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Memorial to Robert F. Black1918-1983
C A M PB E L L C R A D D O C KD epartm ent o f Geology and Geophysics, University o f Wisconsin,
Madison, Wisconsin 53706
Many attending the 1983 Annual Meeting of the Geological Society of America in Indianapolis learned to their sorrow that a good friend and respected colleague. Robert F. Black, had passed away during the previous week. Bob was on a sabbatical leave during the fall semester, and he and his wife, Nelda, had been traveling. His unexpected death occurred in Parkersburg. West Virginia, on October 25, 1983. A memorial service was held on November 19 at the Storrs Congregational Church in Connecticut; the Robert F. Black Fund has been established at the U niversity o f Connecticu t Foundation. He is survived by his wife. Nelda; sons. John and Dean; two granddaughters; five sisters; and a brother.
Bob Black was born February 1, 1918. in Dayton, Ohio. When he was two years old the family moved to Norwalk, Ohio, where his father opened an optom etry practice. With his brother and friends Bob enjoyed the outdoors; the Huron River was the focus of their activities in all the seasons. An avid reader with aretentive mind. Bob had time in high school for athletics, playing in a dance band, and aterm as class president. In the summers he worked on highway construction in Ohio (for thirty-five cents per hour) and as a redcap at West Yellowstone, where he climbed all theaccessible mountains. He entered college intending to become a civil engineer, but hesoon declared geology as his major. He received his B.A. from the College of Wooster in1940. his M.A. from Syracuse University in 1942. and his Ph.D. from Johns Hopkins University in 1953. He spent the 1942-43 academic year at the California Institute of Technology.
Bob regarded himself as a glacial and Quaternary geologist and geomorphologist, and he considered the polar and alpine regions as his natural habitat for research. He held assistantships at Wooster. Syracuse, and Caltech, and in the year 1941-42 he was a geologist for the New' York State College of Forestry. He was a field assistant for the U.S. Geological Survey in Nevada in 1943, and a geologist for the USGS in Alaska beginning in 1943. In the year 1945-46 he was geologist-in-charge at the USGS office in Fairbanks. Alaska. In 1946 he moved to the USGS office in Washington. D.C.. serving for three years as chief, Alaska Terrain and Permafrost Section, and then for four years as a research geologist. F rom 1953 to 1956 he was a foreign exchange scientist in Mexico, attached to the U.S. Geological Survey and the U.S. Embassy in Mexico City. He joined the faculty of the University of Wisconsin-Madison as an associate professor in 1956 and was promoted to professor in 1959; he taught courses in glacial geology, geomorphology, engineering geology, general geology, and field geology. He accepted a position as professor at the University of Connecticut in 1970 and remained there until his death. He taught six summers at the Juneau Icefield Institute in Alaska between 1966 and 1978.
2 T H E G E O L O G I C A ! S O C I E T Y O F A M E R I C A
Bob was a charter member and Fellow of the Arctic Institute of North America and a Fellow of the Geological Society of America and the American Geographical Society. He was a member of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, the American Geophysical Union, the American Society of Photogrammetry. the American Association of Petroleum Geologists, the American Institute of Mining and Metallurgical Engineers, the American Institute of Professional Geologists, the American Polar Society, the Association of Engineering Geologists, the Geological Society of Washington, the International Glaciological Society, and the Society of Economic Geologists. He served at various times as a consultant to the National Science Foundation, the National Research Council, the Department of Defense, and the Atomic Energy Commission. He was an architect of the Ice Age National Scientific Reserve in Wisconsin, and its establishment was a source of great satisfaction for him.
An important factor in Bob’s research career was his early work in Alaska on permafrost and periglacial features, fields in which he achieved an international reputation. After the establishment of the U.S. Antarctic Research Program, he developed a project to study ice-wedge and sand-wedge polygons, and he made numerous trips to Antarctica between 1959 and 1982 to record their growth rates. While in Wisconsin he investigated the glacial deposits of the region with characteristic vigor, and he developed the unconventional hypothesis that the so-called driftless area of southwestern Wisconsin had been glaciated during Pleistocene time. Bob worked more than 20 years, often in collaboration with archeologists, on the geology and prehistory of the A leutian-Kodiak Island region; he made a m ajor contribution by developing a system for dating archeological sites from volcanic ash layers. Bob was concerned about the possible effects of a slow, long-term warming trend in world climate, and in 1978 he organized an A A AS symposium on that subject.
In recognition of his achievements. Bob Black earned listing in Who's Who in the World. Who's Who in America, D ictionary o f International Biography, and other volumes. From 1960 to 1972 he served as U.S. representative on the Commission on Periglacial Geomorphology of the International Geographical Union. He was an associate editor of the Geological Society o f Am erica Bulletin between 1965 and 1969, and chairman of the GSA Geomorphology Group in 1966. Syracuse University presented him the A lexander Winchell Distinguished Alumnus Award in 1978. Black Glacier in A ntarctica was named in his honor by the United States government.
