Medieval Technology, Science, and Art - AVISTAMedieval Technology, Science, and Art Volume 6 Number 2 Fall 1992 / Winter 1993 A NOTE FROM THE PRESIDENT Warren Sanderson Concordia University,

AVISTA FORUM Association Villard de Honnecourt for the Interdisciplinary Study of

Medieval Technology, Science, and Art

Volume 6 Number 2 Fall 1992 / Winter 1993

A NOTE FROM THE PRESIDENT Warren Sanderson Concordia University, Montrkal, Canada

B EGINNING THIS FALL, I look forward to working with you to continue to advance AVISTA'S fundamental purpose of enhancing our knowledge of the linkages among art,

science, and technology of the Middle Ages. All of us - professionals, students of one or another medieval specialty, and concerned amateurs - have benefited from our sessions at the annual Medieval Institute congresses at Kalamazoo and from the informal, highly informative and useful contributions to AVISTA FORUM, My predecessor, Charles Stegeman, the past officers and directors, and the editors of the Forum deserve our warmest plaudits for their foresight and leadership.

The association's goals include encouraging further discussion and debate in a variety of ways. We hope that you will continue to take advantage of our current form or testing platform for well-grounded working hypotheses, AVISTA FORUM. What are you investigating? Have unexpected side issues of apparent substance arisen from your researches? What have you come upon in the course of your readings, writings, or lectures that warrants fuller inquiry than you will be able to pursue for the next few years? As for myself, for example, I have wondered for many years about how one ought best to determine the time that would have been required for an urgent message from Piacenza to have reached Attigny during the late summer of 869. By what route and which means would it have travelled? Why? I was surprised at the heat these questions generated, but as yet I have not found reliable answers for them. Though this seems a curiously small problem, important issues of Carolingian history and art hinge upon a factually well-supported solution to it. Many of you reading this have come upon similarly small, probable keys to much larger problems. Perhaps this is the moment also to consider exchanges of information and ideas through an electronic AVISTA bulletin board which could prove immediately useful and also provide appropriate material for publication in AVISTA Fo- RUM. Are we ready for this? How might we best proceed? Let's have your thoughts about it. You can defeat Apathy, the one great danger confronting us as Charles Stegeman wrote in the Spring 1992 issue, and also satisfy your own curiosity. Share with us briefly your observations, questions, and your still largely hypo- thetical best solutions in the informal format of Avista Forum .

Shouldn't we be doing more to understand better how the areas of inquiry that concern us interacted during the Middle Ages? The question becomes one of how we may each augment

the other's efforts in order to learn how scientific and technological developments influenced medieval thought and its sundry applications - and vice versa. This can only result in a fuller knowledge of our history. Our association will continue to provide its members with a fertile ground for discussing ideas and testing hypotheses. We await your input. Hope to see you in Kalamazoo in May. 9

CONTENTS Page

A Note From The President. .................................................... 1

Directors .................................................................................. 2

Bulletin Board .......................................................................... 2

.......................................................................... Call for Papers 3

Annual Business Meeting of AVISTA, May 1993 ....................... 3

Notes and Queries .................................................................... 4

In the News .............................................................................. 4

Rib Vaults in Italy .................................................................... 5

......................... News from Members and Affiliated Societies 7

Recent and Forthcoming Papers .............................................. 8

Activities-Past, Present, Future ........................................ 12

Bibliography of AVISTA Library ........................................ 18

Editorial Board (Deadline, Spring 1993 issue) ...................... 19

AVISTA membership application. ............................................. 19

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AVISTA FORUM

Volume 6 Number 2 Fall 19921Winter 1993

Editor: Michael T. Davis

O 1993 AVISTA Inc. Association Villard de Honnecourt for the

Interdisciplinary Study of Medieval Technology, Science, and Art

Fine Arts Haverford College

Haverford, PA 19041 U.S.A.

Officers 1992-1 993; President: Warren Sanderson Vice-President: George Saliba Secretary: Bert Hall Treasurer: Richard A. Sundt Counsel: Holbrook Bunting, Jr. European Director: Jean Gimpel

North American Directors: James Addiss (1994) William W. Clark (1993) Michael T. Davis (1994) Bert Ha11 (1994) Mark Infusino (1993) Barbara M. Kreutz (1994) Vivian Paul (1993) W. Ted Szwejkowski (1993)

AVISTA FORUM is produced by The Laser Touch, Inc. based in The Great Valley

Corporate Center, Malvern, PA.

ANNUAL BUSINESS MEETING, A VIS TA

Thursday, 6 May 1993 12:OO to 1 :30 p.m.

Room 2020 Fetzer Western Michigan University

Kalamazoo, Michigan

This meeting is an especially important one. Following the transitions of the past year, President Warren Sanderson is eager to stabilize the AVISTA ark.

We need the participation of our membership on several key issues:

1. Topic for 1995 AVISTA sessions. Warren Sanderson has proposed panels investigating the continuity and change in vaulting techniques during the early Middle Ages. While Gothic rib vaults have been the subject of intensive scholarly analysis, earlier vaulting achievements have received little recent attention. For example, Cluny 11, completely vaulted during the third quarter of the tenth century, remains poorly understood. What was its appearance? What were its sources? These and other problems that cut across geographical and disciplinary boundaries will seek to re-animate discussion of early medieval design and construction through contemporary methods of analysis. Other suggestions for session topics for 1995 and the future will gladly be entertained

2. Discussion of possibilities of electronic communication network among the membership and the establishment of a "shadow" for the AVISTA FORUM in the form of a list.

3. Election of new directors. O

BULL ETlN BOARD

B ert Hall, AVISTA'S secretary has negotiated an e-mail account under AVISA'S name at the University of Toronto Comput-

ing Centre, which gives our organization an InterNet hook up. The electronic address is:

[email protected] In addition, Bert has a private account whose address is:

[email protected] Members should send inquiries and information regarding the 1993 AVISTA sessions to W. Ted Szwejkowski at the Institute for History and Philosophy of Science and Technology at the Uni- versity of Toronto:

[email protected] Bert also writes that "we (the University of Toronto) have a Unix system which is case-sensitive, so do not capitalize things ... I invite anyone interested to send me an e-mailgreeting, preferably to the AVISTA address. I will try to capture the electronic addresses and circulate them. Now, what sort of use do we want to make of this? I had vaguely thought it might prove to be a cheap electronic shadow of AVISTA FORUM containing some, but probably not all, the files represented in hard copy by articles and features."

Ed. Bert's last two sentences are of crucial importance to the shape of future issues of AVISTA FORUM. Please let us know your thoughts and opinions by e-mail or on paper. Perhaps, with some

sense of the membership's will, we can discuss this issue productively at the annual meeting at Kalamazoo in May.

f Michael Davis is now the proud owner of an e-mail account at

Mount Holyoke. Addresses are: ] for Internet: [email protected]

for Bitnet: [email protected] I 1 Bert Hall and Michael Davis would appreciate the directors

who were elected for the 1992-1995 term to identify themselves by e-mail or letter. A complete list will be published in the next

1 issue of AVISTA FORUM and we apologize for the oversight.

I Because of the amplitude of news, papers, and activities in this

issue, a full complement of article reviews will appear in the next AVISTA FORUM. YOU can look forward to coverage of such topics

1 as recent studies of Gothic plan design, a reconstruction of the twelfth-century elevation of Notre-Dame, Paris, construction

i and structure of Narbonne Cathedral, the abstracts of the AVISTA

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PROGRAM, AVISTA SESSIONS, KALAMAZOO, THURSDAY 8 MAY 1993

The Mechanical Arts: How Things Work ... Philosophical and Practical Approaches

28th International Congress on Medieval Studies The Medieval Institute

Western Michigan University Kalamazoo, Michigan

W. Ted Szwejkowski, Chair/Organizer Institute for the History and

Philosophy of Science and Technology Victoria College, University of Toronto

Toronto, Ontario

I sessions at the 28th International Congress on Medieval Studies '

at Kalamazoo (1993), and the abstracts of papers read at the Session I: 1:30 D.m..m 2020 Fetzer

, session, sponsored by the Old Stones Society, on quanies, Steven Walton monuments, and sculpture in medieval France at the 27th Inter- (University of Toronto)

national Congress on Medieval Studies (1992). Reviews of Introduction: The Mechanical Arts and Scholasticism w

recent articles on technology and science will be welcomed. AVISTA FORUM 7: 1 will reach you by 1 May 1993.9 Hugh McCague

(York University) Practical ~ e o m & y and Measurement in Medieval Architecture

p F r .:!:if- , . John Muendel I (Waukesha, Wisconsin)

AUG 3 0 1936 The Role of Olive Oil in the Lubrication of Medieval Machines

Ervin Bonkalo 'hi RS l ~ y ;-3k R)(METEM Church History Encyclopedia) CALL FOR PAPER&

The Medieval Architect's Computer: The Compass

1 The American Numismatics Society and the Association ( Villard de Honnecourt for the Interdisciplinary Study of

Medieval Technology, Science, and Art will co-sponsor: Room 2 Q Z Q B b x

Bert S. Hall (University of Toronto)

Medieval Metals and Metallurgy Villard's Heirs: The Role of Fantasy in Technological Progress

29th International Congress on Medieval Studies May 1994

The Medieval Institute Western Michigan University

Kalamazoo, Michigan

Barbara Bowers and Alan Stahl, Organizers

Three sessions are planned on topics including: 1. Mining 2. Trade 3. Working of precious and non-precious metals

Papers are limited to twenty minutes. One-page abstracts, including audio-visual needs should be sent to:

Alan Stahl American Numismatics Society Broadway and 155th Street New Yoork, New York 10032 Fax: 2 12-234-338 1

Ingrid D. Rowland (University of Chicago) The Arithmetical Origins of the Italian Renaissance

Frank Klaassen (University of Toronto) Technology from the Perspective of Magic 9

The deadline for submission is 1 October 1993, but an immediate, vigorous response will insure that The Medieval Institute will accommodate adequately A V ~ A session needs. 9

NOTES AND QUERIES This section is designed to encourage the exchange of information und ideas among readers of AVISTA FORUM. Each queryis assigneda number keyedt o an issue of the Forurm. Notesprinted here are replies to specific queries and are numbered accord- ingly . We welcome responses in any issue, as well as ongoing correspondence regarding issues raised in these pages. Please forward your NOTES and QUERIES to George Ovitt, Dept. of Humanities, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 191 04.

T wo questions from Nigel Hiscock of Oxford Polytechnic, Gipsy Lane, Headington ,Oxford OX3 OBP, England. Re-

plies may be sent to Mr. Hiscock directly at 108 Gallery Apart- ments, 207 South Patrick Street, Alexandria, VA 22314:

Q-l(6:2): Is there any evidence for the medieval use of triangular set-squares or triangular templates as drawing instruments as opposed to their use in setting out right angles on building sites?

4 - 2 (6:2): What early medieval evidence is there, if any, of the measurement of angles either in degrees or in any other way?.

From John O'Neill, Department of Sociology, York University, 4700 Keele Street, North York, Ontario, Canada M3J 1P3

Q-3 (6:2): 1 am beginning a study Leonardo da Vinci in which I examine how it is the discourse of the history of science, history of art, and psychoanalysis treat central issues in his work(s). Familiar with the sources, museums, and major bibliography, I am now seeking the most opportune rendez-vous possible to get a sense of the current state of the art and ongoing scholarly work. *:*

FOR SALE: VILLARD

T he French edition of Villard's sketchbook is available from the Association Villard de Honnecourt

(France) for 130 French francs plus 12 francs for ship- ment. The full bibliographic citation is as follows:

Carnet de Villard de ~onnecourt, ~ 1 1 1 ~ siecle. Intro- duction et commentaires de Alain Erlande-Brandenburg, Rtgine Pernoud, Jean Gimpel, Roland Bechmann. Paris: Stock, 1986. ISBN 2 234 01976 1.

To obtain a copy, please send a check for 142 French francs made payable to "Marcel Lesnes" to the attention of M. Marcel Lesnes, rue des Magons, 59266 Honnecourt-sur-Escaut, FRANCE. *:*

IN THE NEWS Michael T. Davis Mount Holyoke College

Saffara Metropolis John Noble Wilford, The Frankincense Route ~ m e r ~ e s From the Desert, New York Times, 21 April 1992

T he story of Ubar, "the Atlantis of Arabia" has expanded into a full-scale archaeological and historical epic (see AVISTA

FORUM 6: 1, 3 for a summary of the news reports). Last Spring, within six months of their initial discovery of the ruins of the bustling trading emporium in southern Oman, the same team of archaeologists found extensive remains of an even larger city which has been identified as Saffara Metropolis. The recovery of this trading center fits perfectly with Ubar and the ancient seaport of Moscha, excavated in the 1950s, to suggest the existenceof an extensive network of land and sea routes that shipped frankincense north and west to the Mediterranean and eastward to Mesopotamia as well as India.

