjrtb jg` djg jkjfc tbc afgataig

    systck ir cvcg tbc djrs CDS "cgfagc digtrio ugat!' Sgpouf tbc oiw tcgsaig diggcdtaigs ti tbc diao ir ti tbc `astrahutir' At as josi fii` prjdtadc ti ugpouf tbc uco aglcdtirs ir `asjhoc tbc uco pukp/

    cspcdajooy ig djrs ttc` watb j djtjoytad digvcrtcr' Pas prcvcgts ughurgc` ucorik fcttagf agti tbc cxbjust systck `uragf tbc tcst'

    Tdrcw tbc fjufc agti dyoag`cr : jg` rcst at wbcrc yiu djg scc tbc `ajo wbaoc yiudrjgm tbc cgfagc'

    Eafurc 8':3< Ssgf dikprcssig tcstcr

    Ipcg tbc tbrittoc uooy/ catbcr hy prcssagf tbc jddcocrjtir ir wc`fagf ipcg tbcoagmjfc ug`cr tbc higgct' A tbc tbrittoc as git ipcg/ jar djggit fct agti tbcdyoag`cr jg` tbc rcj`agfs waoo hc jr tii oiw'

    Drjgm tbc cgfagc ugtao tbc fjufc stips rasagf jg` diugt tbc rcvioutaigs wbaocyiu `i si'

    At sbiuo` girkjooy tjmc gi kirc tbjg :> cgfagc rcvioutaigs "3 dikprcssaigdydocs! ti ihtjag j uoo rcj`agf'

    Qiu djg diugt tbc dydocs hy wjtdbagf tbc fjufc tii cjdb lukp i tbc gcc`oc asigc dikprcssaig strimc'

    Vratc `iwg tbc gjo rcj`agf jg` josi kjmc j kcgtjo gitc i biw quadmoy tbcfjufc risc ig tbc rst cw dydocs'

    Kjmc usc i tbc rcocjsc vjovc jg` rcocjsc tbc prcssurc ti zcri' Xcpcjt tbc pridc`urc ir tbc itbcr tbrcc dyoag`crs' Kjmc surc tbjt cjdb dyoag`cr rcjdbcs ats bafbcst rcj`agf jcr tbc sjkc gukhcr

    i cgfagc rcvioutaigs' A joo rcj`agfs jrc fii`/ yiu djg gasb tbc tcst tbcrc' A jgy dyoag`crs jrc oiw/ yiu djg `i j wct tcst' Pas agviovcs squartagf j cw

    `rips i iao agti tbc dyoag`cr jg` rcpcjtagf tbc tcst' Pc iao waoo bcop scjo ocjmy ragfs jg` agdrcjsc tbc rcj agf hut at waoo git siovc tbc

    prihock/ wbadb oacs ag tbc vjovcs ir bcj` fjsmct'

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    Piios 8

    Drc Ttirc tbc kctcr ag j `ry pojdc' Dbcdm tbc tbrcj` ig tbc j`jptirs rcfuojroy' Dbcdm papcs ir `jkjfc' Cgsurc tbjt tbc dojkps ig tbc papcs jrc tafbt' Jowjys rcoacvc tbc prcssurc ig tbc tcstcr jcr yiu bjvc pcrirkc` j tcst ig j

    dyoag`cr'

    Jsscsskcgt 2

    :' Cxpojag/ stcp+hy+stcp/ tbc usc i j dikprcssaig tcstcr ig j kitir vcbadoc'

    Tpragf tcstcr

    EugdtaigPc tcstcr as usc` ti tcst tbc pripcrtacs i j dikprcssaig spragf' Hy usagf Biimcs

    ojw/ yiu djg `ctcrkagc tbc iooiwagf< Ttrjag "tbc jkiugt hy wbadb j hi`y as`cirkc`! as `arcdtoy pripirtaigjo ti tbc strcss ats `cirkjtaig djuscs/ priva`c` tbcoakat i tbc pripirtaigjoaty as git cxdcc`c`'

    Eafurc 8':5< j sprgf tcstcr

    ^ridc`urc ti usc sprag tcstcr

    ^ojdc tbc spragf hctwccg tbc twi ljws' jmc up tbc sojdm i tbc spragf' Pc spragf as dikprcssc` hy tbc tip ljw' Tct tbc ag`adjtir ti zcri' urg tbc ocvcr ig tbc kjdbagc si tbjt at dikprcsscs tbc spragf 8 kk

    ">/>>8 k!' "Pc sdjoc as ig tbc rigt pjgco i tbc kjdbagc'! jmc j rcj`agf riktbc ag`adjtir'

    Xcpcjt ag 8 kk ">/>>8 k! stcps ugtao yiu rcjdb tbc cg` i tbc trjvco i tbcspragf'

    Drc Joo kivagf pjrts sbiuo` hc docjgc` pripcroy hcirc tbc kjdbagc as stirc`' Ouhradjtc tbc kivagf pjrts' Tcdurc joo hiots hcirc yiu usc tbc tcstcr'

    Tdoc

    ag`dtir

    Sppcr potirk

    Oiwcr potirk Dikprcssgf ocvcr

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    8 Kcdbjgadjo Pcdbgioify

    Jsscsskcgt 1

    :' Cxpojag Biimcs ojw'8' Vbjt as tbc ugdtaig i j spragf tcstcr94' Cxpojag/ stcp+hy+stcp/ biw yiu wiuo` usc j spragf tcstcr ti tcst tbc tcgsaig i

    spragf wbcg yiu dikprcss at'

    KAF)KjF wco`crs

    EugdtaigKaf wco`agf as jg jutikjtad ir scka+jutikjtad pridcss ag wbadb j warc diggcdtc`ti j siurdc i `arcdt durrcgt jdts js jg cocdtri`c ti liag twi pacdcs i kctjo js tbcyjrc digtaguiusoy pjssc` tbriufb j wco`agf fug' J iw i jg agcrt fjs/ irafagjooyjrfig ir DI

    8"ir j kaxturc i jrfig jg` DI

    8!/ as aglcdtc` jt tbc sjkc takc js tbc

    warc cocdtri`c'

    Pc warc as digtaguiusoy c` tbriufb j fug ti tbc wco` piio hy j warc cc`cr'Catbcr sioa` warc "FKJV! ir dirc` warc "EDJV+FT ux+dirc` jrd wco`agf/ fjssbaco`agf! djg hc usc`'

    Pas agcrt fjs jdts js j sbaco`/ mccpagf jarhirgc digtjkagjgts jwjy rik tbc wco`zigc'

    KAF)KJF wco`crs usc tbc bcjt pri`udc` js cocdtradaty lukps jdriss tbc fjp rikigc dig`udtir ti jgitbcr' Js tbc cocdtradaty pjsscs tbriufb tbas fjs/ agtcgsc jg`digdcgtrjtc` bcjt "4 5>> ti 0 >>> D! as pri`udc`'

    Eafurc 8':6< KaF)KjF wco`cr

    ^ridc`urc ti usc tbc KAf)Kjf wco`crPc j`vjgtjfc i KAF wco`agf as tbjt at jooiws kctjo ti hc wco`c` kudb kircquadmoy tbjg trj`ataigjo stadm wco`agf tcdbgaqucs' Pas kjmcs at a`cjo ir wco`agfsicr kctjos sudb js joukagauk' Vbcg tbas kctbi` wjs rst `cvcoipc`/ tbc disti tbc agcrt fjs kj`c tbc pridcss tii cxpcgsavc ir wco`agf stcco' Ivcr tbc ycjrs/

    tbc pridcss bjs cviovc`/ biwcvcr/ jg` scka+agcrt fjscs sudb js djrhig `aixa`c djggiw hc usc` ti priva`c tbc sbaco`agf ugdtaig wbadb giw kjmcs KAF wco`agf dist+ccdtavc ir wco`agf stcco'

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    Piios 8

    Eafurc 8':2< KaF)KjF wco`gf pridcss

    Drc Doisc tbc hittocs jcr usc'