While working at the U.S. Geological Survey, Bob met Hernelda R. Lone, another USGS employee, and they were married on February 12, 1944. Nelda, as she is known to all, and Bob were well suited to each other, and they enjoyed a close and happy marriage. They liked to travel together to professional meetings whenever possible. Many colleagues, students, and visitors enjoyed the warm hospitality of their home.
Bob Black was a unique character with many fine qualities. He was totally dedicated to his work and drove himself very hard. He was independent and self-reliant, quite capable of working alone even in remote areas. In an interview, he once described himself as a loner, but his colleagues and students found him both friendly and supportive. Bob believed in physical fitness, to be maintained by regular exercise and proper nutrit ion. He was a well-known bicyclist in both Madison and Storrs, commuting many miles each day in his coat and tie. He liked climbing mountains, including Popocatepetl in Mexico, and he usually was among the first in a group to reach the top of the hill. He once escaped from a sow grizzly in the Alaska Range by furiously pumping his railroad handcar. He seemed immune to cold— once swam in the water off Kodiak Island and preferred to
M E M O R I A L T O R O B E R T F B L A C K 3
sleep w ithout pajam as in Antarctica. He disliked attending meetings where smoking was perm itted. He was a licensed pilot, an enthusiastic hunter, and a skillful photographer.
Bob will be rem em bered as a talented geologist and a w arm hum an being. He had a good eye for the subtle feature in the field, and he organized and led m any field trips. He taught and inspired a great num ber of students; to some he seemed an alm ost mystical, larger-than-life figure. He had only kind words to say about others, and he enjoyed helping new faculty colleagues to get started in their work. An active researcher, prolific publisher, and independent thinker, his unorthodox views were at times a provocative stim ulant to his fellow Q uaternary geologists. He was full of ideas and always looking ahead enthusiastically to the next project. He m aintained contact with many foreign geologists, and he was an effective am bassador for United States science in his in ternational activities.
F o r m any of us the future annual meetings of the GSA will lack a pleasant ingredient of those past. We will miss Bob, his friendly greeting, his hearty laugh, and the lively twinkle in his eye.
The published w orks of R obert F. Black to ta l m ore than 180; they are cited in the following Bibliography.
B IB L IO G R A P H Y O F R . F . BLA C K
1943 Geology of the H untington Forest: New York S tate College of Forestry and Roosevelt Wildlife Commission, New York, 220 p.
1944 (with R. E. Van Alstine) Mineral deposits at Orange Hill, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report.
1945 (with H. R. Gault) Trace elements investigations in Sweepstakes Creek area, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Trace Elements Report 21 (classified).
1946 Perm afrost investigations at Point Spencer, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Perm afrost Program Progress Report 2, 20 p. (classified).
------ (with R. E. Van Alstine)Copper deposits of the K otsina-K uskulana district, Alaska:U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 947G, p. 121-141.
1948 Terrain and perm afrost, Umiat Area, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Perm afrost Program Progress Report 5, 23 p. (classified).
------ Review of: ‘Perm afrost or perm anently frozen ground and related engineeringproblem s,’ by Siemon W. Muller: Geography Review, v. 38, no. 4, p. 686-687.
------ Discussion of: ‘The study of perm anently frozen ground and intensive frost-action.’by Kirk Bryan: M ilitary Engineering, v. 40, no. 273, p. 306.
1949 (and W. L. Barksdale) Oriented lakes of northern Alaska: Journal of Geology, v. 57. no. 2, p. 105-118.
1950 Perm afrost, in Applied sedim entation, P. D. Trask, ed.: John Wiley & Sons,Chap. 14, p. 247-275.
1951 Perm afrost. Annual report for 1950: Sm ithsonian Institution, p. 273-301.____ Eolian deposits of Alaska: Arctic, v. 4. no. 2, p. 89-111.____ Some techniques and equipment for the study of ground ice and perm afrost [abs.]:
American Geophysical Union Transactions, v. 32, p. 330-331.____ Structures in ice wedges of northern Alaska [abs.]: Geological Society of America
Bulletin, v. 62, no. 12. p. 1423-1424.____ Graphs for visual comparison of several factors in heat exchange near Barrow.
Alaska [abs.]: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 62. no. 12, p. 1546-1547.
4 T H F G E O I .O G 1 C A I . S O C IE T Y O F A M E R I C A
1952 Polygonal patterns and ground conditions from aerial photographs: Photogram m etric Engineering, v. 18, n o .l, p. 123-134.