Once again, traditional archaeological methods were supplemented by tools of contemporary technology. The ruins of Saffara Metropolis, located at Ain Humran, were discovered by systematic ground reconnaissance assisted by satellite photography .Chief archaeologist, Professor Juris Zarins of South- west Missouri State University, has reported that the planning, construction techniques, and major architectural features of Saffara were "virtually identical" to those at Ubar.Thus, it would seem that the fabrics of these trading centers were probably built around 2000 years ago at the beginning of their period of greatest prosperity under Roman rule. Meanwhile, further digging has been carried out at Ubar to reveal a complex which is more extensive than intially believed. Nine towers have now been unearthed. The central city, measuring 150 by 180 feet, was surrounded by a far-flung group of some twenty occupation sites used by caravans, traders, and visitors.

It remains to be seen to what degreedesign strategies and building methods were influenced by Roman ideas or what impact such complexes may have had on later Arabic and, ultimately, Islamic, architecture. Ancient and early medieval Arabia may have been somewhat less barren than we currently believe. The supposed lack of a tradition of monumental architecture in the peninsula, which is the frequent explanation for the Muslims' receptiveness to "foreign" Byzantine and Sasanian influences, may instead reflect the incomplete archaeological record. It might be worth recalling that the Umayyad country palace Mshatta (Jordan) was enclosed by thick walls, monumental polygonal towers, andevidently would have been encircled by transients' campsites.

Nicholas Clapp is making a film on the project for the Public Broadcasting System's Nova program. A five-year plan calls for continued excavation and exploration at Ubar and Saffara and for the expansion of the search for additional centers of the frankincense trade into Yemen. Stay tuned.

Recapturing Architectural Splendor, AVC: Presentation for the Visual Communicator, 26 (Dec. 1992)14-15

T he third abbey church of Cluny has been reconstructed for a video presentation at the Muste Ochier in Cluny. A model

of the mother house of the Order was realized through the use of

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IBM's RISC System16000 work station and a combination of CAD (computer-aided design) and CATIA (computer-graphics aided three-dimensional interactive application) software. The team of engineering graduates from the Ecole nationale supkrieure des arts et metiers in Paris first created a ground plan based on the drawings of Kenneth John Conant, supplemented by measure- ments taken at the site. Once the two-dimensional plan was complete, CATIA was used to transform it into a three-dimensional model. The reconstruction was executed in three months. The image that appeared in AVC showed the morning light streaming into the abbey's ambulatory.This CATIA data base was then converted into TDImage software to produce a seven- teen-minute story "relating one-thousand years of European history with Cluny as the witness."

In casual conversations with my colleagues in the history of art and architecture, the subject of computers for the reconstruction of ruined or lost monuments, to build unrealized projects, to restore lost furniture, barriers, or image programs in order to re- capture a sense of original interior space recur again and again. Suchcomputer-aided visualizations appear to hold richpossibili- ties for both scholarly and pedagogical projects and are being employed in an expanding range of historical projects that include Pompeian houses and PalIadian villas. It seems that computer specialists and historians of architecture and the visual arts are just beginning to collaborate productively to create alternatives to traditional slides, photographs, and drawings on paper. I would be eager to hear from others who may be engaged in projects that combine computer graphics and historical research. It seems that a shotgun blast of new ventures have been launched recently and, by opening the lines of communication, we can move ahead to add an array of powerful and versatile new tools to our workshops. 0:.

John James Leura, Australia

I WANT TO PRESENT two hypotheses to the readers of the Avista Forum in order to re-open discussion of issues that deal with

rib vaults. I do so tentatively as I am not conversant with much of , the literature on Lombardic architecture. My observations are

stimulated by what I know of contemporary architecture from the Paris Basin. In spite of the limitations of my knowledge, these hypotheses may be helpful in connecting information from the two areas.

For along time, it has been agreed that rib vaults were invented

i, simultaneously but separately at Durham and in Lombardy around 1100. The five buildings upon which the dating for all other rib vaults are based are Sant' Ambrogio and San Nazaro in Milan, San Michele in Pavia, San Savinoin Piacenza, and Rivolta d'Adda. Dr. Jane McKinne's doctoral thesis on Rivolta suggests a date around 1 130 for its rib vaults (The Church of S. Maria e S. Sigismondo in Rivoltta d'Adda and the Double-bay System in Northern Italy, University of California, Berkeley, 1986). She hypothesizes a date for San Nazaro of about 11 10-1 1 12 and a similar date for the Sant' Ambrogio narthex with the nave vaults

I there after 1128. However, there are no documents for Pavia, Piacenza, or San Nazaro that would date securely their rib vaults. The documents for San Arnbrogio are open to various interpre- tations.

Most of the vaults in question have been restored or replaced. The cells of the easternmost bay at San Nazaro were rebuilt, though the ribs were preserved. The San Savino vaults were partially reconstructed by Martini in 1902-1903. The Rivolta vaults were reported as being in poor condition by their restorer, but we have no details of what work he did other than capping them with Portland cement.

In four of these five buildings, it is unlikely that ribs were intended from the beginning, for their pier bases and the capitals under the ribs are set square to the walls. The awkward junctions between the capitals and the ribs suggest that in all four the decision to use ribs was not made until after the walls had reached the height of the capitals. At Rivolta, a Burgundian-type barrel vault had already been constructed over the two eastern bays before ribs were installed over the next two.

It is only in Sant' Ambrogio that the capitals were set at aforty- five degree angle to the walls in both the high vaults and the narthex. There is a document which states that the tower in the northwest comer was "largely built" (in maximaparte edijicatum) by 1128. As the southern wall of the tower forms the northern wall of both the church and the narthex, the narthex ribs would have been in place by then and those of the high vault planned, if not completed. However, when I examined-the capitals in the gallery, I recognized forms that were familiar to me from capitals in northern France that we would date there to 1 130 or later, but would not under any circumstances date a generation earlier. (I am aware that some of these may have been restored - an Italian student is studying this problem currently). For this reason, I became dubious of the usual date of 1 100 for the Sant' Ambrogio vaults and spent part of the summer of 1992 visiting these five churches in Italy.

For this discussion, I suggest: 1. that it was the earthquake of 11 17 that stimulated the Italian builders to reinforce their big vaults with ribs; 2. that the technique for these first ribs was introduced into Italy by an Anglo-Norman builder from Lessay around 1 120.

The first point became more logical the more I thought about it. Early omb bard ribs occur only-over large spans andnever in aisles, suggesting that they had a utilitarian purpose rather than an aesthetic one. If we could devise an experiment that would show whether earth tremors caused the stones in the groins of ribless vaults to fall out first, then we may have an explanation for the decision to use ribs to relieve apost-earthquake anxiety. Ribs seem to have gone out of fashion by the middle of the century, until re-introduced by the later Gothic mode, indicating that once the immediate memory of the earthquake had passed, builders no longer felt they had to use them. Lastly, even when restoration is taken into account, I saw few signs of the dislocation we should expect in ribs shaken by an earthquake as we would if they had been erected before 1 1 17

The second point needs a short introduction. The earliest rib vaults in England and Normandy were constructed in the manner of groin vaults in which the role of the rib was more decorative than structural. This can be seen in the shape of the boss. Where the junctions between the boss and the ribs are not ninety degrees to the ribs (Fig. 1) , they are non-structural because these ribs could not have supported themselves if the cells had not been erected with them. Though some ribs had a structural purpose in the 1120s, as in the Gloucester crypt, it took more than thirty years for the builders to understand that the rib could be constructed independently of the cells, as witnessed in the Saint- Denis ambulatory. It follows that until the masters realized this, it is doubtful whether they would have perceived that the rib had more than amarginal effect on the structural integrity of the vault.

Fig. 1 Durham, Cathedral, above, aisle and most of nave vault bosses; below, vault boss to sixth bay of the nave (drawing: author).

The signs of early ribs, discussed in my article on Durham, published in Gesta, 22 (1983), 135-145, are: the shape of the boss and ribs offset at the crown and/or being twisted in plan (Fig. 2). Ribs displaying these technical imperfections are likely to be earlier than ribs that could support themselves independently of the cells. In Lombardy, bent and offset ribs and non-structural bosses are to be found in the easternmost bays of all these five churches, while most of the western bays are technically perfect. This shows that the western bays are later than the eastern.

It is often said that the typical Italian rib vault is emphatically domical with pointed ribs and transverse arches. They are com- pared with the typical English and Norman vault with level crowns and round arches. To keep the crown level, Anglo- Norman ribs were usually set out from the segment of a circle in which the center of the arc was located well below the capitals. It was for this reason that Jean Bony though that English and Italianrib vaults had been invented independently of one another. However, in the earliest Lombard vaults, the eastern bays of San Nazaro, San Michele, and San Savino, the crowns are not domical but level. Further, the ribs are neither round not pointed, but are segmental. Their spatial arrangement is therefore Anglo- Norman. Where nearly all Lombard vault profiles and those with true bosses are rectangular, those in the eastern bays of San Nazaro, San Michele, and Brebbia are circular. This circular profile is also a French and English characteristic. This combination of non-structural bosses, level spatial organization, and circular rib sections is so typical of northern vaults that it is hard to believe that Lombard builders did not import this concept and mode of construction of the rib.

It has been argued that circular ribs are later than rectangular ribs as the latter, being simpler, must be earlier. We only have to

compare the Durham ribs of 1100 with the square ones at Gloucester from around 1 125 to raise doubts about this argument. A number of architectural historians have dated vaults with circular profiles to the 1 160s. But as the buildings which contain them all have non-structural bosses and bent ribs, I believe this is much too late. The non-structural boss does not exist in northern European architecture after 1140 or 1145 at the latest. By then, every builder understood how the rib could best be used to support the vault, and the formwork techniques had been refined so they aided the workmen in the accurate laying of the the stones. Once the Italians had understood this, as seen in most of the western bays of the churches, it is unlikely that they would revert to a technique used two generations earlier. I believe we should consider dating these early Lombard ribs to the 1120s.

If the earthquake was the trigger that brought the rib to Lombardy, I would postulate that an Anglo-Norman builder or someone who had worked in the north was summoned to advise on the reinforcement of vaults over large spans. This person brought the techniques and methods he had learned toItaly. Once the Italians had absorbed what he had to offer, they improved on it by using heavier square sections for the ribs and making the vaults even safer with domical cells.

Some of the domical vaults in Lombardy with rectangularribs have the same non-structural bosses and other technical imperfections as the Anglo-Norman vaults. Those that are structurally true tend, on the whole, to be those over the westernmost bays, and, hence, in most cases, the last to be erected. In the north, the true structural boss over straight ribs was rarely found before the mid-1 130s. The others would, by this argument, have been constructed between 1117 and the mid-1130s. It should be remebered that the rib was not the only concept the Italians learned from the north at this time: consider also alternation, square bays, barrel vaulting, and, later, the Gothic style itself. O

Fig. 2 Durhum. Cathedral. nave aisle vault showing, slightly exagerated, the serpentine misplacement of ribs (drawing: author).

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NEWS FROM MEMBERS AND AFFILIATED ASSOCIATIONS: AVISTA members and aflliates, please send items for this column to the News Editor. News items should be of interest to AVISTA membership but need not be about members or aflliates.

Projects, Institutions and Societies:

TheEuropean Society for the Study of Science and Theology. has members in fifteen European countries and the United States. Its current projects include contacts with the St. Petersburg School of Religion and Philosophy, a private institution devoted to higher education on religion and philosophy. Contact: C. Wassermann, ESSSAT Secretary, Breslauer Str. 7, D-7858 Weil- am-Rhein, Germany; 4912 154124223.

The Medieval Dress and Textile Society was founded in May, . 1991. Contact: K. Stanland, Secretary, The Museum of London, 150 London Wall, London EC2Y 5HN, England.

The Amis du Vieux Corbie has been founded to protect and preserve the site of the Carolingian abbey complex at Corbie, now threatened by the anticipated construction of an extension of the LycCe Sainte-Colette, and to prevent future incursions on the site. Enrollment as a benefactor is 1000 F; membership is available in two categories, at 100 F and 250 F. Checks should be made out to: Amis du Vieux Corbie - ComitC de Soutien, and sent to the treasurer, M. Daniel Rosiau, 4, rue Leon Cure, 80800 Corbie.

The History of Science Society (HSS) Women's Committee published a Directory of Women in the History of Science, Technology and Medicine in 1991. Copies cost $2.50. Contact: Executive Secretary, HSS, 35 Dean Street, Worcester, MA 01609.

The Medieval Association of the Midwest is an interdisciplinary association of medievalists in the Midwest founded to promote the study, criticism, research, and exchange of ideas related to all aspects of the medieval period and to articulate the specific needs of medievalists in the Midwest. The Association annually sponsors a conference and sessions at the International Congress on Medieval Studies in Kalamazoo and at the Midwest Modem Language Association. It also publishes a newsletter, Nuntia. Contact: Department of English, Southern Illinois Uni- versity at Carbondale, Carbondale, IL 62901.