    Xckivc tbc prcssurc ig tbc fjs dyoag`cr jcr usc' Virm ag j docjg/ `ry pojdc' Cgsurc tbjt tbcrc as gi wjtcr ig tbc iirs' Tbaco`s sbiuo` surriug` tbc wco`agf pridcss ti pritcdt yiu rik tbc rjys' Tcc ti oiisc diggcdtaigs ig tbc kjdbagc' Dbcdm ir poufs tbjt jrc hrimcg' Jowjys stirc tbc fjs dyoag`cr ag jg uprafbt pisataig' Jowjys `asdiggcdt tbc wco`cr rik tbc cocdtradaty suppoy wbcg at as git ag

    ipcrjtaig'

    Jsscsskcgt :>

    :' Gjkc sax piagts tbjt yiu sbiuo` ihscrvc wbcg djragf ir j KAF)KJFwco`agf kjdbagc'

    @cptb kadrikctcr

    EugdtaigJ `cptb kadrikctcr as usc` ti kcjsurc tbc `cptb i j wirmpacdc jddurjtcoy' Atwirms ig tbc pragdapoc tbjt yiu put j kcjsuragf tiio ag jg ipcg digtjagcr/ papc irdyoag`cr ti kcjsurc tbc `cptb i tbc ihlcdts'Biw ti kcsurcjmc djrc git ti oa tbc kadrikctcr i tbc surjdc i tbc wirm ti hc kcjsurc`'Jgitbcr crrir wbadb diuo` iddur as ag tbc rcj`agf i j `cptb kadrikctcr/ js atssdjoc rcj`s ag tbc ippisatc `arcdtaig dikpjrc` ti itbcr kadrikctcrs'

    J `cptb kadrikctcr as cquappc` watb agtcrdbjgfcjhoc ri`s i prc+sct ocgftbs irkcjsuragf cxtrj `cptb' Vatb cjdb dbjgfc/ tbc kadrikctcr kust hc dbcdmc` irjddurjdy'

    Fug

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    Gizzoc

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    8 Kcdbjgadjo Pcdbgioify

    Eafurc 8':1< j `cptb kdrikctcr

    Ssc i tbc `cptb kadrikctcr

    Vbcg usagf tbc >83 kk ri`/ tbc kadrikctcr as oja` ig j jt surjdc jg` j zcrircj`agf as tjmcg' Eir ojrfcr ri`s/ fjufc hoidms jrc usujooy sct up'

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    jg` tbc sdjoc ig tbc tbakhoc as josi ippisatc ag `arcdtaig'

    Cxkpoc ie tbc rc`agf ig tbc kadrikctcr

    Takpoc doduotaigs

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    Pbkhoc

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    @cptb kdrikctcr< rc`wbt yiu i git scc

    : uoo turg ; >/3 kk8 uoo turgs ; : kk

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    Piios 8

    Cxkpocs

    Xc`ag< :4 - >/3 - >/:3 ; :4/53 Xc`ag < 83 - :5 - > - >/80 ; 0:/80Eafurc 8'8:< Cxkpocs i cptb kdrikctcr rc`gfs

    Drc i `cptb kadrikctcr Ttirc ag j docjg/ `ry pojdc' @i git oct tbc kadrikctcr `rip' Qiu waoo fct jg agdirrcdt rcj`agf' Docjg watb j rjf hcirc usc' Kjmc dcrtjag tbjt tbc cxtcgsaig ri`s jrc scdurc` pripcroy' \cri tbc kadrikctcr jcr yiu bjvc ttc` j gcw cxtcgsaig ri`'

    Jsscsskcgt ::

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    Xc`ag ; 3 kk - >/3 kk ; 3/3 kk

    Eafurc 8'83

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    8 Kcdbjgadjo Pcdbgioify

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    Dbjptcr 4

    KjtcrajosPipad 4

    Cgfagccragf

    kjtcrajos ag

    cgvarigkcgtjo

    digtcxt

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    Kjtcrajos

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    4 Kcdbjgadjo Pcdbgioify

    Agtri`udtaig

    Ag Frj`c :> jg` Frj`c ::/ kjtcrajos/ bcjt trcjtkcgt/ bcjt+trcjtkcgt pridcsscs jg`pripcrtacs i cgfagccragf kjtcrajos wcrc asdussc` ag ctjao' Ag Frj`c :8/ wc waoooiim jt wbjt rcjooy bjppcgs ti tbc kjtcrajo `uragf tbc bcjt+trcjtkcgt pridcss'

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    Kagagf djuscs scvcrc sdjrragf i scgsatavc cgvarigkcgts/ c'f' dijo kagagf/ tisuppoy Tiutb Jradjs piwcr stjtaigs/ js wcoo js jar jg` giasc piooutaig/ `ust/jg` digtjkagjtc` siao jg` wjtcr/ cspcdajooy friug`wjtcr' Igdc friug`wjtcras digtjkagjtc`/ at as jokist akpissahoc ti docjg "frcjt djusc i digdcrg ir tbc

    jrkcrs i tbc Mjrii jg` itbcr pjrts i Tiutb Jradj ag tbcar jttckpts ti scdurcTiutb Jradjs ii` scduraty' Tiutb Jradj rcdcgtoy hcdjkc j ii` akpirtcr ir tbcrst takc ag ats bastiry!'

    Ig tbc itbcr bjg`/ kagagf ir arig irc/ scka+prcdaius jg` prcdaius kctjos priva`cswirm ir jg cstakjtc` 5>> >>> Tiutb Jradjgs jg` pcipoc rik gcafbhiuragfstjtcs' Hcdjusc i tbc gjturc i tbcar wirm jg` oavagf dig`ataigs/ BAU)Ja`s jg`ougf `ascjscs jrc tbc kist akpirtjgt aoogcsscs jcdtagf kagcwirmcrs' Jdda`cgts agiug`racs/ jdtiracs/ kagcs jg` wirmpojdcs jrc j frcjt digdcrg ir trj`c ugaigs jg`tbc @cpjrtkcgt i Ojhiur'

    Pc @cpjrtkcgt i Cgvarigkcgtjo Jjars cg`cjviurs ti digtrio jar jg` wjtcr

    piooutaig/ foihjo wjrkagf jg` tbc rcocjsc i frccgbiusc fjscs sudb js DEDs/ djrhig`aixa`c/ wjtcr vjpiur jg` gatrius ixa`cs jg` kctbjgc'

    Kjgy kagagf jg` ag`ustrajo dikpjgacs bjvc hcdikc sidajooy jwjrc i tbc gcc` tircbjhaoatjtc ojg` sudb js kagc `ukps ti kagakasc `ust' Pcy bjvc pojgtc` trccsjg` frccgc` jrcjs ti `cdrcjsc djrhig `aixa`c ocvcos ag tbc jar' Pc pri`udtaig iskimcocss dimc josi bcops'

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    Jsscsskcgt :

    Pc purpisc i tbc drisswir` puzzoc hcoiw as ti bcop yiu ti rccdt ig Frj`c :>jg` Frj`c :: mgiwoc`fc wbadb yiu sbiuo` ug`crstjg` ag tbas gcw scdtaig iwirm' Pcrc jrc qucstaigs tbjt yiu waoo git hc jhoc ti jgswcr hut tbas bjs hccg`igc ig purpisc ti cgdiurjfc yiu ti rcj` jbcj` "prc+rcj`! tbas dbjptcr'

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    ::

    :8

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    4 Kcdbjgadjo Pcdbgioify

    Pcrkagioify ag rcojtaig ti tbc arig+dckcgtatccquaoahrauk `ajfrjk

    Djrhig digtcgt

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    jddir`agf ti tbc jkiugt i djrhig tbcy digtjag' Pc dojsscs jrc mgiwg js oiw+djrhig stcco/ kc`auk+djrhig stccojg` bafb+djrhig stcco' Ag furc 4': hcoiw/ sikc itbcar uscs jrc oastc`

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    Djrhig digtcgt ypadjo uscs Bcjt trcjtkcgt Tpcdajo pripcrtacs

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    Hiots/ sdrcws/ ravcts Jggcjoagf/ bjr`cgagf/

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    Drjgmsbjes/ tac ri`s/poacrs/ ipcg+cg`c`

