Medieval EuropePrelude to the Modern Era

Ancient World5000 B.C. – 500 A. D.

Medieval World

500 A.D. – 1500 A. D.

Modern World1500 A.D. – Present

Feudal Society

The Middle Ages

Outside invasions Fragmentation of Europe

Collapse of the Roman Empire

Lord

Vassal

Peasants and Serfs

Feudal Society

NATION = STATE = COUNTRY

What leads to the breakdown

of feudal society and Christendom?

The Black Death The Hundred Year’s War Crisis in The Church

Disasters of the 14th century

1301-1400 = 14th century 1401-1500 = 15th century 1501-1600 =16th century 1601-1700 = 17th century 1701-1800 = 18th century 1801-1900 = 19th century 1901-2000 = 20th century 2001-2100 = 21st century

Know how to read centuries!!!

“…pestilential disease…The prominent signs of this disease, signs indicating early death, were tumorous outgrowths at the root of thighs and arms and simultaneously bleeding ulcerations.”

–Nicephorus Gregoras

The Black Death

The Black Death Causes

Traveled via rats/fleas from the east to trading ports in Italy

European population susceptible to disease as a result of famine and poverty

Reactions & Effects Flagellants Pogroms against Jews

The Black Death

The Black Death Reactions & Effects

Flagellants Pogroms Attitudes toward life

The Black Death Reactions & Effects

Flagellants Pogroms Attitudes toward life New opportunities for survivors

Labor shortages=higher wages and more rights for peasants

1337-1453 Causes

Dispute over land holdings and claim to the throne between English and French king

The Hundred Year’s War

The Hundred Year’s War 1337-1453 Causes

Dispute over land holdings and claim to the throne between English and French king

Results England loses holdings Stimulates national sentiment

Babylonian Captivity Conflict between Philip

IV and Pope Boniface VIII 1305 Clement V in

Avignon The Great Schism

1377 Gregory XI returns to Rome

Election of two popes (Urban VI in Rome & Clement VII in Avignon)

Monarchs take sides No reforms

Crisis in The Church

The Conciliar Movement Church should be ruled by everyone Council at Pisa

Three popes Council of Constance

Unites church under one pope (Martin V) Heresies

John Wycliffe and the Lollards

All these events undermine the authority of The Church set the stage for the Reformation

Crisis in the Church