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SQL/400

Tips and Tricks

Bill FortenberryBooks A Million

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Why?

Industry standard / Cross platform

Learn four statements / Big payback

Interactive SQL

Embedded SQL / Dynamic SQL

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CUSTOMER LISTING

STATE: AL

BY DESC YTD ORDERS

CUST NAME ORDERS SALES REP------------ ------ --------------

ABC Corp. 75 Freddy Smith

Smith & Smith 63 Joe JacksonDEF Company 55 < Not Found >

E&F Inc. 40 Freddy Smith

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Select cusmst.cunamecusmst.cuytdc

Ifnull(repmst.rename,

< Not Found >)

From cusmst left outer join repmst

on cusmst.curep = repmst.rerep

Where custat = :StateID

Order by 2 desc, 1

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Select cusmst.cuname

cusmst.cuytdd /

cusmst.cuytdd


< Not Found >)

From cusmst left outer join repmst


Where custat = :StateIDOrder by 2 desc, 1

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Select cusmst.cuname

cusmst.cuytdd /

cusmst.cuytdd


< Not Found >)From cusmst left outer join

repmst


Where custat = :StateID

Order by 3, 1

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Select * from invmst

Select inumbr, idept, idesc

from invmst


from invmst

where istat = A

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from invmst

where istat = A

order by inumbr

Select inumbr, idept, upper(idesc),qtyohd * avgcst as invval

from invmst

where istat = A and ibuyer 173

order by idept desc, inumbr

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Delete from invmst

Delete from invmstwhere idept = 12

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Insert into cumast

(cunbr, cuname, cucity)

Values

(678987, Atlas Inc., Birmingham)

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Insert into cumast

(cunbr, cuname, cucity)

select cwidno, cwcnam, cutown

from newcuswhere cutown = Atlanta

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Update cumast

set cuname = Acme Builders,cudisc = cudisc + .01

where custid = 123456

Update customer

set row = (Atlas, 13246,

Meridian)

where custid = 2354

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Interactive SQL

Allows prompting for statement syntax.

Good learning tool.

Reduces the need for fixit programs.

Programming tool for Embedded SQL.

Allows you to quickly destroy data.

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Convert Select to Delete1. Press F9 to retrieve the select command.

Select * from ordhdr where ohornm = 123456

2. Type DELETE over SELEC

T *.Delete from ordhdr where ohornm = 123456

3. Press enter.

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Convert Select to Insert

1. Press F9 to retrieve the select command.

Select * from orddtl where odornm = 123456

2. Press F15 to push the select statement down a line, then type theinsert command.

insert into mylib/orddtl

Select * from orddtl where odornm = 123456

3. Press enter.

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Convert Select to Update

1. Press F9 to retrieve the select command.Select * from orddtl where odornm = 123456

2. Type UPDATE over SELECT and use the delete key to remove *FROM.

update orddtl where odornm = 123456

3. Place the cursor on the W in where, and press F15 twice. This will splitthe statement at the where clause and push it down two lines.

update orddtl

where odornm = 123456

4. Use the blank line for your set clause.

update orddtl

set odstat = P

where odornm = 123456

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Static SQL

C/Exec SQL C+ Update cumast

C+ set cuname = Acme Builders

C+ where cunmbr = 12345

C/End-Exec

C/Exec SQL

C+ Update cumast

C+ set cuname = :NewName

C+ where cunmbr = :Customer

C/End-Exec

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RPG code to delete recordsC OrderNum chain rordhdr

C if %found

C delete rordhdr

C endif

CC OrderNum setll rorddtl

C OrderNum reade rorddtl

C dow not %eof

C delete rorddtlC OrderNum reade rorddtl

C enddo

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SQL code to delete records

C/Exec SQLC+ Delete from ordhdr

C+ where ohornm = :OrderNum

C/End-Exec

C/Exec SQL

C+ Delete from orddtl

C+ where odornm = :OrderNum

C/End-Exec

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Selecting one row from a table

C/Exec SQL

C+ Select idept, idescr

C+ Into :DeptNum, :SkuDescr

C+ From invmst

C+ Where inumbr = :SkuNumber

C/End-Exec

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Selecting multiple rows* Declare the cursor

C/Exec SQL

C+ Declare c1 Cursor for

C+ Select inumbr, idept, idescr

C+ From invmstC+ Where idept = :DeptNumbr

C/End-Exec

* Open the cursorC/Exec SQL

C+ Open c1

C/End-Exec

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* Fetch rows into host fields until

* SQLStt indicates an error

C dow SQLStt = '00000'

C/Exec SQL

C+ fetch next

C+ from c1

C+ into :inumbr, :idept, :idescrC/End-Exec

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* If the status field is OK

* then process this record.

C if SQLStt = '00000'

C exsr ProcessRecord

C endif

* fetch next row

C enddo

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* Close the cursor

C/Exec SQL

C+ close c1C/End-Exec

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Calculated

Column Values

Select skunum,

upper(idesc),

qtyoh,

avgcst,

qtyoh * avgcst

from invmst

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Using a literal column valueinsert into taxdpt

select 123, txdept, txflag

from taxdpt

where txstrn = 734

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Using row functions in RPG

C eval JDEdate = 102003

C/Exec SQL

C+ set :ISOdate = DATE(DIGITS(DECIMAL(

C+ :JDEdate+1900000,7,0)))

C/End-Exec

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Counting the records in a file

select count(*) from invmst

COUNT ( * )

530,610

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Department Subtotals

select idept, count(*)

from invmst

group by idept

order by idept

Department COUNT ( * )