The Federation Internationale des Instituts d ' ~ t u d e s Midievales (FIDEM) has been established to represent effi- ciently all institutes and centers providing moral and financial support for medieval studies, to organize the exchange of information, to further concerted action on teaching and major research projects, and to encourage meetings and exchanges of researchers, speakers, and students. Initiatives include: the publication of the Repertoire Internationale des Medievistes and The Journal of the FIDEM, to organize a new European diploma in medieval studies, and to organize the First European Congress on Medieval Studies, at the Centro di Studi sull'Alto Medioevo, Spoleto, May 27-29, 1993. Annual membership fee:

$100 US. National or international associations, centersaffiliated with universities, publishing organizations, and research groups are welcome to join. Contact: Secretariat de la F.I.D.E.M., ColEge Thomas More, Chemin d'Aristote, 1, B- 1348 Louvain- la-Neuve, Belgium.

A well-preserved patterned tile floor of the thirteenth century has been discovered under matting in the octagonal library above the Chapter House at Lichfield Cathedral. It will be published by Warwick Rodwell and Paul Drury in their forthcoming book on the Cathedral's art and archaeology.

Jan Hult and Bengt Nystrom are editing a volume on Technology & Industry: A Nordic Heritage, in cooperation with the Swed- ish National Museum of Science and Technology and the committee for the 1992 meeting of the Society for the History of Technology in Uppsala. Contact: Science History Publications1 USA, P.O. 2 1 , Nantucket, MA 02554; 61 71828-8450; FAX 6171 828-89 15.

Sven Rydberg has edited a volume entitled Svenck Teknikhistoria (Gidlunds Bokforlag, 1989), surveying the history of technology in Sweden from the Middle Ages to 1970.

The Archaeological Survey of Ireland, under the aegis of the Office of Public Works, has just completed its first survey volume, Archaeological Survey of County Louth. Copies are available for I£ 18.50 from: Government Publications Sales Office, Sun Alliance House, Molesworth Street, Dublin 2, Ire- land.

Grants and Prizes:

National Endowment for theHumanities, 1993 Summer Semi- nars for College Teachers. Participants in eight-week seminars will receive a $4000 stipend; those in seven-week seminars $3600; those in six-week seminars $3200.The deadline for applications is 1 March 1993.

Gothic in the Ile-de-France, directed by Professor Stephen Murray, Department of Art and Archaeology, c/o Summer Ses- sionOffice418 Lewisohn Hall, ColumbiaUniversity, New York, NY 10027. 14 June-6August 1993 (eight weeks). Location: Reid Hall,Paris,

The phenomenon of "High Gothic" should be understood as part of a peculiar unifying vision and a particular set of circumstances of time and place. The exploration of the interaction between the great monuments of Gothic and the rapidly changing milieu of the twelfth and thirteenth centuries is only fully possible in situ . Equally important is the interaction between these monuments and you, the visitor. Paris provides incomparable resources in its surviving medieval fabric, its great collections and research facilities (the Bibilothkque nationale, the Centre des Recherches des Monuments historiques, etc.), as well as ready access by train to the ring of great cathedrals encircling the capital city: Soissons, Chartres, Reims, Amiens, Beauvais, Laon, and Troyes.

College teachers in a range of inter-related disciplines are encouraged to apply: not just art history, but also history, religion, literature, music, drama, and philosophy. Inexpensive accommodation for all participants has been arranged in the Cite universitaire.

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Narrative and Synthesis in Medieval Book [Ilumination, directed by Robert G. Calkins, Department of Art History Come11 University, Ithaca, NY 14853. 21 June4 August 1993 (seven weeks)

This seminar will explore the impact of extratextual material on a book, and the relation of pictorial and literary allusion and metaphor.

Spolia: Ancient Artifacts in Medieval Re-Use, directed by Dale Kinney and Birgitta Wohl, Department of History of Art, Bryn Mawr College, Bryn Mawr, PA 19010. 14 June-30 July 1993 (seven weeks). Location: American Acad- emy in Rome

This seminar will focus on the relation of medieval Europe to its pagan past, seen in the aesthetics of antiquities and in their commercial role and legal status.

Islam and the Scientific Tradition, directed by George Saliba, Department of Near EastemStudies, c/o Summer Session Office, 419 Lewisohn Hall, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027. 21 June4 August 1993 (seven weeks)

Islamic science will be examined in itself, and in relation to earlier Greek and later medieval and Renaissance science.

The National Humanities Center offers 35-40 residential fellowships for advanced study in history, philosophy, languages and literature, classics, religion, and the history of art, among others. Applicants must have the doctorate or have equivalent professional accomplishments. The center awards fellowships to senior scholars who must be not more than ten years beyond the completion of graduate studies and should beengaged in research beyond revision of their dissertations. Contact: Fellowship Pro- gram, National Humanities Center, PO Box 12256, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709-2256.

The Collaborative Projects Program of the National Endow- ment for the Humanities welcomes applications for collaborative projects by two or more scholars over one to three-year periods, that cannot be accomplished through individual one- year fellowships. Awards range from $10,000 to about $15,000. Contact: Collaborative/Interpretive Research Programs, Divi- sion of Research Programs, Room 3 18, 1100 Pennsylvania Ave. NW, Washington, DC 20506; 202086-0210.

The Richard 111 Society offeres the William B. Schallek Memo- rial Graduate Fellowship Award to U.S. students pursuing a graduate degree program in a field related to late-fifteenth- century English history and culture. The awards are made in increments of $500, up to a maximum of $2000. Applications for the following academic year are made available beginning No- vember 1, deadline is usually at the end of February. Contact: Mrs. Joe Ann Ricca, Chair, 638B 6th St., Carlstadt, NJ 07072.

The Humanities Research Group invites applications for Vis- iting Humanities Fellowships, tenable at the University of Windsor, from scholars with research projects in traditional humanities disciplines or interdisciplinary research. No stipend is attached to the fellowship, but office space, university affilia- tion, library privileges, and assistance in establishing contacts in the southwestem OntarioNichigan region will be provided. Applicants must hold a doctorate or equivalent. Applications, including curriculum vitae, 1 -page abstract and detailed descrip- tion of the research project should be sent by the end of February to: J. Murray, Director, Humanities Research Group, Univ. of Wmdsor, 401 Sunset Ave., Windsor, Ont., N9B 3P4 Canada; 5 191253-4232.

The Andrew W. Mellon Foundation offers grants for scholars wishing to conduct research in the Vatican Film Library at Saint Louis University. The program provides travel expenses and a reasonable per diem for periods of two to eight weeks. Research- ers may be at the postdoctoral level or graduate students admitted to Ph.D. candidacy and working on dissertations. Projects can be scheduled only within one of the following periods: January 15- May 15; June 1-July 31; September 1-December 22. Contact: Andrew W. Mellon Fellowship Program, Vatican Film Library, Pius XI1 Memorial Library, Saint Louis Univ., 3650 Lindell Blvd., Saint Louis, MO 63108.

The Hermon Dunlap Smith Center for the History of Cartog- raphy offers the Nebenzahl Prize of $1000 for book-length manuscripts in the history of cartography. Winning manuscripts will be published by the University of Chicago Press. Contact: Smith Center, Newbeny Library, 60 W. Walton St., Chicago, IL 606 10; 3 121943-9090.

RECENT AND FORTHCOMING PAPERS: This column will list papers read or to be read at professional meetings (whether or not meant for publication), papers complete but not yet published, and papers recently published. Its purpose is to inform readers of work being done in a variety of disciplines. The News Editor has selected papers of interest to AVISTA members and welcomes additions.

Papers (dates are 1992 unless otherwise specified):

1991-93: The Section of the History and Philosophy of Sci- ence of the New York Academy of Sciences sponsors a series of lectures at the Academy, 2 East 63rd Street, New York, NY 10021. Lectures in 199 1-92 included: M.R. McVaugh (North Carolina-Chapel Hill): Medical Testimony in Medieval Trials; and C. Rosenberg (Penn- sylvania): Explaining Epidemics. For information about future lectures, contact the Academy: 2121838-0230, or the Section chair, A. Donovan, Dept. of Humanities, U.S. Merchant Marine Academy, Kings Point, NY 11024.

Feb.1: Imaging the Self in Renaissance Italy, the Inaugural interdisciplinary Symposium of the the Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum, was coordinated by K. Weil-Garris Brandt. Papers included: M. Baxandall (Courtauld Institute of ArtICalifomia, Berkeley): Alberti on Alberti; C. Klapisch-Zuber ( ~ c o l e des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales): Images without Memory: Women's Portraiture and Family Conciousness in Renaissance Florence; J. Fletcher (Courtauld Institute of Art): Fatto a1 Specchio: Venetian Renaissance Attitudes to Self-Portraiture; J.W. O'Malley, S.J. (Weston School of Theology): Imaging the Self: The ReligiousandRhetorical Framework; R.A. Goldthwaite (Johns Hopkins); Finding the Self in a Renaissance Palace; K . Park (Wellesley): The Sensitive Corpse: Body andSelfinRenais- sance Medicine.

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Mar. 26-28: Cross Cultural Encounters was the title of the meeting of the National Conference of the Renaissance Society

' of America at Stanford University. Papers included: J. Reiss (Cincinnati): Luca Signorelli's Acts of the Antichrist and the Christian Encounter with thelnfidel; A.M.B. Berger (California- Davis): Musical Proportions and Arithmetic in the Late Middle Ages and the Renaissance; B. Talvacchia (Connecticut): From Mythology to Science: Estienne's Anatomy; E. Reeves (Pennsyl- vania): Who Read Early Modern Maps? A. Roberts (Iowa): 'La fenestre della morte': The Parlatorio in the Fifeenth and Six- teenth Centuries; E. Weaver (Chicago): The Cloister and the World: Social, Economic and Cultural Exchange in Tuscany, 1500-1650; N. Thrower (California-Los Angeles): Cartographic Images of the New World; C. Brentano (California-Berkeley): 'The World in a Chamber': The Founding of Padua's Botanical Garden; C. Lazzaro (Cornell): A Sixteenth-Century Medici Me- nagerie in the Grotto of Cosimo's Villa at Castello; J. Kenseth (Dartmouth): Nature's Marvels Displayed; R. Helgerson (Cali- fornia-Santa Barbara): Nation or Estate? Ideological Conjict in the Early Modern Mapping of England; S. Raman (Stanford): Maps and Mapping: The Production of Colonialist Space; J. Couchman (Glendon-York): Perceptions of Tribal Diversity in the Accounts of Canada by Jacques Carrier and Andre' Thevet; M.I. Cameron (Carleton): 'Bloody and Man-eating People': Some Rejections on the Accounts ofMartin Frobisher's Voyages to Canada; J.P. Beaulieu (Waterloo): Textual Dehumanization and the Inventory Process: The Postulates of Colonial Discourse in Champlain's Texts; J. Tribby (Florida): Gawk Like an Egyp- tian: Rehearsing Cleopatra's Death in the Courts of Florence and Paris; P. Smith (Pomona): Science and Symbols: Alchemical Transmutation at the Hapsburg Court in Vienna; M. Biagoli (California-Los Angeles): Science andMisogyny: The Accademia dei Lincei, 1603-1631; P. Findlen (California-Davis): Theaters of Nature: Collecting and the Pilgrimages of Science in Early Modern Italy; J. Spicer (Walters Art Gallery): Curiosities as Art: The Cultural Limits of Perception; T. Kaufmann (Princeton): Curiosities and Scientific Investigation: Response to the Kunstkammer; S.G. Bhatt (Michigan): Passages to India, Pas- sages about India: European and Iranian Travellers in the Fifeenth and Sixteenth Centuries; N. Nerman (California-Ber- keley): German Travel Literature of the Early Renaissance and Arabic Travel Reports; K. Rowe (Harvard): That Curious En- gine: Agency, Witchcraft and Main-de-Gloire; L. Levin: (Wellesley): Magic as Theater, Theater as Magic; E.Q. Keber

r (Baruch-CUNY): A Twice Told Tale: The Conquest of Mexico in Sixteenth-Century Illustrations. Contact: J.C. Brown, History Dept, Stanford Univ., Stanford, CA 94305; 415/723-2758.

Apr. 2-4: The Old World Meets the New: 1492-1992 was the topic of a conference at the University of Notre Dame. Papers

y included: D. Quint (Yale): How New is the New World: the Discoveries and the Issue of Innovation in the Sixteenth Century; T. Conley (Minnesota): The SelfMade Map: French Literature and Cartography; B. Mundy (Yale): The Aztec Mapmaker and the Puzzle of Pre-Columbian Maps; R. Adorno (Princeton): Images ofAmerica: From Eastern Fable to Amerindian History; M. Peiia (Univ. Nacional Aut6noma de MCxico): Chiromancy and Oracles in the New World.

Apr. 4: Rediscovering Islamic Textiles a symposium, was held at the Brooklyn Museum. Papers included: A.S. Melikian-Chirvani (Centre National de Recherches Scientifiques, Paris): Studies in Literary Archaeology: The Royal Silks of Sasanian Iran and Their Islamic Successors; G. Eastwood (Leiden): Islamic Ar- chaeological Textilesfrom Sites in Egypt; A. Wardwell

Cleveland Museum of Art): New Evidence from Tibetfor Central Asian Silk Weaving in the Thirteenth Century; M. McWilliams (Cleveland Museum of Art): Cultural Collision: Iconographic Sources for a Safavid Velvet; L. Mackey (Royal Ontario Mu- seum): New on Old: Illuminating Historical Textiles Through Video Documentation in Fez, Morocco. Contact: Dept. of Public Programs, The Brooklyn Museum, 200 Eastern Parkway, Brook- lyn, NY 1 1238; 7181638-6501.