____ G rowth of ice-wedge polygons in perm afrost near Barrow, Alaska [abs.]:Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 63, no. 12, p. 1235-1236.
1953 Fabrics of ice wedges [Ph.D . dissertationl: Johns Hopkins University, 83 p.____ Ice-wedge polygons, perm afrost and geom orphology of the Arctic Coastal plain.
northern Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File R eport, 788 p.____ Perm afrost—a review: New York Academy of Science, Ser. 2, v. 15, no. 5,
p. 126-131.1954 Precipitation at Barrow, Alaska, greater than recorded: American Geophysical
U nion Transactions, v. 35, no. 2, p. 203-206.____ Perm afrost—a review: Geological Society o f America Bulletin, v. 65, p. 839-856.1955 Arctic slope, in Perm afrost and ground water in Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey
Professional P aper 264F, p. 118-119.1956 Perm afrost and w ater supply o f Point Spencer Spit. Seward Peninsula, Alaska
[abs.]: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 67, p. 1672.____Perm afrost as a natural phenom enon. Part 1, Book II. The dynamic north: United
States Navy, p. 1-25.1957 Pleistocene climactic change recorded by ice-wedge polygon casts of Cary age at
River Falls, W isconsin [abs.]: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 68,p. 1888-1889.
____ Some problems in engineering geology caused by perm afrost in the Arctic CoastalPlain, northern Alaska: Arctic, v. 10, p. 230-240.
____ Gubik form ation of Q uaternary age in northern Alaska [abs.]: Geological Societyof America Bulletin, v. 68, p. 1701.
1958 Glacial geology of Lake Geneva area, southeast W isconsin [abs.]: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 69, p. 1536.
____ W rangell M ountains, C opper River Plateau, and Lowlands and Plains of interiorand western A laska, in Landscapes of Alaska: University o f California Press, p. 30-33. 34-37, 76-81.
____ Perm afrost, water-supply, and engineering geology of Point Spencer spit, SewardPeninsula, Alaska: Arctic, v. 11, p. 103-116.
____ (with C. W ahrhaftig) Engineering geology along part o f the Alaska railroad: U.S.Geological Survey Professional P aper 293B, p. 69-116.
1959 Geology of R addatz rockshelter, Sk5, Wisconsin: Wisconsin Archeology, v. 40. p. 69-82.
____ C urrent research in glacial geology and geomorphology in west-central Wisconsin[abs.]: Institute on Lake Superior Geology, p. 21.
____ Friends of the Pleistocene: Science, v. 130, p. 172-173.____ (and W. W ittry) Pleistocene man in south-central Wisconsin [abs.]: Geological
Society of America Bulletin, v. 70. p. 1570-1571.____ Glacial geology of west-central Wisconsin: 10th Annual Field Conference.
M idwestern Friends of the Pleistocene, 14 p. (mimeo.).____ (with L. M. Cline) G uidebook for the 23rd Annual Field Conference, southwestern
W isconsin. Tri-state Geological Field Conference (includes geological sketch map): University of W isconsin. M adison.
1960_Pleistocene history of Wisconsin [abs.]: Institute on Lake Superior Geology, p. 13. ____ Frost action: M cGraw-Hill Encyclopedia of Science, p. 540-541.
M E M O R I A L T O R O B E R T F . B L A C K 5
1960 Perm afrost: M cGraw-Hill Encyclopedia of Science, p. 21-22.------ Driftless area of W isconsin was glaciated [abs.]: Geological Society of America
Bulletin, v. 71, p. 1827.------ Ice wedges in northern Alaska: International Geological Congress, Section IV.
Geom orphology, p. 26.1961 Periglacial phenom ena of Wisconsin, north-central United States [abs.]: Inter
national Q uaternary Association, 6th Congress, p. 87-88.------ (with A. R. Geyne, C. Fries, Jr., K. Segerstrom. and I. F. Wilson) Pachuca mining
district. H idalgo, Mexico, Article 368: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 424-D, p. D 221-D222.
1962 Glaciation in Wisconsin [abs.]: Wisconsin Academy of Sciences, A rts and Letters, Annual Meeting.
------ Pleistocene chronology of W isconsin [abs.]: Geological Society of America SpecialPaper 68, p. 137.
1963 Pleistocene history of Bering Sea-A laska coast and m an [abs.]: 28th Annual Meeting, Society of American Archaeologists, p. 23-24.
------ (and T. E. Berg) D ating with patterned ground, Victoria Land, A ntarctica [abs.]:American Geophysical U nion Transactions, v. 44, p. 48.
------ Les Coins de glace et le gel perm anent dans le N ord de L’Alaska: Ann. Geographie,no. 391. p. 257-271.
