MEDICAL TERMINOLOGYLECTURE 5

M.A.KUBTAN MD - FRCS

Syrian Private UniversityFaculty of Medicine

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Building Medical Terms

Word RootPrefix

Suffix

Combining formsM.A.Kubtan

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Forming Medical TermsMedical Term

PrefixWord root

Suffix

Combining forms

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Forming Medical Terms Part 2Medical terms are formed from two or more word parts.

Word root

•The main part of a word which contains the basic meaning.

Prefix

•Word parts attached to the beginning of a word that modifies the meaning.

Suffix

•Word parts attached to the end of a word that modifies the meaning.

Combining forms•The word root and a combining vowel that enable two parts to be connected.

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Word Roots and Combining Forms [BLAST(O)]Combining Forms Meaning

blasto

carcin(o)

chrondro

cry(o)

crypt(o)

cyan(o)

immature cells

cancer

cartilage

cold

hidden

blue

M.A.Kubtan

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Word Roots and Combining Forms [CYT(O)]

Combining Forms Meaning

cyt(o)

dextr(o)

dors(o)

erythr(o)

cell

right

back

red

M.A.Kubtan

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Word Roots and Combining Forms [GALACT(O)]Combining Forms Meaning

galact(o)

gluco

glyco

gyn(o)

home(o)

milk

glucose

sugars

women

same

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Word Roots and Combining Forms [KINESI(O)Combining Forms Meaning

lact(o)

leuk(o)

lith(o)

narco

necro

milk

white

stone

sleep; numbness

death; dying

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Word Roots and Combining Forms [NOCT(O)]Combining Forms Meaning

noct(i)

oncho

path(o)

phago

phon(o)

pseud(o)

pyo

night

tumor

disease

eating

sound; voice

false

pusM.A.Kubtan

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Word Roots and Combining Forms [PYRO]Combining Forms Meaning

salping(o)

schiz(o)

scler(o)

scolio

somato

spiro

tube

split; division

hardening

crooked; bent

body

breath; breathe

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•Prefixes are attached to the beginning of words.

•Modifies the meaning of the word or word root.

•Indicates size, quantity, position of, and location.

Prefixes

PrefixWord Root

Suffix

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Prefixes (brachy–hypo)Prefix Meaning

brachy

brady

contra

dys

hemi

hyper

hypo

short

slow

against

abnormal; difficult

half

above normal

below normalM.A.Kubtan

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Prefixes (pro–un)Prefix Meaning

pro

re

retro

semi

supra

tachy

before; forward

again; backward

behind; backward

half

above; over

fast

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Suffixes

•Attaches to the end of the word and carries the underlying meaning of the word.

•Suffixes can also be combining forms.

PrefixWord Root

Suffix

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Suffixes (ad–crine)Suffix Meaning

-algia

-asthenia

-blast

-cidal

-clast

-crine

pain

breaking

weakness

immature; forming

destroying; killing

secretingM.A.Kubtan

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Suffixes (emesis–graphy)Suffix Meaning-emesis

-emia

-esthesia

-globin

-gram

-graph

-graphy

vomiting

blood

sensation

protein

a recording

recording instrument

process of recordingM.A.Kubtan

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Suffixes (ic–malacia)Suffix Meaning-ic

-ism

-itis

-logist

-lysis

-malacia

pertaining to

condition; disease

inflammation

one who practices

destruction of

softening

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Suffixes (penia-phrenia)Suffix Meaning

-penia

-pepsia

-pexy

-phage

-phobia

-phonia

-phrenia

deficiency

digestion

fixation

eating; devouring

fear

sound

of the mindM.A.Kubtan

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Suffixes (rrhexis-tropia)Suffix Meaning

-spasm

-stasis

-stenosis

-tomy

contraction

stopping; constant

narrowing

cutting operation

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Apply Your KnowledgeUsing various word parts, build terms for the following meanings.

Meaning Term

•Absence of blood

•Bluish color of hands and feet

•Equal vision in both eyes.

•Fast heart.

•Breakdown of sugar.

anemia

cyanosis

isopia

tachycardia

glycolysis

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Apply Your Knowledge Part 2Using various word parts, build terms for the following meanings.

Meaning Term

•Lack of white blood cells.

•Softening of bone.

•Inflammation of a vein.

•Nerve pain.

•Science of skin and its diseases.

leukopenia

osteomalacia

phlebitis

neuralgia

dermatology

M.A.Kubtan