Aug. 16-20: Society for the History of Technology (SHOT) met in Uppsala, Sweden. ICOHTEC co-sponsored a mini-symposium on the interaction of art and technology: The Steam Engine as a Greek Temple: Art and Technology throughout History. Other papers included: P.O. Long (St. Johns): Military Authorship, Informal 'Academy' of Learning and Practice in Fifteenth andsixteenth Century Europe; P.H. Smith (Pomona): The Promise of Ars: The Seventeenth Century Search for a Theory of Practice; M. Baldwin (Harvard): The Role of the Enlightened Chemist and the Mining and Metallurgical Artisan as seen in the Encyclopidie; K.A. Davids (Rijksmuseum Leiden): Innovations in Windmill Technology in Britain and the Nether- lands, Sixteenth-Eighteenth Centuries; K. Awebro (Stockholm): Early Mining, Metal Works and Technological Changes in Norrland; S. Johnston (Science Museum, London): Mathemat- ics, Design and Matthew Baker: Reconstructing the Role of the Master Shipwright in Sixteenth Century England; D. McGee (Toronto): Deane's Doctrine: Design, Drawing and the Birth of a 'Scientific' Naval Architecture; J. Glete (Stockholm): Draw- ings and the Bureaucratization of the Naval Design Process in Sweden 1650-1730. Contact: J. Hult, Center for the History of Technology, Chalmers Univ., S-14296 Gothenberg, Sweden; telephone: 4613 11721501; FAX 4613 1/723827.

Sept. 25-26: Education and the Arts in the Middle Ages was the theme of the eighth annual conference of the The Medieval Association of the Midwest at Southern Illinois University at Carbondale. The keynote speaker was P.A. Olson (Nebraska): Boethius, Education, and Hegemony: The Epic Journey Beyond Empire. Papers included: C. Fee (Connecticut): Commodity, Currency, and Conquest: Woman as Material Object in Anglo- Saxon Texts; A.W. Cole (Miami of Ohio): The Half-acre in Passus 6: The Ideologies of Trifunctionality and Proto-capital- ism; G.B. Sellers (Loyola-Chicago): Deconstruction in Vercelli Rogationtide Homily XI: A Cultural Semiotic Approach; B. Wilson (Vanderbilt): Bonus Predicator et Cantor: Mendicant Sermons and Vernacular Songs in Late Medieval Italy; R. Armstrong (Ann Arbor, MI): Art and Music in Italian Noble Curriculum; F. Lochner (Notre Dame): Teaching Music in the Eleventh and Twelfh Century: Dietger of Metz and his Readers; E.R. Hamer (Loyola-Chicago): Sermon in Stone: Eardisley Font; G. Kornbluth (Youngstown State): 'Shining in Innocence,' a Carolingian Baptism of Christ; D. Catterall (Minnesota); Shap- ing the Parish Community in Late Medieval England.

Oct. 15-17: The Roles of Women in the Middle Ages: A Reassessment was the twenty-sixth annual conference of the Center for Medieval and Early Renaissance Studies at the State University of New York at Binghamton. Papers included: M. Green (Princeton): Issues of Medical Practice; J. Cadden (Kenyon): Legal andArchiva1 Sources; H. Lemay (SUNY-Stony Brook): University Medicine; M. Schleissner (Ryder): Vernacu- lar Fachliteratur; J. Jochens (Towson State): Gender Equality in Law? The Case of Medieval Iceland; J . Loengard (Moravian): 'You were not his wife': Defenses to Dower Claims in the King's Courts, 1195-1272; V. Ziegler (Pennsylvania State): Searing

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Proof: The Ordeal by Fire in Middle High German Literature andlegend; K.M. Wickham-Crowley (Georgetown): They Must be Ritual Objects: Women and Magic in the Texts and Archaeol- ogy of the Anglo-Saxon Period; C. Karkov (Miami of Ohio): AEthelfaed of Mercia: A Reassessment of Her Role; C. Neuman de Vegvar (Ohio Wesleyan): The DarkenedMirror: The Use and Abuse of Art History in Documenting Anglo-Saxon Women; V . Blanton-Whetsell (Binghamton): Constructions of an Anglo- Saxon Woman: Adeldryd as Queen, Abbesss, Virgin and Saint; E.T. Fort (Pennsylvania State): The Position and Authority of AEthelJeadofMercia; H. Nunn (Michigan State): Convergence, Opposition, and Notions of the Womb in The Book of Margery Kempe; E. Lindgren (Iowa): The Dynamics of a Female Commu- nity: the Vitae sororum of Unterlinden; A. Roberts (Iowa): Literary and Visual Representations of Silence for Nuns; M.E. Rogers (Guelph): Women in the Early Mendicant Orders: The Case of Diana d1Ando1o; M. Weiss-Amer (Western Ontario): Prenatal Care in the Middle Ages? F.E. Glaze (Duke): Hildegard ofBingen;s Causae et curae: The Evidence for a Reevaluation of Her Medical Sources; C.A. Everest (Alberta): Alison ofBath and Medieval Theories of Infertility; N. Virtue (Wisconsin): A New Look at Medieval Rape Legislation; S.M. Stuard (Haverford): The Two-Decade Transformation: Medieval Woman and the Course of History; S. Cusk (Harvard): The Hermeneutics of the Body in Some Miracles of Gautier de Coinci; M. Caviness (Tufts): Engendering Marginalia in Books for Men and Women; K. Biddick (Notre Dame): The Body of Christ, the Jew's Body, Women Mystics: Theoretical Problems in the Engendering of 'Western Christendom'; J. Ellis (Western Michigan): Assessing the Role of Women as Patrons and Producers of the Arts in England to 1300 A.D.: Trends and Questions; C.M. Schuler (The Cloisters): From Heroine to Sinner: The Eroticized Lucretia in Northern Renaissance Art; C. Schleif (Arizona State): The Wives of Adam Kraft: A Case Study in the Role of the Late-Medieval Artist's Wife in History and in Historiography; D. Wolfthal (Manhattanville): The Medieval Conception of the Rapist: The Artistic Evidence; L.M. Kein (OhioState) The Pious Needlewoman of the Renaissance; G. Bond (Rochester): Arresting the Subject: Aelfgiva and the Coloring of History in the Bayeux Tapestry; J. Oliver (Colgate): Literary and Visual Sources for the Spirituality of Ordinary Beguines; M. Sandor (Queens): Beguinesand Parish Life in MedievalBruges; P.D. Leveto-Jabr (Georgia State): Nuns, Donors, Saints: Portraits of Women in the Early Medieval Tower at Torba; L. Drewer (Princeton): Byzantine Aristocratic and Royal Women and the Patronage of Churches; D. Sadler (Agnes Scott): Behindevery good king ?...TheReign ofRighteous Queens in the Imagery of the Ste. Chapelle and Reims Cathedral; A.H. Bennett (Princeton): Women's Spirituality and Patronage in Devotional Illuminated Books of the Thirteenth Century; L.A. Gates (Missouri Valley): Widows with Property: Some Lessons from Two English Manorial Communities; K.L. French (Minne- sota): Women's Contributions to Late Medieval Parochial Life; E.D. English (Notre Dame): Reading BeyondDemography in the Archives: The Discourse of Law and Gender in Italian Cities; C. Adamowicz (Providence): Falling Barn and Uncooperative Horses in The Book of Margery Kempe; J.W. Williams (Ari- zona): The Limits of Female Sainthood in the Windows of Chartres Cathedral; L.A. Koch (Kutztown): The Chapel of Santa Fina in Sun Gimigniano: Woman's Body, Martyrdom, and the Female Model ofReligious Devotion; K. Roddy (California- Davis): The Many Faces of Margaret: Early Saints' Lives of Pelagia the Harlot, Mary the Harlot, Reparata, Marina, Eugenia and Apollinaria; E. Valdez del Alamo (Montclair State): Femi- nized Imagery in the Sarcophagus of Doiia Blanca in Najera; J .

Mann (Wayne State): Architectural Innovation and the Patron- age of Royal Women in the. Christian Kingdoms of Eleventh- Century Spain; S.H. Caldwell (Oklahoma): Queen Sancha's 'Persuasion': A Regenerated Ledn Symbolized in Sun Isidro's Pantheon and Its Treasures; A.L. Thompson (Maryville): Noblewomen's Control of Property in Early Twelfh-Century Blois-Chartres; M. Angelos (Manchester): Women and the Com- mercial Revolution: Genoese Merchant Families; L. Haas (Duquesne): Birth, Infancy and Women in Late Medieval and Renaissance Florence.

Dec. 4 5 : Autour des maitres d'oeuvres de la cathedrale de Narbonne: les grandes eglises gothiques du Midi, sources d'inspiration et construction, a colloquium held in Narbonne included papers by: C. Freigang (Gottingen): La cathkdrale gothique septentrionale dans le Midi, symbole royaliste ou formule ambitieuse?; R. Sundt (Oregon): Les kglises gothiques a chapelles hautes: style, fonction, et diffusion; M. Davis (Mount Holyoke): Narbonne et les kdifrces nobles et magnifiques du royaume de France; V. Paul (Texas A & M): Le passage dune architecture du Nord a une architecture du Midi a la cathkdrale Saint Just- Saint Pasteur de Narbonne: sa signification dans l'architecture du Languedoc; V. Paul: La construction de la cathkdrale de Narbonne a partir des relevks graphiques et leur analyse sur ordinateur; M. Pradelier (Toulouse-Le Mirail): Sources d' inspiration et construction de la cathkdrale de BPziers; Y . Carbonell-Lamothe (Conservateur des AntiquitCs et Objets d' Art des Pyrknees-Orientales): Les affinitks architecturales de l'kglise de l'abbaye de Valmagne et de la cathkdrale Saint- Etienne de Toulouse; A. Curtius (Freiburg-im-Breisgau): La cathkdrale de LodPve: ses sources d'inspiration et saplace dans 1' histoire de l'architecture europkenne; A. Girard (Conservateur des Mustes du Gard): Blaise Lkcuyer "maistre des ouvrages" de la cathkdrale de Carpentras et de la collkgiale de Pont-Saint- Esprit au XVkme siPcle: profil d'une carriPre; M. Carlasade : Sainte-Marie de Lombez, une cathkdrale gothique du XIVPme siPcle construite en tempsde crise; J. Brancons Clapes (Barcelona): Jaume Fabre, maitre d'oeuvre de la cathkdrale de Barcelone; J. Bassegoda None11 (Barcelona): Le chevet de la cathkdrale de Barcelone; V. Almini Balada: La problkmatque de projets d'architecture en Catalogne auxXIVPme etXVPmesi&cles; le cas de la cathkdrale de Tortosa; J. Domenge: Les maitres d'oeuvre de la cathkdrale de Mallorca au cours du dernier tiers du XIVPme siPcle; F. Espanol (Barcelona): Lesantkcedentsde Pere Valebrerd: maltre d'oeuvre de la cathkdrale de Perpignan; 0.Poisson (Monu- ments historiques, Languedoc-Rousiilon et Corse): Maitres d'oeuvre et sources d'inspiration des travauxd'achPvementetde restauration des cathkdrales gothiques de Languedoc et de Catalogne au XIXPme sidcle.

Dec. 16: The Folger Institute Evening Colloquium presented W. Engel (Vanderbilt): Imagining Places: Mnemonic Emblems in Early Modern Discourses of Knowledge. Contact: The Folger Institute, The Folger Shakespeare Library, 201 East Capitol Street SE, Washington, DC 20003; 2021544-4600.

Dec. 27-29: The History of Science Society Annual Meeting, held jointly with the meeting of the American Historical Society, convened in Washington, D.C. Papers included: S. Edgerton (Williams): Leonardo da Vinci versus Montezuma; A. Grafton (Princeton): Back to the Future: Classicism, Progress and Tech- nical Innovation in Renaissance Humanism; R. Cohen (Boston); The Fate of the Zilsel Thesis; W. Eamon (New Mexico): Science and the Secrets of the Arts: AnotherLook at thezilsel Thesis; P.O.