------ (and T. E. Berg) H ydrotherm al regimen of patterned ground, Victoria Land.Antarctica: 13th General Assembly, International Union Geodesy and Geophysics. Commission on Snow and Ice, Publication 61. p. 121-217.
------ (and T. E. Berg) Glacier fluctuations recorded by patterned ground, Victoria Land[abs.]: Po lar Record, v. 11, no. 75, p. 752-753. (Also in SCA R Bulletin no. 15.)
------ (and T. E. Berg) Glacial fluctuations recorded by patterned ground, Victoria Land,in A ntarctic geology: N orth Holland Publishing Com pany, Chap. 111:1, p. 107-122.
------ (and A. R. Geyne, C. Fries. Jr., K. Segerstrom, and I. F. Wilson) Geology andmineral deposits of the P achuca-R eal del M onte D istrict, S tate of Hidalgo,Mexico: Consejo de Recursos N aturales no Renovables, M exico, Publication 5E, 203 p. (Also translated into Spanish, 222 p.)
1964 Physical geography of Wisconsin: Wisconsin Bluebook. p. 171-177.------ Periglacial studies in the United States— 1959-1963: Biuletyn Peryglacjalny, no. 14.
p. 5-29.------ Gubik form ation of Q uaternary age in northern Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey
Professional Paper 302-C, p. 59-91.------ Periglacial phenom ena of Wisconsin, north-central United States: 6th International
Congress on the Q uaternary, Report 12, p. 21-28.------ (and T. E. Berg) Patterned ground in Antarctica. Bulletin United States Antarctic
Projects Officer, v. 5. no. 10. p. 109-110.------ (with T. E. Berg) Validity o f C 14 dates in Victoria Land. A ntarctica [abs.]:
Geological Society of America Special Paper 76. p. 12-13.------ (and W. S. Laughlin) Anangula: A geologic interpretation of the oldest archeologic
site in the Aleutians: Science, v. 143. p. 1321-1322.------ Potholes and associated gravel of Devils Lake State Park: Wisconsin Academy of
Sciences, Arts and Letters Transactions, v. 53. p. 165-175.1965 (and T. E. Berg) Saline discharge from Taylor Glacier, Victoria Land, A ntarctica
[abs.]: Geological Society of America Special Paper 82. p. 12-13.
6 T H F G E O L O G I C A L S O C 1 F T Y O F A M E R I C A
1965 (and M. L. Jackson and T. E. Berg) Saline discharge from Taylor Glacier, Victoria Land, A ntarctica: Journal of Geology, v. 73, p. 175-181.
____ Ice-wedge casts of Wisconsin: Wisconsin Academy of Sciences. Arts and LettersT ransactions, v. 54. p. 187-222.
____ Some contributions of W isconsin’s geologists and soil scientists: W isconsinAcademy of Sciences, Arts and Letters T ransactions, v. 54. pt. A, p. 107-117.
____ Paleoclim atologic implications of ice-wedge casts of W isconsin [abs.]: InternationalQ uaternary Association, p. 37.
____ (and F. E. Hole, I.. J. M aher, and J. E. Freem an) Guidebook for field conference.Upper Mississippi Valley: 7th International Q uaternary A ssociation Congress, University of N ebraska Press, W isconsin part, p. 56-81.
____ (with J. C. Frye and H. B. Willman) Outline of glacial geology o f Illinois andW isconsin, in Q uaternary of the United States, H. E. W right and D. G. Frey, eds.,: Princeton University Press, p. 43-61.
1966 (and T. E. Berg) Patterned ground in Antarctica: Proceedings of Perm afrost International Conference, N ational Research Council, Publication 1287, p. 121-127.
____ Patterned ground studies in Antarctica: A ntarctic Journal of the United States,v. 1, no. 4. p. 137.
____ Late Pleistocene to Recent history of Bering Sea-A laska coast and man: ArcticAnthropology, v. 3, no. 2, p. 7-22.
____ Geology of the Ice Age N ational Scientific Reserve of Wisconsin: U.S. N ationalParks Service R eport, 176 p.
____ Com m ents on periglacial terminology: Biuletyn Peryglacjalny, no. 15, p. 329-333.____ Valders glaciation in Wisconsin and Upper M ichigan—a progress report: Great
Lakes Research Division, University of M ichigan, Publication 15. p. 169-175.____ (with T. E. Berg) Prelim inary measurem ents of growth of nonsorted polygons.
Victoria Land, Antarctica: American Geophysical U nion, A ntarctic Research Series, v. 8. p. 61-108.