1 30,610

2 26,416

3 74,297

5 23,272

6 40,789

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Limiting groups with Having

select idept, count(*)

from invmstgroup by idept

having count(*) < 50000

order by idept

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Selecting records with a subquery

select cunmbr, cuname

from cusmstwhere cuytds > (select avg(cuytds)

from cusmst)

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Using a correlated subqueryselect cunmbr, cuname

from cusmst as c1

where cuytds > (select avg(cuytds)

from cusmst as c2

where c2.custat =

c1.custat)

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TheIn Predicate

Select * from orddtl

where odsku in (select skunbrfrom invmst

where idept = 4)

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The Exists Predicateupdate cuswrk

set curnme =

(select rpname from slsrep

where cuswrk.repnum =slsrep.repnum)

where exists (select * from slsrepwhere cuswrk.repnum =

slsrep.repnum)

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Old Join Syntaxselect ordhdr.ohornm,

ordhdr.ohcusn,

cusmst.cunamefrom ordhdr, cusmst

where ordhdr.ohstat = O and

ordhdr.ohcusn = cusmst.cusnmr

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N

ew Join Syntaxselect ordhdr.ohornm,

ordhdr.ohcusn,

cusmst.cunamefrom ordhdr join cusmst

on ordhdr.ohcusn = cusmst.cusnmr

where ordhdr.ohstat = O

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Join Types JOIN orINNER JOIN

Each row in table to left will be joined with one or

more rows in table to right using the joincondition. Any rows in left table that do not have

corresponding rows in the right table will not be in

the result table. Produces the same results as

separating the tables with a comma and using thewhere clause to provide the join condition.

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Join Types LEFT JOIN or LEFT OUTER JOIN

Each row in table to left will be joined with one or

more rows in table to right using the joincondition. Any rows in left table that do not have

corresponding rows in the right table will be in the

result table with null values for fields from the

right table.

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Join Types EXCEPTION JOIN

Only rows in the left table that have no

corresponding row in the right table using the joincondition will be in the result table. Nulls are

returned for any fields from the right table.

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Join Types CROSS JOIN

Each row in the left table will be joined with each

row in the right table. The ON condition is notused for a cross join.

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Percent of Total Report

IVDEPT IVSKU IVONHD IVACST

3 928564 126 .95

1 214843 26 3.45

1 245279 78 2.33

3 983521 39 3.78

6 394856 132 .28

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Department Totals Select

Statement

select ivdept , sum(ivonhd*ivacst)

from invmst

group by ivdept

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with depttotals (deptnum, depttot)

as (select ivdept,sum(ivonhd*ivacst)

from invmst

group by ivdept)

select i.ivdept, i.ivsku, i.ivonhd,i.ivacst, d.depttot

from invmst as i

join depttotals as d

on i.ivdept=d.deptnumorder by 1,2

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The final result table

IVDEPT IVSKU IVONH IVACST DEPTTOT

1 214843 26 3.45 271.44

1 245279 78 2.33 271.443 928564 126 .95 267.12

3 983521 39 3.78 267.12

6 394856 132 .28 36.96

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The Union Clause

Select Test, inumbr, ivohnd

from testlib/invmst

Union

Select Live, inumbr, ivohnd

from livelib/invmst

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I

nventory FileIVDEPT IVSKU IVONHD IVACST

3 928564 126 .95

1 214843 26 3.45

1 245279 78 2.33

3 983521 39 3.78

6 394856 132 .28

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Detail Lines

select 'd', ivdept,

ivsku,(ivonhd*ivacst)

from invmst

TYPE IVDEPT IVSKU AMOUNT

d 3 928564 119.70

d 1 214843 89.70

d 1 245279 181.74d 3 983521 147.42

d 6 394856 36.96

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Department Totals

select 's',ivdept,0,

sum(ivonhd*ivacst)

from invmst

group by 's',ivdept

TYPE IVDEPT IVSKU SUM

s 1 0 271.44s 3 0 267.12

s 6 0 36.96

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Grand Total

select 't',999,0,

sum(ivonhd*ivacst)from invmst

Type IVDEPT IVSKU SUM

t 999 0 575.52

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The complete select statement

select 'd', ivdept, ivsku,(ivonhd*ivacst)

from invmst

union all

select 's',ivdept,0,sum(ivonhd*ivacst)

from invmst

group by 's',ivdept

union all

select 't',999,0,sum(ivonhd*ivacst)from invmst

order by 2,1,3

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The final result tableTYPE IVDEPT IVSKU ONHAND

d 1 214843 89.70

d 1 245279 181.74

s 1 0 271.44

d 3 928564 119.70

d 3 983521 147.42

s 3 0 267.12

d 6 394856 36.96s 6 0 36.96

t 999 0 575.52

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Dynamic SQL

Price Download History Inquiry Screen

Sku Number ..........

Store ..........

Price Event ..........

From Date ..........

To Date ..........

The Sku number must be entered.

All other fields are optional.

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* basic statement and inumbr search clause

C eval sqlstm = 'select * from sdipluh where +

C plusku = ' +

C %trim(%editc(inumbr:'3'))

* storeC if store 0

C eval sqlstm=sqlstm+' and plustr=' +

C %trim(%editc(store:'3'))

C endif

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* event number

C if event 0

C eval sqlstm=sqlstm+' and pluevt=' +

C %trim(%editc(event:'3'))

C endif

* dates

C if datef 0

C eval sqlstm=sqlstm+

C ' and plucur between ' +

C %trim(%editc(datef:'3')) +

C ' and ' +

C %trim(%editc(datet:'3'))

C endif

* add order by clause

C eval sqlstm=sqlstm+' order by 1,2,3'

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The Prepare Statement

* prepare the cursor

C/Exec SQL

C+ Prepare dynsqlstmC+ from :sqlstm

C/End-Exec

Documents

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