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Long (Washington, D.C.): The Scholar and Craftsman Revisited; P.H. Smith (Pomona): The Erasure of the Artisan in Seventeenth- Century Natural Philosophy; L. Stewart, (Saskatchewan); The Making of the Market for Natural Philosophy in the Eighteenth Century; S. Kuriyama (Emory): On the Significance of Letting Blood: Greece and China; H. von Staden (Yale): Anatomy and Rhetoric: Galen on Dissection and Persuasion; K. Park (Wellesley): The Sensitive Corpse: Opening the Body in Late Medieval Europe; M. McVaugh (North Caroline-Chapel Hill): Medical Learning and its Public in the Middle Ages; W. Newman (Harvard): John ofRupescissa and Bernard of Trier: Two Models of the Relationship ofAlchemy and Religion in the Middle Ages; M. Shank (Wisconsin): Thelvory Tower and the Burg: Academic Consulting in Late Medieval Vienna; M.J. Voss (Johns Hopkins): The World of Niccolo Tartaglia: A Maestro dlAbbaco between the Canon and the Book; R. Lombardo (California-San Diego): Virtuosi and Vain Speculators: Agostino Scilla, the Epistemol- ogy of Sense Experience, and la Veridica Stork; P. Findlen (California-Davis): Feminine and Newtonian: Laura Bassi and Experimental Philosophy in Enlightenment Italy; P. Morpurgo (Centro Biagio Pelacani, Parma): Norman and Swabian Institu- tions Facing the Twelfh-Century Idea of Nature; A.P. Coudert (Arizona State): The Injluence of the Kabbalah on Leibniz's Thought; A. Alexander (Stanford): Cavaliere, the Jesuits, and the Politics of lndivisibles; T. McMullen (Georgia Southern): The Role of Reasoned Anomaly in William Harvey's Discovery of the Circulation of the Blood; I. Schneider (Deutsches Museum, Miinchen); Johann Faulhaber and the Origin of Descartes' Mathematics; W. Applebaum (Illinois Institute of Technology): Galileo and Kepler: An Old Problem Revisited; D. Hill (Augustana): The Role of Circular Motion in Galileo's Paduan Mathematics; A. Blair (Harvard): Philosophy Teaching at the University of Paris: The Case of Janus Caecilius Frey (active 1610-1631); J.S. Freedman (Illinois Wesleyan): The Career and Writings of Bartholomew Keckermann (d. 1609); M.L. Kurtz

,! (Georgia State): Knowledge, Higher Knowledge, and a Venetian Academy: Extra FormalSchooling in the Renaissance; B. Schapiro (California-Berkeley): Objectivity, Modernism, and the Scien- tific Revolution; M.A. Finocchiaro (Nevada-Las Vegas): Galileo. There was also a roundtable discussion on Critical Problems in the History of Mathematics.

Jan. 27, 1993: The Folger Institute Evening Colloquium presented J. Solomon (American): The Values of Contigency, or,

C Legitimating the Particular with Francis Bacon and Friends. Contact: The Folger Institute, The Folger Shakespeare Library, 201 East Capitol Street SE, Wshington, DC 20003; 2021544- 4600.

Mar. 3, 1993: The Folger Institute Evening Colloquium will present D. Hedrick (Kansas State): Flower Power: Shakespearean Deep Bawdy and the Botanical Perverse. Contact: The Folger Institute, The Folger Shakespeare Library, 201 East Capitol Street SE, Wshington, DC 20003; 2021544-4600.

Mar. 4-6, 1993: Twelfth Canadian Conference of Medieval Art Historians will meet at the Universite Laval, Quebec. Papers will include: L. Jessop (Victoria): Early Medieval Martyrdom Cycles and the Use of Model Books; J.-G. Violette (Laval): A propos des sources narratives de quelques images de fete byzantines; G. Mackie (Victoria): La Daurade: the Sequel; D. Kelly (Victoria): Letterforms as Frames: Semiotic Devices in Hiberno-Saxon andAnglo-Saxon ManuscriptDesign; C. Neuman de Vegvar (Ohio Wesleyan): Waymarker for a Warrior: The

Franks Casket and the Anglo-Saxon 'Economy of Honor'; E.R. Hamer (Loyola-Chicago): Kilpeck Revisited; E.C. Fernie (Edinburgh): In Meticulous Detail: the Strengths and Weak- nesses of the Study of Anglo-Saxon Architecture from 1965 to 1992; L. Hoey (Wisconsin-Milwaukee): Romanesque Vaulting in Southeast England; A. Prache (Paris-Sorbonne): Dendrochronologie etprockdks de construction: les cathkdrales de Chartres et d'Amiens; V. Paul (Texas A&M): First Gothic in Languedoc; M. Thurlby (York): The Augustinians as 'Mission- aries of Gothic' in Britain; J.P. MacAleer (Technical Univ. of Halifax): The West Front of Norwich Cathedral: Medieval versus Medievalism; L. Reilly (Virginia): Peterborough Cathedral: A New Chronology; C. Hardy (Montreal): Le choeur de Saint- Gemer-de-Fly: novateur ou archai'que; J.A. Givens (Connecti- cut): Exeter Cathedral's Lost Chapel of St. James; N. Ginchereau (Laval): La tour de fa~ade et l'kglise de M6zier.e~-en-Brenne au quatorzidme sitcle; T.E. Russo (Indiana): Looking for.Byzantium: A Reassessment of the Clinging Cunilinear Style in Twelfth Century English Art; J. Mann (Wayne State): The 'Spain or Toulouse?' Problem and the Study of Spanish Romanesque Art; A. Isler-de Jongh (Victoria): Un vitrail autrichien du Royal Ontario Museum: 'Sainte Catherine', unpanneau incongru duns un programme provincial; J.I. Friedman (Montreal-Warwick): The Politics of Sanctity: Art as Evidence in the Process of Canonization of Saint Bridget of Sweden; J. Osborne (Victoria): The Fourteenth-Century Mural Decorations of the Church of S. Pellegrino in Naumachia, Rome; S.M. McKinnon (Winnipeg): Jean Fouquet's Workshop: The Evidence of HM 1168; H. McCague (York): To Buildand Measure the Temple of Solomon; V. Jansen (California-Santa Cruz): Aesthetics of Architecture and the New Church Order in Thirteenth-Century England; J. Bugslag (Victoria): The Process of Gothic Design: The Shrine of Saint Gertrude in Nivelles; J.M. Addiss (CUNY): The Architec- tural Objet at the Cathedral ofLe Puy; C. Labrecque (Laval): Les plans irrkguliersdans les kglisesgothiquesde la region parisienne; S.W. Lochner (Victoria): Ruins of Power: British Documenta- tion of the Medieval Quwwat Al-Islam Complex in Delhi; C. Bourget (Qutbec-Paris IV): Les chevets des kglisesjlamboyantes a la jonction Bourgogne-Champagne; R. Sanfaqon (Laval): Les kchanges artistiques France-Allemagne et l'architecture du quinzidme sitcle: quelques exemples; R.A. Sundt (Oregon): The Great Portal of Batalha's 'Capellas Imperfeitas' : The Question of Its English Sources Re-examined; T.A. Sandquist (Toronto): The 'Gothic' Parish Churches of Barbados; P. Coffman (York): Venerable Modernism-Medievalism: Sir G.G. Scott's Proposed Design for the Law Courts; E.S. Goodstein (Arkansas): Pop' Gothic, or Mass Culture Meets the Middle Ages. Contact: R. Sanfaqon, Histoire de l'art, Univ. Laval, Citt universitaire, Quebec G 1K 7P4, Canada

June 34,1993: Clarefest '93: Word and Image will be held at Viterbo College, Lacrosse, Wisconsin. Papers will include: C. Bruzelius: Seeing versus Hearing: Liturgical Spaces for Nuns. The Church of Santa Chiara in Naples; W. Cook: The Image of Clare in Early Italian Painting; J. Schatzlein, OSF: Illness and Fasting in the Life of Clare of Assisi.

Periodicals and serials:

Papers are invited for APA:1066, a forum for discussion of medieval topics sponsored by Markland Medieval Militia Ltd., currently published on a quarterly basis. Contact: APA:1066, c/o Markland Ltd., P.O. Box 7 15, Greenbelt, MD 20768-07 15.

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Perspectives on Science: Historical, Philosophical, Social, a quarterly journal will be published by the University of Chicago Press beginning in 1993. It will be devoted to studies of the sciences that integrate historical, philosophical, and social perspectives; contents will include case studies and theoretical essays of a meta-histoical and meta-philosophical character. The journal will foster historiographical work combining social and institutional analyses of science as well as analyses of experi- ments, practices, concepts and theories. One issue per year will be topic-centered, with a guest editor. Manuscripts (for blind peer-review) should be submitted to: J.C. Pitt, Dept. of Philoso- phy, VirginiaPolytechnic Institute & StateUniversity, Blacksburg, VA 24061-4564. For charter subscriptions (15% below regular rate), contact: The University of Chicago Press, Journals Divi- sion, P.O. Box 37005, Chicago, IL 60637.

Studies in Medieval and Renaissance History. volume 13 (1992), History and the Technological Prism, will include two studies first presented in the 1990AVISTA sessions at Kalamazoo: C. Gillmor, Practical Chivalry: The Training of Horses for Tournaments and Wa$are, 5-29; M. Jones, The Literary Evi- dence for Mast and Sail during the Anglo-Saxon Invasions, 3 1- 67. The volume is introduced by Barbara M. Kreutz, Dean Emeritus of the Graduate School of Arts and Science, Bryn Mawr College, who co-ordinated the panels.

The Rutgers Art Review: The Journal of Graduate Research in Art History, seeks papers from graduate students for publication in the forthcoming issue. Contact: Editor, Volume 14, Rutgers Art Review, Department of Art History, Voorhees Hall, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08903; 9081932-7041.

Arabic Sciences and Philosophy: A Historical Journal is a semi-annual publication concerned with the history of Arabic sciences, mathematics, and philosophy in the Islamic world from the eighth to the eighteenth century. The journal also publishes studies of the relationships between Arabic, Greek, and Indian sciences and philosophy and those of Latin, Byzantine, Italian and other European origins. Contributors should submit papers to: Basim Musallam, Executive Editor, Centre of Middle Eastern Studies, Univ. of Cambridge, Sidgwick Ave., Cambridge CB3 9DA, England; or to Roshi Rashed, Executive Editor, Equipe R.E.H.S.E.I.S., C.N.R.S., 49 rue Mirabeau, 750 16 Paris, France. Subscribers should contact: B. McGrath, Associate Marketing Manager, Journals, Cambridge Univ. Press, 40 W. 20th St., New York, NY 1001 1..

Alvissmal: Forschungen zur mittelalterlichen Kultur Skandinaviens is the first annual German-language serial publication devoted to the study of medieval Scandinavia. The journal will publish articles, essays, review articles, and research reports in English, German or any Scandinavian language. It is open to all types of investigation and encourages discussion of theories, methods, and conclusions of other disciplines relevant to medieval Scandinavian studies. Articles and announcements should be submitted and subsciption inquiries sent to the editorial office: Freie Univ. Berlin, Fach Scandinavistik, Habelschwerter Allee 45, D-1000 Berlin 33, Germany; telephone 030-838-3309.

Urban History (formerly Urban History Yearbook) is now being published twice a year in a new format, under the aegis of Cambridge University Press, beginning in April, 1992. Contact: B. McGrath, Associate Marketing Manager, Journals, Cam- bridge Univ. Press, 40 W. 20th St., New York, NY 1001 1.

The SUNY Series in Medieval Studies is a new series of monographs on medieval studies, to be published by the State University of New York Press under the general editorship of Paul E. Szarmach. Intended to provide a forum for interdisciplinary research on Europe in the period 500-1500 A.D., the series seeks primarily to publish work that combines the methodologies and insights of several disciplines. The series encourages both younger and more established scholars to offer new interpreta- tions of traditional issues or to initiate discussions of new areas of study. The series does not consider bibliographies, editions, concordances, or other reference works. Contact: C.F. Sautter, Editor, SUNY Press, SUNY Plaza, Albany, NY 12246. A recent publication in the series is H.R. Lemay's Women's Secrets: A Translation of Pseudo-Albertus Magnus' 'De Secretis Mulierum' with Commentaries, available from SUNY Press, C/O CUP Services, P.O. Box 6525, Ithaca, NY 14851; 6071277- 2211.

Haklytus Postumus or Purchas His Pilgrimes; Contayning a History of the World in Sea Voyages and Lande Travels by Englishmen and Others, by Samuel Purchas, B.D., the edition originally published in Glasgow in 1905-1907, has been repub- lished by AMS Press. The set (20 volumes) is $1530. Contact: AMS Press, Inc., 56 E. 13th St., New York, NY 10003.

Journal of Unconventional History, the "Journal of Last Re- sort" for new theories, unconventional subjects, approaches that juxtapose known facts in surprising new ways, is calling for papers for Winter 1993 and beyond (published tri-annually- Fall, Winter, and Spring). Please send a copy of your paper or abstract, to Journal of Unconventional History, P.O. Box 459, Cardiff, CA 92007. An article by AVISTA member, Professor Ervin Bonkalo, Criminal Proceedings Against Animals in the Middle Ages appeared in the Journal, vol. 3, no. 2, Winter 1992,25-31.

ACTIVITIES . PAST, PRESENT AND FUTURE

This column reports activities relevant to the interdisciplinary interests of AVISTA members. The list is selective rather than comprehensive, and will not replace reports of activities published by professional societies of the various disciplines represented by AVISTA members. Neither will it always constitute due notice of an activity, because of AVISTA FORUM'S biannual publication schedule. On the other hand, scholars may be informed of activities that their own professional groups do not report. The purpose of the column is to facilitate the exchange of information and ideas across the boundaries of various disciplines. Please send reports of activities to the News Editor. Items are not necessarily listed in chronological order. All dates are 1992 unless otherwise specified. Activities cited in the RECENTAND FORTHCOMING PAPERS section will not be repeated here.