____ Perm afrost: M cGraw-Hill Encyclopedia of Science and Technology, p. 21-22.____ Frost action: M cGraw-Hill Encyclopedia of Science and Technology, p. 540-541.1967 (with C. J. Bowser) M irabilite deposits neat the Hobbs Glacier, M cM urdo Sound
area, A ntarctica [abs.]: Annual Meeting of Geological Society of America,p. 20-21.
____ (and C. J. Bowser) Patterned ground studies in Victoria Land: A ntarctic Journal ofthe United States, v. 2, p. 116-118.
1967-68 G eom orphology of Devils Lake area, Wisconsin: W isconsin Academy of Sciences. Arts and Letters Transactions, v. 56, p. 117-148.
____ (and M. R ubin) R adiocarbon dates of Wisconsin: W isconsin Academy of Sciences,Arts and Letters T ransactions, v. 56, p. 99-115.
1968 (and T. E. Berg) Ventifacted. cavernously weathered, perched stones of Taylor Valley, A ntarctica, and the glacial chronology [abs.]: Geological Society of America Special Paper 101, p. 18-19.
____ (and C. J. Bowser) Salts and associated phenom ena of the termini o f the Hobbsand Taylor Glaciers. Victoria Land, Antarctica: International Association of Scientific Hydrology Publication 79, p. 226-238.
____ (and J. C. Frye, H. B. W illman. and M. Rubin) Definition of Wisconsin Stage:U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1274-E. 22 p.
M E M O R I A L T O R . F. B L A C K 7
1968 (and D. L. C lark and T. E. H endrix) Two Creeks buried forest project— CIC Instructional Im provem ent Program : Journal o f Geological Education, v. 16, no. 4, p. 139-140.
.------ Glacial features of the Kettle Interlobate M oraine, eastern Wisconsin [abs.]:Regional Meeting, Geological Society of America, p. 18-19.
------ (with A. A. Twomey) Patterned ground studies in Victoria Land: Antarctic Journalof United States, v. 3. p. 106-107.
------ Ice-stagnation features of the Bloomer M oraine, northwest W isconsin [abs.]: 14thAnnual Institute on Lake Superior Geology, p. 44.
------ (with C. J. Bowser) M irabilite deposits near the Hobbs Glacier, M cM urdo Soundarea, A ntarctica [abs.]: Geological Society o f America Special Paper 115, p. 20-21.
1969 Q uaternary paleoecology—a review: Geotimes, v. 14, no. 2, p. 34.------ Glacial geology of N orthern Kettle M oraine State Forest, Wisconsin: Wisconsin
Academy of Sciences, Arts and Letters T ransactions, v. 57, p. 99-119.------ (and A. A. Twomey) Patterned ground studies in Victoria Land: A ntarctic Journal
of United States, v. 4, p. 129.------ Valderan glaciation in western Upper M ichigan: Proceedings of 12th Conference
G reat Lakes Research, University of M ichigan, p. 116-123.------ Saline discharges from Taylor Glacier. Victoria Land, A ntarctica: A ntarctic Journal
of United States, v. 4, p. 89-90.------ Geology, especially geomorphology, o f northern Alaska: Arctic, v. 22, p. 283-299.------ Slopes in southwestern Wisconsin. U .S.A .— periglacial o r tem perate?: Biuletyn
Peryglacjalny, no. 18, p. 69-82, 523-524.------ Thaw depressions and thaw lakes—a review: Biuletyn Peryglacjalny, no. 19,
p. 131-150.------ Climatically significant fossil periglacial phenom ena in north central United States:
Biuletyn Peryglacjalny. no. 20, p. 225-238.1970 (with C. J. Bowser and T. A. Rafter) Geochemical evidence for the origin of
m irabilite deposits near Hobbs Glacier, Victoria Land, A ntarctica: M ineral Society of America Special Paper 3, p. 261-272.
------ Glacial geology of Two Creeks Forest Bed, Valderan type locality, and N orthernKettle M oraine State Forest: W isconsin Geological and N atural H istory Survey Inform ation C ircular no. 13, 40 p.
------ Glacial geology, in Geology of the B araboo District: Wisconsin Geological andN atural H istory Survey Inform ation C ircular no. 14, p. 65-77.
------ (and N. K. Bleuer. F. D. Hole, N. P. Lasca, and L. J. M aher, Jr.) Field trip guide.in Pleistocene geology of southern Wisconsin: Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey Inform ation Circular no. 15. p. A1-A38.
------ Cross Plains Terminal M oraine and related features, in Pleistocene geology ofsouthern Wisconsin: Wisconsin Geological and N atural H istory Survey Inform ation Circular no. 15. p. G I-G I5 .
------ Blue M ounds and the erosional history of southwestern Wisconsin, in Pleistocenegeology of southern Wisconsin: Wisconsin Geological and N atural H istory Survey Inform ation C ircular no. 15, p. H l - H l 1.