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    Duttagf tiios/ spragfs/

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    Bjr cgagf/ tckpcragf Hrattoc/

    piir wco`jhaoaty

    Eafurc 4':< Dojsscs ie stcco

    Pckpcrjturc

    ckpcrjturc as tbc ocvco i bcjt cgcrfy ag j kjtcrajo js kcjsurc` hy j tbcrkikctcrir tbcrkistjt jg` rcdir`c` ig jgy i scvcrjo tckpcrjturc sdjocs/ c'f' Dcosaus/Ejbrcgbcat ir Mcovag' Pc rcczagf tckpcrjturc i wjtcr ig tbc Dcosaus sdjoc as> D jg` tbc hiaoagf tckpcrjturc as :>> D' Pc rcczagf tckpcrjturc i purc)docjg wjtcr ig tbc Mcovag sdjoc as 864 M jg` hiaoagf tckpcrjturc as 464 M jt girkjojtkispbcrad prcssurc'

    Justcgatc

    Pas as j sioa` sioutaig i arig jg` djrhig ir arig djrha`c' Pc drystjo irkjtaigas drcjtc` wbcg tbc djrhig assiovcs ag tbc stcco drystjos ti irk skjoocr drystjoshctwccg tbc bafbcr jg` oiwcr dratadjo piagts' At as j bafb+tckpcrjturc irk i stcco

    djooc` jdc+dcgtrc` duhad "EDD! strudturc` arig'

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    @a` yiu mgiw9

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    Pc iooiwagf piagts sbiuo` hc digsa`crc`> D' Pc bafbcr dratadjo tckpcrjturc udtujtcs ag jddir`jgdc watb tbc djrhig digtcgt

    i tbc stcco' Ttcco ir arig watb j djrhig digtcgt i >/26# bjs igoy igc dratadjo tckpcrjturc/

    a'c' 6>> D'

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    Vbcg djrhig stcco ag tbc uooy jggcjoc` stjtc as bcjtc`/ usujooy ti j tckpcrjturchctwccg 52> D jg` 68> D "`cpcg`agf ig tbc djrhig digtcgt!/ tbc jotcrgjtc hjg`sir ojycrs i crratc jg` dckcgtatc irk kjgy jotcrgjtagf ojycrs sa`c+hy+sa`c/ oamcojycrs i hrcj` jg` kcjt ag jg cg`ocss sjg`wadb' Pc ojycrs ag tbc stcco jrc si tbagtbjt tbcy jrc igoy vasahoc ug`cr j kadrisdipc' Pcy oiim oamc jotcrgjtagf sbccts iwbatc jg` hojdm pjpcr "vacwc` rik tbc c`fc!' Pc pcjroatc ojycrs hcfags ti kcrfcagti cjdb itbcr' Pc tckpcrjturc jt wbadb tbas iddurs as mgiwg js tbc oiwcr dratadjopiagt "JD

    :!'

    Pc kcrfagf pridcss digtagucs ugtao tbc pcjroatc as tbiriufboy `assiovc`/ irkagfwbjt as mgiwg js justcgatc' A tbc tckpcrjturc i tbc stcco digtagucs ti rasc/ tbcpcjroatc jg` jgy cxdcss crratc ir dckcgtatc waoo josi hcfag ti `assiovc agti justcgatc

    ugtao gjooy igoy justcgatc waoo hc prcscgt' Pc kcrfagf pridcss digtagucs ugtaotbcpcjroatc as dikpoctcoy `assiovc` ti irk justcgatc' A tbc tckpcrjturc i tbcstcco digtagucs ti rasc jg` tbcrc as "jpjrt rik tbc pcjroatc! jgy rckjagagfcrratc irdckcgtatc prcscgt/ at waoo josi `assiovc ugtao cvcgtujooy igoy justcgatc as prcscgt'

    Pc tckpcrjturc jt wbadb tbc cxdcss crratc ir dckcgtatc as dikpoctcoy `assiovc` agtijustcgatc as djooc` tbc uppcr dratadjo piagt "JD

    4!'

    A tbc stcco as giw su``cgoy diioc` hy pougfagf at agti j hjtb i dio` wjtcr ir iao/ jgcw strudturc as irkc` wbcg tbc justcgatc as trjgsirkc` agti kjrtcgsatc jg` tbaspriva`cs tbc stcco watb tbc pripcrty i bjr`gcss'

    @a` yiu mgiw9

    Dckcgtatc astbc saovcry spcdmoc agwbatc djst arig jecrat as rjdturc` "jg`as agtcgscoy bjr`!' Jkaxturc i j dcrtjag

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    Kjtcrajos 4

    Eafurc 4':>< Pbc arig+djrhig cquaoahrauk ajfrjk

    Ttcco dbjrjdtcrastad dbjgfcs jt dratadjo tckpcrjturcs "JD:/ JD8/ JD4!

    Pc dbjgfc tbjt tjmcs pojdc wbcg bcjtagf stcco as i frcjt akpirtjgdc wbcgcxpojagagf tbc rcjsigs ir tbc ccdt i tbc `acrcgt bcjt+trcjtkcgt pridcsscs ig tbckctjo' Pas jspcdt iecg djuscs digsa`crjhoc digusaig'

    A j stcco hjr digtjagagf/ sjy/ >/4# djrhig as frj`ujooy bcjtc` ag j urgjdc jg` tbctakc oakat i tbc bcjtagf pridcss as ihscrvc`/ at waoo hc gitc` tbjt tbc tckpcrjturcrascs ugairkoy jt rst' Vbcg/ biwcvcr/ tbc tckpcrjturc rcjdbcs 6>> D "j `uoo/ rc`bcjt! at waoo rckjag stjtaigjry ir j wbaoc jg` waoo tbcg rasc jt j soiwcr rjtc ugtaorcjdbagf 2>> D "j hrafbt rc` dioiur!' Bcrcjecr/ tbc tckpcrjturc waoo digtaguc ti

    rasc digstjgtoy a tbc bcjtagf djg hc kjagtjagc`/ js wjs agatajooy tbc djsc'

    Paserst jrrcst piagt"JD:! as djooc` j dratadjo piagt ir piagt i `cdjocsdcgdc'

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    4 Kcdbjgadjo Pcdbgioify

    Giw ihscrvc j pacdc i stcco bcjtc` ti 1>> D "j hrafbt rc``asb+ycooiw dioiur! jg`tbcg jooiwc` ti diio ag `ak oafbt si tbjt tbc dioiur djg hc ihscrvc` ccdtavcoy'

    Ig diioagf/ tbc stcco waoo oisc ats hraooajgdc rst' Pc diioagf waoo digtaguc girkjooyugtao tbc tckpcrjturc as rcjdbc` "JX

    :! wbadb kirc ir ocss diagda`cs watb tbc

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    Eafurc 4':: sbiws j frjpb rcprcscgtagf tbc stcps ir tbc `urjtaig i bcjtagf jg`diioagf i stcco jfjagst takc tjmcg' Vc kust rckckhcr tbjt tbc piagt jt wbadb tbasjrrcst ag tckpcrjturc `rip tjmcs pojdc as mgiwg js tbc rcdjocsdcgdc piagt"JX

    :! jg`

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    Eafurc 4'::< Pbc tckpcrjturc takc frjpb

    Ceecdt ie bcjtagf jg` diioagf ig tbc strudturc ie stcco

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    Cva`cgtoy/ jt tbas jrrcst ir dratadjo piagt"JD:! tbc bcjt wjs jhsirhc` watbiut

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    i tbc sjkpoc "stcco ir arig!' A bcjtagf as digtaguc`/ j scdig` jrrcst ir dratadjopiagt"JD8! iddurs hut tbc ccdt as git js gitadcjhoc js jt tbc JD

    :piagt' Jt bafbcr

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    "JD:!' Pc JD

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    strudturc as jt ats skjoocst jg` as djooc` justcgatc'

    Sgaeirk rip agtckpcrjturc

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    :!

    Pakc

    Sgaeirk `rip agtckpcrjturc

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    Bjot ag tckpcrjturc `rip"piagt ie rcdjocsdcgdc JX

    :!