Feb. 20-22: The Past and Future of Medieval Studies, a colloquium, was sponsored by the Medieval Institute at the University of Notre Dame. Participants included: J. Van Engen (Notre Dame), M.M. Sheehan (Pontifical Institute, Toronto), K.

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Biddick, (Notre Dame), P. Geary (Florida), M. Meyerson (Notre Dame), J. Cohen (Ohio State), M. McCormick (Harvard), R.W. Bulliet (Columbia), R. Lemer (Northwestern), M.L. Colish (Oberlin), M. Jordan (Notre Dame), E. Ann Matter (Pennsylva- nia), L. Patterson (Duke), R. Frank (Toronto), D. Pearsall (Harvard) R.H. Bloch (California-Berkeley), S. MacCormack (Michigan), R. Starn (California-Berkeley), T. Bisson (Harvard), J. Bennett (North Carolina-Chapel Hill), K. Monison (Rutgers), W. Jordan (Princeton), K. Emery, Jr. (Notre Dame), R. Rouse (California-Los Angeles), B. Bedos-Rezak (Maryland-College Park), J. Hamburger (Oberlin), L. Treitler (CUNY), and M. Camille (Chicago). Contact: The Past and Future of Medieval Studies, Center for Continuing Education, Box 1008, Notre Dame, IN 46556.

Mar. 2-6: Alle origini della nuova Roma, il pontificato di Martino V, was held in Rome. Contact: L'Associazione Roma del Rinascimento, Piazza dell'Orologio, 4-00 186 Roma, Italy.

Mar. 6-7: Tradition, Transmission, and Transformation: Ancient Mathematics in its Islamic and Occidental Context, a symposium, was held at the University of Oklahoma. Speakers included: J.L. Berggren (Simon Fraser), S. Brentjes (Karl Marx Univ., Leipzig), M. Folkerts (Miinchen), J.P. Hogendijk (Rijksuniv. te Utrecht), A.G. Molland (King's College, Aberdeen), W.Van Egmond (Arizona State). Contact: S.J. Livesey, Dept. of the History of Science, The Univ. of Oklahoma, 601 Elm, Room 622, Norman, OK 73019.

Mar. 20-22: Six Objectors to Descartes' Six Meditations, cosponsored by the National Endowmwnt for the Humanities, was held at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. Con- tact: R. Anew or M. Grene, Dept. of Philosophy, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State Univ., Blacksburg, VA 24061;

1 703123 1-4564.

Apr. 2 4 : The South-Central Renaissance Conference met at Northeast Louisiana University. Topics included: European- American encounters in images; the impact of printing and publishing houses upon literature and the arts; Paris and the French court in the reign of Francis I; Renaissance theater and the question of authorship. Contact: H. Turrentine, Program Chair, Meadows School of Fine Arts, Southern Methodist Univ., Dal- las, TX 75275.

Apr. 3 4 : The Medieval City Under Siege a conference on medieval military technology, was held at the University Park campus of Pennsylvania State University. Contact: V. Ziegler, Chair, Medieval Studies Program, Dept. of German, Pennsylva- nia State Univ., University Park, PA 16802; 8 141863-7484.

Apr. 4: The Old English Colloquium sponsored a one-day conference on Myth, Magic, and Medicine at the University of California-Berkeley. Speakers included: R. Frank (Toronto), S. Glosecki (Alabama), K. Jolly (Hawaii), J. Lindow (Califomia- Berkeley), D. Melia (California-Berkeley), J. Nagy (Califomia- Los Angeles), J. Niles (California-Berkeley), E. Robertson (Colo- rado), M. Wack (Stanford). Contact: J. Niles, Faculty Advisor, Old English Colloquium, Dept. of English, Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA 94720.

Apr. 5-8: The Spanish Jews and the Expulsion of 1492, cosponsored by the National Endowment for the Humanities,

was held at the University of Southern California. Contact: M. Lazar, Comparative Literature Program, Univ. of Southern Cali- fornia, Los Angeles, CA 90089-0353; 2 13/740-0 103.

Apr. 23-25: The Centre for Late Antique and Medieval Studies of the University of London held an international conference on Kings and Kingship in Medieval Europe. Speakers included: S. Bagge (London); D. Carpenter (London); W. Davies (Lon- don); A. Hughes (London); P. Johanek (Miinster); M. Kauffman (Bodleian Library); G. Klaniczay (Budapest); G. L a n e (Paris); J. Le Goff (Paris); J. Lowden (London); A. Mackay (Edinburgh): M. McCormick (Baltimore); J.L. Nelson (London); T. Reuter, (Munich); K. Szov% (Budapest), W. van Emden (Reading); T. Zotz (Freiburg). Contact: A. Duggan, History Dept., King's College London, Strand, London WC2R 2LS.

Apr. 27-29: The Religious Convictions of Erasmus of Rotterdam was the topic of the Erasmus of Rotterdam Society Symposium, at the Warburg Institute, University of London. Contact: Erasmus of Rotterdam Society, 22 17 Old Fort Hills Dr., Fort Washington, MD 20744.

Apr. 29-May 2: The Society for the Advancement of Scandi- navian Studies held its eighty-second annual meeting in Minne- apolis. Contact: M. Metcalf, Director, Institute for International Studies, Univ. of Minnesota, 2 14 Social Sciences, 267 19th Ave. South, Minneapolis, MN 55455.

Apr. 30-May 3: Matrilineality and Patrilineality in Compara- tive and Historical Perspective, a conference, was held at the University of Minnesota. Contact: L. Brienzo, Professional De- velopment and Conference Services, Univ. of Minnesota, 214 Nolte Ctr., 3 15 Pillsbury Dr. SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455-0 139; 6 121624-6053.

May 1-3: Aspects of Renaissance Symbol Theory (1500- 1700) was hosted by the University of Tennessee, Chattanooga, in association with the Society for Emblem Studies. Contact: P.M. Daly, School of Art and Sciences, Univ. of Tennessee, Chattanooga, TN 37403.

May 14-16: Medioevo Aostana: La Pittura intorno all'anno mille in cattedrale e in S. Orso was held in the Salone delle Manifestazione del Palazzo Regionale, Piazza Deffeyes, Aosta. Speakers included: A. Peroni, C. Bertelli, G. Sergi, J. Mitchell, H. Kessler, P. Leveto-Jabr. and H. Belting. Contact: Segreteria Organizzative, Sovrintendenza ai Beni Culturali, R.A.V.A., Pi- azza Narbonne, 1, 1 1 1 10 Aosta; telephone 01651303737.

May 22-23: Voix d'Europe en Ouest. Souffles d'Ouest vers I'Europe, was held at the UniversitC d'Angers. Contact: Comite d'organisation du colloque L'Europe a I'Ouest, Secretariat des Centres de Recherches, Facult6 des Lettres, Langues et Sciences Humaines, 1 1, Bd Lavoisier, 49045 Angers Cedex 0 1 France.

June 25-July 3: Reading and the Arts of the Book was the subject of a conference sponsored by the Getty Center for the History of Art and the Humanities, in collaboration with other entities of the J. Paul Getty Trust. Contact: J.M. Edelstein, Getty Center for the History of Art and the Humanities, 401 Wilshire Blvd., Santa Monica, CA 9040 1 ; 3011458-98 1 1.

July 1-2: Devouring the Text: Food in Italian Literature, History and the Visual Arts, was the topic of the Italian Studies

Conference at the University of Melbourne. Contact: S. Kolsky, Italian Studies, Univ. of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.

July 6-8: Peace, Unification and Prosperity: The Advance- ment of Learning in the Seventeenth Century was the subject of a conference in Sheffield, England. Contact: HPP Conference, Hartlib Papers Project, Univ. of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN England.

July 10-12: The Making of the Medieval Book, the 1992 Conference in the History of the Book to 1500, met in Oxford; and included papers by: S. von Daum Tho11 and E. Rodriguez Diaz on codicology; M. Gullick and N. Golob on writing and revising; J. Harmon and J. Holladay on design and decoration; A. Petzold, D. Oltrogge, R. Fuchs and S. Dormer on pigment analysis; M. Frinta and M. Hulsmann on finishing touches; and V. Marshall, J. Szirmai and J. Sheppard on binding. Contact: P. Smith, 18 St John Street, Oxford OX1 2LQ; telephone 08651 510628.

July 15-20: The Twenty-Eighth International Congress of the History of Art was held in Berlin. Sessions included: Models of Artistic Exchange; Regions, Nations and International Cur- rents in Central and Eastern European Art, 1250-1500; The Courtly Body in Medieval European Art; The Islamic Arts of Spain; Pictorial Mimesis before and after 1500; ; Modernity, Marginality and Tradition in Islamic Architecture; Artists and Emigration. Contact: CIHA (Comitk Internationale d'Histoire de I'Art), Prof. Dr. T.W. Gaehtgens, Kunsthistorisches Institut der Freien Univ. Berlin, Morgensternstrasse 2-3, D- 1000 Berlin 45, Germany.

Aug. 15-2 1: International Conference of Maritime History at Liverpool, England. Contact: L.R. Fischer. Memorial Univ. of Newfoundland, St. Johns, Newfoundland A1 C 5S7, Canada.

Aug. 25-30: International Academic Conference on Chinese Scientific and Technical History was held in Hangzhou; topics included: exchange and comparative research onChinese -and foreign scientific and technological history; traditional Chinese science and technology and modem society; and the achievements of Li Yan, Qian Baozong, Joseph Needharn, and Sou NeiQing in scientific and technological research. Contact: Secre- tariat of the International Academic Conference on the Chinese Scientific and Technical History, 211 Yan'an Road, 310006 Hangzhou, People's Republic of China..

Fall, 1992: Seminars at the Folger Institute, sponsored by the Folger Shakespeare Library, included: Researching the Renais- sance, directed by L. Bamoll (Univ. of Maryland); Imagination, Art, Progeny: Theories of Generation (1500-1800), directed by M.-H. Huet (Amherst College); Travellours' Histories: Euro- pean Representations of New World Cultures, directed by S. Mullaney (Univ. of Michigan-Ann Arbor); and the Fall Shakespeare Center Workshop (Nov. 13-14) on Fictions of the Pose: Problems in the Politics of Self-Representation in Early Modern Culture, conducted by H. Berger, Jr. (Univ. of Califor- nia-Santa Cruz). Contact: The Folger Institute, The Folger Shakespeare Library, 201 East Capitol Street SE, Washington, DC 20003; 2021544-4600.

Sept. 3-6: Education, Physical Activities, and Sport in a Historical Perspective was held in Barcelona at the Institut Nacional D'Educacib Rsica, Esplungues de Llobregat. Contact:

Pere Sola i Gussinyer, ISCHE XIV Department de Ciencies de I'Educacio, facultat de Filosofia i Lletres, Univ. Autonorna de Barcelona, 08193 Bellatema (Barcelona), Spain.

Sept. 14-19: A colloquium, Le sabbat des sorciers en Europe (XV-XVIII siecles), was held at Saint-Cloud. Contact: N. Jacques-Chaquin, 146 Bd Magenta, 75010 Paris, France.

Sept. 17-19: Learning Institutionalized: Teaching in the Medieval University was held at the Medieval Institute at the University of Notre Dame. A.L. Gabriel (Notre Dame) gave a public address on The Iconography of Teaching in Medieval and Renaissance Universities. Speakers included: J. Van Engen (Notre Dame), J. Verger, (Paris), J. Fried (Frankfurt), M. Sheehan (Oxford), 0. Weijers (The Hague), K.M. Fredborg (Copenhagen), J. Ziolkowski (Haward), K. Tachau (Iowa), C. Crisciani (Milan), C. O'Boyle (Notre Dame), S.D. Dumont (Pontifical Institute, Toronto), J. Hackett (South Carolina), M. Jordan (Notre Dame), A. Gouron (Montpellier), J. Brundage (Kansas), J. Miethke (Heidelburg), L. Smith (Oxford), W. Courtenay (Wisconsin- Madison), J. Goering (Toronto), K. Emery, Jr. (Notre Dame). Contact: Learning Institutionalized, Center for Continuing Edu- cation, Box 1008, Notre Dame, IN 46556; 2191329-6691.

Sept. 24-26: Textiles in Daily Life was the focus of the Textile Society of America's third biennial symposium at the Seattle Art Museum's new downtown unit. Panels considered such themes as the reconstruction of daily life through archaeological textiles and textiles in the daily lives of artisans. Contact: S. Baizerman, 2236 Commonwealth Ave., St. Paul, MN 55 108.

Sept. 28: Sport Through the Ages was the theme of a celebration at the Hill Monastic Manuscript Library, featuring sport in the Middle Ages and Renaissance. Contact: Julian G. Plante, Execu- tive Director, HMML, Saint John's Univ., Collegeville, MN 5632 1.