------ Residuum and ancient soils o f southwestern Wisconsin, in Pleistocene geology ofsouthern Wisconsin: Wisconsin Geological and N atural History Survey Inform ation Circular no. 15, p. 11-112.
8 T H E G E O L O G I C A L S O C IE T Y O F A M E R I C A
1970 Patterned-ground studies in Antarctica: Antarctic Journal of the United States, v. 5. p. 104-105.
____ Review, l.andforms of cold climates, by J. I.. Davies: American Scientist, v. 58,p. 556.
____ Chronology and climate of Wisconsin and Upper Michigan— 14,000 to 9,000radiocarbon years ago [abs.]: American Quaternary Association, p. 12.
____ (with A. R. Geyne, C. Fries, Jr., K. Segerstrom, and I. F. Wilson) The Pachuca-Real del Monte mining district: Rocks and Minerals, no. 364. v. 45, no. 1, p. 3-7.
____ Review. The periglacial environment, edited by T. L. Pfewfe: Journal of Geology.v. 79, p. 252.
____ (with J. S. A ignerand W. S. Laughlin) Early racial and cultural identifications insouthwestern Alaska: Science, v. 171. p. 87-88.
____ (and D. L. Clark and T. E. Hendrix) Two Creeks Buried Forest— Wisconsin:University of Wisconsin. 37 p.
____ Permafrost: McGraw-Hill Encyclopedia of Science and Technology, v. 10. p. 27.____ Frost action: McGraw-Hill Encyclopedia of Science and Technology, v. 5. p. 580.1972 Geologic evidence pertaining to the migration of the Paleo-Aleuts [abs.]: Geological
Society of America Abstracts with Programs, v. 4, no. 7, p. 452.1973 l ate Quaternary sea-level changes, southwest Umnak Island, Aleutians [abs.]:
Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs, v. 5, no. 7, p. 552.____ (with J. R. Mackay) Origin, composition, and structure of perennially frozen ground
and ground ice: a review, in Permafrost: North American contribution. Second International Conference: Genesis. Composition, and Structure of Frozen Ground and Ground Ice: National Academy of Sciences. Washington. D C., p. 185-192.
____ Growth of patterned ground in Victoria Land, Antarctica, in Permafrost; NorthAmerican contribution. Second International Conference; Genesis, Composition, and Structure of Frozen Ground and Ground Ice: National Academy of Sciences, Washington, D.C., p. 193-203.
1974 Geology of ice age national scientific reserve of Wisconsin: National Park Service Scientific M onograph no. 2, 234 p.
____ (with I. S. Allison, J. M. Dennison. R. K. Fahnestock, and S. M. White) Geology:The science of a changing Earth (sixth edition): McGraw-Hill Book Company,498 p.
____Glacial Lake Wisconsin, in Late Quaternary environments of Wisconsin, J. C.Knox and D. M. Mickelson. eds.: Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey, p. 58-68.
____ Cryomorphic processes and micro-relief features, Victoria Land, Antarctica, inResearch in polar and alpine geomorphology. B. D. Fahey and R. D. Thompson, eds.: Proceedings 3rd Guelph Symposium on Geomorphology, p. 11-24.
____ Wetland geology: Proceedings Wetlands Conference. Institute for Water Resources.University of Connecticut Report, v. 21, p. 42-63, 160-161.
____ Holocene glacier fluctuations in Aleutians and Antarctica [abs.]: AmericanQuaternaiy Association, p. 73.
____ Dating the late Quaternary geomorphic events in the M cM urdo Sound region[abs.]: Dry Valley Drilling Project Bulletin, no. 4. p. 12-14.
____ Ice wedges and soil wedges [abs.]: Geological Society of America Abstracts withPrograms, v. 6, no. 7. p. 656-657.
M E M O R I A L T O R O B E R T F. B L A C K 9
1974 Late Pleistocene shorelines and stratigraphie relations in the Lake M ichigan basin: Discussion: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 85, p. 659-660.
____ (with L. C. C onant and J. W. Hosterm an) Pots in deposits o f upland gravels inM aryland and Virginia [abs.]: Geological Society o f America A bstracts with Program s, v. 6, no. I, p. 15.
1975 (and T. D. H am ilton) Mass-movement studies near M adison, Wisconsin: Geomorphology Symposium Series 2, Q uantitative G eom orphology, p. 121-179.
____ L ate-Q uaternary geom orphic processes: Effects on the ancient Aleuts of UmnakIsland of the Aleutians: Arctic, v. 28, no. 3, p. 159-169.
------ Glacial geology of W isconsin and U pper M ichigan [abs.]: Q uaternary stratigraphysymposium, T oronto . York University Publication, p. 24-26.