    Pckpcrjt

    urcagD

    JD4

    JD:

    JX4

    JX:

    Sgaeirk rasc ag tckpcrjturc

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    Kjtcrajos 4

    A`cgtaeadjtaig ie kjtcrajo uscs watb cgbjgdc` pripcrtacs agprjdtadjo jppoadjtaigs

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    Purgagf cxcrdasc

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    Pcrkagioify 0

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    0 Kcdbjgadjo Pcdbgioify

    Kaooagf j mcywjy ir soit

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    Pcrkagioify 0

    Eafurc 0'2< Dcgtrjoasagf j duttcr ti dut j mcywjy ig j sbjt

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    0 Kcdbjgadjo Pcdbgioify

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    Pcrkagioify 0

    Ssagf j`vjgdc` agstrudtaigs ti kjmc jg jrtcejdt

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    0 Kcdbjgadjo Pcdbgioify

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    Dbjptcr 3

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    3 Kcdbjgadjo Pcdbgioify

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    Liagagf kctbi`s 3

    Kist KAF wco`agf kjdbagcs digsast i iur hjsad dikpigcgts< j sbaco`agf+fjs dyoag`cr jg` fjs iw kctcr)rcfuojtir j piwcr siurdc "trjgsirkcr)@D rcdtacr! j warc+cc` digtrioocr jg` cc` warc j fug jg` jddcssiracs'

    Kjgy KAF wco`crs dikhagc tbc trjgsirkcr jg` warc+cc` ugat ag tbc sjkc

    biusagf hut sikc jrc suppoac` js ag`cpcg`cgt ugats/ js sbiwg ag Eafurc 3'8'

    Eafurc 3'8< Dikpigcgts i j KAF wco`agf kjdbagc

    Fjs dyoag`cr jg` rcfuojtir)eoiw kctcr

    Pc dyoag`cr girkjooy digtjags :6 mf i agcrt sbaco`agf fjs' Pc agcrt fjs tbjt asusujooy usc` as j kaxturc i jrfig jg` djrhig `aixa`c "DI8!' SB^ "uotrj bafb

    puraty! jrfig as tii cxpcgsavc ti hc usc` ig ats iwg dikkcrdajooy/ si at as kaxc`watb DI

    8' Pc dyoag`cr kust hc ttc` watb j rcfuojtir ti rc`udc tbc dyoag`cr

    prcssurc js wcoo js j iw kctcr ti digtrio tbc iw rjtc i sbaco`agf fjs "ag oatrcs)kagutc!'

    ^iwcr siurdc

    Pc piwcr siurdc i kist KAF wco`agf kjdbagcs as jg jotcrgjtagf+durrcgt "JD!wco`agf trjgsirkcr wbadb bjs j hra`fc rcdtacr jttjdbc` ti at ag ir`cr ti digvcrttbc JD ti @D' J`lustagf mgihs j`lust tbc piwcr siurdc viotjfc'

    Eafurc 3'4

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    3 Kcdbjgadjo Pcdbgioify

    Varc+ecc` digtrioocr jg` ecc` warc

    Pc warc+cc` digtrioocr cc`s tbc digsukjhoc cocdtri`c warc ti tbc wco`agf fugjt j digstjgt prc`ctcrkagc` spcc`' Pc spcc` djg hc j`lustc` ti suat tbc wco`agfdig`ataigs' Girkjooy/ tbc bafbcr tbc viotjfc/ tbc jstcr tbc warc spcc` gcc`s ti hc'Bafbcr viotjfcs pri`udc kirc bcjt/ wbadb ag turg kcots tbc digsukjhoc warc jt jjstcr rjtc jg` jstcr cc` spcc`s jrc gcdcssjry'

    Varc rccos usujooy digtjag :3 mf i warc jg` jrc jvjaojhoc ag j ojrfc rjgfc itbadmgcsscs jg` jooiy typcs ir wco`agf `acrcgt kjtcrajos'

    Eafurc 3'0

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    Liagagf kctbi`s 3

    Eafurc 3'3< ^irisaty ag j ooct wco`

    Tojf agdousaig

    Tojf agdousaigs jrc gig+kctjooad sioa`s cgtrjppc` ag tbc wco` kctjo irhctwccg tbc wco` kctjo jg` tbc hjsc kctjo' Tojf agdousaigs jrc sioa` rcfaigs watbagtbc wco` driss+scdtaig ir jt tbc wco` surjdc wbcrc tbc igdc+kiotcg ux usc` tipritcdt tbc kiotcg kctjo as kcdbjgadjooy trjppc` watbag tbc sioa`ac` kctjo' Passioa`ac` sojf rcprcscgts j pirtaig i tbc wco`s driss+scdtaig wbcrc tbc kctjoas git usc` ti atsco' Pas djg rcsuot ag j wcjmcgc` dig`ataig wbadb rc`udcs tbcscrvadcjhaoaty i tbc dikpigcgt'

    Agdousaigs kjy josi jppcjr jt tbc wco` surjdc' Oamc agdikpoctc usaig/ sojf agdousaigsdjg iddur hctwccg tbc wco` jg` hjsc kctjo ir hctwccg ag`ava`ujo wco` pjsscs' Agjdt/ sojf agdousaigs jrc icg jssidajtc` watb agdikpoctc usaig' Tojf agdousaigs djg hcjvia`c` hy tbiriufboy dbappagf i tbc sojf rik prcvaius wco` rugs jg` hrusbagf tbcwco` hcj` watb j warc hrusb hcirc iagf jgy urtbcr wco`agf'

    Tojf agdousaig djg josi rcsuot rik agdirrcdt durrcgt scttagfs' i rckivc sojfagdousaig/ frag` iut tbc icg`agf pjrt i tbc wco` jg` rc+wco` tbc scdtaig'

    Eafurc 3'::< Tojf agdousaig ag j hutt wco`

    TojfPc ojycr ig tip j wco`/rcsuotagf rik tbckcotc` ux

    EusaigLiagagf

    ^irisaty

    Tojf agdousaig

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    Liagagf kctbi`s 3

    Vco` drjtcrs)ejuoty rcstjrts

    Vco` drjtcrs irk wbcrc wco`agf as rcsukc` jt tbc hittik i tbc prcvaius wco`agstcj` i jt tbc tip' Vbcg tbas bjppcgs/ git cgiufb wco` oocr kjtcrajo as j``c`ti tbc hcfaggagf i tbc gcw wco` rug jg` tbcrcirc j `cprcssaig ir drjtcr as irkc`hctwccg tbc twi wco` rugs' Jowjys rcstjrt j wco` rug jt tbc tip i tbc prcvaiuswco` rug'

    Eafurc 3':8< J wco` drjtcr ag j ooct wco`

    Agdikpoctc pcgctrjtaig

    Pas typc i `ccdt bjppcgs wbcg ti tbc irafagjo dcgtrc oagc' Vatb tbc kjrmc` oagcs ig tbciutsa`c/ hcg` tbc tcst pacdc watb j by`rjuoad prcss'

    Tjw duts

    Tuppirts

    Pcst pacdc

    Djutaig/5 kk warc >/2 kk warc

    >/2 8/3 :/5

    :/> 4 :/1

    :/8 4/5 8/8

    :/3 0/4 8/5

    8/> 3/5 4/3

    4/> 6/1 0/1

    0/> 1/2 5/:

    3/> :8/3 6/6

    Igdc yiu bjvc sct up/ bio` tbc KAF fug jt jg jgfoc i jpprixakjtcoy 8> ti tbcvcrtadjo/ :> kk jhivc tbc sbcct i sdrjp kjtcrajo ig wbadb yiu waoo hc wco`agf' Pcwarc sbiuo` tiudb tbc wco` kctjo'

    Ssc sa`c duttcrs ti dut cxdcsswarc i jt tbas piagt

    Djutaig'

    Eafurc 3'4>< J ooct liagt

    Pc iooiwagf sdirc sbcct djg hc usc` ir sco+jsscsskcgt/ pccr jsscsskcgt jg`jsscsskcgt hy yiur tcjdbcr'

    Gjkc Ttjrt rug 5 kk jt hjr jddir`agf ti tbc wco`agf sykhio jssbiwg ag Eafurc 3'48' ^rjdtasc j cw takcs hcirc yiu jttckpt tbc jsscsskcgt'

    Eafurc 3'48< J U+hcvco hutt wco`

    Pc iooiwagf sdirc sbcct djg hc usc` ir sco+jsscsskcgt/ pccr jsscsskcgt jg`jsscsskcgt hy yiur tcjdbcr'

    Gjkc!):

    Agtcrprctjtaigitjaoagi):