Oct. 2: Byzantine Humanism and Hesychasm: Relation and Contrast to Western Scholasticism, and to the Italian Renais- sance was the theme of the eleventh International Patristic- Byzantine Symposium. Contact: C. Tsirpanlis. 12 Minuet Lane, Kingston, NY 12401; 91413364797 or 71 81331-7912.

Oct. 8-1 1: Agents of Change: The Jesuits and Encounters of Two Worlds, was held at Loyola University, Chicago. Contact: Dept. of History, Loyola Univ., 6525 N. Sheridan Rd., Chicago, IL 60626.

Oct. 9-10: The Nineteenth Saint Louis Conference on Manu- script Studies was held at Saint Louis University. Contact: Conference Committee, Manuscripta, Pius XI1 Memorial Li- brary, St. Louis Univ., 3650 Lindell Blvd., St. Louis MO 63108.

Oct. 14-17: Hispanic Philosophy in the Age of Discovery, cosponsored by the National Endowment for the Humanities, was held at the Life Cycle Institute of the Catholic University of America. Contact: J.P. Dougherty, School of Philosophy, The Catholic University of America, Washington, D.C. 20064; 2021 3 19-5259.

Oct. 15-17: Celebrating American Collectors of Rare Manu- scripts: A Symposium in Honor of Franklin D. Murphy. Contact: E. Duncan, The Getty Center for the History of Art and the Humanities, 401 Wilshire Blvd., Sta. Monica, CA 90401- 1455.

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Oct. 16-17: Reason, Reasoning, and Literature in the Re- naissance (France and Italy), was held at the Newport Library, Chicago. Participants included: J.C. Carron (California-Los Angeles), M.-L. Demonet-Launay (Clermont Ferrand), P. Desan (Chicago), G. Hoffmann (Boston Univ.), V. Kahn (Princeton), U. Langer (Wisconsin-Madison), J. Miernowski (Wisconsin-Madi- son), M. Murrin (Chicago), S. Noakes (Minnesota), J. O'Brien (Liverpool), M. Rothstein (Carthage), T. Sankovitch (North- western), J.L. Smarr (Illinois-Urbana), A. Tournon (Aix-en- Provence), and C. Winn (Washington). Contact: P. Desan, Dept. of Romance Languages, Univ. of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637.

Oct. 16-18: The Word and World of Discovery: The Colum- bus Quincentennial 1492-1992 was held in Atlanta, focussing on theoretical speculation and textual analysis of discovery in literature, history, philosophy and the visual arts. Contact: G. Gannon, Conference Director, English Dept., West Georgia College, Carrollton, GA 301 18; 4041836-6512.

Oct. 23-25: Columbusand the Medieval MaritimeTradition: European and Islamic Perspectives, the nineteenth New Eng- land Medieval Conference, was held at the Peabody & Essex Museum. Contact: E. Silverman, Peabody & Essex Museum, East India Sq., Salem MA 01970-0783; 508/745-1876; FAX 508/744-6776.

Oct. 24-25: Disaster Prevention, Response, and Recovery: Principles and Procedures for Protecting and Preserving HistoricICultural Properties and Collections was a conference held at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. All lecturers are involved in safeguarding historic/cultural works and sites from damage from natural and human-induced hazards. Contact: Technology and Conservation, One Emerson Pl., 16 M, Boston. MA 021 14.

Oct. 25: Medieval Studies and the Modern Trinity: Race, Class, and Gender was the topic of the third annual Columbia Medieval Guild Conference, which considered the application of these categories in medieval studies. Contact: Columbia Medi- eval Guild, Dept. of English and Comparative Literature, 602 Philosophy Hall, Columbia Univ., New York NY 10027.

Oct. 28-31: The Museum Computing Network met in Pitts- burgh, in conjunction with the American Society for Information Science, with sessions and workshops on all aspects of museum computing. Contact: L. Cox, MCN, 5001 Baum Blvd., Pitts- burgh, PA 15213-1851; 4121681-1818.

Oct. 29-Nov. 1 : Science, Technology, and the Arts 1650-1850 was an international symposium sponsored by the Royal Society of Canada. Contact: Secretary, Dept. of Art, Queen's University: 6131545-6166.

Oct. 31-Nov. 1: The Archaeology of Ships of War was a conference sponsored by the World Ship Trust, Oxford Univer- sity MARE, the National Maritime Museum, and The Nautical Archaeology Society, included papers on naval auxiliaries, dock- yards, ordnance at sea, armed merchant ships, and submarines. Contact, S. Draper, National Maritime Museum, Greenwich, London SE 10 9NF, England.

Nov. 8-1 1: Crisis and Creativity in the Sephardic World, 1391-1648, cosponsored by the National Endowment for the Humanities, was held at the Jewish Theological Seminary of America at Columbia University. Contact: B.R. Gampel, The

Jewish Theological Seminary of America, 3080 Broadway, New York, NY 10027; 2 121678-8000.

Nov. 9-1 1: Continuities and Transformations in Culture: 145G1500. Assessing the Legacy of Antoine Busnoys, at the University of Notre Dame. Contact: P. Higgins, Dept. of Music, Univ. of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556.

Nov. 13-1 5: The Fourth Conference on the History of Illumi- nated Manuscripts, I1 codice miniato laico: Rapporto fra testo e immagine, was held at the Palazzo Casali in Cortona, Italy. Contact: M.C. Castelli, via del Salvatore, 1, 52044 Cortona; 05751603768; or M. Ceccantiviaa. Stoppani, 38,501 3 1 Firenze; 0551572173.

Dec. 5: Public Structures: Shaping the World in the Middle Ages and the Renaissance was the theme of the Thirteenth Barnard Medieval and Renaissance Conference. Plenary speakers were S. MacCormack, M. Carmthers, and P. Stallybrass. Contact: B.G. Kneller, Medieval and Renaissance Conference, 3009 Broadway, New York, NY 10027-6598; 2121854-7489.

Spring 1993: Seminars at the Folger Institute, sponsored by the Folger Shakespeare Library, will include: The Imperial Theme: Shakespeare and the Designs of Empire, directed by M. Neil1 (Auckland); The Historical Imagination in the English Renais- sance, directed by D.H. Sacks (Reed); Renaissance Musical Magic and the Historiography of Otherness, directed by Gary Tomlinson (Pennsylvania); and Renaissance Paleography in England, directed by L. Yeandle (Folger Shakespeare Library). Contact: Folger Institute, The Folger Shakespeare Library, 201 East Capitol St. SE, Washington, DC 20003; 2021544-4600.

Spring 1993: UCLA Center for Medieval and Renaissance Studies will sponsor a series of lectures and conferences that will include: P. Vandermeersch, From the Devil to Descartes: Chang- ing Concepts of the Body (9 Feb.); Pirates and Piracy: A Northern European Response to the Papal Division of the Earth (1 1 Feb.); Religion and Literary Culture in the English Renais- sance (4-6 Mar.); D. Jetter, The Hospital in the Age of Columbus (9 Mar.); Marlowe: Poet, Dramathist, Atheist (12 Mar.); M. Mathias, Native American Medicinal Plants (20 Apr.); A. Carmichael, A Plague on Both Your Houses: Syphilis in the Age of Columbus (25 May); The Politics ofFamily and State (4 June); Ballads and Boundaries: Narrative Singing in an Intercultural Context (21-24 June). For further information for this series as well as the events of the Quincentenary Programs , contact UCLA Center for Medieval and Renaissance Studies, 2 12 Royce Hall, University of California, 405 Hilgard Avenue, Los Ange- les. CA 90024-1485

Feb. 19-20, 1993: Performance Aspects of Medieval Arts and Learning, a conference, will be held at the Centre for Medieval Studies of the University of Toronto. The conference will examine performance elements over the entire range of medieval studies. Speakers include Peter Meredith and Bruno Roy; there will also be a performance by Sine Nomine, ensemble in resi- dence at the Pontifical Institute for Mediaeval Studies. Contact: Centre for Medieval Studies, Univ. of Toronto, 39 Queen's Park Cres. E., Toronto, Ont. M5S 2C3; 4161978-2380.

Feb. 20, 1993: Four Last Things: Death, Judgment, Heaven, and Hell in the Middle Ages will be the focus of the tenth annual meeting of the Illinois Medieval Association. The featured speaker will be Fred Robinson. An associated exhibit of early printed

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editions of medieval literary and historical texts will be presented by the Newberry Library.

Mar. 5, 1993: True Stories: Narrative, Image, History in the Later Middle Ages will be the topic of a conference presented by the Medieval Club of New York. The keynote speaker will be F.P. van Oostrom (Leiden). Contact, D. Marks, Dept. of English, Brooklyn College, Bedford Ave. and Ave. H, Brooklyn, NY 1 1210; or M. Driver, LitICom, Alumni House, Pace Univ., 78 N. Broadway, White Plains, NY 10603; 9141422-4179.

Mar. 54,1993: Communities and Ideas of Community in the Middle Ages, an interdisciplinary conference, will be held at the Center for Medieval Studies at Fordham University. Contact: T. Fenster, Director, Center for Medieval Studies, Keating 107, Fordham Univ., Bronx, NY 10458.

Mar. 6, 1993: The University of Arizona Art History Gradu- ate Student Association's Fourth Annual Graduate Student Symposium invites submissions for twenty-minute papers which take alternative or multi-disciplinary approaches to the study of art history. Contact: G. Shiffrar, Art History Graduate Student Symposium, Univ. of Arizona, Dept. of Art, Tucson, AZ 85721.

Mar. 9-1 1,1993: ViaScoti: Methodologicaad mentemIohannis Duns Scoti, an international conference, will be held in Rome. Contact: Congressus Scotisticus Internationalis, Via Merulana, 124,00185 Rome, Italy.

Mar. 25-27, 1993: The South-Central Renaissance Confer- ence will meet at Trinity University, San Antonio. Special topics are: Religion and Culture in Renaissance Italy, Images of Euro- American Encounter, and Renaissance Life-Writing. Contact: S. Krantz, 2607 Van Dyke Ave., Raleigh, NC 27607.

Mar. 25-28, 1993: "There the whole palace open'd": Court and Society in Jacobean England is the title of the Ohio Shakespeare Conference. Contact: D. Evett, Dept. of English, Cleveland State Univ., Cleveland, OH 441 15.

Apr. 2-3,1993: Saints and their Cults in the Middle Ages will be the subject of the Twentieth Annual Sewanee Mediaeval Colloquium. Principle lecturers will be P. Geary (Florida) and S. Wenzel (Pennsylvania). Sewanee Mediaeval Colloquium, The Univ. of the South, 735 University Ave., Sewanee, TN, 37375- 1000.

Apr. 15-17. 1993: The Renaissance Society of America will hold its annual meeting, in conjunction with the Regional Central Renaissance Conference, in Kansas City. The focus of the conference will be on connections between the visual arts and the history of science. Contact: B.L. Dunbar, Office of Academic Affairs, Univ. of Missouri-Kansas City, 5100 Rockhill Rd., Kansas City, MO 641 1 1-2499; 8 161235-253 1.

Apr. 22-24, 1993: National Identity and the Arts will be the focus of the eighty-second annual meeting of the Society for the Advancement of Scandinavian Studies, at the University of Texas. Contact: SASS Program Committee, Dept. of Germanic Languages, Univ. of Texas-Austin, Austin, TX 78712-1 190.

May I, 1993: Memory and the Arts, a symposium offering new and diverse perspectives on future directions for studies of thears

memorandi in the Middle Ages, will be held at the Newbeny Library Center for Renaissance Studies. Participants will include: M. Carruthers (New York), R, Copeland (Minnesota), J. Enders (Illinois-Chicago), W.E. Engel (Vanderbilt), M. Johnson (Illinois State), M. Leff (Northwestern), T. Lerud (Elmhurst), D. Marshall (Illinois-Chicago), D. Russell (Pittsburgh), J. Schaeffer (Northern Illinois), D. Troll (Carnegie Mellon), and M. Schechtman (Illinois-Chicago). Contact: Newberry Library Center for Renaissance Studies, 60 W. Walton St., Chicago, IL 60610- 3380; 3 121943-9090.

May 6-9, 1993: The Heroic and Anti-Heroic Body in Medi- eval Art will be the topic of sessions considering gender roles in medieval art, sponsored by the International Center for Medieval Art at the Twenty-Eighth International Congress on Medieval Studies at Western Michigan Universtiy, Kalamazoo. Contact: P. Sheingorn, Art Dept., Box 281, Baruch College, CUNY, 17 Lexington Ave., New York, NY 10010; or D. Wolfthal, Dept. of Art History, Manhattanvillecollege, 125 Purchase St., Purchase, NY 10577.

June 3 4 , 1993: The International Society for the Compara- tive Study of Civilization will meet at the University of Scranton. Topics will include: Considering Civilizations Past, Present and Future; Strategies for Teaching about Civilizations; Ways to View Civilizations: and Special Problems and Processes in Civilization Studies. Contact: R. Lewis, Program Chair, Eastern Kentucky Univ., Coll. of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Keith 323, Richmond, KY 40475-3 1 19; 6061622-1365.