1976 Features indicative o f perm afrost: Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, v. 4, p. 75-94.
____ Q uaternary geology of Wisconsin and contiguous U pper M ichigan, in Q uaternarystratigraphy of N orth America, W. C. M ahoney, ed.: Dowden, H utchinson and Ross, p. 93-117.
____ Geology of U m nak Island, eastern Aleutian Islands as related to the Aleuts: Arcticand Alpine Research, v. 8, no. 1, p. 7-35.
____ Periglacial features indicative o f perm afrost: Ice and soil wedges: Q uaternaryResearch, v. 6, p. 3-26.
____ (with L. C. C onant and J. W. Hosterm an) Sediment-filled pots in upland gravels ofM aryland and Virginia: U.S. Geological Survey Journal of Research, v. 4, no. 3, p. 353-358.
____ Late-Q uaternary glacial events, Aleutian Islands, Alaska, in InternationalGeological C orrelation Project Report: Q uaternary glaciation in the N orthern Hemisphere, Prague: v. 3, p. 285-301.
____ (and L. Frankel) D eglaciation of the Shetucket River Basin, northeasternConnecticut: Geological Society of America A bstracts with Program s, v. 8. no. 2, p. 135-136.
____ Holocene history of Aleutian Islands, Alaska and Aleuts: 25th InternationalGeological Congress Abstracts, v. 2. p. 490.
____ (and J. F. Cam pbell) Holocene geomorphic events. Adak Island, Aleutian Islands:Geological Society of America A bstracts with Program s, v. 8, no. 6, p. 781.
____ (and J. F. Campbell) Holocene climatic changes in the A leutian Islands. Alaska:EOS (American Geophysical Union Transactions) v. 57, no. 4, p. 254.
____ Thaw depressions and thaw lakes, a review, in Periglacial process, C.A.M . King.ed.: Dowden. H utchinson, and Ross. p. 148-163.
1977 W eathering down under: Geotimes, v. 22, no. 3, p. 18-19.------ Influence of Holocene climatic changes on Aleut expansion into the Aleutian
Islands, Alaska: Anthropology Papers, University of Alaska, v. 18, no. 1. p. 31-42.
____ Regional stagnation of ice in northeastern Connecticut: An alternative model ofdeglaciation for part o f New England: Geological Society o f America Bulletin, v. 88, p. 1331-1336.
____ Isostatic, tectonic, and eustatic movements of sea level in the Aleutian Islands.Alaska, in Earth rheology and late Cenozoic isostatic movements: Stockholm. Sweden, p. 12-14.
10 T H E GF.OI.OCilCAI. S O C I E T Y O F A M E R I C A
1977 Holocene tephrochronology of the Aleutian Islands, Alaska: Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs, v. 9, no. 7, p. 899-900.
1978 Strandflats: Must all be prc-Holocene and cut with the aid of ice-flows? American Association for the Advancement of Science Annual Meeting Abstracts, p. 114.
____ Historical wind fluting and ventifacting, Adak Island. Aleutian Islands. Alaska:Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs, v. 10. no. 2. p. 33.
____ Holocene sea level in the Aleutian Islands: Plate tectonics vs. eustatic andisostatic causes: EOS (American Geophysical Union Transactions), v. 59, no. 4, p. 298-299.
____ Discussion, Greatlakean Substage: A replacement for Valderan Substage in theLake Michigan Basin: Quaternary Research, v. 9, no. 1. p. 119-123.
____ Fabrics of ice wedges in central Alaska, in Proceedings, Third InternationalConference on Permafrost: National Research Council of Canada, v. I, p. 247-253.
____ Comparison of some permafrost features on Earth and Mars: Some cautions andrestrictions, in Proceedings, Second Colloquium on Planetary Water and Polar Processes: Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, Hanover, New Hampshire, p. 127-129.
____ Aleut occupation sites and strandflats were controlled primarily by Holocene sealevel in the Aleutian Islands. Alaska: American Quaternary Association Abstracts, 5th Biennial Meeting, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, p. 186.
1979 Late-Quaternary sea-level changes along the Connecticut coast: Effects of sea level on ancient archaeologic sites: 45th Annual Conference Abstracts. Archaeological Society of Connecticut.
____ Reply. Regional stagnation of ice in northeastern Connecticut: An alternativemodel of deglaciation for part of New England: Geological Society of America Bulletin. Part 1. v. 90. p. 118-120.
____ The Valders Till is most likely post-Twocreekan as originally defined: GeologicalSociety of America Abstracts with Programs, v. 11, no. 7, p. 389.