    Ttjrtru

    g0

    3 Kcdbjgadjo Pcdbgioify

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    Dbjptcr 5

    EirdcsPipad 5

    Digdcpts ie strcss/strjag jg` ki`uous

    ie cojstadaty

    J`vjgdc` tcsts ig

    vjraius kcdbjgadjo

    pragdapocs

    Djoduojtaig ie strcss/strjag jg` ki`uous ie

    cojstadaty

    Djoduojtagf

    kikcgts ag

    cgfagccragf

    dikpigcgts

    Eirdcs

    Djoduojtaig ie

    eirdcs ag

    cgfagccragf

    dikpigcgts

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    :>5

    5 Kcdbjgadjo Pcdbgioify

    Hjsad djoduojtaigs ie eirdcs eiug` ag cgfagccragfdikpigcgts

    Tystck ie eirdcs

    Ag Frj`c ::/ yiu ocjrgc` biw ti djoduojtc dikpigcgts "sudb js rcsuotjgt jg`

    cquaoahrjgt! ag j trajgfoc i irdcs' Ag Frj`c :8/ wc waoo usc cxjdtoy tbc sjkcpragdapocs ti djoduojtc rcsuotjgt jg` cquaoahrjgt irdcs ag j systck i irdcs watb gikirc tbjg iur irdcs'

    Djoduojtagf tbc rcsuotjgt ie j systck ie eirdcs

    i djoduojtc tbc rcsuotjgt i j systck i irdcs/ tbc irdcs ag tbc systck kust rst hcrcsiovc` agti tbcar ag`ava`ujo birazigtjo jg` vcrtadjo dikpigcgts'Biwcvcr/ rckckhcr ti usc tbc dirrcdt safg ti ag`adjtc j - ir pisataig igtbc Djrtcsajg pojag'

    Hjsad trafigikctry djg hc usc` ti g` tbc rcspcdtavc R jg` Q dikpigcgts jsiooiwsG

    2>G :8

    >G

    5> G

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    :>6

    Eirdcs 5

    Tioutaig G Q ; 5> sag > > G R ; 5> dis > 5> G

    :8> G Q ; :8> sag 03 +20/1 G R ; :8> dis 03 +20/1 G

    2> G Q ; 2> sag 1> 2> G R ; 2> dis 1> > G

    0> G Q ; 0> sag 5> 40/5 G R ; 0> dis 5> +8> G

    81/6 G +00/1 G

    Jratbkctad suk i dikpigcgts

    5 Kcdbjgadjo Pcdbgioify

    Cxjkpoc 8

    J hcjk as suhlcdtc` ti twi piagt oij`s jg` igc S@O jg` as suppirtc` jt cjdbcg` hy XO jg` XX'

    Eafurc 5'4< Cxjkpoc 8

    Djoduojtc G ; :> G

    8' Djoduojtagf hcg`agf kikcgts! ; :>/3 GkHk H< "3/83 0! ": 8! "5 :! ; :4 GkHk D< "3/83 5! ": 0! "5 4! "4 >! ; 1/3 Gk

    Jsscsskcgt 8

    J hcjk as suhlcdtc` ti twi piagt oij`s jg` igc S@O jg` as suppirtc` jt cjdbcg` hy XO jg` XX'

    Eafurc 5'3< J hcjk watb 8 piagt oij`s jg` igc S@O

    Djoduojtc/ strcss as djoduojtc` hy `ava`agf tbc oij` "G! hy tbcdriss+scdtaigjo jrcj ivcr wbadb at jdts "k8!' Ttrcss as kcjsurc` ag pjsdjos "^j!'

    Cxjkpoc 4Djoduojtc tbc strcss ag j 8> kk riug` hjr a at assuhlcdtc` ti j oij` i 43 mG'

    Ttcp : kk favcs jg jgswcr ag kk8'i digvcrt ti tbc dirrcdt ugats/ tbc `ajkctcr kust hc `ava`c` hy :>5 hcdjusc tbcrcjrc :>5 squjrc kaooakctrcs ag igc k8 ir :>5 kk8 ag : k8'

    Ttcp 0/3 k oigf djhoc wbadb coigfjtc` hy >/: kk ug`cr jdcrtjag oij`'Js watb strcss djoduojtaigs/ j cw sakpoc stcps sbiuo` hc iooiwc`'

    Ttcp :/: kk

    3>> kkTtrjag ; >/>>>8 ir 8 :>+0

    Pjmc gitc

    Ttrjag bjs gi

    ugats hcdjusc tbc kkugats djgdco cjdb itbcriut ag tbc cqujtaig'

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    ::3

    Eirdcs 5

    Jsscsskcgt 0

    :' Djoduojtc tbc strjag ag j stcco ri` wbadb bjs coigfjtc` hy >/3 kk ug`cr jtcgsaoc oij` a ats irafagjo ocgftb wjs 8 k'

    8' J hrjss husb as prcssc` agti j kjdbagc pjrt' Pc dikprcssavc irdc bjs

    sbirtcgc` tbc husb hy >/>: kk' Djoduojtc tbc strjag ag tbc husb a ats irafagjoocgftb wjs 3> kk'

    Djoduojtagf dikprcssavc)tcgsaoc strcss

    Dikprcssavc strcss iddurs ivcr tbc uoo ocgftb i j hjr wbadb as suhlcdtc` ti jdikprcssavc "pusbagf! irdc'Eafurc 5'5 sbiws tbc strcss jt scdtaig xx ag j hjr wbadb bjs hccg suhlcdtc` ti jdikprcssavc oij`'

    Eirdc Eirdc

    Eafurc 5'5< Dikprcssavc strcss ag j hjr

    cgsaoc strcss iddurs ivcr tbc uoo ocgftb i j hjr wbadb as suhlcdtc` ti j tcgsaoc"puooagf! irdc' Eafurc 5'6 sbiws tbc strcss jt scdtaig xx ag j hjr wbadb bjs hccg

    suhlcdtc` ti j tcgsaoc oij`'

    Eirdc Eirdc

    Eafurc 5'6

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    ::5

    5 Kcdbjgadjo Pcdbgioify

    Qiugfs ki`uous as djoduojtc` hy `ava`agf strcss hy strjag ir jgy favcg dikpigcgt'Pc ugats jrc josi kcjsurc` ag ^j/ js watb strcss' Pc kctbi` i djoduojtaig as/ jssbiwg cjroacr/ "tbc sjkc! js ir strcss jg` strjag/ watb tbc gjo suhstatutaig i tbcar

    vjoucs agti tbc iooiwagf irkuoj'

    Qiugfs ki`uous "C! ; TtrcssTtrjag

    Eafurc 5'2< J tcgsaoc tcstcr

    Cxjkpoc 3

    Djoduojtagf Qiugfs ki`uous

    J 4> kk riug` hjr ocgftbcgs hy >/8 kk ag j tcgsaoc tcst ug`cr j oij` i43 mG' Djoduojtc Qiugfs ki`uous ir tbc hjr a ats irafagjo ocgftb wjs 5> kk'

    Ttcp :8

    0

    Ttcp 44

    4>8

    0 :>5

    Ttrcss ; 43 :>4 0 :>5

    4>8

    Ttrcss ; :0> :>1

    1>>

    Ttrcss ; 01 3:0 26:/:2 ^j

    Ttcp 3/8 kk5> kk

    Ttrjag ; >/>>44

    Djoduojtc Qiugfs ki`uous5

    >/>>44

    C ; :0 230 05: 433/80 ^j

    C ; :0/23 :>1

    C ; :0/23 F^j

    Jsscsskcgt 3

    :' J 48 kk riug` hjr ocgftbcgs hy >/3 kk ag j tcgsaoc tcst ug`cr j oij` i:>> mG' Djoduojtc Qiugfs ki`uous ir tbc hjr a ats irafagjo ocgftb wjs:8> kk'

    8' J :> kk stcco djhoc strctdbcs hy >/5 kk ug`cr j oij` i 35 mG'Djoduojtc Qiugfs ki`uous ir tbc djhoc a ats irafagjo ocgftb wjs 8> k'

    Djoduojtagf dbjgfc ag ocgftb "o!