June 21-25, 1993: XV International Conference on the His- tory of Cartography will be held in Chicago and Milwaukee. Contact: The Hermon Dunlap Smith Center for the History of Cartography, The Newberry Library, 60 W. Walton St., Chicago, IL 606 10-3380; 3 1 21943-9090.

June 28-Aug. 6, 1993: The 1993 Summer Institute in Italian Archival Sciences will be held at the Newberry Library Center for Renaissance Studies, for intensive training in the reading, transcribing and editing of Italian vernacular manuscripts (1300- 1650). The course will be conducted in Italian. Stipends are available by application to faculty, research scholars and graduate students at institutions affiliated either with the Center or with the Folger Institute. Deadline: March 1,1993. Contact: Newberry Library Center for Renaissance Studies, 60 W. Walton St., Chicago, IL 60610-3380; 3 121943-9090.

July 12-15, 1993: Ways of Looking: Production and Presen- tation of Books and Manuscripts, 1300-1550 will be sponsored by the Early Book Society at the University of Sheffield. Possible topics include: apparatus, text presentation, regional book production, style, illustration, owners and readers, and changes in text organization from manuscript to print. Contact: M. Driver. Lit/Com, Alumni House, Pace Univ., 78 N. Broad- way, White Plains, NY 10603; or J. Boffey, Dept. of English, Queen Mary College, Univ. of London, Mile End Rd., London E l 4NS, England.

Aug. 2-7, 1993: the sixth meeting of the International Society of Anglo-Saxonists will be held at Wadham College, Oxford. The conference theme will be "Culture and Social Context." Cotact: M. Godden, ISAS Meeting, Pembroke College, Oxford, OX1 IDW, England.

Page 17

Aug. 15-21, 1993: Third International Congress on Word and Image will convene at Carleton University, Ottawa; center- ing on the coexistence of words and images in one (not necessarily aesthetic) object: the interface and fusion of word and image. Contact: A.W. Halsal1D.A. Goodreau, Centre for Rhetorical Studies, 161 1 Dunton Tower, Carleton Univ., Ottawa, Ont., K1S 5B6, Canada.

Aug. 22-29, 1993: The XIXth International Conference on the History of Science will be held in Zaragoza, Spain. Sessions

I will include: Science, Technology and Colonialism (R2); Sci- ence and War (R5); Invention and Technology in Medieval

I China (TI); Metallurgy in Ancient China and India (T2); and Science, Technology and Engineering (T6). Deadlines are No- vember 30,1992 for paper proposals; February 28,1993 for early registration. Contact: Congress Office, Facultad de Ciencias (Matemhticas), Ciudad Universitaria, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; telephone: 761357 180; FAX 761 565852; e-mail: [email protected].

Aug. 27-28,1993: Women and the Book in the Middle Ages, an interdisciplinary colloquium, will be offered as part of the St. Hilda's College centenary celebrations and will focus on all aspects of women and books in the Middle Ages. Abstracts and inquiries should be sent to: J. Taylor, St. Hilda's College, Oxford OX1 3JA; or L. Smith, Liacre College, Oxford OX1 3JA, England, by December 1, 1992.

Sept. 8-10,1993: Flanders in a European Perspective. Manu- I script Illumination around 1400 in Flanders and Abroad, a

colloquium sponsored by the Center for the Study of the Illumi- nated Manuscript in the Low Countries, is planned in conjunction with a major exhibit of manuscripts. Contact: Conference Secre- tariat, International Colloquium: Flanders in a European Per- spective, c/o Timshel Conference Service, J.B. Monsstraat 4, B- 3000 Leuven, Belgium; telephone 32-16-29.00.10; FAX 32-16- 29.05.10.

Sept. 8-1 1,1993: International Conference on Technological Change will be held in Rhodes House at Oxford University. Papers will cover all periods from antiquity to the present, with emphasis on problems of broad interest, in particular on method- ology and the interdisciplinary and comparative perspectives that are increasingly of concern to historians of technology. Contact: R. Fox, Modem History Facility, Broad Street, Oxford OX1 3BD, England.

Sept. 24-25, 1993: Portraiture and the Problematics of Rep- resentation is the subject of a conference to be held at the Whitworth Art Gallery, Manchester. Portraiture will be ad- dressed as a set of cultural practices peculiar to specific societies and groups: how portraits serve to produce and define identities; why and how particular portrait modes have been invented and deployed by specific social groups from antiquity to the present; the role of portraiture in the formation and maintenance of power relations; the significance of the act of portrayal; the concept of convincing likeness; reading character from appearance; portraiture as counterfeit; and the interactions between portraits and their verbal counterparts. Contact: M. Pointon, Dept. of History of Art, Univ. of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, England; or J. Woodall, Courtauld Institute of Art, Somerset House, Strand, London WC2R ORN, England.

Exhibits:

Depth Studies: Illustrated Anatomies from Vesalius to Vicq d'Azyr: April 2-4, 1992 at the Center for Imaging Science, University of Chicago, in conjunction with the conference, Imaging the Body: Art and Science in Modern Culture. Contact: B.M. Stafford, Dept. of Art History, Univ. of Chicago.

Maps and the Columbian Encounter: Apr. 2-4, 1992, at the Snite Museum, University of Notre Dame, in conjunction with the conference The Old World Meets the New: 1492-1992.

The Passion of Christ in Medieval and Renaissance Manu- scripts: Apr. 14-June 28, 1992, at the J. Paul Getty Museum, Malibu. Contact: L. Starr or D. Yarfitz, The J. Paul Getty Museum, P.O. Box 2 1 12, Sta. Monica, CA 90406; 2131459- 761 1.

First Encounters: Spanish Explorers in the Caribbean and the United States, 1492-1570: to May 7, 1992 at the Cincinnati Museum of Natural History (51 31621 -3889), later in St. Paul. A catalogue is available.

Textiles from Egypt, Syria and Spain: 7th Through 15th Centuries: until Autumn, 1992, at the Cleveland Museum of Art; an exhibit of Islamic textiles from the Museum's collections. Contact: Cleveland Museum of Art; 2 161421 -7340.

London's Fleet Valley Lost and Found at the Holbom Viaduct Station, Holbom Viaduct ECl London, to the end of 1992. Objects unearthed by Museum of London archaeologists during excavations at Rosehaugh Stanhope Developments' Ludgate site between 1988 and 1991, showing evidence of Roman, Saxon, and medieval occupation.

Gates of Mystery: The Art of Holy Russia, the most important exhibit of medieval Russian art to travel in the West in more than sixty years, has been organized by the Walters Art Gallery (Baltimore) and Intercultura. The exhibit will be hosted by the Walters Art Gallery (Aug. 23-Oct. 18, 1992), the Princeton University Art Museum (Nov. 15-Feb. 7, 1993); the Dallas Museum of Art (Mar. 3-May 3, 1993), the Art Institute of Chicago (July 1-Sept. 1,1993), the Victoria and Albert Museum in London and the State Russian Museum in St. Petersburg (dates to be announced). A major catalogue will accompany theexhibit.

From Viking to Crusader, the Twenty-Second Council of Europe Exhibit, which originated at the Grand Palais in Paris, will be presented by the Altes Museum, Berlin (Sept. 1-Nov. 15, 1992), and then by the National Museum of Denmark (Dec. 26- Mar. 14,1993).

The Bernard H. Breslauer Collection of Manuscript Illumi- nations, opening Dec. 9, 1992 at the Pierpont Morgan Library, New York; an important collection of single leaves dating from the 12th-16th centuries.

Milano e la Lombardia Communale (11th - 13th Centuries), January-May, 1993, will be hosted by the Palazzo Reale in Milan.

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The Gothic Choirstalls of Spain, a photographic exhibition, is available for the cost of shipping and insurance. It consists of forty five mounted photographs of Spanish works, six of French, plus eleven sets of unframed photos, all assembled by Henry and Dorothy Kraus. Labels and texts are provided. Previ- ously shown at the Parsons School of Design, Emory University, and the Krannert Art Museum (Champaign, IL), it will be available this Spring and next Fall. For further information and a copy of the gallery guide, write Eunice Maguire, Krannert Art Museum, 500 East Peabody Drive, Champaign, IL 61 820 or call 217-333-1860. *:*

BIBLIOGRAPHY OF THE AVISTA LIBRARY The AWSTA library contains books, articles, and unpublished materials contributed by AVISTA members and others. Housed in the Quaker Collection of Magill Library, Have$ord College, Have$ord, PA 19041, the published items may be borrowed by writing to James Gulick, Reference Librarian. Unpublished material may be consulted in Magill Library. For a complete listing of the collection, consult previous issues of AVISTA FORUM. Members are encouraged to make use of the collection and to contribute copies of their writings. Please send copies of works to the attention of the Editor.

PERIODICALS

A V I ~ A FORUM 6.1 (Fall 1991lSpring 1992)

Medium Aevum Quotidianum Ed. by Gerhard Jaritz, Gesellschaft zur Erforschung der materiellen Kultur des Minelalters, Komermarkt 13, A-3500 Krems, Austria:

Vo1.25 (1992). Contents: Zwanzig JahreInstitutfurRealienkunde. Des Mittelalters und der friihen Neuzeit der ~sterreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften. ISBN 3 90 1094 04 0. [Includes a list of publications by their associates.]

Vo1.26 (1992). Contents: Images and Manuscripts in Historical Computing, ed. by Manfred Thaller. Issued simultaneously as Max-Planck-Institut fiir Geschichte, Serie A: Historische Quellenkunden, Bd. 14. St.Katharinen: ScriptaMercaturae Verlag, 1992. ISBN 3 928 134 53 1.

ARTICLES, PAPERS, BRIEF NOTICES

Sudhoff, Walther. Die Lehre von den Hirnventrikeln in textlicher undgraphischer Tradition des Altertums und Mittelalters. Archiv fiir Geschichte der Medizin VII.3 (August 1913): 149-205.

Zupko, Ronald Edward. British Weights and Measures: the Influence of Science and Technology during the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries, in Die historische Metrologie in den Wissenschaften, ed. Harald Witthoft et al. St.Katharinen: Scripta Mercaturae Verlag. 1986. Offprint. pp.145-58.

-. (Conference Report.) The Role of Measurement Standards in Human Civilization, Budapest, April 27-30,1976. Technol- ogy and Culture 18.3 (July 1974): 498-502.

-. English Weights and Measures: the Historical Evolution from Roman to Metric Standards. Technikatorteneti Szemle (Proceedings of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences) 10 (1978): 21 1-21.

-. Medieval English Weights and Measures: Variation and Standardization. Studiesin Medieval Culture4.2(1974): 238-43.

. (The Metric System in Historical Perspective.) Worldwide Dissemination of the Metric System during the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries. Metric System Guide Bulletin 11.2 (Dec. 1974): 14-25.

-. The Metric System in the United States: From Debate to Conversion. Technikatorteneti Szemle (Proceedings of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences) 10 (1978): 223-29.

. The Origin and Development of the Metric System in France: An Historical Outline. Metric System Guide Bulletin 1 1.1 (Nov. 1974): 25-31.

-.A Short History of the Metricsystem in the Unitedstates, 1790 to 1974. Metric System Guide Bulletin 12 (Oct. 1974): 3-9.

Benton, Janetta Rebold. The Medieval Menagerie. Animals in the Art of the Middle Ages. New YorldLondonlParis: Abbeville Press, 1992. 191pp. ISBN 1 55859 133 8.

Homann, Frederick A., S.J., trans and ed. Practical Geometry [Practica Geometriae] Attributed to Hugh of St. Victor. [Medieval Philosophical Texts in Translation, No.29, ed. Roland J. Teske et a!.] Milwaukee: Marquene LTP, 199 1 . 9 6 ~ ~ . ISBN 0 87462 232 8.

Zupko, Ronald Edward. French Weights and Measures Before the Revolution: A Dictionary of Provincial and Local Units. Bloomington/London: Indiana UP, 1978. 208pp. ISBN 0 253 32480 7. 9

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The deadline for the Spring 1993 issue is 1 April 1993. Please send your contribution to the appropriate editors or to the Editor-in-Chief

Editor-in-Chief Michael T. Davis, 233 Mosier Street, South Hadley, MA 01075

Article Reviews Pamela 0. Long, 3100 Connecticut Ave, NW, #137, (Science & Technology) Washington, DC 20008

(Art and Architecture) Robert D. Russell, 1640 Knight Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48 103

Notes and Queries send to Editor-in-Chief

News, Papers, Activities Carol Neuman de Vegvar, Fine Arts Dept., Ohio Weslyan University, Delaware, OH 43015

I Join AVISTA I I Membership application - includes subscription to AVISTA FORUM. I I

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Address: I

Send check, payable to AVISTA, to Richard Sundt, Art History Dept., Univ. of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403 1 Individual members: $20 per year. Past issues of AVISTA FORUM available at I Libraries and institutions: $25 per year. $3.00 to members and $6.00 to non-members I Students, retired, unemployed: $15 per year. and institutions. I

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Documents

Medieval Technology, Science, and Art - AVISTAMedieval Technology, Science, and Art Volume 6 Number 2 Fall 1992 / Winter 1993 A NOTE FROM THE PRESIDENT Warren Sanderson Concordia University,