____ Clastic dikes o f the Pasco Basin, southeastern Washington: Rockwell InternationalReport RHO-BWI-C-64, 65 p.
____ Holocene sea level and climate in the Aleutian Islands, Alaska: 30th AlaskanScience Conference, Fairbanks, Alaska, Proceedings, p. 45.
____Late Quaternary climatic changes in the Aleutian Islands. Alaska, in Abstracts withPrograms and Field Guide, Symposium on Quaternary Climatic Change: York University, Downsview, Ontario, Canada, p. 25-26.
1980 Modes of deglaciation of Connecticut: Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs, v. 12, no. 2. p. 24.
____ Isostatic, tectonic, and eustatic movements of sea level in the Aleutian Islands.Alaska, in Earth rheology. isostasy and eustasy. Nils-Axel Morner, ed.: John Wiley and Sons, p. 231-248.
____ Evidence of Permafrost during the latest Wisconsin ice advance and retreat inConnecticut: American Quaternary Association Abstracts and Program, p. 25.
____ Valders—Two Creeks. Wisconsin, revisited: The Valders Till is most likely post-Twocreekan. Geological Society of America Bulletin. Part 1. v. 91. p. 713-723.
____ (Review) Winters of the world— Earth under the Ice Ages: Geophysics, v. 45, no. 7,p. 1210-1211.
MEMORIAL TO ROBERT F. BLACK II
1981 (Review) A ntarctic glacial history and world palaeoenvironm ents: Zeitschrift fur G letscherkunde und Glazialgeologie.
------ I.ate-Q uaternary climatic changes in the Aleutian Islands, A laska, in Q uaternarypaleoclimate, W. C. M ahaney, ed.: Geology Abstracts. Norwich, England, p. 47-62.
____ Tim ing of Holocene geom orphic events on Atka Island, Aleutian Islands:Geological Society of America A bstracts with Program s, v. 13, no. 7, p. 410-411.
1982 M odes of deglaciation of Connecticut: A review, in Late W isconsinan glaciation of New England, G. J. Larson and B. D. Stone, eds.: K endall/ H unt Publishing Co., p. 77-100.
____ Holocene sea-level changes in the A leutian Islands: new data from A tka Island, inHolocene sea-level fluctuations, m agnitude and causes, D. J. C olquhoun. organizer: I.G .C.P. 61. The Sea Level Program , and INQUA, Symposium volume, p. 1-12.
____ Origin of pseudo-ice-wedge casts o f Connecticut: Geological Society o f AmericaA bstracts with Program s, v. 14. no. 1-2. p. 6.
____ Rate of growth of patterned ground in Victoria Land, A ntarctica, has diminished:Geological Society of America A bstracts with Program s, v. 14, no. 7, p. 445.
____ Patterned ground studies in Victoria Land: A ntarctic Journal of the United States,v. 17, no. 5. p. 53-54.
____ (and S. M. Clebnik) M ode of deglaciation of Shetucket River Basin: New EnglandIntercollegiate Geological Confernce, O ctober 2 -3 , p. Q3-1-20.
____ M ode of deglaciation o f the Shetucket River Basin: New England IntercollegiateGeological Conference, O ctober 2-3 , p. Q3-21-28.
1983 Pseudo-ice-wedge casts of Connecticut, northeastern United States: Q uaternary Research, v. 20, no. 1, p. 74-89.
____ Late W oodfordian and G reatlakean history of the Green Bay Lobe. Wisconsin:Discussion: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 94, no. 7, p. 936-937.
____ Perm afrost studies in Alaska [abs.]: U.S. Geological Survey Polar ResearchSymposium , A bstracts with Program . U.S. Geological Survey Circular 91 1, p. 53.
____ Three superposed systems of ice wedges at M cLeod Point, northern Alaska, mayspan most of the W isconsinan Stage and Holocene: Perm afrost, 4th International Conference, Proceedings, p. 68-73.
____ Clastic dikes of basal till, southern C onnecticut, attributed to thick stagnant ice:Geological Society of America A bstracts with Program s, v. 15. no. 3, p. 125.
____ Glacial chronology of the Aleutian Islands, in G laciation in A laska. R. M. Thorsonand T. D. H am ilton, eds.: Alaskan Q uaternary Center. Fairbanks, Occasional Paper no. 2, p. 5-10.
____ Ice-wedge diapirs. northern Alaska, are produced mainly by horizontalcompression: Geological Society of America A bstracts with Program s, v. 15, no.6. p. 527.
------ (with T. G. Welling, K. Savino. and M. G ragnolati) Environm ental im pact o f wastedisposal sites is docum ented by heavy metals in soils at the University of Connecticut, Storrs, Ct: Geological Society of America A bstracts with Program s, v. 15. no. 6. p. 716-717.
Printed in U .S .A . 11/85