    Dbjgfc ag ocgftb as sakpoy djoduojtc` hy kjgapuojtagf tbc strjag djoduojtaigirkuoj js ag tbc iooiwagf cxjkpoc/>>03'Djoduojtc hy biw kudb at wjs sbirtcgc` a ats irafagjo ocgftb wjs 3> kk'

    Ttcp :/>>03o ; 9O ; 3> kk

    Ttcp 4> f/ agdrcjsagf tbc kjss ag :>> f

    agdrckcgts' ^oit j frjpb i `ccdtaig "x+jxas! vcrsus oij` "y+jxas! ti privc tbc rcocvjgt

    tbciracs'

    Pcstagf sbcjr eirdcs

    Tbcjr irdc tcstagf as usc` ti cstjhoasb tbc strcgftb i j kjtcrajo ir hig`agf kjtcrajowbadb as suhlcdtc` ti sbcjr irdcs "soa`agf irdcs!'

    J tcst `cvadc/ js sbiwg ag tbc akjfc/ as dikkigoy usc` ti `ctcrkagc tbc sbcjrstrcgftb' wi sma`s jrc prcssc` tifctbcr' Pc tip tiio priva`cs tbc jppoac` irdc igtbc tcst kc`auk tbjt as sudacgt ti sbcjr tbc spcdakcg' Pc hittik tiio bio`s tbcspcdakcg jg` as kiugtc` ig j kivjhoc sma` ti cgsurc tbjt igoy sbcjr irdcs jecdttbc spcdakcg'

    Pc tcst raf kcjsurcs tbc irdcs wbadb djusc` tbc spcdakcg ti sbcjr js wcoo js

    tbc sbcjr strcsscs `uragf tcstagf jg` tbc uotakjtc "ir hrcjmagf strcss! wbcg tbcspcdakcg jaos'

    Eafurc 5'::< J sbcjr tcstcr

    Pcstagf strcss)strjag jg` cojstadaty

    Mgiwagf Qiugfs ki`uous i cojstadaty ir jgy favcg dikpigcgt as vcry akpirtjgt

    hcdjusc at ag`adjtcs wbctbcr tbc kjtcrajo djg sjcoy hcjr up ug`cr tbc jppoac` oij`'Ujoucs ir Qiugfs ki`uous i cojstadaty ir vjraius kctjos bjvc hccg `ctcrkagc`cxpcrakcgtjooy hy usagf tcgsaoc tcstcrs wbadb djg kcjsurc hitb strcss jg` strjagag stjg`jr` sjkpocs' Dikpjragf tbc djoduojtc` vjoucs i j pjrtaduojr dikpigcgtti tbcsc cxpcrakcgtjo vjoucs waoo favc j fii` ag`adjtaig i tbc strcgftb i tbcpjrtaduojr dikpigcgt'

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    Eirdcs 5

    Eafurc 5':8< J tcgsaoc tcstcr

    Dbjrtagf vjoucs ir strcss vs' strjag ir kist cgfagccragf kjtcrajos sbiuo` yaco` j

    vcry sakaojr frjpb ti tbc strcss)strjag `ajfrjk ag Eafurc 5'1'

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    :88

    5 Kcdbjgadjo Pcdbgioify

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    Dbjptcr 6

    KjagtcgjgdcPipad 6

    Kjagtcgjgdc

    A`cgtadjtaigi tbc kist suatjhoc

    prcvcgtjtavckjagtcgjgdc ag

    ipcrjtagfsystcks

    Pbc ccdt i ojdmi kjagtcgjgdc igipcrjtagf systcks

    Xcpojdckcgt ihcot jg` dbjag

    `ravcs jg`

    doutdbcs

    Hcot+/ dbjag`ravcs

    jg` doutdbcs

    Frj`agf i iao

    jddir`agf ti vasdisaty"TJC Ttjg`jr`s!

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    :80

    6 Kcdbjgadjo Pcdbgioify

    Agtri`udtaig

    Ag Frj`cs :> jg` ::/ wc ocjrgc` jhiut tbc hjsad digdcpts i radtaig/ wcjr jg`ouhradjtaig' Vc josi oiimc` jt tbc hjsad pragdapocs i kjagtcgjgdc' Ag Frj`c :8/ wcwaoo cxpoirc pripcrtacs i ouhradjgts jg` ocjrg jhiut tbc kjagtcgjgdc i `ravcs jg`doutdbcs'

    Pbc ceecdt ie ojdm ie kjagtcgjgdc ig ipcrjtagfsystcks

    Pc prakjry ccdt i ojdm i kjagtcgjgdc ig ipcrjtagf systcks as uotakjtcoy tbcjaourc i pjrtaduojr pjrts ir tbc systck js j wbioc' Js yiu ocjrgc` ag Frj`c :>/kjagtcgjgdc kjy hc< prcvcgtavc prc`adtavc rcoajhaoaty+dcgtrc`'

    Ejaourc ti dig`udt riutagc kjagtcgjgdc "rcfjr`ocss i wbadb kjagtcgjgdc

    kctbi`ioify as usc`! djg bjvc vcry scraius ir cvcg djtjstripbad digscqucgdcs' Pckist akpirtjgt ccdts jrc< rasm i aglury ir `cjtb "c'f' jaoc` hrjmcs! gjgdajo oiss `uc ti `jkjfc sucrc` js j rcsuot i pjrt jaourc oiss i vjoujhoc pri`udtaig takc'

    A`cgtaeadjtaig ie tbc kist suatjhoc prcvcgtavckjagtcgjgdc ag ipcrjtagf systcks

    ^rcvcgtavc kjagtcgjgdc as `cgc` js< Djrc jg` scrvadagf hy pcrsiggco ir tbc purpisc i kjagtjagagf cquapkcgt

    jg` jdaoatacs ag j sjtasjdtiry ipcrjtagf dig`ataig hy priva`agf ir systckjtadagspcdtaig/ `ctcdtaig jg` dirrcdtaig i ckcrfagf jaourcs/ catbcr hcirc tbcyiddur ir hcirc tbcy `cvcoip agti kjlir `ccdts'

    Kjagtcgjgdc/ agdou`agf tcsts/ kcjsurckcgts/ j`lustkcgts jg` pjrtsrcpojdckcgt/ pcrirkc` spcdadjooy ti prcvcgt juots rik iddurragf'

    ^rcvcgtavc kjagtcgjgdc djg hc `csdrahc` js kjagtcgjgdc i cquapkcgt ir systckshcirc j juot iddurs' At djg hc `ava`c` agti twi suhfriups> "hcst iao! hut hcttcr iaos bjvc rcdcgtoy hccg pri`udc`/ocj`agf ti UAs wbadb jrc frcjtcr tbjg :>>' UA+akprivckcgt j``atavcs jg` bafbcrqujoaty hjsc iaos jrc wa`coy usc` giwj`jys' Pc UAs i sygtbctad ua`s rjgfc rik2> ti kirc tbjg 0>>'

    Jg iaos UA sbiuo` hc bafb cgiufb ti mccp tbc vasdisaty watbag pcrkattc` oakats jtjgy tckpcrjturc' Pc UA as josi jg ag`adjtir i tbc qujoaty i tbc hjsc iaos usc` agj fcjr+iao irkuojtaig' Eir kuotafrj`c/ jutikitavc fcjr iaos sudb js tbc TJC 63V+1>/ at as akpirtjgt ti usc j bafboy sbcjr+stjhoc/ UA+akprivckcgt j``atavc ag tbcirkuojtaig ti cgsurc tbjt iao vasdisaty as kjagtjagc` ug`cr dig`ataigs i vcry bafb

    sbcjr/ pjrtaduojroy js rcquarc` hy Ljpjgcsc trjgskassaig kjgujdturcrs'

    ^iur piagt

    ^iur piagt as tbc oiwcst tckpcrjturc jt wbadb j oaqua` rckjags piurjhoc "kcjgagfat staoo hcbjvcs oamc j ua`!' Pc piur piagt as/ tbcrcirc/ jg ag`cx i tbc oiwcsttckpcrjturc i ats utaoaty ir j favcg jppoadjtaig' A tbc piur piagt i tbc iao asbafbcr tbjg tbc jkhacgt tckpcrjturc ag wbadb tbc fcjrs jrc ipcrjtagf/ tbcg tbcywaoo rug tbc rasm i `ry ipcrjtaig `uragf tbc takc akkc`ajtcoy jcr stjrt+up'Pc fcjrs waoo dut dbjggcos ag tbc ouhradjgt "djooc` dbjggcooagf! jg` rug vartujooyugouhradjtc` ugtao radtaigjo bcjt bjs djusc` tbc iao ti iw kirc rcj`aoy' Ihvaiusoy/

    scvcrc `jkjfc djg hc `igc ti tbc fcjr tcctb `uragf tbas pcrai`'

    Eojsb+piagt

    Eojsb+piagt as jg akpirtjgt pripcrty i kitir iao jg` as `cgc` js tbc oiwcsttckpcrjturc jt wbadb tbc iao favcs i vjpiurs wbadb djg afgatc' At as `jgfcrius irtbc iao ag j kitir cgfagc ti afgatc jg` hurg/ si j bafb jsb+piagt as `csarjhoc' Jtj pctriocuk rcgcry/ rjdtaigjo `astaoojtaig scpjrjtcs j kitir+iao rjdtaig rikitbcr dru`c+iao rjdtaigs/ rckivagf tbc kirc viojtaoc dikpigcgts jg`/ tbcrcirc/agdrcjsagf tbc iaos jsb+piagt "rc`udagf ats tcg`cgdy ti hurg!'

    Jsscsskcgt 8

    :' Vbjt as tbc acrcgdc hctwccg vasdisaty jg` tbc vasdisaty ag`cx98' @cgc tbc piur piagt i j ouhradjgt'4' Vby as at akpirtjgt ir cgfagc iao ti bjvc j bafb jsb+piagt9

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    Kjagtcgjgdc 6

    Frj`agf ie iao jddir`agf ti vasdisaty "TJC stjg`jr`s!

    Prjgskassaig iao

    Pcrc twi kjag typcs i trjgskassaigs ag kitir vcbadocs/ gjkcoy kjgujo jg`jutikjtad trjgskassaig' Cjdb uscs `acrcgt typcs i iaos ir vjraius rcjsigs' i

    ug`crstjg` trjgskassaig iaos hcttcr/ yiu gcc` ti mgiw kirc jhiut trjgskassaigs irfcjrhixcs'

    Kjgujo trjgskassaig iaos

    Pc rst jppoadjtaig ag wbadb tbcsc iaos jrc usc` as ag kjgujo trjgskassaigs "icgdjooc` fcjrhixcs!' J fcjrhix as jg jrrjgfckcgt i fcjrs/ hcjragfs jg` sbjs ag jgcgdoisc` biusagf wbadb jooiws tbc `ravcr ti j`lust tbc spcc` jg` tirquc i tbcvcbadoc'

    Haffcr fcjrs ritjtc kirc soiwoy hut djrry frcjtcr turgagf cirt' Hy kjgujooydigtriooagf tbc vjraius dikhagjtaigs i ojrfcr jg` skjoocr fcjrs watb tbcfcjr ocvcr/ j `ravcr djg prifrcssavcoy sba rik oiw fcjr "oiw spcc`/ bafbtirquc! ti tip fcjr "bafb spcc`/ oiw tirquc!'

    Eafurc 6':< J kjgujo trjgskassaig

    Pc typcs i fcjrs usujooy iug` ag kjgujo trjgskassaig jrc spur ir bcoadjo/

    wbadb kcjgs tbjt tbc ouhradjtaig dig`ataigs jrc git tii scvcrc' Tikc kjgujotrjgskassaigs jrc ttc` watb ycooiw kctjo husbagfs wbadb jrc vuogcrjhoc tidirrisavc jttjdm hy tbc suopbur dikpigcgts i bafb C^ fcjr+iao irkuojtaigs'

    Jutikitavc fcjr+ouhradjgt dojssaeadjtaigs

    Jutikitavc fcjr+iao dojssadjtaigs priva`c j digvcgacgt wjy i dikpjragf tbcpcrirkjgdc i vjraius fcjr iaos' Pc Jkcradjg ^ctriocuk Agstatutc "J^A! asrcfjr`c` js tbc wiro`s jutbiraty ig iao dojssadjtaig'

    PirqucJ kcjsurc i tbcturgagf cirt itbc fcjrs wbadb asgcdcssjry ir doakhagfbaoos ir stjrtagf rikrcst

    Fcjr ocvcr

    Tpoagc` agput sbjet

    Ojysbjet

    Tcocdtir eir fcjr dbjgfcs

    C^ fcjr+iao

    Cxtrckc prcssurc fcjriao

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    6 Kcdbjgadjo Pcdbgioify

    Pc J^A uscs tbc iooiwagf csafgjtaigs ti a`cgtay tbc oij`+djrryagfdjpjhaoatacs i jutikitavc kjgujo trjgskassaig jg` jxoc ouhradjgts< Earstoy/ tbcrc as J^A FO+5/ wbadb as git agdou`c` bcrc js at as ihsioctc "gi oigfcr

    usc`! jg` git rccrrc` ti jgykirc' J^A FO+3 divcrs bafb C^ ouhradjgts/ pjrtaduojroy ir bypia` fcjrs ag jxocs

    ipcrjtagf ug`cr bafb spcc`/ bafb oij` dig`ataigs' J^A FO+0 divcrs kao`cr C^ ouhradjgts ir sparjo hcvco "jg` sikc bypia`! fcjrs

    ag jxocs ipcrjtagf ug`cr ki`crjtc spcc`s jg` oij`s' Pcsc iaos kjy hc usc` agscocdtc` kjgujo trjgskassaig jg` trjgs+jxoc jppoadjtaigs'

    J^A FO+4 divcrs scrvadc ir kjgujo trjgskassaigs jg` sparjo hcvco jxocsipcrjtagf ug`cr kao` ti ki`crjtc spcc`s jg` oij`s'

    J^A FO+8 divcrs scrvadc ir jutikitavc+typc wirk+fcjr jxocs' J^A FO+: divcrs scrvadc ir kjgujo trjgskassaigs ipcrjtagf ug`cr sudb kao`

    dig`ataigs tbjt strjafbt kagcrjo iao waoo suedc' J^A K+: as tbc igoy durrcgt kckhcr i j gcw dojssadjtaig scracs spcdadjooy

    ir kjgujo trjgskassaigs/ bcgdc tbc octtcrs K' Pas dojssadjtaig `csafgjtcsouhradjgts agtcg`c` ir gig+sygdbrigasc` kjgujo trjgskassaigs usc` aghuscs jg` bcjvy+`uty trudms' J^A K+: priva`cs pritcdtaig jfjagst tbcrkjo

    `cfrj`jtaig/ dikpigcgt wcjr jg` iao+scjo `ctcrairjtaig wbadb as git priva`c`hy ouhradjgts kcctagf igoy tbc rcquarckcgts i J^A FO+0 ir FO+3'

    Pc J^A FO spcdadjtaigs jrc `csdrahc` ag tbc pri`udt fua`cs i joo iaokjgujdturcrs'

    Pc iooiwagf tjhoc as j fcgcrjoasjtaig i tbc vasdisaty pripcrtacs wbadb jrc rcquarc`ag fcjrhix iao jt j rjgfc i `acrcgt tckpcrjturcs "iutsa`c tckpcrjturcs!' Biwcvcr/tbc kjgujdturcrs spcdadjtaigs sbiuo` jowjys hc ihscrvc` wbcg tippagf up irrcpojdagf fcjrhix iao'

    Fcjrhix iaoTJC

    vasdisaty

    Pckpcrjturc

    +81 D :6/2 D +5/6 D 0/0 D :3/5 D 85/6 D 46/2 D

    63V

    2>V

    2>V+1>

    23V

    1>

    :0>

    Eafurc 6'8< Uasdisaty i fcjrhix iao ir acrcgt tckpcrjturc rjgfcs

    Jutikitavc sygdbrikcsb trjgskassaigs

    Tygdbrikcsb trjgskassaigs jrc iug` ag kist ki`crg kjgujo fcjrhixcs jg` jrcusc` ti cjsc tbc fcjr+dbjgfagf pridcss' Igdc j vcbadoc as ag kitaig/ at as ihvaiustbjt ir igc fcjr ti kcsb watb jgitbcr quactoy jg` watbiut `jkjfc/ hitb fcjrskust hc ritjtagf jt gcjroy tbc sjkc spcc` wbcg tbcy dikc tifctbcr' Tygdbrikcsbtrjgskassaigs usc tbc radtaig hctwccg tbc kjtagf digadjo surjdcs i tbc dioojrjg` tbc rcc+ruggagf fcjr wbcco ti soiw `iwg ir spcc` up tbc wbcco' Pc digcs igtbc fcjr wbcco jg` dioojr/ wbadb jrc kj`c i ycooiw+kctjo jooiy ir sagtcrc`+stcco

    jooiys/ jrc tbc kist dratadjo cockcgts i tbc sygdbrigascr `csafg/ rik j ouhradjtaig

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    Kjagtcgjgdc 6

    pcrspcdtavc' Pc bafb tckpcrjturcs fcgcrjtc` hy tbc soa`agf digtjdt djg djuscfojzagf i tbc surjdcs watb bafb C^ j``atavc irkuojtaigs/ rcsuotagf ag `aeduotywatb fcjr dbjgfcs' Eir tbas rcjsig/ kao` C^ pri`udts jrc rcdikkcg`c` irsygdbrikcsb trjgskassaigs'

    Jutikjtad trjgskassaig iaos

    JEs "jutikjtad trjgskassaig ua`s! jrc prihjhoy tbc kist dikpocx jg`sipbastadjtc` i joo ouhradjtagf iaos' ypadjooy/ tbcy djg digtjag ivcr ccg j``atavcs'Pcsc j``atavcs kust hc `coadjtcoy hjojgdc` ag j djrcuooy dbiscg hjsc iao' Pcykust hc djpjhoc i ugdtaigagf ag j wa`c vjracty i trjgskassaigs jg` vcbadocdikhagjtaigs/ js wcoo js hcagf dikpjtahoc watb tbc rjgfc i kjtcrajos prcscgt ag tbctrjgskassaig/ agdou`agf joukagauk/ stcco/ dippcr/ hrigzc/ hrjss/ tag/ saovcr/ pojstads/pjpcr jg` ruhhcr'

    JEs kust josi hc kuotaugdtaigjo jg` hc jhoc ti pcrirk ugdtaigs sudb js< trjgskattagf piwcr ag tbc tirquc digvcrtcr jdtagf js by`rjuoad ua` trjgskattagf cgcrfy "by`ristjtad! ag ir`cr ti kivc

    vjraius dikpigcgts sudb js tbc scrvi dyoag`cr "wbadb djg tbcg oidm ir ugoidmvjraius fcjrs agti pojdc!

    jdtagf js j bcjt+trjgscr kc`auk trjgscr bcjt rik watbag tbc trjgskassaigti tbc iutsa`c jg` si jssast ag diioagf at `iwg itbcrwasc tckpcrjturcs ag sikcjrcjs wiuo` quadmoy rcjdb 5>> D-

    jdtagf js j ouhradjgt ir fcjrs jg` hcjragfs'

    Eafurc 6'4< J dutjwjy ki`co i jg jutikjtad trjgskassaig jg` tirquc digvcrtcr

    Pc vasdisaty i tbc iao gcc`s ti hc suedacgtoy bafb ivcr j wa`c rjgfc itckpcrjturcs ag ir`cr ti priva`c tbc `csarc` by`ri`ygjkad ok' Qct at sbiuo` githc bafb cgiufb ti agtcrcrc watb tbc iw i iao/ djusc vasdius oisscs jg` ivcrbcjtagfir jcdt sba takcs' At sbiuo` josi hc jhoc ti iw rcj`aoy jt oiw tckpcrjturcs agir`cr ti rcjdb dikpigcgts quadmoy jt stjrt+up/ jooiw cjsy dio` stjrts jg` jvia` iaopukp djvatjtaig'

    ^ojgctjry fcjrs

    Doutdb jssckhoacs

    Pirquc digvcrtcr

    DjvatjtaigPc fcgcrjo tcrkusc` ti `csdrahc tbchcbjvaiur i spbcradjovia`s ag ua`

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    6 Kcdbjgadjo Pcdbgioify

    Cgfagc iao

    Cgfagc iaos djg hc dojssac` jddir`agf ti tbc typc i cgfagc ag wbadb tbcy waoohc usc`' Pcrc jrc scvcrjo `acrcgt typcs/ sudb js iur+strimc pctrio cgfagcs/twi+strimc pctrio cgfagcs jg` DA ir acsco cgfagcs' Cjdb typc i cgfagc bjs vcryspcdad rcquarckcgts ir ats ouhradjtagf iao' Ag tbas dbjptcr/ wc waoo oiim igoy jt tbcouhradjtaig i tbc iur+strimc pctrio cgfagc'

    ^jsscgfcr djr kitir iao "^DKI! as prihjhoy tbc hcst mgiwg typc i iao/ yct ^DKIsjrc oattoc ug`crstii` hy tbcar cvcry`jy uscrs' J ^DKI kust pcrirk kjgyugdtaigs/ kist i tbck joafgc` watb tbc hjsad ug`jkcgtjos i ouhradjtaig tbcirywbadb yiu ocjrgt jhiut ag Frj`c :>'

    J ^DKI sbiuo` `i tbc iooiwagf< Tcpjrjtc kivagf dikpigcgts hy irkagf j ok i ouhradjgt hctwccg tbck' Pas

    rc`udcs radtaig jg` wcjr' Docjg `cpisats jg` sou`fcs rik cgfagc surjdcs jg` prcvcgt tbc irkjtaig i

    vjrgasb ir ojdqucragf ig tbc pastig'

    Tuspcg` digtjkagjgts sudb js siit/ `art/ wirg kctjo pjrtadocs jg` jda`ad hy+pri`udts i dikhustaig ugtao tbc iao as `rjagc` jg` tbcsc digtjkagjgts djg hcrckivc` watb tbc usc` cgfagc iao' Ag tbc djsc i suspcg`agf digtjkagjgts/ atbio`s tbck js kadrisdipad pjrtadocs/ prcvcgtagf tbck rik hoidmagf otcrs'

    Kagakasc wcjr ag jrcjs i tbc cgfagc wbcrc oij`s jrc bafb ir spcc`s jrc oiw/wbcrc tbc by`ri`ygjkad ouhradjtaig ok as hrimcg jg` hiug`jry ouhradjtaig/ irsikc kctjo+ti+kctjo digtjdt/ djg iddur'

    Xcsast ixa`jtaig/ tbjt as tckpcrjturc+ag`udc` tbadmcgagf' Jg cgfagc iao ascxpisc` ti cxtrckc tckpcrjturcs' Huom drjgmdjsc tckpcrjturc i jg cgfagc iaowaoo hc sikcwbcrc jriug` :>> D' Pc tckpcrjturc i jg cgfagc iao iwagftbriufb tbc kjag jg` haf+cg` hcjragfs waoo hc jriug` :3> D jg` tbc iao wbadbirks tbc ouhradjtagf ojycr scpjrjtagf tbc dyoag`cr jg` tbc pastig ragfs waoocxpcracgdc tckpcrjturcs jriug` 4>> D ir bafbcr hcirc hcagf sdrjpc` hjdm`iwg agti tbc drjgmdjsc'

    Diio pjrts i tbc cgfagc/ cspcdajooy hcjragfs jg` tbc ug`crsa`c i tbc pastig' At astbcrcirc cxpisc` ti j``ataigjo tbcrkjo strcsscs wbadb pojdc urtbcr ckjg`s igats jhaoaty ti rcsast ixa`jtaig'

    Eoiw jt oiw tckpcrjturcs' Ag itbcr wir`s/ at kust darduojtc akkc`ajtcoy ig stjrt+up ti irk j ouhradjtagf ok tbriufbiut tbc cgfagc/ wbjtcvcr tbc tckpcrjturc'

    Pag iut js oattoc js pissahoc watb agdrcjsagf tckpcrjturc si tbjt at irks jouhradjtagf ok ug`cr cxtrckc tckpcrjturcs'

    Pc cgfagc iaos vasdisaty `ctcrkagcs biw tbadm tbc iao ok scpjrjtagf cgfagc

    dikpigcgts waoo hc' Pcrc jrc j gukhcr i `acrcgt vasdisaty dig`ataigs wbadb iaowaoo cxpcracgdc watbag jg cgfagc' Pc TJC bjs `rjwg up j stjg`jr` dojssayagf tbcvasdisaty frj`cs ir cgfagc iaos' Pc T